Controlling wind blown Lachnagrostis filiformis (fairy grass) seed heads in western Victoria
- Authors: Warnock, Andrew , Florentine, Singarayer , Graz, Patrick , Westbrooke, Martin
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at Fourth Victorian Weed Conference : Plants behaving badly - in agriculture and the environment, Mercure Hotel, Geelong, Victoria : 7th-8th October 2009
- Full Text:
- Description: 2003007372
Establishment, initial impact and persistence of parthenium summer rust puccinia melampodii in north Queensland
- Authors: Dhileepan, Kunjithapatham , Florentine, Singarayer , Lockett, Catherine
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at the 15th Australian Weeds Conference Papers and Proceedings, Adelaide : 24th September, 2006
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The partenium sumemr rust (puccinia melampodii dietel & holway, uredinals), native to Mexico, is a host-specific and highly damaging pathogen suited tio warmer weather conditions.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003001629
Dry lakes and drifting seed-heads : The ecology of fairy grass Lachnagrostis filiformis
- Authors: Gosney, Kathleen , Florentine, Singarayer , Hurst, Cameron
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at the15th Australian weeds conference, Adelaide : 24th September, 2006
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Lachnagrostis filiformis (frost) Trin, commonly known as fairly grass, is a native grass that has recently become a major concern for rural communities.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003001631
A unique weed problem — the control of fairy grass Lachnagrostis filiformis seedheads on Lake Learmonth in western Victoria
- Authors: Warnock, Andrew , Florentine, Singarayer , Graz, Patrick , Westbrooke, Martin
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at 16th Australian Weeds Conference: Weed management 2008 hot topics in the tropics, Cairns, Queensland : May 18th-22nd, 2008 p. 165-167
- Full Text:
- Description: The native fairy grass (Lachnagrostis filiformis (G. Forst.) Trin.) has colonised extensive areas of dry lake beds in western Victoria during the current drought. Large numbers of the plants’ detached mature panicles (seed heads) lodge against housing, fences, railway lines and other obstacles. This can be a fire hazard, degrades township aesthetics and creates a general nuisance to communities of lakeside towns. Current control measures are costly and only provide short-term solutions. A three-year study commencing in 2006 was designed to assess current and innovative control measures and develop a potential long-term management solution to the problem. Treatments applied to the bed of Lake Learmonth during the first year of the study included late-season glyphosate herbicide at two concentrations, late-season slashing, and seed broadcasting of two native species to reduce L. filiformis inflorescence biomass through competition. Slashing reduced L. filiformis inflorescence biomass and herbicide treatments successfully killed L. filiformis plants, while having no effect on germination of seed collected from sprayed plants. Although these treatments successfully limited the impact of L. filiformis on lakeside towns during the first year, the longer term efficiency is doubted. Treatment effects will be monitored over a further two years.
- Description: 2003006269
Arid land invasive weed Salvia verbenaca L. (wild sage) : Investigation into seedling emergence, soil seedbank, allelopathic effects, and germination
- Authors: Fisher, R. , Florentine, Singarayer , Westbrooke, Martin
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Twentieth Australian Weeds Conference
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: y Salvia verbenaca L., wild sage (Lamiaceae) is native to western and southern Europe. In Australia S. verbenaca is considered an environmental weed with high invasiveness often growing on disturbed sites: tracks, roadsides and around earth tanks. Little is known about the ecology of this invasive species in Australia. Therefore, our objectives in this study were to determine: (i) seedling emergence in relation to sowing depth, (ii) density ofsoilseed bank, (iii) allelopathic effects, (iv) favourable conditions for seed germination of three month old and nine years old seeds, and (v) seed longevity. Of four burial depths, only surface sown seeds germinated and survived. From the soil seedbank, S. verbenaca density was 343 ± 198 m−2. For the allelopathic effects of S. verbenaca, neither the extract nor the leachate inhibited germination of L. sativa; however, the growth of the radicle of seedlings was shown to decrease. Germination was highest at 20°C under 12 h light/12 h dark. Burial of seeds in the field prior to germination reduced viability over time. Germination of three month old seed wassignificantly less than nine year old seed. In conclusion, it is clear that S. verbenaca functions as a casual weed in arid and semi-arid environments of Australia. Understanding the plants’ ecological characteristics in this study will help us take appropriate control measures for this species.
Detection of Malleefowl Mounds from Point Cloud Data
- Authors: Parvin, Nahida , Awrangjeb, Mohammad , Irvin, Marc , Florentine, Singarayer , Murshed, Manzur , Lu, Guojun
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2021, Gold Coast, 29 November to 1 December 2021
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data have become cost and time-efficient means for estimating the size of timid fauna populations through the identification of artefacts that evidence their occurrence in a large, hostile geographic area. The unobtrusive detection method helps conservation managers to assess the stability of a population and to design appropriate conservation programs. Here we propose a mound (nest) detection method for Australia's native iconic bird, the Malleefowl, from point cloud data, which can be manipulated to act as a surrogate for population data. Existing detection methods are largely through manual observations, and are therefore not efficient for covering large and remote areas. The proposed mound detection method can identify mound feature based on height and intensity values provided by the point cloud data. Each candidate mound point is initially selected by applying a height threshold utilising the classified ground points and their corresponding digital elevation model (DEM). Then, another threshold based on intensity range derived from ground truth mound area analysis is applied on the extracted initial mound points to find the final candidate mound points. These extracted points are then used to generate a binary mask where the potential mound points are found sparse. To connect those points, a morphological filter is applied on the binary image and found the mound separated from other remaining non-mound objects. To obtain the mound from other non-mound objects, a morphological cleaning operation and a connected component analysis are carried out on the mask. The non-mound objects are removed from the mask utilising the area property of mound derived from the empirical analysis of ground-truth observations. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed technique is calculated based on ground truth. Although the mound shapes and structures are highly variable in nature, our height and intensity-based mound point extraction method detected 55 % of the ground-truthed mounds. © 2021 IEEE.
Finding needles in a haystack: an investigation of non-destructive method to detect the seeds of Chilean needle grass (Nassella Neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth) in round hay bales
- Authors: Weller, Sandra , Florentine, Singarayer , Ambrose, Graeme , Grech, Charles , McLaren, David
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 18th Australasian Weeds Conference p. 222-240
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Preserved fodder is a key component in modern agricultural practice. Hay bales are commonly provisioned for livestock. Unfortunately this is also a significant source of new weed infestations, including those of noxious species. Because hay bales may be of a low absolute value the usual approaches for weed control, for example herbicide treatment, may be expensive to apply and therefore not justified by the expected economic returns for this commodity. The methods of detecting weed seeds in bales that have been employed to date suffer from several deficiencies. These include the inefficiently long time needed for testing, loss of the commodity by overly destructive sampling methods and a serious potential for a lack of ecological representation for the presence of weeds. It is proposed that an alternative method, which is both potentially more rapid and more ecologically representative for detecting the presence of the seeds of noxious weeds in hay bales should be devised.
Detection, quantification and management of the dispersal of Nassella neesiana (Chilean Needle Grass) seeds in hay bales
- Authors: Weller, Sandra , Florentine, Singarayer , Ambrose, Graeme , Grech, Charles , McLaren, David
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at 17th Australasian Weeds Conference: New Frontiers in New Zealand, Together we can beat the weeds p. 428-430
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Summary This paper outlines a project that intends to investigate the link between the occurrences of weeds in pasture hay crops and weed seeds in bales. Noxious weed in particular pose a threat to the livelihoods of primary producers in this manner. As an example of a noxious weed, this project will investigate Nassella neesiana, Chilean needle grass. This species is a restricted (noxious) weed that infests roadsides, native grasslands and pastures that may be baled for hay. In Victoria it has the potential to cause significant economic harm to agricultural areas and the trade in fodder and hay. This project aims to develop methods for the detection of weed seeds in hay bales and provide more information about the role of hay machinery in their spread. Later, we will investigate the extent of seed shedding from hay bales during transportation by road. This project will attempt to correlate the percentage cover of N. neesiana prior to harvest with the seed content of bales. Trial core samples from bales indicate that seeds of N. neesiana and other grass species were present. However, a correlation has not yet been established between weed biomass and the seed content of bales.