Lessons to learn, discourses to change, relationships to build : how decolonising race theory can articulate the interface between school leadership and Aboriginal students’ schooling experiences
- Burgess, Cathie, Fricker, Aleryk, Weuffen, Sara
- Authors: Burgess, Cathie , Fricker, Aleryk , Weuffen, Sara
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 50, no. 1 (2023), p. 111-129
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- Description: When conversations about Aboriginal student educational success emerge, they are usually focussed on the high levels of underachievement and disengagement. School leadership is seen as critical to contributing to student outcomes. For Aboriginal students, creating inclusive learning environments that support culture and identity, and building trusting relationships with families and community members are also critical goals. As part of the Aboriginal Voices project, this paper uses Decolonising Race Theory (Moodie, 2018) to analyse interviews with four Principals in urban, regional, and rural locations to understand their perceptions and experiences of leading Aboriginal education in schools. From the interviews, three key themes emerged: leading culture, identity and school–community relationships, leading curriculum, pedagogy and teacher development, and leading student participation and achievement. Decolonising Race Theory (Moodie, 2018) is applied as an analytical tool to view these themes through a critical Indigenous lens to understand the Principals’ discourses around Aboriginal student experiences at school and their role in improving outcomes. This revealed contradictory positionings within and between Principal comments, from blaming students and their families for their underachievement, to implementing cultural programmes to build confidence to become self-determining adults. This data provides new ways of thinking through discourses about Aboriginal students and their families, communities, schools, teachers and Principals, and challenges some of the ‘regimes of truth’ that position these groups in particular ways. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Burgess, Cathie , Fricker, Aleryk , Weuffen, Sara
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 50, no. 1 (2023), p. 111-129
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: When conversations about Aboriginal student educational success emerge, they are usually focussed on the high levels of underachievement and disengagement. School leadership is seen as critical to contributing to student outcomes. For Aboriginal students, creating inclusive learning environments that support culture and identity, and building trusting relationships with families and community members are also critical goals. As part of the Aboriginal Voices project, this paper uses Decolonising Race Theory (Moodie, 2018) to analyse interviews with four Principals in urban, regional, and rural locations to understand their perceptions and experiences of leading Aboriginal education in schools. From the interviews, three key themes emerged: leading culture, identity and school–community relationships, leading curriculum, pedagogy and teacher development, and leading student participation and achievement. Decolonising Race Theory (Moodie, 2018) is applied as an analytical tool to view these themes through a critical Indigenous lens to understand the Principals’ discourses around Aboriginal student experiences at school and their role in improving outcomes. This revealed contradictory positionings within and between Principal comments, from blaming students and their families for their underachievement, to implementing cultural programmes to build confidence to become self-determining adults. This data provides new ways of thinking through discourses about Aboriginal students and their families, communities, schools, teachers and Principals, and challenges some of the ‘regimes of truth’ that position these groups in particular ways. © 2022, The Author(s).
Navigating the neo-academy : experiences of liminality and identity construction among early career researchers at one Australian regional university
- Larsen, Ellen, Brandenburg, Robyn
- Authors: Larsen, Ellen , Brandenburg, Robyn
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 50, no. 4 (2023), p. 1069-1087
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- Description: Across the world, many university-based early career researchers (ECRs) are experiencing an unprecedented intensification of research expectations on transition from doctoral research to academic life. Countries such as Australia have put into place national frameworks of research excellence to remain globally competitive. Pressure on universities to elevate global research rankings has soared, with many regional universities and disciplines such as education responding with a rapid escalation of research performance expectations for academics. Consequently, concerns have been raised for ECRs embroiled in intensified research agendas in these contexts. Framed by concepts of liminality and identity construction, we argue that intensified expectations do not take account of liminality experienced by ECRs during times of transition, compromising perceived academic progress. We report on the identity journeys of ECRs in a School of Education at one regional Australian university. Data was collected from nine ECRs using online focus groups and analysed using a hybrid thematic approach. Key findings indicate that ECRs transition into the Academy post-doctorate with varying experiences of identity liminality that impact their capacity to manage research expectations. ECRs experiencing shorter periods of liminality are best positioned to manage the intensified expectations of academic life while ECRs experiencing persistent liminality and identity ‘struggle’ are more likely to perceive a diminished sense of achievement and support. These findings have significant implications for university leadership and research supervisors, in Australia and globally, regarding the ways they support ECRs to productively navigate the hyper-invigilated audit cultures of what we have termed the neo-academy. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Larsen, Ellen , Brandenburg, Robyn
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 50, no. 4 (2023), p. 1069-1087
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- Description: Across the world, many university-based early career researchers (ECRs) are experiencing an unprecedented intensification of research expectations on transition from doctoral research to academic life. Countries such as Australia have put into place national frameworks of research excellence to remain globally competitive. Pressure on universities to elevate global research rankings has soared, with many regional universities and disciplines such as education responding with a rapid escalation of research performance expectations for academics. Consequently, concerns have been raised for ECRs embroiled in intensified research agendas in these contexts. Framed by concepts of liminality and identity construction, we argue that intensified expectations do not take account of liminality experienced by ECRs during times of transition, compromising perceived academic progress. We report on the identity journeys of ECRs in a School of Education at one regional Australian university. Data was collected from nine ECRs using online focus groups and analysed using a hybrid thematic approach. Key findings indicate that ECRs transition into the Academy post-doctorate with varying experiences of identity liminality that impact their capacity to manage research expectations. ECRs experiencing shorter periods of liminality are best positioned to manage the intensified expectations of academic life while ECRs experiencing persistent liminality and identity ‘struggle’ are more likely to perceive a diminished sense of achievement and support. These findings have significant implications for university leadership and research supervisors, in Australia and globally, regarding the ways they support ECRs to productively navigate the hyper-invigilated audit cultures of what we have termed the neo-academy. © 2022, The Author(s).
RBFK cipher : a randomized butterfly architecture-based lightweight block cipher for IoT devices in the edge computing environment
- Rana, Sohel, Mondal, Mondal, Kamruzzaman, Joarder
- Authors: Rana, Sohel , Mondal, Mondal , Kamruzzaman, Joarder
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 6, no. 1 (2023), p.
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- Description: Internet security has become a major concern with the growing use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing technologies. Even though data processing is handled by the edge server, sensitive data is generated and stored by the IoT devices, which are subject to attack. Since most IoT devices have limited resources, standard security algorithms such as AES, DES, and RSA hamper their ability to run properly. In this paper, a lightweight symmetric key cipher termed randomized butterfly architecture of fast Fourier transform for key (RBFK) cipher is proposed for resource-constrained IoT devices in the edge computing environment. The butterfly architecture is used in the key scheduling system to produce strong round keys for five rounds of the encryption method. The RBFK cipher has two key sizes: 64 and 128 bits, with a block size of 64 bits. The RBFK ciphers have a larger avalanche effect due to the butterfly architecture ensuring strong security. The proposed cipher satisfies the Shannon characteristics of confusion and diffusion. The memory usage and execution cycle of the RBFK cipher are assessed using the fair evaluation of the lightweight cryptographic systems (FELICS) tool. The proposed ciphers were also implemented using MATLAB 2021a to test key sensitivity by analyzing the histogram, correlation graph, and entropy of encrypted and decrypted images. Since the RBFK ciphers with minimal computational complexity provide better security than recently proposed competing ciphers, these are suitable for IoT devices in an edge computing environment. © 2023, The Author(s).
- Authors: Rana, Sohel , Mondal, Mondal , Kamruzzaman, Joarder
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 6, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Internet security has become a major concern with the growing use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing technologies. Even though data processing is handled by the edge server, sensitive data is generated and stored by the IoT devices, which are subject to attack. Since most IoT devices have limited resources, standard security algorithms such as AES, DES, and RSA hamper their ability to run properly. In this paper, a lightweight symmetric key cipher termed randomized butterfly architecture of fast Fourier transform for key (RBFK) cipher is proposed for resource-constrained IoT devices in the edge computing environment. The butterfly architecture is used in the key scheduling system to produce strong round keys for five rounds of the encryption method. The RBFK cipher has two key sizes: 64 and 128 bits, with a block size of 64 bits. The RBFK ciphers have a larger avalanche effect due to the butterfly architecture ensuring strong security. The proposed cipher satisfies the Shannon characteristics of confusion and diffusion. The memory usage and execution cycle of the RBFK cipher are assessed using the fair evaluation of the lightweight cryptographic systems (FELICS) tool. The proposed ciphers were also implemented using MATLAB 2021a to test key sensitivity by analyzing the histogram, correlation graph, and entropy of encrypted and decrypted images. Since the RBFK ciphers with minimal computational complexity provide better security than recently proposed competing ciphers, these are suitable for IoT devices in an edge computing environment. © 2023, The Author(s).
Workplace heterosexism and well-being : education, social class, sexual orientation and gender identity, and human rights
- Gates, Trevor, Morse, Claire, Bennett, Bindi
- Authors: Gates, Trevor , Morse, Claire , Bennett, Bindi
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Rights and Social Work Vol. 8, no. 2 (2023), p. 117-122
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- Description: Human rights advocates work towards the inclusion of people of various identities, including people of diverse LGBTQ+ identities, cultural identities, and education. The purpose of this research note is to explore the intersection of lower- and working-class identity with race, gender, and educational attainment in a sample of LGBTQ+ workers in New York. Findings of the pilot study were that LGBTQ+ people from lower- and working-class backgrounds reported differences in risk of reporting heterosexism and likelihood the complaint would be taken seriously. Education and gender were significant factors in the sample. Implications and possible interventions for human rights advocates are provided. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
- Authors: Gates, Trevor , Morse, Claire , Bennett, Bindi
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Rights and Social Work Vol. 8, no. 2 (2023), p. 117-122
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- Description: Human rights advocates work towards the inclusion of people of various identities, including people of diverse LGBTQ+ identities, cultural identities, and education. The purpose of this research note is to explore the intersection of lower- and working-class identity with race, gender, and educational attainment in a sample of LGBTQ+ workers in New York. Findings of the pilot study were that LGBTQ+ people from lower- and working-class backgrounds reported differences in risk of reporting heterosexism and likelihood the complaint would be taken seriously. Education and gender were significant factors in the sample. Implications and possible interventions for human rights advocates are provided. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Air pollution perception in ten countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Lou, Baowen, Barbieri, Diego, Passavanti, Marco, Hui, Cang, Gupta, Akshay, Hoff, Inge, Lessa, Daniela, Sikka, Gaurav, Chang, Kevin, Fang, Kevin, Lam, Louisa, Maharaj, Brij, Ghasemi, Navid, Qiao, Yaning, Adomako, Solomon, Foroutan Mirhosseini, Ali, Naik, Bhaven, Banerjee, Arunabha, Wang, Fusong, Tucker, Andrew, Liu, Zhuangzhuanga, Wijayaratna, Kasunt, Naseri, Sahra, Yu, Lei, Chen, Hao, Shu, Benan, Goswami, Shubham, Peprah, Prince, Hessami, Amir, Abbas, Montasir, Agarwal, Nithin
- Authors: Lou, Baowen , Barbieri, Diego , Passavanti, Marco , Hui, Cang , Gupta, Akshay , Hoff, Inge , Lessa, Daniela , Sikka, Gaurav , Chang, Kevin , Fang, Kevin , Lam, Louisa , Maharaj, Brij , Ghasemi, Navid , Qiao, Yaning , Adomako, Solomon , Foroutan Mirhosseini, Ali , Naik, Bhaven , Banerjee, Arunabha , Wang, Fusong , Tucker, Andrew , Liu, Zhuangzhuanga , Wijayaratna, Kasunt , Naseri, Sahra , Yu, Lei , Chen, Hao , Shu, Benan , Goswami, Shubham , Peprah, Prince , Hessami, Amir , Abbas, Montasir , Agarwal, Nithin
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Ambio Vol. 51, no. 3 (2022), p. 531-545
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- Description: As largely documented in the literature, the stark restrictions enforced worldwide in 2020 to curb the COVID-19 pandemic also curtailed the production of air pollutants to some extent. This study investigates the perception of the air pollution as assessed by individuals located in ten countries: Australia, Brazil, China, Ghana, India, Iran, Italy, Norway, South Africa and the USA. The perceptions towards air quality were evaluated by employing an online survey administered in May 2020. Participants (N = 9394) in the ten countries expressed their opinions according to a Likert-scale response. A reduction in pollutant concentration was clearly perceived, albeit to a different extent, by all populations. The survey participants located in India and Italy perceived the largest drop in the air pollution concentration; conversely, the smallest variation was perceived among Chinese and Norwegian respondents. Among all the demographic indicators considered, only gender proved to be statistically significant. © 2021, The Author(s).
- Authors: Lou, Baowen , Barbieri, Diego , Passavanti, Marco , Hui, Cang , Gupta, Akshay , Hoff, Inge , Lessa, Daniela , Sikka, Gaurav , Chang, Kevin , Fang, Kevin , Lam, Louisa , Maharaj, Brij , Ghasemi, Navid , Qiao, Yaning , Adomako, Solomon , Foroutan Mirhosseini, Ali , Naik, Bhaven , Banerjee, Arunabha , Wang, Fusong , Tucker, Andrew , Liu, Zhuangzhuanga , Wijayaratna, Kasunt , Naseri, Sahra , Yu, Lei , Chen, Hao , Shu, Benan , Goswami, Shubham , Peprah, Prince , Hessami, Amir , Abbas, Montasir , Agarwal, Nithin
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Ambio Vol. 51, no. 3 (2022), p. 531-545
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: As largely documented in the literature, the stark restrictions enforced worldwide in 2020 to curb the COVID-19 pandemic also curtailed the production of air pollutants to some extent. This study investigates the perception of the air pollution as assessed by individuals located in ten countries: Australia, Brazil, China, Ghana, India, Iran, Italy, Norway, South Africa and the USA. The perceptions towards air quality were evaluated by employing an online survey administered in May 2020. Participants (N = 9394) in the ten countries expressed their opinions according to a Likert-scale response. A reduction in pollutant concentration was clearly perceived, albeit to a different extent, by all populations. The survey participants located in India and Italy perceived the largest drop in the air pollution concentration; conversely, the smallest variation was perceived among Chinese and Norwegian respondents. Among all the demographic indicators considered, only gender proved to be statistically significant. © 2021, The Author(s).
Information communication technology in schools : students exercise ‘Digital Agency’ to engage with learning
- Goriss-Hunter, Anitra, Sellings, Peter, Echter, Adele
- Authors: Goriss-Hunter, Anitra , Sellings, Peter , Echter, Adele
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Technology, Knowledge and Learning Vol. 27, no. 3 (2022), p. 785-800
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- Description: In contemporary society nationally and internationally, the use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) has become a vitally important component in the workforce, recreationally, and in schools. In Australia, as in many countries, there is a nation-wide priority within education systems that endeavours to ensure that in an increasingly digital world, students possess the ICT skills to participate fully in their schooling and, later in contemporary society. While progress has been made towards achieving these goals, research demonstrates that there is a general loss of engagement and confidence in ICT tasks as student progress through school systems. In order to explore what students currently in secondary schools think and feel about their use and engagement levels regarding ICTs, this paper draws on a pilot project conducted in Australian schools. This pilot study found that agency and design-based pedagogy concerning the use of ICTs were key factors in engaging students and promoting learning. To further explore the findings of the project, the authors have formulated a model of Digital Agency. This term, ‘Digital Agency’ is defined as the students’ experience of autonomous technology learning in the classroom. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
- Authors: Goriss-Hunter, Anitra , Sellings, Peter , Echter, Adele
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Technology, Knowledge and Learning Vol. 27, no. 3 (2022), p. 785-800
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In contemporary society nationally and internationally, the use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) has become a vitally important component in the workforce, recreationally, and in schools. In Australia, as in many countries, there is a nation-wide priority within education systems that endeavours to ensure that in an increasingly digital world, students possess the ICT skills to participate fully in their schooling and, later in contemporary society. While progress has been made towards achieving these goals, research demonstrates that there is a general loss of engagement and confidence in ICT tasks as student progress through school systems. In order to explore what students currently in secondary schools think and feel about their use and engagement levels regarding ICTs, this paper draws on a pilot project conducted in Australian schools. This pilot study found that agency and design-based pedagogy concerning the use of ICTs were key factors in engaging students and promoting learning. To further explore the findings of the project, the authors have formulated a model of Digital Agency. This term, ‘Digital Agency’ is defined as the students’ experience of autonomous technology learning in the classroom. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Isolated calmness and sharp minima via Hölder Graphical Derivatives
- Kruger, Alexander, López, Marco, Yang, Xiaoqi, Zhu, Jiangxing
- Authors: Kruger, Alexander , López, Marco , Yang, Xiaoqi , Zhu, Jiangxing
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 30, no. 4 (2022), p. 1423-1441
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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- Description: The paper utilizes Hölder graphical derivatives for characterizing Hölder strong subregularity, isolated calmness and sharp minimum. As applications, we characterize Hölder isolated calmness in linear semi-infinite optimization and Hölder sharp minimizers of some penalty functions for constrained optimization. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Kruger, Alexander , López, Marco , Yang, Xiaoqi , Zhu, Jiangxing
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 30, no. 4 (2022), p. 1423-1441
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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- Description: The paper utilizes Hölder graphical derivatives for characterizing Hölder strong subregularity, isolated calmness and sharp minimum. As applications, we characterize Hölder isolated calmness in linear semi-infinite optimization and Hölder sharp minimizers of some penalty functions for constrained optimization. © 2022, The Author(s).
On the application of the SCD semismooth* newton method to variational inequalities of the second kind
- Gfrerer, Helmut, Outrata, Jiri, Valdman, Jan
- Authors: Gfrerer, Helmut , Outrata, Jiri , Valdman, Jan
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 30, no. 4 (2022), p. 1453-1484
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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- Description: The paper starts with a description of SCD (subspace containing derivative) mappings and the SCD Newton method for the solution of general inclusions. This method is then applied to a class of variational inequalities of the second kind. As a result, one obtains an implementable algorithm which exhibits locally superlinear convergence. Thereafter we suggest several globally convergent hybrid algorithms in which one combines the SCD Newton method with selected splitting algorithms for the solution of monotone variational inequalities. Finally, we demonstrate the efficiency of one of these methods via a Cournot-Nash equilibrium, modeled as a variational inequality of the second kind, where one admits really large numbers of players (firms) and produced commodities. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
- Authors: Gfrerer, Helmut , Outrata, Jiri , Valdman, Jan
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 30, no. 4 (2022), p. 1453-1484
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The paper starts with a description of SCD (subspace containing derivative) mappings and the SCD Newton method for the solution of general inclusions. This method is then applied to a class of variational inequalities of the second kind. As a result, one obtains an implementable algorithm which exhibits locally superlinear convergence. Thereafter we suggest several globally convergent hybrid algorithms in which one combines the SCD Newton method with selected splitting algorithms for the solution of monotone variational inequalities. Finally, we demonstrate the efficiency of one of these methods via a Cournot-Nash equilibrium, modeled as a variational inequality of the second kind, where one admits really large numbers of players (firms) and produced commodities. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Severe tropical cyclones over southwest Pacific Islands : economic impacts and implications for disaster risk management
- Deo, Anil, Chand, Savin, McIntosh, R. Duncan, Prakash, Bipen, Holbrook, Neil, Magee, Andrew, Haruhiru, Alick, Malsale, Philip
- Authors: Deo, Anil , Chand, Savin , McIntosh, R. Duncan , Prakash, Bipen , Holbrook, Neil , Magee, Andrew , Haruhiru, Alick , Malsale, Philip
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Climatic Change Vol. 172, no. 3-4 (2022), p.
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- Description: Tropical cyclones (TCs) are amongst the costliest natural hazards for southwest Pacific (SWP) Island nations. Extreme winds coupled with heavy rainfall and related coastal hazards, such as large waves and high seas, can have devastating consequences for life and property. Effects of anthropogenic climate change are likely to make TCs even more destructive in the SWP (as that observed particularly over Fiji) and elsewhere around the globe, yet TCs may occur less often. However, the underpinning science of quantifying future TC projections amid multiple uncertainties can be complex. The challenge for scientists is how to turn such technical knowledge framed around uncertainties into tangible products to inform decision-making in the disaster risk management (DRM) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) sector. Drawing on experiences from past TC events as analogies to what may happen in a warming climate can be useful. The role of science-based climate services tailored to the needs of the DRM and DRR sector is critical in this context. In the first part of this paper, we examine cases of historically severe TCs in the SWP and quantify their socio-economic impacts. The second part of this paper discusses a decision-support framework developed in collaboration with a number of agencies in the SWP, featuring science-based climate services that inform different stages of planning in national-level risk management strategies. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Deo, Anil , Chand, Savin , McIntosh, R. Duncan , Prakash, Bipen , Holbrook, Neil , Magee, Andrew , Haruhiru, Alick , Malsale, Philip
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Climatic Change Vol. 172, no. 3-4 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Tropical cyclones (TCs) are amongst the costliest natural hazards for southwest Pacific (SWP) Island nations. Extreme winds coupled with heavy rainfall and related coastal hazards, such as large waves and high seas, can have devastating consequences for life and property. Effects of anthropogenic climate change are likely to make TCs even more destructive in the SWP (as that observed particularly over Fiji) and elsewhere around the globe, yet TCs may occur less often. However, the underpinning science of quantifying future TC projections amid multiple uncertainties can be complex. The challenge for scientists is how to turn such technical knowledge framed around uncertainties into tangible products to inform decision-making in the disaster risk management (DRM) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) sector. Drawing on experiences from past TC events as analogies to what may happen in a warming climate can be useful. The role of science-based climate services tailored to the needs of the DRM and DRR sector is critical in this context. In the first part of this paper, we examine cases of historically severe TCs in the SWP and quantify their socio-economic impacts. The second part of this paper discusses a decision-support framework developed in collaboration with a number of agencies in the SWP, featuring science-based climate services that inform different stages of planning in national-level risk management strategies. © 2022, The Author(s).
The genesis, development and implementation of an interdisciplinary university cross-school research group
- Brandenburg, Robyn, Smith, Jeremy, Higgins, Angela, Courvisanos, Jerry
- Authors: Brandenburg, Robyn , Smith, Jeremy , Higgins, Angela , Courvisanos, Jerry
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 49, no. 3 (2022), p. 489-510
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- Description: This article examines the genesis, development and implementation of an interdisciplinary university cross-school research group (three individual schools) at Federation University in Australia. This CSRG is a consequence of both local and national calls for interdisciplinarity in university research and a direct response to the revised Strategic Goals and Policy document at Federation University. Using a conceptual framework based on a treatise by Jürgen Habermas (The theory of communicative action, Beacon Press, 1987) incorporating three socio-political levels (Lifeworld, Steering Media and Systems), we examined the ideals, processes and challenges in setting up an interdisciplinary research group within a traditional disciplinary-based university environment. Drawing on multiple data sets composed of member survey responses and interviews, email communication, online meetings, policy documents and co-leader feedback, we identified key resonant themes focussing on academic aspiration and motivation, the role of policy and practice, influence of grants and grant development across schools, mentoring and publishing. Using Habermas’ conceptual framework and his overarching notion of Lifeworld with qualitative methods of data analysis, this article explores establishment of the CSRG, deeper academic aspirations and engagement for interdisciplinarity informing the group’s formation and effectiveness of the processes used in this specific case. The impact on systems and policy is addressed together with the processes adopted to bring about interdisciplinary university collaboration. Evaluating the formation of the CSRG, the authors found that researchers placed a high value on opportunities to creatively collaborate in a cross-school and interdisciplinary environment, whereas obtaining grants and publishing research were seen by staff as indirect and less immediate benefits of collaboration. This article contributes to the growing body of research on interdisciplinary collaboration by applying a distinct theoretical and analytical framework to emphasise the potential of grassroots collaboration and the role of power and influence on research within universities. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Brandenburg, Robyn , Smith, Jeremy , Higgins, Angela , Courvisanos, Jerry
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 49, no. 3 (2022), p. 489-510
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article examines the genesis, development and implementation of an interdisciplinary university cross-school research group (three individual schools) at Federation University in Australia. This CSRG is a consequence of both local and national calls for interdisciplinarity in university research and a direct response to the revised Strategic Goals and Policy document at Federation University. Using a conceptual framework based on a treatise by Jürgen Habermas (The theory of communicative action, Beacon Press, 1987) incorporating three socio-political levels (Lifeworld, Steering Media and Systems), we examined the ideals, processes and challenges in setting up an interdisciplinary research group within a traditional disciplinary-based university environment. Drawing on multiple data sets composed of member survey responses and interviews, email communication, online meetings, policy documents and co-leader feedback, we identified key resonant themes focussing on academic aspiration and motivation, the role of policy and practice, influence of grants and grant development across schools, mentoring and publishing. Using Habermas’ conceptual framework and his overarching notion of Lifeworld with qualitative methods of data analysis, this article explores establishment of the CSRG, deeper academic aspirations and engagement for interdisciplinarity informing the group’s formation and effectiveness of the processes used in this specific case. The impact on systems and policy is addressed together with the processes adopted to bring about interdisciplinary university collaboration. Evaluating the formation of the CSRG, the authors found that researchers placed a high value on opportunities to creatively collaborate in a cross-school and interdisciplinary environment, whereas obtaining grants and publishing research were seen by staff as indirect and less immediate benefits of collaboration. This article contributes to the growing body of research on interdisciplinary collaboration by applying a distinct theoretical and analytical framework to emphasise the potential of grassroots collaboration and the role of power and influence on research within universities. © 2022, The Author(s).
A critical review of intrusion detection systems in the internet of things : techniques, deployment strategy, validation strategy, attacks, public datasets and challenges
- Khraisat, Ansam, Alazab, Ammar
- Authors: Khraisat, Ansam , Alazab, Ammar
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 4, no. 1 (2021), p.
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- Reviewed:
- Description: The Internet of Things (IoT) has been rapidly evolving towards making a greater impact on everyday life to large industrial systems. Unfortunately, this has attracted the attention of cybercriminals who made IoT a target of malicious activities, opening the door to a possible attack on the end nodes. To this end, Numerous IoT intrusion detection Systems (IDS) have been proposed in the literature to tackle attacks on the IoT ecosystem, which can be broadly classified based on detection technique, validation strategy, and deployment strategy. This survey paper presents a comprehensive review of contemporary IoT IDS and an overview of techniques, deployment Strategy, validation strategy and datasets that are commonly applied for building IDS. We also review how existing IoT IDS detect intrusive attacks and secure communications on the IoT. It also presents the classification of IoT attacks and discusses future research challenges to counter such IoT attacks to make IoT more secure. These purposes help IoT security researchers by uniting, contrasting, and compiling scattered research efforts. Consequently, we provide a unique IoT IDS taxonomy, which sheds light on IoT IDS techniques, their advantages and disadvantages, IoT attacks that exploit IoT communication systems, corresponding advanced IDS and detection capabilities to detect IoT attacks. © 2021, The Author(s).
- Authors: Khraisat, Ansam , Alazab, Ammar
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 4, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The Internet of Things (IoT) has been rapidly evolving towards making a greater impact on everyday life to large industrial systems. Unfortunately, this has attracted the attention of cybercriminals who made IoT a target of malicious activities, opening the door to a possible attack on the end nodes. To this end, Numerous IoT intrusion detection Systems (IDS) have been proposed in the literature to tackle attacks on the IoT ecosystem, which can be broadly classified based on detection technique, validation strategy, and deployment strategy. This survey paper presents a comprehensive review of contemporary IoT IDS and an overview of techniques, deployment Strategy, validation strategy and datasets that are commonly applied for building IDS. We also review how existing IoT IDS detect intrusive attacks and secure communications on the IoT. It also presents the classification of IoT attacks and discusses future research challenges to counter such IoT attacks to make IoT more secure. These purposes help IoT security researchers by uniting, contrasting, and compiling scattered research efforts. Consequently, we provide a unique IoT IDS taxonomy, which sheds light on IoT IDS techniques, their advantages and disadvantages, IoT attacks that exploit IoT communication systems, corresponding advanced IDS and detection capabilities to detect IoT attacks. © 2021, The Author(s).
Alternative representations of the normal cone to the domain of supremum functions and subdifferential calculus
- Correa, Rafael, Hantoute, Abderrahim, Lopez, Marco
- Authors: Correa, Rafael , Hantoute, Abderrahim , Lopez, Marco
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 3 (2021), p. 683-699
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP180100602
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- Description: The first part of the paper provides new characterizations of the normal cone to the effective domain of the supremum of an arbitrary family of convex functions. These results are applied in the second part to give new formulas for the subdifferential of the supremum function, which use both the active and nonactive functions at the reference point. Only the data functions are involved in these characterizations, the active ones from one side, together with the nonactive functions multiplied by some appropriate parameters. In contrast with previous works in the literature, the main feature of our subdifferential characterization is that the normal cone to the effective domain of the supremum (or to finite-dimensional sections of this domain) does not appear. A new type of optimality conditions for convex optimization is established at the end of the paper. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
- Authors: Correa, Rafael , Hantoute, Abderrahim , Lopez, Marco
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 3 (2021), p. 683-699
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP180100602
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The first part of the paper provides new characterizations of the normal cone to the effective domain of the supremum of an arbitrary family of convex functions. These results are applied in the second part to give new formulas for the subdifferential of the supremum function, which use both the active and nonactive functions at the reference point. Only the data functions are involved in these characterizations, the active ones from one side, together with the nonactive functions multiplied by some appropriate parameters. In contrast with previous works in the literature, the main feature of our subdifferential characterization is that the normal cone to the effective domain of the supremum (or to finite-dimensional sections of this domain) does not appear. A new type of optimality conditions for convex optimization is established at the end of the paper. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
An efficient hybrid system for anomaly detection in social networks
- Rahman, Md Shafiur, Halder, Sajal, Uddin, Ashraf, Acharjee, Uzzal
- Authors: Rahman, Md Shafiur , Halder, Sajal , Uddin, Ashraf , Acharjee, Uzzal
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 4, no. 1 (2021), p.
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- Description: Anomaly detection has been an essential and dynamic research area in the data mining. A wide range of applications including different social medias have adopted different state-of-the-art methods to identify anomaly for ensuring user’s security and privacy. The social network refers to a forum used by different groups of people to express their thoughts, communicate with each other, and share the content needed. This social networks also facilitate abnormal activities, spread fake news, rumours, misinformation, unsolicited messages, and propaganda post malicious links. Therefore, detection of abnormalities is one of the important data analysis activities for the identification of normal or abnormal users on the social networks. In this paper, we have developed a hybrid anomaly detection method named DT-SVMNB that cascades several machine learning algorithms including decision tree (C5.0), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayesian classifier (NBC) for classifying normal and abnormal users in social networks. We have extracted a list of unique features derived from users’ profile and contents. Using two kinds of dataset with the selected features, the proposed machine learning model called DT-SVMNB is trained. Our model classifies users as depressed one or suicidal one in the social network. We have conducted an experiment of our model using synthetic and real datasets from social network. The performance analysis demonstrates around 98% accuracy which proves the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed system. © 2021, The Author(s).
- Authors: Rahman, Md Shafiur , Halder, Sajal , Uddin, Ashraf , Acharjee, Uzzal
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cybersecurity Vol. 4, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Anomaly detection has been an essential and dynamic research area in the data mining. A wide range of applications including different social medias have adopted different state-of-the-art methods to identify anomaly for ensuring user’s security and privacy. The social network refers to a forum used by different groups of people to express their thoughts, communicate with each other, and share the content needed. This social networks also facilitate abnormal activities, spread fake news, rumours, misinformation, unsolicited messages, and propaganda post malicious links. Therefore, detection of abnormalities is one of the important data analysis activities for the identification of normal or abnormal users on the social networks. In this paper, we have developed a hybrid anomaly detection method named DT-SVMNB that cascades several machine learning algorithms including decision tree (C5.0), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayesian classifier (NBC) for classifying normal and abnormal users in social networks. We have extracted a list of unique features derived from users’ profile and contents. Using two kinds of dataset with the selected features, the proposed machine learning model called DT-SVMNB is trained. Our model classifies users as depressed one or suicidal one in the social network. We have conducted an experiment of our model using synthetic and real datasets from social network. The performance analysis demonstrates around 98% accuracy which proves the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed system. © 2021, The Author(s).
Enlargements of the moreau–rockafellar subdifferential
- Abbasi, Malek, Kruger, Alexander, Théra, Michel
- Authors: Abbasi, Malek , Kruger, Alexander , Théra, Michel
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 3 (2021), p. 701-719
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
- Full Text:
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- Description: This paper proposes three enlargements of the conventional Moreau–Rockafellar subdifferential: the sup-, sup
- Authors: Abbasi, Malek , Kruger, Alexander , Théra, Michel
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 3 (2021), p. 701-719
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper proposes three enlargements of the conventional Moreau–Rockafellar subdifferential: the sup-, sup
How are we progressing with academic numeracy at regional universities? Perspectives from first-year undergraduate studies
- Woolcott, Geoff, Galligan, Linda, Whannell, Robert, Marshman, Margaret, Sultanova, Nargiz
- Authors: Woolcott, Geoff , Galligan, Linda , Whannell, Robert , Marshman, Margaret , Sultanova, Nargiz
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Mathematics Education Research Journal Vol. 33, no. 3 (2021), p. 451-468
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- Description: This study provides an overview of the support provided for academic numeracy for first-year students across six Australian regional universities. Survey analysis of university academics provided an overview of the approaches used in academic numeracy in diverse cohorts. Further investigations via semi-structured interviews and secondary data were performed, providing details of the level of academic numeracy required in the subjects offered, identification of at-risk students and strategies for student support, and student responses to service provision. A case study at one university provided a more detailed view of the factors influencing attrition in first-year academic numeracy subjects. This case study highlighted issues related to a one-size-fits-all approach and findings argue for a more nuanced cohort-based approach that combines conventional statistical analysis with analysis that provides a more detailed view of complex scenarios. The study suggests that while support services are not responding well to the issue of attrition, better targeting individual student support may lead to improvements. © 2020, Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, Inc. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Nargiz Sultanova ” is provided in this record** Sultanova, Nargiz
- Authors: Woolcott, Geoff , Galligan, Linda , Whannell, Robert , Marshman, Margaret , Sultanova, Nargiz
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Mathematics Education Research Journal Vol. 33, no. 3 (2021), p. 451-468
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study provides an overview of the support provided for academic numeracy for first-year students across six Australian regional universities. Survey analysis of university academics provided an overview of the approaches used in academic numeracy in diverse cohorts. Further investigations via semi-structured interviews and secondary data were performed, providing details of the level of academic numeracy required in the subjects offered, identification of at-risk students and strategies for student support, and student responses to service provision. A case study at one university provided a more detailed view of the factors influencing attrition in first-year academic numeracy subjects. This case study highlighted issues related to a one-size-fits-all approach and findings argue for a more nuanced cohort-based approach that combines conventional statistical analysis with analysis that provides a more detailed view of complex scenarios. The study suggests that while support services are not responding well to the issue of attrition, better targeting individual student support may lead to improvements. © 2020, Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, Inc. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Nargiz Sultanova ” is provided in this record** Sultanova, Nargiz
Influence of the interplay of habitual affective attributes and classroom learning environments on learners’ situational affective experiences in learning science : the narratives of primary pre-service teachers
- Authors: Ma, Hongming
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Research in Science Education Vol. 51, no. 2 (2021), p. 399-417
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- Description: Science education researchers have found that instructional design focusing more on learners’ affective needs can be powerful in nurturing effective and exciting science learning. This paper reports a qualitative study exploring how learners’ situational affective experiences are influenced by the interplay of their habitual affective attributes and classroom learning environment. The research method adopted was semi-structured in-depth interview. The study is descriptive and retrospective in nature. Nine pre-service teachers who were taking a science method course at an Australian university took part in the study voluntarily. Each interview lasted about 1 h. Six types of interplay were identified: Self-sustained, Beyond expectation, Resonant, Adversely Overpowered, Below expectation and Irresponsive. Implications for science teaching and science teacher education are discussed in terms of the identified types of interplay. © 2018, Springer Nature B.V.
- Authors: Ma, Hongming
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Research in Science Education Vol. 51, no. 2 (2021), p. 399-417
- Full Text:
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- Description: Science education researchers have found that instructional design focusing more on learners’ affective needs can be powerful in nurturing effective and exciting science learning. This paper reports a qualitative study exploring how learners’ situational affective experiences are influenced by the interplay of their habitual affective attributes and classroom learning environment. The research method adopted was semi-structured in-depth interview. The study is descriptive and retrospective in nature. Nine pre-service teachers who were taking a science method course at an Australian university took part in the study voluntarily. Each interview lasted about 1 h. Six types of interplay were identified: Self-sustained, Beyond expectation, Resonant, Adversely Overpowered, Below expectation and Irresponsive. Implications for science teaching and science teacher education are discussed in terms of the identified types of interplay. © 2018, Springer Nature B.V.
Transversality properties : primal sufficient conditions
- Cuong, Nguyen, Kruger, Alexander
- Authors: Cuong, Nguyen , Kruger, Alexander
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 2 (2021), p. 221-256
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
- Full Text:
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- Description: The paper studies ‘good arrangements’ (transversality properties) of collections of sets in a normed vector space near a given point in their intersection. We target primal (metric and slope) characterizations of transversality properties in the nonlinear setting. The Hölder case is given a special attention. Our main objective is not formally extending our earlier results from the Hölder to a more general nonlinear setting, but rather to develop a general framework for quantitative analysis of transversality properties. The nonlinearity is just a simple setting, which allows us to unify the existing results on the topic. Unlike the well-studied subtransversality property, not many characterizations of the other two important properties: semitransversality and transversality have been known even in the linear case. Quantitative relations between nonlinear transversality properties and the corresponding regularity properties of set-valued mappings as well as nonlinear extensions of the new transversality properties of a set-valued mapping to a set in the range space due to Ioffe are also discussed. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
- Authors: Cuong, Nguyen , Kruger, Alexander
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Vol. 29, no. 2 (2021), p. 221-256
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The paper studies ‘good arrangements’ (transversality properties) of collections of sets in a normed vector space near a given point in their intersection. We target primal (metric and slope) characterizations of transversality properties in the nonlinear setting. The Hölder case is given a special attention. Our main objective is not formally extending our earlier results from the Hölder to a more general nonlinear setting, but rather to develop a general framework for quantitative analysis of transversality properties. The nonlinearity is just a simple setting, which allows us to unify the existing results on the topic. Unlike the well-studied subtransversality property, not many characterizations of the other two important properties: semitransversality and transversality have been known even in the linear case. Quantitative relations between nonlinear transversality properties and the corresponding regularity properties of set-valued mappings as well as nonlinear extensions of the new transversality properties of a set-valued mapping to a set in the range space due to Ioffe are also discussed. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
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