Blockchain leveraged decentralized IoT eHealth framework
- Authors: Uddin, Ashraf , Stranieri, Andrew , Gondal, Iqbal , Balasubramanian, Venki
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Internet of Things Vol. 9, no. March 2020 p. 100159
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- Description: Blockchain technologies recently emerging for eHealth, can facilitate a secure, decentral- ized and patient-driven, record management system. However, Blockchain technologies cannot accommodate the storage of data generated from IoT devices in remote patient management (RPM) settings as this application requires a fast consensus mechanism, care- ful management of keys and enhanced protocols for privacy. In this paper, we propose a Blockchain leveraged decentralized eHealth architecture which comprises three layers: (1) The Sensing layer –Body Area Sensor Networks include medical sensors typically on or in a patient body transmitting data to a smartphone. (2) The NEAR processing layer –Edge Networks consist of devices at one hop from data sensing IoT devices. (3) The FAR pro- cessing layer –Core Networks comprise Cloud or other high computing servers). A Patient Agent (PA) software replicated on the three layers processes medical data to ensure reli- able, secure and private communication. The PA executes a lightweight Blockchain consen- sus mechanism and utilizes a Blockchain leveraged task-offloading algorithm to ensure pa- tient’s privacy while outsourcing tasks. Performance analysis of the decentralized eHealth architecture has been conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the system in the pro- cessing and storage of RPM data.
A cross-layer approach for QoS topology control in wireless ad hoc networks
- Authors: Rokonuzzaman, S. K. , Pose, Ronald , Gondal, Iqbal
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: TENCON 2009 - 2009 IEEE Region 10 Conference
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- Description: Wireless ad hoc networks using omni-directional antennas do not scale well due to interference between nearby nodes. Maintaining the QoS of the communications in this type of network is a difficult task. Using multiple narrow beam directional antennas alleviates this problem at the expense of connectivity. Multi-beam smart antennas allow the network topology to be adjusted dynamically by adjusting the beamwidth and beam directions to minimize interference and to maximize the number of possible concurrent network communications. This in turn helps to maintain the QoS of the communications. QoS routing has long been used to meet the user requirements by finding appropriate paths to the destinations. We extend this concept to create an adaptive QoS topology control (AQTC) system using smart antennas. We use a cross-layer approach to control the topology dynamically where the topology control layer sits between the MAC and the routing protocol. The performance of our protocol has been evaluated using extensive simulations. Simulation results show that different topologies for a set of communications perform differently. AQTC always forms a topology to facilitate the current communications and improves the network throughput and end-to-end delay.
A cross-layer approach for using multiple radio channels with directional beams in a suburban Ad Hoc network
- Authors: Rokonuzzaman, S. K. , Pose, Ronald , Gondal, Iqbal
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Australasian Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference
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- Description: The capacity of wireless ad hoc networks can be increased by using multiple radio channels. But due to interference the capacity is still not fully utilized. This is caused by the limited number of available radio channels. The interference problem can be reduced using directional beams instead of omni-directional beams. This paper presents a novel cross-layer approach to use multiple radio channels with directional antennas. We are using three different radio channels. Each node has three fixed directional beams having fixed beamwidth and with different radio frequency. Two nodes can communicate when both the sending and receiving beams are pointing towards each other using the same frequency channel. In this study the directions of beams cannot be changed dynamically. A modified version of Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been used. Simulation results show that our approach outperforms other methods using three different radio channels with omni-directional antennas
A framework for a QoS based adaptive topology control system for wireless ad hoc networks with multibeam smart antennas
- Authors: Rokonuzzaman, S. K. , Pose, Ronald , Gondal, Iqbal
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings
- Full Text: false
- Description: Wireless ad hoc networks are self-configurable distributed systems. One of the major problems in traditional wireless ad hoc networks is interference. The interference could be reduced using smart directional antennas. In this study, multibeam smart antennas have been used. When using this type of antenna, two nodes can communicate when both the sending and receiving beams are pointing towards each other. Also, a node can only communicate with a subset of nodes in its neighborhood depending on the number of beams and their beamwidth. Thus, the network topology needs to be dynamic in this case, and by controlling the topology network, performance can be increased. In this paper, we present a framework of a cross layer approach of topology control that interacts with the routing layer and MAC layer and meets the required QoS of different data streams. The approach is fully distributed. When the network is initialized, the algorithm builds an initial connected topology and the routing algorithm uses this topology to find paths for the current communications. Then, depending on the network scenario, current communications and the required QoS, the topology control layer changes the topology to optimize the network performance. This study concerns suburban ad hoc networks (SAHN) where nodes tend to be fixed and are aware of their locations.
Context aware vertical soft handoff algorithm for heterogeneous wireless networks
- Authors: Yang, Kemeng , Gondal, Iqbal , Qiu, Bin
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Proceedings of the 68th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference p. 1266-1270
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- Description: Soft handoff in WCDMA systems allows multi connection between the user and base stations during handoff, in contrast to single connection in hard handoff. But multi connection flexibility leads to a trade-off between quality of service for the user and the system downlink capacity. The heterogeneous wireless networks consist of WCDMA and WLAN systems, which operate at different frequency with no direct interference. Therefore, a vertical soft handoff between downlink shared channels from WCDMA and WLAN will not suffer similar side effects as the horizontal soft handoff in WCDMA systems. In this paper, we present an analytical framework for vertical soft handoff and propose a context-aware vertical soft handoff algorithm (CAVSH) for heterogeneous wireless networks. CAVSH considers four user and system context parameters such as user required bandwidth, user traffic cost, access network utilization, and signal to interference-and-noise ratio (SINR). The results show that the proposed CAVSH can provide the system with lower dropping probability, lower average cost to the user and higher throughput, as compared with vertical hard handoff.
Multi-dimensional adaptive SINR based vertical handoff for heterogeneous wireless networks
- Authors: Yang, Kemeng , Gondal, Iqbal , Qiu, Bin
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Communications Letters Vol. 12, no. 6 (2008), p. 438-440
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Vertical handoff in next generation heterogeneous wireless networks is a multi-dimensional issue. In this article we propose a multi-dimensional adaptive SINR based vertical handoff algorithm (MASVH) which uses the combined effects of SINR, user required bandwidth, user traffic cost and utilization from participating access networks to make handoff decisions for multi-attribute QoS consideration. Simulation results confirm that the new MASVH algorithm improves the system performance in terms of higher throughput and lower dropping probability, as well as reduces the user traffic cost for accessing the integrated wireless networks.