Description:
Collembola and other invertebrates were collected using a number of methods from three main locations in the Pungalina–Seven Emu survey area between 09 July and 21 July 2012. Specimens were identified to Order except for Collembola which were identified to species or morphospecies. Most invertebrates collected belong to highly dispersive taxa such as Diptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera. Invertebrates were collected from two caves in the survey area; in the caves invertebrates were fairly abundant and species rich and included new species. Thirty-three collembolan species were collected, a third of which were found only on sites protected from fire such as rocky outcrops and creek banks. Symphypleona genera such as Corynephoria, Prorastriopes and Temeritas, normally abundant on native grasses and in leaf litter of forests and woodlands of the dry/wet savannah tropics were totally absent. It is suggested that the increased frequency of planned burns in the region are the cause.
Description:
Collembola and other invertebrates were collected using a number of methods from three main locations in the Pungalina–Seven Emu survey area between 09 July and 21 July 2012. Specimens were identified to Order except for Collembola which were identified to species or morphospecies. Most invertebrates collected belong to highly dispersive taxa such as Diptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera. Invertebrates were collected from two caves in the survey area; in the caves invertebrates were fairly abundant and species rich and included new species. Thirty-three collembolan species were collected, a third of which were found only on sites protected from fire such as rocky outcrops and creek banks. Symphypleona genera such as Corynephoria, Prorastriopes and Temeritas, normally abundant on native grasses and in leaf litter of forests and woodlands of the dry/wet savannah tropics were totally absent. It is suggested that the increased frequency of planned burns in the region are the cause.
Description:
Indigenous people remain extremely under-represented in Australian higher education. Despite a substantial increase in the overall number of Indigenous university enrolments since the demand-driven system was introduced, representation remains well below population parity (cf. Department of Education and Training 2015; Wilks and Wilson 2015). Along with participation rates, the university success and retention rates of Indigenous students are also relatively low (Behrendt et al. 2012). The causes of this under-representation and under-achievement have been well-documented. At one level, the relatively low secondary school completion and achievement levels of Indigenous people help to explain under-representation at the next level of education. At a deeper level, educational outcomes reflect broader disadvantage, historical exclusion and discrimination, and a system of education in which respect for culture and diversity often remains limited (Liddle 2016).
Description:
Indigenous people remain extremely under-represented in Australian higher education. Despite a substantial increase in the overall number of Indigenous university enrolments since the demand-driven system was introduced, representation remains well below population parity (cf. Department of Education and Training 2015; Wilks and Wilson 2015). Along with participation rates, the university success and retention rates of Indigenous students are also relatively low (Behrendt et al. 2012). The causes of this under-representation and under-achievement have been well-documented. At one level, the relatively low secondary school completion and achievement levels of Indigenous people help to explain under-representation at the next level of education. At a deeper level, educational outcomes reflect broader disadvantage, historical exclusion and discrimination, and a system of education in which respect for culture and diversity often remains limited (Liddle 2016).
Description:
We are four teacher educators who are interested in the role of emotions and embodiment in teacher education. The impetus for this study emerged after an embodied reflection workshop run by Rachel, Mandi, and Sharon at the 2014 SSTEP Castle Conference in which Monica participated. The workshop explored the ways in which teaching and learning to teach are emotional, cognitive, and embodied acts. After this experience we committed to a collaborative self-study, which we conducted between February and October, 2015, to track our attempts to use embodied pedagogies in our teacher education practices. In this study, we examine our efforts to enact embodied pedagogies in our practice and identify the challenges and benefits of doing so.
Description:
We are four teacher educators who are interested in the role of emotions and embodiment in teacher education. The impetus for this study emerged after an embodied reflection workshop run by Rachel, Mandi, and Sharon at the 2014 SSTEP Castle Conference in which Monica participated. The workshop explored the ways in which teaching and learning to teach are emotional, cognitive, and embodied acts. After this experience we committed to a collaborative self-study, which we conducted between February and October, 2015, to track our attempts to use embodied pedagogies in our teacher education practices. In this study, we examine our efforts to enact embodied pedagogies in our practice and identify the challenges and benefits of doing so.
Description:
Modern healthcare systems are undergoing a paradigm shift from in-hospital care to in-home monitoring, leveraging the emerging technologies in the area of bio-sensing, wireless communication, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. In-home monitoring promises to significantly reduce healthcare spending by preventing unnecessary hospital admissions and visits to healthcare professionals. Most of the in-home monitoring systems, proposed in the literature, focus on monitoring a set of specific vital signs. However, from the perspective of caregivers it is infeasible to maintain a collection of specialized monitoring systems. In this paper, we view the problem of in-home monitoring from the perspective of caregivers and present a framework that supports various monitoring capabilities while making the complexity transparent to the end users. The essential idea of the framework is to define a 'general purpose architecture' where the system specifies a particular protocol for communication and makes it public. Then any bio-sensing system can communicate with the system as long as it conforms to the protocol. We then argue that as the system grows in terms of number of patients and bio-sensing systems, artificial intelligence technologies need to be employed for patients' risk assessment, prioritization, and recommendation. Finally, we present an initial prototype of the system designed according to the proposed framework.
Description:
Modern healthcare systems are undergoing a paradigm shift from in-hospital care to in-home monitoring, leveraging the emerging technologies in the area of bio-sensing, wireless communication, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. In-home monitoring promises to significantly reduce healthcare spending by preventing unnecessary hospital admissions and visits to healthcare professionals. Most of the in-home monitoring systems, proposed in the literature, focus on monitoring a set of specific vital signs. However, from the perspective of caregivers it is infeasible to maintain a collection of specialized monitoring systems. In this paper, we view the problem of in-home monitoring from the perspective of caregivers and present a framework that supports various monitoring capabilities while making the complexity transparent to the end users. The essential idea of the framework is to define a 'general purpose architecture' where the system specifies a particular protocol for communication and makes it public. Then any bio-sensing system can communicate with the system as long as it conforms to the protocol. We then argue that as the system grows in terms of number of patients and bio-sensing systems, artificial intelligence technologies need to be employed for patients' risk assessment, prioritization, and recommendation. Finally, we present an initial prototype of the system designed according to the proposed framework.
Description:
Ballarat is best known as an exemplar mid-19th century Victorian gold rush city. It is located in the western region of the State of Victoria in Australia and is of state-wide importance being the largest inland city in the state and a major driver of regional growth and development. Ballarat is a city of communities, home to many diverse peoples, each contributing their own culture, ideas and aspirations to the city’s identity. Ballarat’s story is one of layered change over millions of years: the natural landscape formed 500 million years ago, whilst modern Indigenous people, the Wadawurrung and Dja Dja Wurrung, have deep connections to this ancestral country spanning back at least 50,000 years. Ballarat’s urban heritage and diverse community is more recent: it is one of the world’s most substantial and intact mid-19th century historic gold rush cities and one of the most important mass migrations of people during the search for gold. The intensity of this time is most evident in central Ballarat with the city’s urban form established during the first 20 years of the gold rush. Today, the city is considered the capital of Western Victoria and its key points of difference are its regional location and distinctive cultural identity. Ballarat is renowned for its intact historic streetscapes of public and commercial buildings, grand to humble housing, civic spaces, gardens and plantings. It is also acknowledged for its great lifestyle, significant cultural institutions and much loved calendar of festivals and events.
Description:
Ballarat is best known as an exemplar mid-19th century Victorian gold rush city. It is located in the western region of the State of Victoria in Australia and is of state-wide importance being the largest inland city in the state and a major driver of regional growth and development. Ballarat is a city of communities, home to many diverse peoples, each contributing their own culture, ideas and aspirations to the city’s identity. Ballarat’s story is one of layered change over millions of years: the natural landscape formed 500 million years ago, whilst modern Indigenous people, the Wadawurrung and Dja Dja Wurrung, have deep connections to this ancestral country spanning back at least 50,000 years. Ballarat’s urban heritage and diverse community is more recent: it is one of the world’s most substantial and intact mid-19th century historic gold rush cities and one of the most important mass migrations of people during the search for gold. The intensity of this time is most evident in central Ballarat with the city’s urban form established during the first 20 years of the gold rush. Today, the city is considered the capital of Western Victoria and its key points of difference are its regional location and distinctive cultural identity. Ballarat is renowned for its intact historic streetscapes of public and commercial buildings, grand to humble housing, civic spaces, gardens and plantings. It is also acknowledged for its great lifestyle, significant cultural institutions and much loved calendar of festivals and events.
Description:
Any discussion of remuneration practice must consider what, for most employees, is the primary component of their total remuneration, namely base pay. This chapter begins with a discussion of the general nature and logic of base pay, before considering two broad alternative approaches to configuring base pay – pay for the position (or ‘job-based’ base pay), and pay for personal skills and personal competencies (or ‘person-based’ base pay). It then provides evidence on the comparative incidence of job-, skill- and competency-based pay in various countries, noting that while the two person-based approaches have assumed growing importance in base pay practice in recent decades, the take-up of person-based practices varies considerably from country to country, sector to sector, organisation to organisation and occupation to occupation.Having considered the general differences between position-based and person-based base pay options, the chapter then turns to the more technical aspects of managing base pay systems. We briefly investigate options for structuring base pay. As we shall see, approaches based on the job, skills or competencies each have their own distinct structures and modes of pay progression. As well as coming to terms with these ways of structuring base pay, following the tenets of a strategic alignment approach to system design, we also seek to identify those organisational settings and management strategies for which each of these alternative structures might be most (and least) appropriate. Chapters 8 and 9 will then examine the steps involved in developing, implementing and maintaining position- and person-based systems.
Description:
Any discussion of remuneration practice must consider what, for most employees, is the primary component of their total remuneration, namely base pay. This chapter begins with a discussion of the general nature and logic of base pay, before considering two broad alternative approaches to configuring base pay – pay for the position (or ‘job-based’ base pay), and pay for personal skills and personal competencies (or ‘person-based’ base pay). It then provides evidence on the comparative incidence of job-, skill- and competency-based pay in various countries, noting that while the two person-based approaches have assumed growing importance in base pay practice in recent decades, the take-up of person-based practices varies considerably from country to country, sector to sector, organisation to organisation and occupation to occupation.Having considered the general differences between position-based and person-based base pay options, the chapter then turns to the more technical aspects of managing base pay systems. We briefly investigate options for structuring base pay. As we shall see, approaches based on the job, skills or competencies each have their own distinct structures and modes of pay progression. As well as coming to terms with these ways of structuring base pay, following the tenets of a strategic alignment approach to system design, we also seek to identify those organisational settings and management strategies for which each of these alternative structures might be most (and least) appropriate. Chapters 8 and 9 will then examine the steps involved in developing, implementing and maintaining position- and person-based systems.
Description:
When the Nobel prize-winning economist Joe Stiglitz visited Australia in 2010 he commended the Rudd Government’s policy response to the Global Financial Crisis as a proper and effective pre-emptive measure. The stimulus, which staved off any creeping sign of recession, bore a considerable Treasury imprint; and it could be said that the official family of economic advisers, that is, the Treasury and the Reserve Bank of Australia, were in their concerted action never so Keynesian in practice. It is appropriate then to visit the Keynesian revolution in post-war Australia recalling that three of the mandarins, Roland Wilson, John Crawford and H.C. ‘Nugget’ Coombs, were professionally trained economists. Moreover, as J.K. Galbraith reminds us, the Keynesian revolution was really a ‘mandarin revolution’, that is, an intellectually powered one.
Description:
When the Nobel prize-winning economist Joe Stiglitz visited Australia in 2010 he commended the Rudd Government’s policy response to the Global Financial Crisis as a proper and effective pre-emptive measure. The stimulus, which staved off any creeping sign of recession, bore a considerable Treasury imprint; and it could be said that the official family of economic advisers, that is, the Treasury and the Reserve Bank of Australia, were in their concerted action never so Keynesian in practice. It is appropriate then to visit the Keynesian revolution in post-war Australia recalling that three of the mandarins, Roland Wilson, John Crawford and H.C. ‘Nugget’ Coombs, were professionally trained economists. Moreover, as J.K. Galbraith reminds us, the Keynesian revolution was really a ‘mandarin revolution’, that is, an intellectually powered one.
Description:
Summary 1. The distributions of Collembola on the Warra-Mount Weld Altitudinal Transect were investigated based on samples taken from February–April 2001, November–December 2001 and January– February 2002. 2. The Collembola of the Warra-Mount Weld Altitudinal Transect was species rich with more than 40 species collected; the majority of species recorded have not been described. 3. Most of the species collected are considered endemic to Tasmania and some endemic genera were present. 4. The Malaise traps performed well indicating that a suite of species are arboreal and highly vagile. 5. No exotic (introduced, alien) species were detected in this study indicating that the area sampled has been little disturbed and is of high conservation value. 6. Altitudinal trends were evident with a small number of species only occurring at the high altitudes and others only at low altitudes. Only a few species appeared to occur at all altitudes sampled. 7. Ordination plots showed that Collembola assemblages at lower altitude sites on the Warra transect were more similar to each other than those at the higher altitude sites on Mount Weld which formed three clusters: 1100; 1200 and 1300 m; and 800, 900 and 1000 m. 8. Mount Weld sites 600 and 700 m faunas were most similar to Warra sites so forming a continuum in altitudinal zonation between Warra and Mount Weld. 9. PERMANOVA analysis of monthly pitfall catches in 2001 and 2002 showed differences between months and altitudes on both transects and that the differences between months were more distinct at the lower altitude Warra sites than on the higher altitude Mount Weld sites. This difference was particularly marked for the month of February, which was the only month surveyed in both years. 10.Much of the change in faunal assemblages along the Warra and Mount Weld altitudinal transect seemed to be the result of changes in vegetation cover. The most abrupt faunal transitions took place across the tree line between 1000 and 1100 m and a smaller change from lowland forest to subalpine woodland on the Mount Weld transect. 11.Much material in the pitfalls was in very poor condition because of the long trapping time with unsuitable preservative so could not be identified to species but rough estimates were made of numbers of individuals in each family or genus.
Description:
Summary 1. The distributions of Collembola on the Warra-Mount Weld Altitudinal Transect were investigated based on samples taken from February–April 2001, November–December 2001 and January– February 2002. 2. The Collembola of the Warra-Mount Weld Altitudinal Transect was species rich with more than 40 species collected; the majority of species recorded have not been described. 3. Most of the species collected are considered endemic to Tasmania and some endemic genera were present. 4. The Malaise traps performed well indicating that a suite of species are arboreal and highly vagile. 5. No exotic (introduced, alien) species were detected in this study indicating that the area sampled has been little disturbed and is of high conservation value. 6. Altitudinal trends were evident with a small number of species only occurring at the high altitudes and others only at low altitudes. Only a few species appeared to occur at all altitudes sampled. 7. Ordination plots showed that Collembola assemblages at lower altitude sites on the Warra transect were more similar to each other than those at the higher altitude sites on Mount Weld which formed three clusters: 1100; 1200 and 1300 m; and 800, 900 and 1000 m. 8. Mount Weld sites 600 and 700 m faunas were most similar to Warra sites so forming a continuum in altitudinal zonation between Warra and Mount Weld. 9. PERMANOVA analysis of monthly pitfall catches in 2001 and 2002 showed differences between months and altitudes on both transects and that the differences between months were more distinct at the lower altitude Warra sites than on the higher altitude Mount Weld sites. This difference was particularly marked for the month of February, which was the only month surveyed in both years. 10.Much of the change in faunal assemblages along the Warra and Mount Weld altitudinal transect seemed to be the result of changes in vegetation cover. The most abrupt faunal transitions took place across the tree line between 1000 and 1100 m and a smaller change from lowland forest to subalpine woodland on the Mount Weld transect. 11.Much material in the pitfalls was in very poor condition because of the long trapping time with unsuitable preservative so could not be identified to species but rough estimates were made of numbers of individuals in each family or genus.
Description:
Over the past decade, increased policy attention on the consequences of demographic ageing in Australia has led to a more focused research agenda on ageing, greater funding opportunities and raised awareness and recognition of gerontology as an important field of study. Research capacity building efforts in ageing have been considerable and have improved collaboration between the policy, research and service sectors, raising expectations of research funding streams and translation of research into policy and practice. The discourse on ageing has also shifted gradually from a deficit model to focus more on healthy, active or productive ageing, indicating a broader multidisciplinary approach and more positive perceptions of ageing. This shift in focus has enabled social gerontology to flourish in Australia, with a number of ageing research centres having social gerontology streams. While much has been achieved over this period, there are ongoing challenges in sustaining the progress made to date and in building research capacity that has longer-term strategic prospects. This paper outlines Australia’s efforts to build research capacity in gerontology over the past decade, examining key successes and future challenges, with consideration of how this experience may be relevant to Asia.
Description:
Over the past decade, increased policy attention on the consequences of demographic ageing in Australia has led to a more focused research agenda on ageing, greater funding opportunities and raised awareness and recognition of gerontology as an important field of study. Research capacity building efforts in ageing have been considerable and have improved collaboration between the policy, research and service sectors, raising expectations of research funding streams and translation of research into policy and practice. The discourse on ageing has also shifted gradually from a deficit model to focus more on healthy, active or productive ageing, indicating a broader multidisciplinary approach and more positive perceptions of ageing. This shift in focus has enabled social gerontology to flourish in Australia, with a number of ageing research centres having social gerontology streams. While much has been achieved over this period, there are ongoing challenges in sustaining the progress made to date and in building research capacity that has longer-term strategic prospects. This paper outlines Australia’s efforts to build research capacity in gerontology over the past decade, examining key successes and future challenges, with consideration of how this experience may be relevant to Asia.
Description:
This chapter reports on the evaluation of Clever Health, an Australian e-health project. The evaluation took place from mid-2007 through 2010 and consisted of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to capture awareness, expectations, and use of Clever Health components-which included video-conferencing for patient care, professional development, and peer support-and to compare initial perceptions and expectations to perceived changes in awareness and uptake of Clever Health components. The study found that while use of components increased at a satisfactory pace, health services and professionals struggled with change management issues, which, in turn, impacted changing work practices. Findings suggest that it is imperative to address and integrate the human factors of e-health delivery in the rollout of future e-health programs. The study proposes a robust evaluation framework for future telemedicine projects that uses a patient-centred unit of analysis and examines the costs and benefits that accrue for different stakeholders.
Description:
This chapter reports on the evaluation of Clever Health, an Australian e-health project. The evaluation took place from mid-2007 through 2010 and consisted of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to capture awareness, expectations, and use of Clever Health components-which included video-conferencing for patient care, professional development, and peer support-and to compare initial perceptions and expectations to perceived changes in awareness and uptake of Clever Health components. The study found that while use of components increased at a satisfactory pace, health services and professionals struggled with change management issues, which, in turn, impacted changing work practices. Findings suggest that it is imperative to address and integrate the human factors of e-health delivery in the rollout of future e-health programs. The study proposes a robust evaluation framework for future telemedicine projects that uses a patient-centred unit of analysis and examines the costs and benefits that accrue for different stakeholders.
Description:
Slow living may not necessarily be limited to particular places, but there are, nonetheless, certain kinds of spaces that best facilitate slow living and the value of these arises from a consideration of their contexts in the deterritorialised global culture in which we live. (Parkins and Craig 2006, p.263
Description:
Slow living may not necessarily be limited to particular places, but there are, nonetheless, certain kinds of spaces that best facilitate slow living and the value of these arises from a consideration of their contexts in the deterritorialised global culture in which we live. (Parkins and Craig 2006, p.263
Description:
Aim. This article reports on a case study that inquired into how coaches' beliefs about and dispositions toward coaching that structure their practice were developed through long-term experience. Method. Focused on three coaches working at high performance levels in Victoria, Australia data was generated through three rounds of semi-structured interviews and observation over a three-month period. Results. The three coaches were from three diferent countries with the study highlighting the powerful influence of socio-cultural context on the construction of a coaching habitus and the ways in which it structurted their coaching.
Description:
Aim. This article reports on a case study that inquired into how coaches' beliefs about and dispositions toward coaching that structure their practice were developed through long-term experience. Method. Focused on three coaches working at high performance levels in Victoria, Australia data was generated through three rounds of semi-structured interviews and observation over a three-month period. Results. The three coaches were from three diferent countries with the study highlighting the powerful influence of socio-cultural context on the construction of a coaching habitus and the ways in which it structurted their coaching.
Description:
One could line up a suite of palaeoecological research papers published about Australian sites and, while they would not extend from Lake Wangoom to Lynch’s Crater, they would fill much of the pollen microscope laboratory at Monash University. In one way, that, in fact, would be the best place to start to assemble the bibliography, as many of the papers have emanated from Peter Kershaw and the long list of honours and postgraduate students he has supervised, his post-doctoral fellows and the palaeoecological diaspora that is the legacy of this legend from Littleborough.
Description:
One could line up a suite of palaeoecological research papers published about Australian sites and, while they would not extend from Lake Wangoom to Lynch’s Crater, they would fill much of the pollen microscope laboratory at Monash University. In one way, that, in fact, would be the best place to start to assemble the bibliography, as many of the papers have emanated from Peter Kershaw and the long list of honours and postgraduate students he has supervised, his post-doctoral fellows and the palaeoecological diaspora that is the legacy of this legend from Littleborough.
Description:
This chapter describes molecular mechanisms of DNA damage response (DDR) and presents flow- and image-assisted cytometric approaches to assess these mechanisms and measure the extent of DDR in individual cells. DNA damage was induced by cell treatment with oxidizing agents, UV light, DNA topoisomerase I or II inhibitors, cisplatin, tobacco smoke, and by exogenous and endogenous oxidants. Chromatin relaxation (decondensation) is an early event of DDR chromatin that involves modification of high mobility group proteins (HMGs) and histone H1 and was detected by cytometry by analysis of the susceptibility of DNA in situ to denaturation using the metachromatic fluorochrome acridine orange. Translocation of the MRN complex consisting of Meiotic Recombination 11 Homolog A (Mre11), Rad50 homolog, and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome 1 (NMR1) into DNA damage sites was assessed by laser scanning cytometry as the increase in the intensity of maximal pixel as well as integral value of Mre11 immunofluorescence. Examples of cytometric detection of activation of Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and Check 2 (Chk2) protein kinases using phospho-specific Abs targeting Ser1981 and Thr68 of these proteins, respectively are also presented. We also discuss approaches to correlate activation of ATM and Chk2 with phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 and histone H2AX on Ser139 as well as with cell cycle position and DNA replication. The capability of laser scanning cytometry to quantify individual foci of phosphorylated H2AX and/or ATM that provides more dependable assessment of the presence of DNA double-strand breaks is outlined. The new microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip platforms for interrogation of individual cells offer a novel approach for DDR cytometric analysis.
Description:
This chapter describes molecular mechanisms of DNA damage response (DDR) and presents flow- and image-assisted cytometric approaches to assess these mechanisms and measure the extent of DDR in individual cells. DNA damage was induced by cell treatment with oxidizing agents, UV light, DNA topoisomerase I or II inhibitors, cisplatin, tobacco smoke, and by exogenous and endogenous oxidants. Chromatin relaxation (decondensation) is an early event of DDR chromatin that involves modification of high mobility group proteins (HMGs) and histone H1 and was detected by cytometry by analysis of the susceptibility of DNA in situ to denaturation using the metachromatic fluorochrome acridine orange. Translocation of the MRN complex consisting of Meiotic Recombination 11 Homolog A (Mre11), Rad50 homolog, and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome 1 (NMR1) into DNA damage sites was assessed by laser scanning cytometry as the increase in the intensity of maximal pixel as well as integral value of Mre11 immunofluorescence. Examples of cytometric detection of activation of Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and Check 2 (Chk2) protein kinases using phospho-specific Abs targeting Ser1981 and Thr68 of these proteins, respectively are also presented. We also discuss approaches to correlate activation of ATM and Chk2 with phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 and histone H2AX on Ser139 as well as with cell cycle position and DNA replication. The capability of laser scanning cytometry to quantify individual foci of phosphorylated H2AX and/or ATM that provides more dependable assessment of the presence of DNA double-strand breaks is outlined. The new microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip platforms for interrogation of individual cells offer a novel approach for DDR cytometric analysis.