A therapist-assisted cognitive behavior therapy internet intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder: Pre-, post- and 3-month follow-up results from an open trial
- Authors: Klein, Britt , Mitchell, Joanna , Abbott, Jo-Anne , Shandley, Kerrie , Austin, David , Gilson, Kathryn , Kiropoulos, Litza , Cannard, Gwenda , Redman, Tomi
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol. 24, no. 6 (2010), p. 635-644
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This study was an open trial evaluation of a 10-week therapist-assisted cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) internet intervention (PTSD Online) undertaken with people with a primary clinical diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n= 22) at pre-assessment. Participants were re-assessed at post-assessment and 3-month follow-up. Significant improvements on PTSD severity ratings and related PTSD symptomatology were observed at post-assessment and maintained at 3-month follow-up. At post-assessment, 69.2% of the sample showed clinically significant improvement and 77% of the sample at follow-up assessment. Non-significant, yet improved, change was observed on all other general psychological measures. Overall, treatment satisfaction was good (69%), participant therapeutic alliance ratings were high (87.5%), and the average total therapist time required was 194.5. min. PTSD Online appears to be an efficacious treatment option for people with PTSD that can be provided entirely remotely, with far less therapist time than traditional face-to-face treatment, and without compromising therapeutic alliance. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Acupuncture : a promising approach for Comorbid depression and insomnia in perimenopause
- Authors: Zhao, Fei , Fu, Qiang-Aiang , Spencer, Sarah , Kennedy, Gerard , Conduit, Russell , Zhang, Wen-Jing , Zheng, Zhen
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nature and Science of Sleep Vol. 13, no. (2021), p. 1823-1863
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- Description: Comorbid depression and insomnia are ubiquitous mental complaints among women going through the perimenopausal stage of life and can result in major decline in quality of life. Antidepressive agents combined with/without hypnotics, and/or hormone therapy are currently the most common treatment for perimenopausal depression (PMD) and insomnia (PMI). Balancing the benefits of these pharmacotherapies against the risk of adverse events (AEs) is a difficult task for both clinicians and women. There has been a growing body of research regarding the utilization of acupuncture for treatment of PMD or PMI, whereas no studies of acupuncture for comorbid PMD and PMI have appeared. In this review, we summarize the clinical and preclinical evidence of acupuncture as a treatment for PMD or PMI, and then discuss the potential mechanisms involved and the role of acupuncture in helping women during this transition. Most clinical trials indicate that acupuncture ameliorates not only PMD/PMI but also climacteric symptoms with minimal AEs. It also regulates serum hormone levels. The reliability of trials is however limited due to methodological flaws in most studies. Rodent studies suggest that acupuncture prolongs total sleep time and reduces depression-like behavior in PMI and PMD models, respectively. These effects are possibly mediated through multiple mechanisms of action, including modulating sex hormones, neurotransmitters, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis/hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis, oxidative stress, signaling pathways, and other cellular events. In conclusion, acupuncture is a promising therapeutic strategy for comorbid depression and insomnia during perimenopause. Neuroendocrine modulation is likely to play a major role in mediating those effects. High-quality trials are required to further validate acupuncture’s effectiveness. © 2021 Zhao et al.
Acupuncture as an independent or adjuvant management to standard care for perimenopausal depression : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors: Zhao, Fei , Fu, Qiang-Qiang , Kennedy, Gerard , Conduit, Russell , Zhang, Wen-Jing , Zheng, Zhen
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 12, no. (2021), p.
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- Description: Background: Many women with perimenopausal depression (PMD) have sought alternative therapies such as acupuncture because of concerns about risks associated with antidepressant and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This systematic review aimed to clarify if acupuncture is effective for PMD compared with waitlist control or placebo/sham acupuncture, and if acupuncture alone or combined with standard care (antidepressant and/or HRT) is more effective in ameliorating PMD in comparison with standard care alone. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PMD treatment via acupuncture vs. waitlist control or placebo/sham acupuncture, and RCTs of PMD treatment via acupuncture alone or combined with Western pharmacotherapy vs. Western pharmacotherapy were searched for from seven databases from inception to December 2020. Cochrane criteria were followed. Results: Twenty-five studies involving 2,213 women were analyzed. Meta-analyses indicated that acupuncture significantly reduced the global scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.54, 95% CI (−0.91, −0.16), p < 0.01], compared with standard care. The therapeutic effect of acupuncture maintained at 2-, 4-, and 12-week follow-ups. Acupuncture combined with standard care was more effective than standard care alone in decreasing HAMD scores [SMD = −0.82, 95% CI (−1.07, −0.58), p < 0.01]. Too few RCTs were available to assess the clinical efficacy differences between acupuncture and placebo/sham acupuncture or HRT alone. Acupuncture also showed better effects in decreasing Kupperman index (KI) scores, whether compared with antidepressant alone [MD = −4.55, 95% CI (−8.46, −0.65), p = 0.02] or antidepressant combined with HRT [MD = −0.89, 95% CI (−1.34, −0.43), p < 0.01]. Conclusions: In comparison with standard care, acupuncture alone or combined with standard care was associated with significant improvements in PMD and reductions of other menopausal symptoms. This finding suggests that acupuncture may be a useful addition to treatment for PMD. © Copyright © 2021 Zhao, Fu, Kennedy, Conduit, Zhang and Zheng.
ADHD bifactor model based on parent and teacher ratings of Malaysian children
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 8, no. 1 (2014), p. 47-51
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An online psychological intervention can improve the sexual satisfaction of men following treatment for localized prostate cancer : Outcomes of a randomised controlled trial evaluating my road ahead
- Authors: Wootten, Addie C , Meyer, Denny , Abbott, Jo-Anne , Chisholm, Katherine , Austin, David , Klein, Britt , McCabe, Marita , Murphy, Declan G , Costello, Anthony
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Psycho-Oncology Vol. 26, no. 7 (2016), p. 975-981
- Full Text: false
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- Description: BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer treatment often results in significant psycho-sexual challenges for men following treatment; however, many men report difficulty in accessing appropriate care. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was undertaken to assess the efficacy of a 10-week self-guided online psychological intervention called My Road Ahead (MRA) for men with localized prostate cancer in improving sexual satisfaction. Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 conditions MRA alone or MRA plus online forum, or forum access alone. Pre, post, and follow-up assessments of overall sexual satisfaction were conducted. Mixed models and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: One hundred forty-two men (mean age 61 y; SD = 7) participated. The majority of participants had undergone radical prostatectomy (88%) and all men had received treatment for localized prostate cancer. Significant differences were obtained for the 3 groups (P = .026) and a significant improvement in total sexual satisfaction was observed only for participants who were allocated to MRA + forum with a large effect size (P = .004, partial eta2 = 0.256). Structural equation modeling indicated that increases in sexual function, masculine self-esteem, and sexual confidence contributed significantly to overall sexual satisfaction for the MRA + forum plus forum condition. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first, to our knowledge, that has evaluated a self-guided online psychological intervention tailored to the specific needs of men with prostate cancer. The findings indicate the potential for MRA to deliver support that men may not otherwise receive and also highlight the importance of psychological intervention to facilitate improved sexual outcomes.
Antidepressant side effects and their impact on treatment outcome in people with major depressive disorder : an iSPOT-D report
- Authors: Braund, Taylor , Tillman, Gabriel , Palmer, Donna , Gordon, Evian , Rush, A. , Harris, Anthony
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Translational Psychiatry Vol. 11, no. 1 (2021), p.
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- Description: Side effects to antidepressant medications are common and can impact the prognosis of successful treatment outcome in people with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, few studies have investigated the severity of side effects over the course of treatment and their association with treatment outcome. Here we assessed the severity of side effects and the impact of treatment type and anxiety symptoms over the course of treatment, as well as whether side effects were associated with treatment outcome. Participants were N = 1008 adults with a current diagnosis of single-episode or recurrent, nonpsychotic MDD. Participants were randomised to receive escitalopram, sertraline, or venlafaxine-extended release with equal probability and reassessed at 8 weeks regarding Hamilton Rating Scale Depression (HRSD17) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR16) remission and response. Severity of side effects were assessed using the Frequency, Intensity, and Burden of Side Effects Rating (FIBSER) scale and assessed at day 4 and weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8. Frequency, intensity, and burden of side effects were greatest at week 2, then only frequency and intensity of side effects gradually decreased up to week 6. Treatment type and anxiety symptoms did not impact the severity of side effects. A greater burden—but not frequency or intensity—of side effects was associated with poorer treatment outcome and as early as 4 days post-treatment. Together, this work provides an informative mapping of the progression of side effects throughout the treatment course and their association with treatment outcome. Importantly, the burden of side effects that are present as early as 4 days post-treatment predicts poorer treatment outcome and should be monitored closely. iSPOT-D: Registry name: ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT00693849. © 2021, The Author(s).
Anxiety disorders and all-cause mortality : Systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Bulley, Adam , Bandeen-Roche, Karen , Eaton, William , Goncalves-Bradley, Daniela. C.
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Vol. 51, no. 11 (2016), p. 1467-1475
- Full Text: false
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- Description: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies that examined the relationship between anxiety disorders, or clinically significant anxiety symptoms, at baseline and all-cause mortality at follow-up relative to control participants without clinically significant anxiety. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL were searched through July 2015, along with manual searches of published reviews and forward and backward snowball searches of included studies. Studies were excluded if anxiety was not defined with a standardized instrument, or if participants were followed-up for 1 year or less. The initial search yielded 7901 articles after the removal of duplicates, of which 328 underwent full-text screening. RESULTS: Forty-two estimates from 36 articles were included in the meta-analysis with a total sample of 127,552 participants and over 11,573 deaths. The overall hazard ratio (HR) estimate of mortality in clinically anxious participants relative to controls was 1.09 (95 % CI 1.01-1.16); however, this was reduced after adjusting for publication bias (1.03; 95 % CI 0.95-1.13). There was no evidence of increased mortality risk among anxious participants derived from community samples (0.99; 95 % CI 0.96-1.02) and in studies that adjusted for a diagnosis of depression (1.01; 95 % CI 0.96-1.06). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that positive associations in the literature are attributable to studies in smaller samples, comorbid depression (or other psychiatric conditions) among participants, and possible confounding in medical patient samples followed-up for short durations.
Clinical significance of worry and physical symptoms in late-life generalized anxiety disorder
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Pachana, Nancy
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Vol. 30, no. 12 (2015), p. 1186-1194
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- Description: Objective Worry is a hallmark feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, age-related changes in symptom presentation raise questions about the clinical significance of these symptom clusters in later life. The aim of this study was to explore the relative contribution of worry and physical symptom frequency to clinical significance associated with late-life GAD. Methods A sample of 637 self-reported worriers (aged 65 years and older) was extracted from Wave 1 of the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Results Consistent with previous findings, we observed reductions in worry frequency and increases in physical symptom frequency with increasing age of participants. Physical symptoms, but not worry symptoms, distinguished older adults with clinical and sub-threshold GAD. Whereas physical symptom count was associated with distress, occupational, and functional disability, worry count was only associated with distress. Conclusions Among self-reported worriers, worry frequency provides limited clinical utility over and above physical symptom frequency. These findings suggest that physical symptom frequency may become an increasingly important feature of GAD in later life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COVID-19 related psychological distress, fear and coping : identification of high-risk groups in Bangladesh
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Rahman, Shaila , Wazib, Amit , Salehin, Masudus , Cross, Wendy
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 12, no. (2021), p. 718654
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- Description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed psychological distress and fear across the globe; however, factors associated with those issues or the ways people cope may vary by country or context. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with psychological distress, fear, and coping strategies for people living in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in August-September 2020 using online platforms in Bangladesh. People residing in Bangladesh, aged ≥18 years, who were proficient in English and able to respond to online questionnaire. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale was used to assess the psychological stress. Level of fear was assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and strategies to cope were assessed using the Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Results: Of the 962 participants, half of them were aged between 30 and 59 years. Being born in Bangladesh, having graduate education, perceived distress due to employment change, effect of COVID-19 on financial situation, having multiple comorbidities, and visiting a healthcare provider in the last 4 weeks were associated with higher levels of both psychological distress and fear of COVID-19. Furthermore, higher psychological distress was associated with being a female (AOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.33–2.47, p < 0.001), being a frontline worker (AOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.04–2.15, p < 0.05), having pre-existing psychiatric problems (AOR 4.03, 95% CI 1.19–13.7, p < 0.05), being a smoker (AOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.32–3.09, p < 0.01), providing care to a known/suspected COVID-19 patient (AOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.40–2.72, p < 0.001), having a recent overseas travel history and being in self-quarantine (AOR 4.59, 95% CI 1.23–17.2, p < 0.05), self-isolation without COVID-19 (AOR 2.63, 95% CI 1.68–4.13, p < 0.001) or being COVID-19 positive (AOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.19–5.34, p < 0.05), and having high levels of fear of COVID-19 (AOR 3.27, 95% CI 2.29–4.66, p < 0.001). A higher level of fear was associated with moderate to high levels of psychological distress (AOR 3.29, 95% CI 2.31–4.69, p < 0.001). People with pre-existing mental health problems were less likely to be resilient (AOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.11–0.54, p < 0.01), whereas those with having an income were more likely to be resilient (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02–2.11, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Effective interventions to support the vulnerable groups including improved access to mental health services are of utmost importance during the pandemic. © Copyright © 2021 Rahman, Rahman, Wazib, Arafat, Chowdhury, Uddin, Rahman, Bahar Moni, Alif, Sultana, Salehin, Islam, Cross and Bahar. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Masudus Salehin, Wendy Cross" is provided in this record**
Factor structure of parent and teacher ratings of the ODD symptoms for Malaysian primary school children
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 25, no. (2017), p. 22-26
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This present study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the applicability of one-, two- three- and second order Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) factor models, proposed in previous studies, in a group of Malaysian primary school children. These models were primarily based on parent reports. In the current study, parent and teacher ratings of the ODD symptoms were obtained for 934 children. For both groups of respondents, the findings showing some support for all models examined, with most support for a second order model with Burke et al. (2010) three factors (oppositional, antagonistic, and negative affect) as the primary factors. The diagnostic implications of the findings are discussed. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
Greek validation of the factor structure and longitudinal measurement invariance of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire-self report (SDQ-SR) : exploratory structural equation modelling
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Motti-Stefanidi, Frosso , Jordan, Scott , Stavropoulos, Vasileios
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Child Psychiatry and Human Development Vol. 52, no. 5 (2021), p. 880-890
- Full Text: false
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- Description: The study examined the factor structure and longitudinal measurement invariance over three time points (1-year apart) of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Self Report (SDQ-SR) for ratings provided by adolescents in Greece. It used exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) to achieve these two goals. At time point one, a total of 968 adolescents (males = 508, and females = 460) between 12 and 17.9 years completed the SDQ-SR. In relation to factor structure, ESEM tested the fit of one- to five-factor models. The findings were interpreted as indicating most support for the ESEM model with three factors (the factors being dysregulation, peer problems, and prosocial behaviour). This model showed support for configural invariance and full metric invariance across the three time points. Except for two thresholds, all other thresholds were also invariant across the three time points. Thus, there was good support for longitudinal measurement invariance. The implications of the findings for use of the SDQ-SR are discussed. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
In search of the optimum structural model for internet gaming disorder
- Authors: Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Gomez, Rapson , Griffiths, Mark
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Psychiatry Vol. 21, no. 1 (2021), p.
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- Description: Background: Internet gaming Disorder (IGD) constitutes a recently proposed clinical disorder (American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 2013). The present study examined if IGD is best conceptualized as categorical (present/absent), or dimensional (severity ranging from low to high), or both (i.e., hybrid of categorical/dimensional). Methods: Ratings of the nine DSM-5 IGD symptoms, as presented in the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale 9-Short Form (Pontes & Griffiths, Comput Hum Behav 45:137-143, 2015), from 738 gamers, aged 17 to 72 years, were collected. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), latent class analysis (LCA), and factor mixture modelling analysis (FMMA) procedures were applied to determine the optimum IGD model. Results: Although the findings showed most support for a FFMA model with two classes and one factor, there was also good statistical and substantive support for the one-factor CFA model, and the LCA model with three classes. Conclusion: It was concluded that while the optimum structure of IGD is most likely to be a hybrid model (i.e., concurrently categorical and dimensional), a uni-dimensional model and/or a three-class categorical model are also plausible. © 2021, The Author(s).
Influence of core competence on voice behavior of clinical nurses : a multicenter cross-sectional study
- Authors: Guo, Yufang , Wang, Xinxin , Plummer, Virginia , Cross, Wendy , Lam, Louisa , Wang, Shuangshuang
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Psychology Research and Behavior Management Vol. 14, no. (2021), p. 501-510
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- Description: Background: Voice behavior, referred to as a positive guarantee for organizational development, is influenced by several kinds of individual, collective and organizational features. However, the impact of individual competence on voice behavior is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the status quo of core competence and voice behavior of clinical nurses and explore the impact of core competence on nurses’ voice behavior. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey. A total of 1717 nurses were recruited from nine tertiary and secondary hospitals between March and June 2019. An online questionnaire, including socio-demographic variables, employee voice behavior scale and competence inventory for registered nurses, was used to investigate prohibitive and promotive voice behavior and core competence of clinical nurses. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression were performed in the data analysis. Results: The mean score for prohibitive and promotive voice behavior of nurses were 3.46 (SD 0.77) and 3.46 (SD 0.88), respectively. The mean score for core competence was 2.46 (SD 0.77). Critical thinking/research aptitude was the most important predictor for both prohibitive and promotive voice behavior (each p < 0.05), but its influence on promotive voice behavior was greater (p < 0.05). Leadership was another significant predictor for prohibitive voice behavior (p < 0.05). Legal/ethical practice, teaching-coaching, professional development and shift work were other predictors for promotive voice behavior (each p < 0.05). Conclusion: Clinical nurses experience modest levels of prohibitive and promotive voice behavior and their core competence is moderate. Core competence, especially critical thinking/research aptitude, impacts significantly on voice behavior of clinical nurses. Cultivating nurses’ core competence could positively increase their voice behavior for organizational development. © 2021 Guo et al.
Is internet-based CBT for panic disorder and agoraphobia as effective as face-to-face CBT?
- Authors: Kiropoulos, Litza , Klein, Britt , Austin, David , Gilson, Kathryn , Pier, Ciaran , Mitchell, Joanna , Ciechomski, Lisa
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol. 22, no. 8 (2008), p. 1273-1284
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study compared Panic Online (PO), an internet-based CBT intervention, to best-practice face-to-face CBT for people with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Eighty-six people with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder were recruited from Victoria, Australia. Participants were randomly assigned to either PO (n=46) or best practice face-to-face CBT (n=40). Effects of the internet-based CBT program were found to be comparable to those of face-to-face CBT. Both interventions produced significant reductions in panic disorder and agoraphobia clinician severity ratings, self reported panic disorder severity and panic attack frequency, measures of depression, anxiety, stress and panic related cognitions, and displayed improvements in quality of life. Participants rated both treatment conditions as equally credible and satisfying. Participants in the face-to-face CBT treatment group cited higher enjoyment with communicating with their therapist. Consistent with this, therapists' ratings for compliance to treatment and understanding of the CBT material was higher in the face-to-face CBT treatment group. PO required significantly less therapist time than the face-to-face CBT condition.
Longitudinal association between social anxiety disorder and incident alcohol use disorder : Results from two national samples of US adults
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Van Doorn, George
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Vol. 54, no. 4 (2019), p. 469-475
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study assessed the association between subclinical social fears and a 12-month diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) at baseline and the risk of incident Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) at follow-up, compared to those without subclinical social fears and a 12-month diagnosis of SAD. We performed an individual participant meta-analysis based on data from two national longitudinal surveys. Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) was conducted in 2001–2002 in a sample of 43,093 adults and Wave 2 was conducted in 2004–2005 in 34,653 of the original respondents. Wave 1 of the National Comorbidity Survey was conducted in 1990–1992 in a sample of 8098 respondents and Wave 2 was conducted in 2001–2002 in 5001 of the original respondents. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed independently in each study and then the effect estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Neither subclinical social fears nor 12-month SAD at baseline were associated with incident AUD at follow-up. These findings conflict with reports of previous studies that a diagnosis of SAD is a risk factor for AUD in adults, and suggest that subclinical social fears are not associated with differential risk of incident AUD.
Malaysian parent and teacher ratings of the oppositional defiant disorder symptoms : Measurement invariance and parent-teacher agreement
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 11, no. (2014), p. 35-38
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the measurement invariance and agreement across parent and teacher ratings of the DSM-IV-TR oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms. METHOD: Malaysian parents and teachers of 934 children (between 6 and 11 years of age) completed rating scales comprising the ODD symptoms. RESULTS: Findings showed support for full measurement invariance (configural, metric and thresholds). Additional results indicated low parent-teacher agreement for all symptoms. DISCUSSION: The theoretical and clinical and implications of these findings are discussed.
Modification of the body sensations interpretation questionnaire (BSIQ-M) : Validity and reliability
- Authors: Austin, David , Richards, Jeffrey , Klein, Britt
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol. 20, no. 2 (2006), p. 237-251
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The catastrophic misinterpretation model [Behav. Res. Ther. 24 (1986) 461-470] proposes that panic attacks result from misinterpretation of interoceptive stimuli as precursors to physical or psychological emergency. Inconclusive evidence for the model may be partly explained by limitations of the questionnaires developed to measure catastrophic misinterpretation. For example, the Body Sensations Interpretation Questionnaire (BSIQ) is unable to clarify whether anxiety-related interpretations of ambiguous interoceptive stimuli represent catastrophic misinterpretations or responses masking feared outcomes (e.g., heart failure). Additionally, it lacks items relating to several DSM-IV criteria for panic, thereby limiting content validity. Reliability is also potentially compromised due to experimenter-coding of participant-generated responses. A modified form of the BSIQ was developed to address these limitations and evaluated with non-anxious controls (n=34) and people with panic disorder (n=38). The revised questionnaire demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and construct validity and is a useful development of the BSIQ.
Repeated long-term sub-concussion impacts induce motor dysfunction in rats : a potential rodent model
- Authors: Lavender, Andrew , Rawlings, Samuel , Warnock, Andrew , McGonigle, Terry , Hiles-Murison, Bailey , Nesbit, Michael , Lam, Virginie , Hackett, Mark , Fitzgerald, Melinda , Takechi, Ryusuke
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 11, no. (2020), p.
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Whilst detrimental effects of repeated sub-concussive impacts on neurophysiological and behavioral function are increasingly reported, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report that repeated sub-concussion with a light weight drop (25 g) in wild-type PVG rats for 2 weeks does not induce detectable neuromotor dysfunction assessed by beamwalk and rotarod tests. However, after 12 weeks of repeated sub-concussion, the rats exhibited moderate neuromotor dysfunction. This is the first study to demonstrate development of neuromotor dysfunction following multiple long-term sub-concussive impacts in rats. The outcomes may offer significant opportunity for future studies to understand the mechanisms of sub-concussion-induced neuropsychological changes. © Copyright © 2020 Lavender, Rawlings, Warnock, McGonigle, Hiles-Murison, Nesbit, Lam, Hackett, Fitzgerald and Takechi.
Responsible gambling among older adults : a qualitative exploration
- Authors: Subramaniam, Mythily , Satghare, Pratika , Vaingankar, Janhavi , Picco, Louisa , Browning, Colette , Chong, Siow , Thomas, Shane
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Psychiatry Vol. 17, no. 1 (2017), p.
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Responsible gambling (RG) is defined as gambling for pleasure and entertainment but with an awareness of the likelihood of losing, an understanding of the associated risks and the ability to exercise control over one's gambling activity. The current study describes a qualitative approach to explore RG among older adults (aged 60 years and above) in Singapore and reports on the cognitive and behavioural strategies employed by them to regulate their gambling. Methods: Inclusion criteria included Singapore residents aged 60 years and above, who could speak in English, Chinese, Malay or Tamil and were current or past regular gamblers. Participants were recruited using a combination of network and purposive sampling. Socio-demographic information on age, age of onset of gambling, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education and employment was collected. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) was used to collect information on gambling activities and problems associated with gambling behaviour. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 older adults (60 years and above) who currently gambled. The data was analyzed using thematic network analysis. Results: This global theme of RG comprised two organising themes: self -developed strategies to limit gambling related harm and family interventions to reduce gambling harm. The basic themes included delayed gratification, perception of futility of gambling, setting limits, maintaining balance, help-seeking and awareness of disordered gambling in self or in others. Family interventions included pleading and threatening, compelling help-seeking as well as family exclusion order. Conclusions: The study highlights the significant role that families play in Asian societies in imposing RG. Education of family members both in terms of the importance of RG, and communication of the ways in which older adults can incorporate RG behaviours including the use of exclusion in specific scenarios is important. © 2017 The Author(s).
Teacher ratings of ODD symptoms: Measurement equivalence across Malaysian Malay, Chinese and Indian children
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 8, no. 1 (2014), p. 52-55
- Full Text:
- Description: Background The study examined the measurement equivalence for teacher ratings across Malaysian Malay, Chinese and Indian children. Methods Malaysian teachers completed ratings of the ODD symptoms for 574 Malay, 247 Chinese and 98 Indian children. Results The results supported the equivalences for the configural, metric, and error variances models, and the equivalences for ODD latent variances and mean scores. Discussion Together, these findings suggest good support for measurement and structural equivalences of the ODD symptoms across these ethnic groups. The theoretical and clinical implications of the findings for cross-cultural equivalence of the ODD symptoms are discussed.