On the design of a class of rotary compressors using bayesian optimization
- Lu, Kui, Phung, Truong, Sultan, Ibrahim
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Phung, Truong , Sultan, Ibrahim
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Machines Vol. 9, no. 10 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The optimization process of compressors is usually regarded as a ‘black-box’ problem, in which the mathematical form underlying the relationship between design parameters and the design objective is impractical and costly to be obtained. To solve the ‘black-box’ problem, Bayesian optimization has been proven as an accurate and efficient method. However, the application of such a method in the design of compressors is rarely discussed, particularly no work has been reported in terms of the positive displacement type compressor. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce the Bayesian optimization to the design of positive displacement compressors through the optimization process of the novel limaçon compressor. In this paper, a two-stage optimization process is presented, in which the first stage optimizes the geometric parameters as per design requirements and the second stage focuses on revealing an optimum setting of port geometries that improves machine performance. A numerical illustration is offered to prove the validity of the presented approach. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Phung, Truong , Sultan, Ibrahim
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Machines Vol. 9, no. 10 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The optimization process of compressors is usually regarded as a ‘black-box’ problem, in which the mathematical form underlying the relationship between design parameters and the design objective is impractical and costly to be obtained. To solve the ‘black-box’ problem, Bayesian optimization has been proven as an accurate and efficient method. However, the application of such a method in the design of compressors is rarely discussed, particularly no work has been reported in terms of the positive displacement type compressor. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce the Bayesian optimization to the design of positive displacement compressors through the optimization process of the novel limaçon compressor. In this paper, a two-stage optimization process is presented, in which the first stage optimizes the geometric parameters as per design requirements and the second stage focuses on revealing an optimum setting of port geometries that improves machine performance. A numerical illustration is offered to prove the validity of the presented approach. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Design and optimisation of the limaçon rotary compressor
- Lu, Kui
- Authors: Lu, Kui
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: The limaçon positive displacement machine is characterised by its internal geometry and unique mechanical motion; both based on a mathematical curve known as the limaçon of Pascal. The limaçon technology offers many advantages, such as compact size and double‐acting functionality, and its great potential for fluid processing applications has been proven by a number of patents and innovative designs in engines, expanders, and pumps. However, no commercial application of the limaçon technology in the field of positive displacement compressors has been reported in the literature. This could be attributed to the fact that the potential of the limaçon technology for gas compression has not been established as yet. The process of establishing potential is necessary before funds and resources are dedicated to investing in prototyping and testing. This process entails a considerable amount of modelling, coding and analysis as one must ensure the embodiment is geometrically capable of delivering suction and compression strokes, ports can be arranged to support the workings of these strokes, a number of measurable parameters can be identified as impacting compressor performance and it is possible to calculate a set of parameters which optimise this performance. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive mathematical model of a limaçon machine, implemented as a compressor,was first developed. The model, which is multi‐physical in nature, spans such domains as kinematics, fluid dynamics, characteristics of the port flow, internal leakage due to seal vibration, dynamics of the discharge valve, and thermodynamics. Subsequently, the simulation of the model has been performed to numerically study the operational characteristics of the limaçon compressor and to investigate the effect of various parameters on the compressor performance. It was found that the increase in the operating speed and pressure ratio would lead to negative effects on machine performance, especially on volumetric efficiency. Additionally, the results of simulations indicated that the level of fluid over‐compression is influenced by the characteristics of the discharge valve. To ensure the suitability of limaçon technology for use in positive displacement compressors, a study was undertaken to determine whether such an embodiment lent itself to optimisation efforts. For this purpose, the thorough mathematical model which has been developed to simulate compressor workings was then used for optimisation purposes whereby a Bayesian optimisation procedure was applied. The optimisation procedure was conducted in a two‐stage fashion where the first stage optimises the machine dimensions to meet volumetric requirements specified by the designer; and the second stage focuses on revealing the optimum combination of port geometries that improves machine performance. A numerical illustration was presented to prove the validity of the presented approach, and the results show that considerable improvements in the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies can be attained. Moreover, the optimised design was tested under different operating speeds and pressure ratios to investigate its robustness. It was found that the optimised design can exhibit relatively stable performance when the working conditions vary within a small bandwidth around that used in the optimisation procedure. The limaçon technology has three embodiments, namely the limaçon‐to‐limaçon (L2L), the limaçon‐to‐circular, and the circolimaçon. The circolimaçon embodiment features using circular arcs, rather than limaçon curves, to develop profiles for the rotor and housing. This embodiment simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the production cost associated with producing a limaçon technology. A feasibility study of the circolimaçon embodiment was conducted by comparing its performance with that of the L2L type device. The machine dimensions and port geometries obtained from the optimisation procedure were used in the comparative study. A nonlinear three‐degree of freedom model was presented to describe the dynamic behaviour of the apex seal during the machine operation. Additionally, the leakage through the seal‐housing gap was formulated by considering the inertia and viscous effects of the flow. The results from the case study suggest that the circolimaçon embodiment exhibits comparable performance to the L2L‐type machine, despite having more significant seal vibrations. Moreover, it was also discovered that the circolimaçon compressor with a small capacity undergoes a lower level of seal dynamics, indicating better machine reliability.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
- Authors: Lu, Kui
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: The limaçon positive displacement machine is characterised by its internal geometry and unique mechanical motion; both based on a mathematical curve known as the limaçon of Pascal. The limaçon technology offers many advantages, such as compact size and double‐acting functionality, and its great potential for fluid processing applications has been proven by a number of patents and innovative designs in engines, expanders, and pumps. However, no commercial application of the limaçon technology in the field of positive displacement compressors has been reported in the literature. This could be attributed to the fact that the potential of the limaçon technology for gas compression has not been established as yet. The process of establishing potential is necessary before funds and resources are dedicated to investing in prototyping and testing. This process entails a considerable amount of modelling, coding and analysis as one must ensure the embodiment is geometrically capable of delivering suction and compression strokes, ports can be arranged to support the workings of these strokes, a number of measurable parameters can be identified as impacting compressor performance and it is possible to calculate a set of parameters which optimise this performance. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive mathematical model of a limaçon machine, implemented as a compressor,was first developed. The model, which is multi‐physical in nature, spans such domains as kinematics, fluid dynamics, characteristics of the port flow, internal leakage due to seal vibration, dynamics of the discharge valve, and thermodynamics. Subsequently, the simulation of the model has been performed to numerically study the operational characteristics of the limaçon compressor and to investigate the effect of various parameters on the compressor performance. It was found that the increase in the operating speed and pressure ratio would lead to negative effects on machine performance, especially on volumetric efficiency. Additionally, the results of simulations indicated that the level of fluid over‐compression is influenced by the characteristics of the discharge valve. To ensure the suitability of limaçon technology for use in positive displacement compressors, a study was undertaken to determine whether such an embodiment lent itself to optimisation efforts. For this purpose, the thorough mathematical model which has been developed to simulate compressor workings was then used for optimisation purposes whereby a Bayesian optimisation procedure was applied. The optimisation procedure was conducted in a two‐stage fashion where the first stage optimises the machine dimensions to meet volumetric requirements specified by the designer; and the second stage focuses on revealing the optimum combination of port geometries that improves machine performance. A numerical illustration was presented to prove the validity of the presented approach, and the results show that considerable improvements in the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies can be attained. Moreover, the optimised design was tested under different operating speeds and pressure ratios to investigate its robustness. It was found that the optimised design can exhibit relatively stable performance when the working conditions vary within a small bandwidth around that used in the optimisation procedure. The limaçon technology has three embodiments, namely the limaçon‐to‐limaçon (L2L), the limaçon‐to‐circular, and the circolimaçon. The circolimaçon embodiment features using circular arcs, rather than limaçon curves, to develop profiles for the rotor and housing. This embodiment simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the production cost associated with producing a limaçon technology. A feasibility study of the circolimaçon embodiment was conducted by comparing its performance with that of the L2L type device. The machine dimensions and port geometries obtained from the optimisation procedure were used in the comparative study. A nonlinear three‐degree of freedom model was presented to describe the dynamic behaviour of the apex seal during the machine operation. Additionally, the leakage through the seal‐housing gap was formulated by considering the inertia and viscous effects of the flow. The results from the case study suggest that the circolimaçon embodiment exhibits comparable performance to the L2L‐type machine, despite having more significant seal vibrations. Moreover, it was also discovered that the circolimaçon compressor with a small capacity undergoes a lower level of seal dynamics, indicating better machine reliability.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
Designs and applications of the rotary limaçon compressors and expanders - a review
- Belfiore, Christopher, Lu, Kui, Phung, Truong, Sultan, Ibrahim
- Authors: Belfiore, Christopher , Lu, Kui , Phung, Truong , Sultan, Ibrahim
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 3rd International Conference on Energy and Power, ICEP 2021, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 18-20 November 2021, AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 2681
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Limaçon machines are positive displacement fluid processing machines that belong to the rotary machine family. The limaçon machines can be utilized as expanders to extract work from the working fluid or as compressors to provide energy to the working fluid. The main components of the limaçon machine that are directly involved in fluid processing are the housing and rotor, the construction of which are of either limaçon of Pascal curves or circular curves. One distinct feature of the limaçon machine is the limaçon motion of the rotor; the rotor rotates about and slides along a pole, o, inside a housing during the machine operation. Of important note is the motion of the machine rotor inside the housing always follows the limaçon motion irrespective of their profiles. In this paper, different designs and embodiments of the limaçon machine and their advantages and disadvantages have beed discussed, and the research has been carried out on specific applications, i.e., expander and compressor including the work done on fluid induction, sealing and leakages, porting, and inlet and outlet valve control of such machines. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Belfiore, Christopher , Lu, Kui , Phung, Truong , Sultan, Ibrahim
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 3rd International Conference on Energy and Power, ICEP 2021, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 18-20 November 2021, AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 2681
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Limaçon machines are positive displacement fluid processing machines that belong to the rotary machine family. The limaçon machines can be utilized as expanders to extract work from the working fluid or as compressors to provide energy to the working fluid. The main components of the limaçon machine that are directly involved in fluid processing are the housing and rotor, the construction of which are of either limaçon of Pascal curves or circular curves. One distinct feature of the limaçon machine is the limaçon motion of the rotor; the rotor rotates about and slides along a pole, o, inside a housing during the machine operation. Of important note is the motion of the machine rotor inside the housing always follows the limaçon motion irrespective of their profiles. In this paper, different designs and embodiments of the limaçon machine and their advantages and disadvantages have beed discussed, and the research has been carried out on specific applications, i.e., expander and compressor including the work done on fluid induction, sealing and leakages, porting, and inlet and outlet valve control of such machines. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Geometric design of the limaçon rotary compressor using bayesian optimization
- Lu, Kui, Sultan, Ibrahim, Phung, Truong
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 3rd International Conference on Energy and Power, ICEP 2021, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 18-20 November 2021, AIP Conference Proceedings 2681 Vol. 2681
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In the design of positive displacement compressors, the mathematical relationship between design parameters and design objectives is usually impractical and costly to be extracted, making the optimization process becomes a 'black-box' problem. In the available literature, the Bayesian optimization method, compared to other optimization techniques, has been proven as an accurate and efficient method to solve the 'black-box' problem. However, the application of such a method in the design of the rotary compressor has not been discussed in published papers. Hence, the current study is intended to employ Bayesian optimization to geometric design a class of positive displacement compressors, which is known as the limaçon compressor. In this paper, the geometric characteristics of the limaçon compressor are presented, and a function, which incorporates volumetric and geometric aspects, is employed to evaluate the optimization process and to reveal the optimum design scenario as per design requirements. A case study is offered to prove the validity of the presented approach. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 3rd International Conference on Energy and Power, ICEP 2021, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 18-20 November 2021, AIP Conference Proceedings 2681 Vol. 2681
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In the design of positive displacement compressors, the mathematical relationship between design parameters and design objectives is usually impractical and costly to be extracted, making the optimization process becomes a 'black-box' problem. In the available literature, the Bayesian optimization method, compared to other optimization techniques, has been proven as an accurate and efficient method to solve the 'black-box' problem. However, the application of such a method in the design of the rotary compressor has not been discussed in published papers. Hence, the current study is intended to employ Bayesian optimization to geometric design a class of positive displacement compressors, which is known as the limaçon compressor. In this paper, the geometric characteristics of the limaçon compressor are presented, and a function, which incorporates volumetric and geometric aspects, is employed to evaluate the optimization process and to reveal the optimum design scenario as per design requirements. A case study is offered to prove the validity of the presented approach. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Mathematical modeling and parametric study of the limaçon rotary compressor
- Lu, Kui, Sultan, Ibrahim, Phung, Truong
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 134, no. (2022), p. 219-231
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, a class of rotary positive displacement compressors which is known as the limaçon compressor is introduced. The main feature of such a compressor is that profiles of its housing and rotor and the motion of its rotor are developed from a mathematical curve called the limaçon of Pascal. A mathematical model of the limaçon compressor, which incorporates the mass flow of the working fluid, the leakage loss, the dynamic response of the discharge valve, as well as the thermodynamic behaviors, is formulated, and the simulation of such a model has been performed to study the operational characteristics of the limaçon compressor. A parametric analysis is also conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the compressor performance. Based on the results, it is found that the machine performance deteriorates as the operating speed increases despite an initial rise in the volumetric efficiency. Additionally, the isentropic efficiency appears insensitive to the change of the pressure ratio, whereas a negative effect on the volumetric efficiency is noticed when the pressure ratio is increased. The effect of the valve diameter on the over-compression loss has also been studied, and the result indicates that a smaller valve diameter leads to a higher level of fluid over-compression. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd and IIR
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 134, no. (2022), p. 219-231
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, a class of rotary positive displacement compressors which is known as the limaçon compressor is introduced. The main feature of such a compressor is that profiles of its housing and rotor and the motion of its rotor are developed from a mathematical curve called the limaçon of Pascal. A mathematical model of the limaçon compressor, which incorporates the mass flow of the working fluid, the leakage loss, the dynamic response of the discharge valve, as well as the thermodynamic behaviors, is formulated, and the simulation of such a model has been performed to study the operational characteristics of the limaçon compressor. A parametric analysis is also conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the compressor performance. Based on the results, it is found that the machine performance deteriorates as the operating speed increases despite an initial rise in the volumetric efficiency. Additionally, the isentropic efficiency appears insensitive to the change of the pressure ratio, whereas a negative effect on the volumetric efficiency is noticed when the pressure ratio is increased. The effect of the valve diameter on the over-compression loss has also been studied, and the result indicates that a smaller valve diameter leads to a higher level of fluid over-compression. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd and IIR
A study on the use of machine learning methods to improve reciprocating compressor reliability via torque tailoring
- Lu, Kui, Sultan, Ibrahim, Phung, Truong
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management, ICMIAM 2021, Ballarat, Australia, 12-15 December 2021, 2021 International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management, ICMIAM 2021
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reciprocating compressors have found popularity in applications where compressed air is required at high pressure levels with moderate flow rates. The mechanical drives used for these compressors are based on the traditional slider-crank linkage which, despite its simplicity, does not lend itself to optimization effort aimed at improving the compressor reliability and performance. The work presented in this paper adopts the notion that the mechanical reliability of the compressor drive is limited by the level and cyclical variability of the loads transmitted through its members and the effectiveness of its cooling system. In the paper, machine learning methods will be employed to craft an objective function suitable to use in a Bayesian optimization effort undertaken to produce a more reliable compressor drive. A numerical example is presented to prove the validity of the presented method and its suitability for use in real life compressor designs. © 2021 IEEE.
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management, ICMIAM 2021, Ballarat, Australia, 12-15 December 2021, 2021 International Conference on Maintenance and Intelligent Asset Management, ICMIAM 2021
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reciprocating compressors have found popularity in applications where compressed air is required at high pressure levels with moderate flow rates. The mechanical drives used for these compressors are based on the traditional slider-crank linkage which, despite its simplicity, does not lend itself to optimization effort aimed at improving the compressor reliability and performance. The work presented in this paper adopts the notion that the mechanical reliability of the compressor drive is limited by the level and cyclical variability of the loads transmitted through its members and the effectiveness of its cooling system. In the paper, machine learning methods will be employed to craft an objective function suitable to use in a Bayesian optimization effort undertaken to produce a more reliable compressor drive. A numerical example is presented to prove the validity of the presented method and its suitability for use in real life compressor designs. © 2021 IEEE.
A literature review of the positive displacement compressor : current challenges and future opportunities
- Lu, Kui, Sultan, Ibrahim, Phung, Truong
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Energies Vol. 16, no. 20 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Positive displacement compressors are essential in many engineering systems, from domestic to industrial applications. Many studies have been devoted to providing more insights into the workings and proposing solutions for performance improvements of these machines. This study aims to present a systematic review of published research on positive displacement compressors of various geometrical structures. This paper discusses the literature on compressor topics, including leakage, heat transfer, friction and lubrication, valve dynamics, port characteristics, and capacity control strategies. Moreover, the current status of the application of machine learning methods in positive displacement compressors is also discussed. The challenges and opportunities for future work are presented at the end of the paper. © 2023 by the authors.
- Authors: Lu, Kui , Sultan, Ibrahim , Phung, Truong
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Energies Vol. 16, no. 20 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Positive displacement compressors are essential in many engineering systems, from domestic to industrial applications. Many studies have been devoted to providing more insights into the workings and proposing solutions for performance improvements of these machines. This study aims to present a systematic review of published research on positive displacement compressors of various geometrical structures. This paper discusses the literature on compressor topics, including leakage, heat transfer, friction and lubrication, valve dynamics, port characteristics, and capacity control strategies. Moreover, the current status of the application of machine learning methods in positive displacement compressors is also discussed. The challenges and opportunities for future work are presented at the end of the paper. © 2023 by the authors.
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