The history and evolving image of nursing
- Authors: Cruickshank, Mary , Paliadelis, Penny , Gazula, Swapnali , McAllister, Margaret
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The road to nursing Chapter 7 p. 99-116
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The traditional stereotypical image of a nurse is closely linked to that of Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing, who established a training system for nurses to teach them how to be completely dedicated to the taskes of care regardless of personal needs; dependent on and deferential to authorities such as medical doctors and matron supervisors; and modest and feminine. Of course, contemporary nursing is no longer a profession exclusive to females, and nor does nursing work predominantly involve dependent actions. However, these old ideas remain strong in the minds of the public and are often repeated in popular culture.
Transformative learning theory applications in health professional and nursing education : an umbrella review
- Authors: Ryan, Colleen , Cant, Robyn , McAllister, Margaret , Vanderburg, Robert , Batty, Craig
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Nurse education today Vol. 119, no. (2022), p. 105604
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: OBJECTIVES: This review intended to synthesise existing evidence on the application of transformative learning theory in nursing education. DESIGN: An umbrella review, or review of reviews. DATA SOURCES: Six databases were systematically searched: CINAHL, Cochrane Reviews, Ebscohost, OVID, ProQuest Central, and PubMed. The structured framework of PCC: Population/Concept/Context was employed to identify relevant literature, published in English between 2012 and March 1st, 2022. REVIEW METHODS: Elements of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guided this review. A modified version of the Johanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Synthesis was applied to determine final inclusions. RESULTS: Sixteen (16) reviews were included. Most reviews were scoping reviews. Nursing featured in 10 of the 16, medicine in half (8/16) and various allied health disciplines were reported in seven reviews. Studies reported on differing scholarly approaches to transformative learning theory. Curricula design and evaluation, developing leadership skills and a professional identity were common applications. Critical reflection and learning experiences that challenge students' and professionals' existing ideologies also featured. Few reviews reported on studies of models and tools for educators to guide them in applying the theory in lesson design and teaching practice. CONCLUSION: Applying transformative learning theory in curriculum design, program evaluation and healthcare professional education can be beneficial. There were reported successes and some critiques. Researchers should design more rigorous studies to evaluate the theory in practice and to develop and test frameworks that guide educators in teaching with transformative learning theory. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.