Classifying excessive exercise : examining the relationship between compulsive exercise with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and disordered eating symptoms
- Cosh, Suzanne, Eshkevari, Ertimiss, McNeil, Dominic, Tully, Phillip
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Eshkevari, Ertimiss , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: European Eating Disorders Review Vol. 31, no. 6 (2023), p. 769-780
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- Description: Objective: There remains a lack of consensus around nosology for compulsive exercise (CE). Although widely observed in eating disorders (ED), CE shares theoretical overlap with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), where exercise compulsions occur in response to obsessions. Yet, there is limited and mixed evidence of a relationship between CE with OCD. This study aims to explore the appropriate diagnostic classification of CE through examination of CE in relation to OCD, obsessional thinking, and ED symptoms. Method: Two hundred and eighty one adults with mental health symptoms, dieting, and exercise behaviour completed measures of OCD, CE, and disordered eating symptoms. Regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses examined relationships between dimensions of CE with OCD and ED symptoms, and the predictive ability of CE assessment for detecting threshold OCD and ED symptoms. Results: CE assessment was poor at predicting threshold OCD symptoms, probable Anorexia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder and moderate at detecting probable disordered eating and Bulimia Nervosa. Associations between CE and OCD symptoms were not significant after adjustment for ED symptoms. Obsessional thinking was associated only with lack of exercise enjoyment. Conclusions: Results indicate that excessive exercise might represent a distinct disorder, with some shared traits across CE, OCD and ED symptoms. Findings question the utility of adaptation of OCD diagnostic criteria for CE. Assessment and treatment implications are considered. © 2023 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Eshkevari, Ertimiss , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: European Eating Disorders Review Vol. 31, no. 6 (2023), p. 769-780
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: There remains a lack of consensus around nosology for compulsive exercise (CE). Although widely observed in eating disorders (ED), CE shares theoretical overlap with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), where exercise compulsions occur in response to obsessions. Yet, there is limited and mixed evidence of a relationship between CE with OCD. This study aims to explore the appropriate diagnostic classification of CE through examination of CE in relation to OCD, obsessional thinking, and ED symptoms. Method: Two hundred and eighty one adults with mental health symptoms, dieting, and exercise behaviour completed measures of OCD, CE, and disordered eating symptoms. Regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses examined relationships between dimensions of CE with OCD and ED symptoms, and the predictive ability of CE assessment for detecting threshold OCD and ED symptoms. Results: CE assessment was poor at predicting threshold OCD symptoms, probable Anorexia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder and moderate at detecting probable disordered eating and Bulimia Nervosa. Associations between CE and OCD symptoms were not significant after adjustment for ED symptoms. Obsessional thinking was associated only with lack of exercise enjoyment. Conclusions: Results indicate that excessive exercise might represent a distinct disorder, with some shared traits across CE, OCD and ED symptoms. Findings question the utility of adaptation of OCD diagnostic criteria for CE. Assessment and treatment implications are considered. © 2023 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Compliance with the zero suicide initiative by mental health clinicians at a regional mental health service : development and testing of a clinical audit tool
- Porter, Joanne, Dabkowski, Elissa, Connolly, Owen, Prokopiv, Valerie
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Dabkowski, Elissa , Connolly, Owen , Prokopiv, Valerie
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nursing Reports Vol. 13, no. 1 (2023), p. 29-42
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- Description: Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the compliance of mental health clinicians in applying the Zero Suicide (ZS) approach to their clinical practice in a rural and regional health community setting. Methods: A retrospective clinical audit of six mental health teams was undertaken at a single site. A clinical audit tool was developed and validated using a six-step approach. The data was extracted and analysed via descriptive and inferential statistics and compared to a specialised mental health team, experienced with the ZS approach. Results: A total of 334 clinical records were extracted for January, April, August, November 2019 and June 2020. The clinical audit and analysis confirmed that the mental health teams are not consistently using the assessments from their training and are therefore not implementing all of these elements into their practice. This could have implications for the risk formulation and treatment for people at risk of suicide. Conclusions: The use of a validated clinical audit tool can be beneficial to establish compliance with the mental health clinicians and to determine any areas requiring further improvement. Further education and reinforcement may be required to ensure consistency with incorporating the elements of ZS into everyday clinical practice. © 2022 by the authors.
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Dabkowski, Elissa , Connolly, Owen , Prokopiv, Valerie
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nursing Reports Vol. 13, no. 1 (2023), p. 29-42
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the compliance of mental health clinicians in applying the Zero Suicide (ZS) approach to their clinical practice in a rural and regional health community setting. Methods: A retrospective clinical audit of six mental health teams was undertaken at a single site. A clinical audit tool was developed and validated using a six-step approach. The data was extracted and analysed via descriptive and inferential statistics and compared to a specialised mental health team, experienced with the ZS approach. Results: A total of 334 clinical records were extracted for January, April, August, November 2019 and June 2020. The clinical audit and analysis confirmed that the mental health teams are not consistently using the assessments from their training and are therefore not implementing all of these elements into their practice. This could have implications for the risk formulation and treatment for people at risk of suicide. Conclusions: The use of a validated clinical audit tool can be beneficial to establish compliance with the mental health clinicians and to determine any areas requiring further improvement. Further education and reinforcement may be required to ensure consistency with incorporating the elements of ZS into everyday clinical practice. © 2022 by the authors.
Coping strategies to overcome psychological distress and fear during COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait
- Elaidy, Asmaa, Hammoud, Majeda, N. Albatineh, Ahmed, Ridha, Fatma, Hammoud, Sabri, Elsadek, Hala, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Elaidy, Asmaa , Hammoud, Majeda , N. Albatineh, Ahmed , Ridha, Fatma , Hammoud, Sabri , Elsadek, Hala , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Middle East Current Psychiatry Vol. 30, no. 1 (2023), p.
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- Description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has detrimental effects on both physical and psychological well-being of community people worldwide. The purpose of this research was to determine coping strategies and the factors associated with psychological distress and fear among adults in Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Participants with good-excellent mental health perception had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high psychological distress, while those identified as patients as used health services in the past 4 weeks had significantly higher prevalence of reporting high psychological distress. On the other hand, individuals born in the same country of residence, whose financial situation was impacted by COVID-19 had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high levels of fear from COVID-19. Those with an income source, with co-morbidities, tested negative to COVID-19, being frontline or essential worker, reported medium to high psychological distress and had significantly higher prevalence of high levels of fear of COVID-19. Conclusions: Mental health services should be provided in addition to the existing services in primary healthcare settings, so that the impact of ongoing pandemic on psychological wellbeing of people in Kuwait can be addressed. © 2023, The Author(s).
- Authors: Elaidy, Asmaa , Hammoud, Majeda , N. Albatineh, Ahmed , Ridha, Fatma , Hammoud, Sabri , Elsadek, Hala , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Middle East Current Psychiatry Vol. 30, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has detrimental effects on both physical and psychological well-being of community people worldwide. The purpose of this research was to determine coping strategies and the factors associated with psychological distress and fear among adults in Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Participants with good-excellent mental health perception had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high psychological distress, while those identified as patients as used health services in the past 4 weeks had significantly higher prevalence of reporting high psychological distress. On the other hand, individuals born in the same country of residence, whose financial situation was impacted by COVID-19 had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high levels of fear from COVID-19. Those with an income source, with co-morbidities, tested negative to COVID-19, being frontline or essential worker, reported medium to high psychological distress and had significantly higher prevalence of high levels of fear of COVID-19. Conclusions: Mental health services should be provided in addition to the existing services in primary healthcare settings, so that the impact of ongoing pandemic on psychological wellbeing of people in Kuwait can be addressed. © 2023, The Author(s).
COVID-19 : factors associated with the psychological distress, fear and resilient coping strategies among community members in Saudi Arabia
- Alharbi, Talal, Alqurashi, Alaa, Mahmud, Ilias, Alharbi, Rayan, Islam, Sheikh, Almustanyir, Sami, Maklad, Ahmed, AlSarraj, Ahmad, Mughaiss, Lujain, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar, Ahmed, Ahmed, Barry, Mazin, Ghozy, Sherief, Alabdan, Lulwah, Alif, Sheikh, Sultana, Farhana, Salehin, Masudus, Banik, Biswajit, Cross, Wendy, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Alharbi, Talal , Alqurashi, Alaa , Mahmud, Ilias , Alharbi, Rayan , Islam, Sheikh , Almustanyir, Sami , Maklad, Ahmed , AlSarraj, Ahmad , Mughaiss, Lujain , Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar , Ahmed, Ahmed , Barry, Mazin , Ghozy, Sherief , Alabdan, Lulwah , Alif, Sheikh , Sultana, Farhana , Salehin, Masudus , Banik, Biswajit , Cross, Wendy , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Healthcare (Switzerland) Vol. 11, no. 8 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: (1) Background: COVID-19 caused the worst international public health crisis, accompanied by major global economic downturns and mass-scale job losses, which impacted the psychosocial wellbeing of the worldwide population, including Saudi Arabia. Evidence of the high-risk groups impacted by the pandemic has been non-existent in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study examined factors associated with psychosocial distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping strategies among the general population in Saudi Arabia. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the Saudi Arabia using an anonymous online questionnaire. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Multivariate logistic regressions were used, and an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) was reported. (3) Results: Among 803 participants, 70% (n = 556) were females, and the median age was 27 years; 35% (n = 278) were frontline or essential service workers; and 24% (n = 195) reported comorbid conditions including mental health illness. Of the respondents, 175 (21.8%) and 207 (25.8%) reported high and very high psychological distress, respectively. Factors associated with moderate to high levels of psychological distress were: youth, females, non-Saudi nationals, those experiencing a change in employment or a negative financial impact, having comorbidities, and current smoking. A high level of fear was reported by 89 participants (11.1%), and this was associated with being ex-smokers (3.72, 1.14–12.14, 0.029) and changes in employment (3.42, 1.91–6.11, 0.000). A high resilience was reported by 115 participants (14.3%), and 333 participants (41.5%) had medium resilience. Financial impact and contact with known/suspected cases (1.63, 1.12–2.38, 0.011) were associated with low, medium, to high resilient coping. (4) Conclusions: People in Saudi Arabia were at a higher risk of psychosocial distress along with medium-high resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, warranting urgent attention from healthcare providers and policymakers to provide specific mental health support strategies for their current wellbeing and to avoid a post-pandemic mental health crisis. © 2023 by the authors.
- Authors: Alharbi, Talal , Alqurashi, Alaa , Mahmud, Ilias , Alharbi, Rayan , Islam, Sheikh , Almustanyir, Sami , Maklad, Ahmed , AlSarraj, Ahmad , Mughaiss, Lujain , Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar , Ahmed, Ahmed , Barry, Mazin , Ghozy, Sherief , Alabdan, Lulwah , Alif, Sheikh , Sultana, Farhana , Salehin, Masudus , Banik, Biswajit , Cross, Wendy , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Healthcare (Switzerland) Vol. 11, no. 8 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: (1) Background: COVID-19 caused the worst international public health crisis, accompanied by major global economic downturns and mass-scale job losses, which impacted the psychosocial wellbeing of the worldwide population, including Saudi Arabia. Evidence of the high-risk groups impacted by the pandemic has been non-existent in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study examined factors associated with psychosocial distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping strategies among the general population in Saudi Arabia. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the Saudi Arabia using an anonymous online questionnaire. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Multivariate logistic regressions were used, and an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) was reported. (3) Results: Among 803 participants, 70% (n = 556) were females, and the median age was 27 years; 35% (n = 278) were frontline or essential service workers; and 24% (n = 195) reported comorbid conditions including mental health illness. Of the respondents, 175 (21.8%) and 207 (25.8%) reported high and very high psychological distress, respectively. Factors associated with moderate to high levels of psychological distress were: youth, females, non-Saudi nationals, those experiencing a change in employment or a negative financial impact, having comorbidities, and current smoking. A high level of fear was reported by 89 participants (11.1%), and this was associated with being ex-smokers (3.72, 1.14–12.14, 0.029) and changes in employment (3.42, 1.91–6.11, 0.000). A high resilience was reported by 115 participants (14.3%), and 333 participants (41.5%) had medium resilience. Financial impact and contact with known/suspected cases (1.63, 1.12–2.38, 0.011) were associated with low, medium, to high resilient coping. (4) Conclusions: People in Saudi Arabia were at a higher risk of psychosocial distress along with medium-high resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, warranting urgent attention from healthcare providers and policymakers to provide specific mental health support strategies for their current wellbeing and to avoid a post-pandemic mental health crisis. © 2023 by the authors.
Development of a short form of the cardiac distress inventory
- Le Grande, Michael, Murphy, Barbara, Rogerson, Michelle, Ski, Chantal, Amerena, John, Smith, Julian, Hoover, Valerie, Alvarenga, Marlies, Higgins, Rosemary, Thompson, David, Jackson, Alun
- Authors: Le Grande, Michael , Murphy, Barbara , Rogerson, Michelle , Ski, Chantal , Amerena, John , Smith, Julian , Hoover, Valerie , Alvarenga, Marlies , Higgins, Rosemary , Thompson, David , Jackson, Alun
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
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- Description: Background: Cardiac distress may be viewed as a persistent negative emotional state that spans multiple psychosocial domains and challenges a patient’s capacity to cope with living with their heart condition. The Cardiac Distress Inventory (CDI) is a disease-specific clinical assessment tool that captures the complexity of this distress. In busy settings such as primary care, cardiac rehabilitation, and counselling services, however, there is a need to administer briefer tools to aid in identification and screening. The aim of the present study was to develop a short, valid screening version of the CDI. Methods: A total of 405 participants reporting an acute coronary event in the previous 12 months was recruited from three hospitals, through social media and by direct enrolment on the study website. Participants completed an online survey which included the full version of the CDI and general distress measures including the Kessler K6, Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and Emotion Thermometers. Relationship of the CDI with these instruments, Rasch analysis model fit and clinical expertise were all used to select items for the short form (CDI-SF). Construct validity and receiver operating characteristics in relation to the Kessler K6 were examined. Results: The final 12 item CDI-SF exhibited excellent internal consistency indicative of unidimensionality and good convergent and discriminant validity in comparison to clinical status measures, all indicative of good construct validity. Using the K6 validated cutoff of
- Authors: Le Grande, Michael , Murphy, Barbara , Rogerson, Michelle , Ski, Chantal , Amerena, John , Smith, Julian , Hoover, Valerie , Alvarenga, Marlies , Higgins, Rosemary , Thompson, David , Jackson, Alun
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Cardiac distress may be viewed as a persistent negative emotional state that spans multiple psychosocial domains and challenges a patient’s capacity to cope with living with their heart condition. The Cardiac Distress Inventory (CDI) is a disease-specific clinical assessment tool that captures the complexity of this distress. In busy settings such as primary care, cardiac rehabilitation, and counselling services, however, there is a need to administer briefer tools to aid in identification and screening. The aim of the present study was to develop a short, valid screening version of the CDI. Methods: A total of 405 participants reporting an acute coronary event in the previous 12 months was recruited from three hospitals, through social media and by direct enrolment on the study website. Participants completed an online survey which included the full version of the CDI and general distress measures including the Kessler K6, Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and Emotion Thermometers. Relationship of the CDI with these instruments, Rasch analysis model fit and clinical expertise were all used to select items for the short form (CDI-SF). Construct validity and receiver operating characteristics in relation to the Kessler K6 were examined. Results: The final 12 item CDI-SF exhibited excellent internal consistency indicative of unidimensionality and good convergent and discriminant validity in comparison to clinical status measures, all indicative of good construct validity. Using the K6 validated cutoff of
Older adults' preferences for Internet-based services : type and content
- Klein, Britt, Shandley, Kerrie, McLaren, Suzanne, Clinnick, Lisa
- Authors: Klein, Britt , Shandley, Kerrie , McLaren, Suzanne , Clinnick, Lisa
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Journal on Ageing Vol. 42, no. 4 (2023), p. 780-785
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective(s): The aim of this paper was to report on qualitative survey responses provided by older Australian adults regarding their preferences for Internet-based services and content. Methods: Two qualitative questions (‘What type of Internet-based mental health and well-being (1) services, and (2) content would be of most interest to you?’) from a broader survey investigating the mental and physical health of older Australians were thematically analysed for commonly occurring themes. Eighty-nine participants aged 65 years or older (mean age = 71 years, SD = 5.30) responded to at least one qualitative question. Participants were primarily female (60%, n = 53), born in Australia (65%, n = 58), in a relationship (58%, n = 52), living in the community (79%, n = 70) and relatively well educated, with the majority having completed a university degree (38%, n = 34). Results: Themes indicated that participants were most interested in Facebook-style services (n = 17), chat groups (n = 16) and email-based services (n = 4) designed specifically for older adults (n = 14). However, some concerns were raised regarding the trustworthiness of Internet-based services, with the largest proportion of participants (n = 22) noting that they were unlikely to use Internet- or social media-based services. The primary content-related themes were mental fitness (n = 34), grief and loss (n = 20), health information (n = 13), socialisation (n = 11) and physical fitness (n = 10). Conclusions: Participants indicated interest in tailor-made Facebook-style services for older adults that allow them to communicate with their peers and create new social networks and incorporate content relating to strategies for working on mental and physical fitness, information on coping with grief and loss, as well as health information. These findings can be used by organisations to develop Internet-based services and content for older Australian adults. © 2023 The Authors. Australasian Journal on Ageing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of AJA Inc’.
- Authors: Klein, Britt , Shandley, Kerrie , McLaren, Suzanne , Clinnick, Lisa
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Journal on Ageing Vol. 42, no. 4 (2023), p. 780-785
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective(s): The aim of this paper was to report on qualitative survey responses provided by older Australian adults regarding their preferences for Internet-based services and content. Methods: Two qualitative questions (‘What type of Internet-based mental health and well-being (1) services, and (2) content would be of most interest to you?’) from a broader survey investigating the mental and physical health of older Australians were thematically analysed for commonly occurring themes. Eighty-nine participants aged 65 years or older (mean age = 71 years, SD = 5.30) responded to at least one qualitative question. Participants were primarily female (60%, n = 53), born in Australia (65%, n = 58), in a relationship (58%, n = 52), living in the community (79%, n = 70) and relatively well educated, with the majority having completed a university degree (38%, n = 34). Results: Themes indicated that participants were most interested in Facebook-style services (n = 17), chat groups (n = 16) and email-based services (n = 4) designed specifically for older adults (n = 14). However, some concerns were raised regarding the trustworthiness of Internet-based services, with the largest proportion of participants (n = 22) noting that they were unlikely to use Internet- or social media-based services. The primary content-related themes were mental fitness (n = 34), grief and loss (n = 20), health information (n = 13), socialisation (n = 11) and physical fitness (n = 10). Conclusions: Participants indicated interest in tailor-made Facebook-style services for older adults that allow them to communicate with their peers and create new social networks and incorporate content relating to strategies for working on mental and physical fitness, information on coping with grief and loss, as well as health information. These findings can be used by organisations to develop Internet-based services and content for older Australian adults. © 2023 The Authors. Australasian Journal on Ageing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of AJA Inc’.
Passion moderates the relationship between exercise identity and compulsive exercise
- Cosh, Suzanne, Loi, Natasha, McNeil, Dominic
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Loi, Natasha , McNeil, Dominic
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology Vol. 3, no. 3 (2023), p. 184-191
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: There remains limited understanding and mixed results around predictors of compulsive exercise, especially outside of eating disorder populations and settings. Research is also limited by operationalisation of compulsive exercise as a unidimensional construct, despite evidence that it is best understood and examined as multi-dimensional. Given that compulsive exercise is also observed in the general exercise population, increased understanding around predictors of compulsive exercise is needed. This study examined the relationship between dimensions of compulsive exercise (Compulsive Exercise Test) with obsessive and harmonious passion (the Passion Scale) and exercise identity (the Exercise Identity Scale) in a sample of N = 1184 Australian general exercisers. Correlation, regression and moderation analyses indicated that exercise identity was associated with all dimensions of compulsive exercise, although strength and direction of relationships varied. Harmonious passion was related to several dimensions of compulsive exercise and also moderated relationships between identity with weight-control exercise, mood improvement and lack of exercise enjoyment, whereas obsessive passion moderated the relationship between identity and lack of exercise enjoyment only. Results highlight that compulsive exercise dimensions have nuanced relationships with other variables and that examination of dimensions can increase understanding around compulsive exercise. Harmonious passion predicted more aspects of compulsive exercise than obsessive passion. Individuals with high exercise identity, and those with low harmonious passion may be more at risk of poor outcomes including compulsive exercise pathology and other related outcomes. © 2023
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Loi, Natasha , McNeil, Dominic
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology Vol. 3, no. 3 (2023), p. 184-191
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: There remains limited understanding and mixed results around predictors of compulsive exercise, especially outside of eating disorder populations and settings. Research is also limited by operationalisation of compulsive exercise as a unidimensional construct, despite evidence that it is best understood and examined as multi-dimensional. Given that compulsive exercise is also observed in the general exercise population, increased understanding around predictors of compulsive exercise is needed. This study examined the relationship between dimensions of compulsive exercise (Compulsive Exercise Test) with obsessive and harmonious passion (the Passion Scale) and exercise identity (the Exercise Identity Scale) in a sample of N = 1184 Australian general exercisers. Correlation, regression and moderation analyses indicated that exercise identity was associated with all dimensions of compulsive exercise, although strength and direction of relationships varied. Harmonious passion was related to several dimensions of compulsive exercise and also moderated relationships between identity with weight-control exercise, mood improvement and lack of exercise enjoyment, whereas obsessive passion moderated the relationship between identity and lack of exercise enjoyment only. Results highlight that compulsive exercise dimensions have nuanced relationships with other variables and that examination of dimensions can increase understanding around compulsive exercise. Harmonious passion predicted more aspects of compulsive exercise than obsessive passion. Individuals with high exercise identity, and those with low harmonious passion may be more at risk of poor outcomes including compulsive exercise pathology and other related outcomes. © 2023
Suicidality among older Australian adults
- Klein, Britt, Shandley, Kerrie, McLaren, Suzanne, Clinnick, Lisa, Nguyen, Huy
- Authors: Klein, Britt , Shandley, Kerrie , McLaren, Suzanne , Clinnick, Lisa , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Vulnerability to suicidality is a concern among older adults, particularly as this proportion of the population is growing. Determining what factors contribute to suicidality will help to create a framework for understanding and assessing suicidal risk among older adults and developing effective treatments. This study examined suicidality among older Australian adults. Methods: This study forms part of a larger study to trial a survey to collect cross-sectional data on the mental and physical health of older Australian adults across time. One hundred and fourteen Australian residents aged 65 years and over completed an anonymous survey online or by returning a paper-and-pencil version of the survey by post. The survey took approximately 25 min to complete and comprised of (1) sociodemographic questions (e.g., age, gender, education), (2) validated questionnaires measuring depression, general anxiety, psychological distress, insomnia, substance dependence, problem gambling, and stress, and (3) mental and physical health and wellbeing items (e.g., religiosity, assistance with daily tasks, and mental health service usage in the last 12-months). The dependent variable, suicidality, was measured by asking participants whether they had ever seriously thought about committing suicide. Results: Associations with suicidality were analyzed using Chi-squares and independent samples t-tests. The results found suicidality to be significantly associated with lower levels of satisfaction with the frequency of seeing and/or communicating with friends, and inadequate levels of community engagement. Conclusion: The results of this survey reinforce the importance of social connectedness as a central and significant protective factor against suicidality among older adults. Copyright © 2023 Klein, Shandley, McLaren, Clinnick and Nguyen.
- Authors: Klein, Britt , Shandley, Kerrie , McLaren, Suzanne , Clinnick, Lisa , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Vulnerability to suicidality is a concern among older adults, particularly as this proportion of the population is growing. Determining what factors contribute to suicidality will help to create a framework for understanding and assessing suicidal risk among older adults and developing effective treatments. This study examined suicidality among older Australian adults. Methods: This study forms part of a larger study to trial a survey to collect cross-sectional data on the mental and physical health of older Australian adults across time. One hundred and fourteen Australian residents aged 65 years and over completed an anonymous survey online or by returning a paper-and-pencil version of the survey by post. The survey took approximately 25 min to complete and comprised of (1) sociodemographic questions (e.g., age, gender, education), (2) validated questionnaires measuring depression, general anxiety, psychological distress, insomnia, substance dependence, problem gambling, and stress, and (3) mental and physical health and wellbeing items (e.g., religiosity, assistance with daily tasks, and mental health service usage in the last 12-months). The dependent variable, suicidality, was measured by asking participants whether they had ever seriously thought about committing suicide. Results: Associations with suicidality were analyzed using Chi-squares and independent samples t-tests. The results found suicidality to be significantly associated with lower levels of satisfaction with the frequency of seeing and/or communicating with friends, and inadequate levels of community engagement. Conclusion: The results of this survey reinforce the importance of social connectedness as a central and significant protective factor against suicidality among older adults. Copyright © 2023 Klein, Shandley, McLaren, Clinnick and Nguyen.
The impact of sports participation on mental health and social outcomes in adults : a systematic review and the ‘Mental Health through Sport’ conceptual model
- Eather, Narelle, Wade, Levi, Pankowiak, Aurélie, Eime, Rochelle
- Authors: Eather, Narelle , Wade, Levi , Pankowiak, Aurélie , Eime, Rochelle
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Systematic Reviews Vol. 12, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Sport is a subset of physical activity that can be particularly beneficial for short-and-long-term physical and mental health, and social outcomes in adults. This study presents the results of an updated systematic review of the mental health and social outcomes of community and elite-level sport participation for adults. The findings have informed the development of the ‘Mental Health through Sport’ conceptual model for adults. Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched, with studies published between 2012 and March 2020 screened for inclusion. Eligible qualitative and quantitative studies reported on the relationship between sport participation and mental health and/or social outcomes in adult populations. Risk of bias (ROB) was determined using the Quality Assessment Tool (quantitative studies) or Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (qualitative studies). Results: The search strategy located 8528 articles, of which, 29 involving adults 18–84 years were included for analysis. Data was extracted for demographics, methodology, and study outcomes, and results presented according to study design. The evidence indicates that participation in sport (community and elite) is related to better mental health, including improved psychological well-being (for example, higher self-esteem and life satisfaction) and lower psychological ill-being (for example, reduced levels of depression, anxiety, and stress), and improved social outcomes (for example, improved self-control, pro-social behavior, interpersonal communication, and fostering a sense of belonging). Overall, adults participating in team sport had more favorable health outcomes than those participating in individual sport, and those participating in sports more often generally report the greatest benefits; however, some evidence suggests that adults in elite sport may experience higher levels of psychological distress. Low ROB was observed for qualitative studies, but quantitative studies demonstrated inconsistencies in methodological quality. Conclusions: The findings of this review confirm that participation in sport of any form (team or individual) is beneficial for improving mental health and social outcomes amongst adults. Team sports, however, may provide more potent and additional benefits for mental and social outcomes across adulthood. This review also provides preliminary evidence for the Mental Health through Sport model, though further experimental and longitudinal evidence is needed to establish the mechanisms responsible for sports effect on mental health and moderators of intervention effects. Additional qualitative work is also required to gain a better understanding of the relationship between specific elements of the sporting environment and mental health and social outcomes in adult participants. © 2023, The Author(s).
- Authors: Eather, Narelle , Wade, Levi , Pankowiak, Aurélie , Eime, Rochelle
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Systematic Reviews Vol. 12, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Sport is a subset of physical activity that can be particularly beneficial for short-and-long-term physical and mental health, and social outcomes in adults. This study presents the results of an updated systematic review of the mental health and social outcomes of community and elite-level sport participation for adults. The findings have informed the development of the ‘Mental Health through Sport’ conceptual model for adults. Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched, with studies published between 2012 and March 2020 screened for inclusion. Eligible qualitative and quantitative studies reported on the relationship between sport participation and mental health and/or social outcomes in adult populations. Risk of bias (ROB) was determined using the Quality Assessment Tool (quantitative studies) or Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (qualitative studies). Results: The search strategy located 8528 articles, of which, 29 involving adults 18–84 years were included for analysis. Data was extracted for demographics, methodology, and study outcomes, and results presented according to study design. The evidence indicates that participation in sport (community and elite) is related to better mental health, including improved psychological well-being (for example, higher self-esteem and life satisfaction) and lower psychological ill-being (for example, reduced levels of depression, anxiety, and stress), and improved social outcomes (for example, improved self-control, pro-social behavior, interpersonal communication, and fostering a sense of belonging). Overall, adults participating in team sport had more favorable health outcomes than those participating in individual sport, and those participating in sports more often generally report the greatest benefits; however, some evidence suggests that adults in elite sport may experience higher levels of psychological distress. Low ROB was observed for qualitative studies, but quantitative studies demonstrated inconsistencies in methodological quality. Conclusions: The findings of this review confirm that participation in sport of any form (team or individual) is beneficial for improving mental health and social outcomes amongst adults. Team sports, however, may provide more potent and additional benefits for mental and social outcomes across adulthood. This review also provides preliminary evidence for the Mental Health through Sport model, though further experimental and longitudinal evidence is needed to establish the mechanisms responsible for sports effect on mental health and moderators of intervention effects. Additional qualitative work is also required to gain a better understanding of the relationship between specific elements of the sporting environment and mental health and social outcomes in adult participants. © 2023, The Author(s).
Tryptophan and substance abuse : mechanisms and impact
- Davidson, Majid, Rashidi, Niloufar, Hossain, Md Kamal, Raza, Ali, Nurgali, Kulmira, Apostolopoulos, Vasso
- Authors: Davidson, Majid , Rashidi, Niloufar , Hossain, Md Kamal , Raza, Ali , Nurgali, Kulmira , Apostolopoulos, Vasso
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 3 (2023), p.
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- Description: Addiction, the continuous misuse of addictive material, causes long-term dysfunction in the neurological system. It substantially affects the control strength of reward, memory, and motivation. Addictive substances (alcohol, marijuana, caffeine, heroin, methamphetamine (METH), and nicotine) are highly active central nervous stimulants. Addiction leads to severe health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, serious infections, and pulmonary/dental diseases. Drug dependence may result in unfavorable cognitive impairments that can continue during abstinence and negatively influence recovery performance. Although addiction is a critical global health challenge with numerous consequences and complications, currently, there are no efficient options for treating drug addiction, particularly METH. Currently, novel treatment approaches such as psychological contingency management, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational enhancement strategies are of great interest. Herein, we evaluate the devastating impacts of different addictive substances/drugs on users′ mental health and the role of tryptophan in alleviating unfavorable side effects. The tryptophan metabolites in the mammalian brain and their potential to treat compulsive abuse of addictive substances are investigated by assessing the functional effects of addictive substances on tryptophan. Future perspectives on developing promising modalities to treat addiction and the role of tryptophan and its metabolites to alleviate drug dependency are discussed. © 2023 by the authors.
- Authors: Davidson, Majid , Rashidi, Niloufar , Hossain, Md Kamal , Raza, Ali , Nurgali, Kulmira , Apostolopoulos, Vasso
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 3 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Addiction, the continuous misuse of addictive material, causes long-term dysfunction in the neurological system. It substantially affects the control strength of reward, memory, and motivation. Addictive substances (alcohol, marijuana, caffeine, heroin, methamphetamine (METH), and nicotine) are highly active central nervous stimulants. Addiction leads to severe health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, serious infections, and pulmonary/dental diseases. Drug dependence may result in unfavorable cognitive impairments that can continue during abstinence and negatively influence recovery performance. Although addiction is a critical global health challenge with numerous consequences and complications, currently, there are no efficient options for treating drug addiction, particularly METH. Currently, novel treatment approaches such as psychological contingency management, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational enhancement strategies are of great interest. Herein, we evaluate the devastating impacts of different addictive substances/drugs on users′ mental health and the role of tryptophan in alleviating unfavorable side effects. The tryptophan metabolites in the mammalian brain and their potential to treat compulsive abuse of addictive substances are investigated by assessing the functional effects of addictive substances on tryptophan. Future perspectives on developing promising modalities to treat addiction and the role of tryptophan and its metabolites to alleviate drug dependency are discussed. © 2023 by the authors.
Burnout, stress and resilience of an Australian regional hospital during COVID-19: a longitudinal study
- Armstrong, Samantha, Porter, Joanne, Larkins, Jo-Ann, Mesagno, Christopher
- Authors: Armstrong, Samantha , Porter, Joanne , Larkins, Jo-Ann , Mesagno, Christopher
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC health services research Vol. 22, no. 1 (2022), p. 1-1115
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- Description: Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed huge strain on hospital staff around the world. The aim of the current longitudinal study was to investigate the resilience, stress and burnout of hospital staff located at a large, regional hospital in Victoria, Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic over time via cross-sectional surveys. The surveys were disseminated six times from August 2020 to March 2021, with the first three data collection points distributed during a state-wide lockdown. A total of 558 responses from various professional roles within the hospital over the survey period were included in the sample. Analysis of variance indicated significant main effects for the psychological variables across time, age, and workload. Hospital staff reported an increase in burnout levels throughout the eight-months. Significant negative relationships were observed between resilience and burnout, and between resilience and stress. A backward regression highlighted the contribution of resilience, stress, age, and nursing roles on burnout. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that resilience contributed to the stress-burnout relationship. This study strengthens the evidence between resilience and burnout among healthcare workers and hospital staff and highlights the need for psychological wellbeing programs to be implemented for hospital staff impacted by a prolonged worldwide pandemic.
- Authors: Armstrong, Samantha , Porter, Joanne , Larkins, Jo-Ann , Mesagno, Christopher
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC health services research Vol. 22, no. 1 (2022), p. 1-1115
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed huge strain on hospital staff around the world. The aim of the current longitudinal study was to investigate the resilience, stress and burnout of hospital staff located at a large, regional hospital in Victoria, Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic over time via cross-sectional surveys. The surveys were disseminated six times from August 2020 to March 2021, with the first three data collection points distributed during a state-wide lockdown. A total of 558 responses from various professional roles within the hospital over the survey period were included in the sample. Analysis of variance indicated significant main effects for the psychological variables across time, age, and workload. Hospital staff reported an increase in burnout levels throughout the eight-months. Significant negative relationships were observed between resilience and burnout, and between resilience and stress. A backward regression highlighted the contribution of resilience, stress, age, and nursing roles on burnout. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that resilience contributed to the stress-burnout relationship. This study strengthens the evidence between resilience and burnout among healthcare workers and hospital staff and highlights the need for psychological wellbeing programs to be implemented for hospital staff impacted by a prolonged worldwide pandemic.
Exploring mental health clinicians' perceptions of the zero suicide prevention Initiative
- Porter, Joanne, Dabkowski, Elissa, Connolly, Owen, Prokopiv, Valerie
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Dabkowski, Elissa , Connolly, Owen , Prokopiv, Valerie
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol. 31, no. 3 (2022), p. 536-543
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- Description: Suicide continues to impact rural and regional families and communities across Australia and has become a key focus of healthcare, research, and government policy in recent years. The challenge for healthcare organizations is to translate policy visions and research for clinicians to effectively embed in day to day practice when supporting people who experience suicidal crisis. This study explored the introduction of an evidence-based Zero Suicide framework that includes a suicide prevention pathway and training package to a rural and regional community mental health team in Victoria, Australia. A qualitative semi-structured interview technique was used to explore the perceptions of mental health clinicians of the Zero Suicide approach, the training package and the barriers to inform its implementation across a specialist mental health service. Clinicians were complimentary of the intent of Zero Suicide and the training package and felt they had increased confidence in delivering suicide safe care. Four major themes were identified through thematic analysis: (i) Minimizing risk with realistic expectations; (ii) A good approach to making a difference; (iii) Lessons learnt; and (iv) Barriers to implementation needing to change culture. Overall participants identified the importance of continued regular suicide prevention training for all staff but also in tailoring it to different consumer and clinician needs. In addition, organizational structure and adequate staff resourcing were important to participants as was working within a safety culture. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Dabkowski, Elissa , Connolly, Owen , Prokopiv, Valerie
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol. 31, no. 3 (2022), p. 536-543
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Suicide continues to impact rural and regional families and communities across Australia and has become a key focus of healthcare, research, and government policy in recent years. The challenge for healthcare organizations is to translate policy visions and research for clinicians to effectively embed in day to day practice when supporting people who experience suicidal crisis. This study explored the introduction of an evidence-based Zero Suicide framework that includes a suicide prevention pathway and training package to a rural and regional community mental health team in Victoria, Australia. A qualitative semi-structured interview technique was used to explore the perceptions of mental health clinicians of the Zero Suicide approach, the training package and the barriers to inform its implementation across a specialist mental health service. Clinicians were complimentary of the intent of Zero Suicide and the training package and felt they had increased confidence in delivering suicide safe care. Four major themes were identified through thematic analysis: (i) Minimizing risk with realistic expectations; (ii) A good approach to making a difference; (iii) Lessons learnt; and (iv) Barriers to implementation needing to change culture. Overall participants identified the importance of continued regular suicide prevention training for all staff but also in tailoring it to different consumer and clinician needs. In addition, organizational structure and adequate staff resourcing were important to participants as was working within a safety culture. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Mental health at the COVID-19 frontline : an assessment of distress, fear, and coping among staff and attendees at screening clinics of rural/regional settings of Victoria, Australia
- Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ford, Dale, Sousa, Grace, Hedley, Lorraine, Greenstock, Louise, Cross, Wendy, Brumby, Susan
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Ford, Dale , Sousa, Grace , Hedley, Lorraine , Greenstock, Louise , Cross, Wendy , Brumby, Susan
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Rural Health Vol. 38, no. 4 (2022), p. 773-787
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- Description: Purpose: Research examining psychological well-being associated with COVID-19 in rural/regional Australia is limited. This study aimed to assess the extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping strategies among the attendees in COVID-19 screening clinics at 2 rural Victorian settings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2020 to February 2021 inclusive. Participants were invited to fill in an online questionnaire. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to assess psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping, respectively. Findings: Among 702 total participants, 69% were females and mean age (±SD) was 49 (±15.8) years. One in 5 participants (156, 22%) experienced high to very high psychological distress, 1 in 10 (72, 10%) experienced high fear, and more than half (397, 57%) had medium to high resilient coping. Participants with mental health issues had higher distress (AOR 10.4, 95% CI: 6.25-17.2) and fear (2.56, 1.41-4.66). Higher distress was also associated with having comorbidities, increased smoking (5.71, 1.04-31.4), and alcohol drinking (2.03, 1.21-3.40). Higher fear was associated with negative financial impact, drinking alcohol (2.15, 1.06-4.37), and increased alcohol drinking. Medium to high resilient coping was associated with being ≥60 years old (1.84, 1.04-3.24) and completing Bachelor and above levels of education. Conclusion: People who had pre-existing mental health issues, comorbidities, smoked, and consumed alcohol were identified as high-risk groups for poorer psychological well-being in rural/regional Victoria. Specific interventions to support the mental well-being of these vulnerable populations, along with engaging health care providers, should be considered. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Rural Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of National Rural Health Association.
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Ford, Dale , Sousa, Grace , Hedley, Lorraine , Greenstock, Louise , Cross, Wendy , Brumby, Susan
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Rural Health Vol. 38, no. 4 (2022), p. 773-787
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: Research examining psychological well-being associated with COVID-19 in rural/regional Australia is limited. This study aimed to assess the extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping strategies among the attendees in COVID-19 screening clinics at 2 rural Victorian settings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2020 to February 2021 inclusive. Participants were invited to fill in an online questionnaire. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to assess psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping, respectively. Findings: Among 702 total participants, 69% were females and mean age (±SD) was 49 (±15.8) years. One in 5 participants (156, 22%) experienced high to very high psychological distress, 1 in 10 (72, 10%) experienced high fear, and more than half (397, 57%) had medium to high resilient coping. Participants with mental health issues had higher distress (AOR 10.4, 95% CI: 6.25-17.2) and fear (2.56, 1.41-4.66). Higher distress was also associated with having comorbidities, increased smoking (5.71, 1.04-31.4), and alcohol drinking (2.03, 1.21-3.40). Higher fear was associated with negative financial impact, drinking alcohol (2.15, 1.06-4.37), and increased alcohol drinking. Medium to high resilient coping was associated with being ≥60 years old (1.84, 1.04-3.24) and completing Bachelor and above levels of education. Conclusion: People who had pre-existing mental health issues, comorbidities, smoked, and consumed alcohol were identified as high-risk groups for poorer psychological well-being in rural/regional Victoria. Specific interventions to support the mental well-being of these vulnerable populations, along with engaging health care providers, should be considered. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Rural Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of National Rural Health Association.
Mental health nurses perceptions of missed nursing care in acute inpatient units : a multi-method approach
- Joseph, Bindu, Plummer, Virginia, Cross, Wendy
- Authors: Joseph, Bindu , Plummer, Virginia , Cross, Wendy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol. 31, no. 3 (2022), p. 697-707
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- Description: Nurses have key roles in caring for hospitalized patients. Missed nursing care can lead to adverse outcomes, from minor discomfort to patient death. Mental health nurses have a significant role in advancing knowledge and practice due to missed, delayed, or unfinished nursing care. They are identifying, escalating, and managing warning signs of mental and physical health deterioration where the risk to patients is high in terms of compromised care quality and neglect and the evidence is scant. This study aimed to examine mental health nurses’ perceptions of missed nursing care in acute mental health inpatient units in an Australian regional health service. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken using a modified Kalisch Phelan MISSCARE questionnaire and a qualitative content analysis was undertaken for narrative responses. Of 70 participants, the majority were aged 30–44 years, with >5 years of experience. The results indicated that care planning, safety audits, communication, and assessment of oral intake were perceived as care most frequently missed. Factors contributing to missed care need urgent exploration to ensure timely reduction of patient risk and enhancements to safe quality care. © 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
- Authors: Joseph, Bindu , Plummer, Virginia , Cross, Wendy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol. 31, no. 3 (2022), p. 697-707
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Nurses have key roles in caring for hospitalized patients. Missed nursing care can lead to adverse outcomes, from minor discomfort to patient death. Mental health nurses have a significant role in advancing knowledge and practice due to missed, delayed, or unfinished nursing care. They are identifying, escalating, and managing warning signs of mental and physical health deterioration where the risk to patients is high in terms of compromised care quality and neglect and the evidence is scant. This study aimed to examine mental health nurses’ perceptions of missed nursing care in acute mental health inpatient units in an Australian regional health service. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken using a modified Kalisch Phelan MISSCARE questionnaire and a qualitative content analysis was undertaken for narrative responses. Of 70 participants, the majority were aged 30–44 years, with >5 years of experience. The results indicated that care planning, safety audits, communication, and assessment of oral intake were perceived as care most frequently missed. Factors contributing to missed care need urgent exploration to ensure timely reduction of patient risk and enhancements to safe quality care. © 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Methods and applications of social media monitoring of mental health during disasters : scoping review
- Teague, Samantha, Shatte, Adrian, Weller, Emmelyn, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Hutchinson, Delyse
- Authors: Teague, Samantha , Shatte, Adrian , Weller, Emmelyn , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew , Hutchinson, Delyse
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: JMIR Mental Health Vol. 9, no. 2 (2022), p.
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: With the increasing frequency and magnitude of disasters internationally, there is growing research and clinical interest in the application of social media sites for disaster mental health surveillance. However, important questions remain regarding the extent to which unstructured social media data can be harnessed for clinically meaningful decision-making. Objective: This comprehensive scoping review synthesizes interdisciplinary literature with a particular focus on research methods and applications. Methods: A total of 6 health and computer science databases were searched for studies published before April 20, 2021, resulting in the identification of 47 studies. Included studies were published in peer-reviewed outlets and examined mental health during disasters or crises by using social media data. Results: Applications across 31 mental health issues were identified, which were grouped into the following three broader themes: estimating mental health burden, planning or evaluating interventions and policies, and knowledge discovery. Mental health assessments were completed by primarily using lexical dictionaries and human annotations. The analyses included a range of supervised and unsupervised machine learning, statistical modeling, and qualitative techniques. The overall reporting quality was poor, with key details such as the total number of users and data features often not being reported. Further, biases in sample selection and related limitations in generalizability were often overlooked. Conclusions: The application of social media monitoring has considerable potential for measuring mental health impacts on populations during disasters. Studies have primarily conceptualized mental health in broad terms, such as distress or negative affect, but greater focus is required on validating mental health assessments. There was little evidence for the clinical integration of social media-based disaster mental health monitoring, such as combining surveillance with social media-based interventions or developing and testing real-world disaster management tools. To address issues with study quality, a structured set of reporting guidelines is recommended to improve the methodological quality, replicability, and clinical relevance of future research on the social media monitoring of mental health during disasters. © 2022 Samantha J Teague, Adrian B R Shatte, Emmelyn Weller, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Delyse M Hutchinson.
- Authors: Teague, Samantha , Shatte, Adrian , Weller, Emmelyn , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew , Hutchinson, Delyse
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: JMIR Mental Health Vol. 9, no. 2 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: With the increasing frequency and magnitude of disasters internationally, there is growing research and clinical interest in the application of social media sites for disaster mental health surveillance. However, important questions remain regarding the extent to which unstructured social media data can be harnessed for clinically meaningful decision-making. Objective: This comprehensive scoping review synthesizes interdisciplinary literature with a particular focus on research methods and applications. Methods: A total of 6 health and computer science databases were searched for studies published before April 20, 2021, resulting in the identification of 47 studies. Included studies were published in peer-reviewed outlets and examined mental health during disasters or crises by using social media data. Results: Applications across 31 mental health issues were identified, which were grouped into the following three broader themes: estimating mental health burden, planning or evaluating interventions and policies, and knowledge discovery. Mental health assessments were completed by primarily using lexical dictionaries and human annotations. The analyses included a range of supervised and unsupervised machine learning, statistical modeling, and qualitative techniques. The overall reporting quality was poor, with key details such as the total number of users and data features often not being reported. Further, biases in sample selection and related limitations in generalizability were often overlooked. Conclusions: The application of social media monitoring has considerable potential for measuring mental health impacts on populations during disasters. Studies have primarily conceptualized mental health in broad terms, such as distress or negative affect, but greater focus is required on validating mental health assessments. There was little evidence for the clinical integration of social media-based disaster mental health monitoring, such as combining surveillance with social media-based interventions or developing and testing real-world disaster management tools. To address issues with study quality, a structured set of reporting guidelines is recommended to improve the methodological quality, replicability, and clinical relevance of future research on the social media monitoring of mental health during disasters. © 2022 Samantha J Teague, Adrian B R Shatte, Emmelyn Weller, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Delyse M Hutchinson.
Multimodal educational data fusion for students' mental health detection
- Guo, Teng, Zhao, Wenhong, Alrashoud, Mubarak, Tolba, Amr, Firmin, Sally, Xia, Feng
- Authors: Guo, Teng , Zhao, Wenhong , Alrashoud, Mubarak , Tolba, Amr , Firmin, Sally , Xia, Feng
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 10, no. (2022), p. 70370-70382
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Mental health issues can lead to serious consequences like depression, self-mutilation, and worse, especially for university students who are not physically and mentally mature. Not all students with poor mental health are aware of their situation and actively seek help. Proactive detection of mental problems is a critical step in addressing this issue. However, accurate detections are hard to achieve due to the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of unstructured multi-modal data generated by campus life. Against this background, we propose a detection framework for detecting students' mental health, named CASTLE (educational data fusion for mental health detection). Three parts are involved in this framework. First, we utilize representation learning to fuse data on social life, academic performance, and physical appearance. An algorithm, named MOON (multi-view social network embedding), is proposed to represent students' social life in a comprehensive way by fusing students' heterogeneous social relations effectively. Second, a synthetic minority oversampling technique algorithm (SMOTE) is applied to the label imbalance issue. Finally, a DNN (deep neural network) model is utilized for the final detection. The extensive results demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed methods in comparison to an extensive range of state-of-the-art baselines. © 2013 IEEE.
- Authors: Guo, Teng , Zhao, Wenhong , Alrashoud, Mubarak , Tolba, Amr , Firmin, Sally , Xia, Feng
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 10, no. (2022), p. 70370-70382
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Mental health issues can lead to serious consequences like depression, self-mutilation, and worse, especially for university students who are not physically and mentally mature. Not all students with poor mental health are aware of their situation and actively seek help. Proactive detection of mental problems is a critical step in addressing this issue. However, accurate detections are hard to achieve due to the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of unstructured multi-modal data generated by campus life. Against this background, we propose a detection framework for detecting students' mental health, named CASTLE (educational data fusion for mental health detection). Three parts are involved in this framework. First, we utilize representation learning to fuse data on social life, academic performance, and physical appearance. An algorithm, named MOON (multi-view social network embedding), is proposed to represent students' social life in a comprehensive way by fusing students' heterogeneous social relations effectively. Second, a synthetic minority oversampling technique algorithm (SMOTE) is applied to the label imbalance issue. Finally, a DNN (deep neural network) model is utilized for the final detection. The extensive results demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed methods in comparison to an extensive range of state-of-the-art baselines. © 2013 IEEE.
Nursing and midwifery students’ mental health status and intention to leave during Covid-19 pandemic
- Haririan, Hamidreza, Samadi, Parisa, Lalezari, Elnaz, Habibzadeh, Sajad, Porter, Joanne
- Authors: Haririan, Hamidreza , Samadi, Parisa , Lalezari, Elnaz , Habibzadeh, Sajad , Porter, Joanne
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: SAGE Open Nursing Vol. 8, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: COVID-19 has not only affected the physical health of people but it has also had a major impact on their mental health. Objective: To investigate the nursing, midwifery, and operating room students’ mental health and intention to leave during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the nursing and midwifery school of Tabriz, Iran. Over a period of three months (February–May 2021) and through random sampling, 284 students were selected. The research tool consisted of three parts including demographic information, Depression Anxiety Stress scales, and a questionnaire on intention to leave. Results: More than 20% of the students experienced some degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress. Nearly one-third of participants mentioned a high level of intention to leave. Nursing students had a higher level of a turnover tendency than other students (p =.004). Male students and who experienced moderate to high level of depression displayed greater intention to leave (p =.005). Conclusion: Students suffered from some degrees of stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19, and it strengthened the participants’ intention to leave. Relevant authorities are recommended to improve mental health of the students by providing psychological counseling sessions, reducing their direct contact with patients, and providing personal protective equipment. © The Author(s) 2022.
Nursing and midwifery students’ mental health status and intention to leave during Covid-19 pandemic
- Authors: Haririan, Hamidreza , Samadi, Parisa , Lalezari, Elnaz , Habibzadeh, Sajad , Porter, Joanne
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: SAGE Open Nursing Vol. 8, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: COVID-19 has not only affected the physical health of people but it has also had a major impact on their mental health. Objective: To investigate the nursing, midwifery, and operating room students’ mental health and intention to leave during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the nursing and midwifery school of Tabriz, Iran. Over a period of three months (February–May 2021) and through random sampling, 284 students were selected. The research tool consisted of three parts including demographic information, Depression Anxiety Stress scales, and a questionnaire on intention to leave. Results: More than 20% of the students experienced some degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress. Nearly one-third of participants mentioned a high level of intention to leave. Nursing students had a higher level of a turnover tendency than other students (p =.004). Male students and who experienced moderate to high level of depression displayed greater intention to leave (p =.005). Conclusion: Students suffered from some degrees of stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19, and it strengthened the participants’ intention to leave. Relevant authorities are recommended to improve mental health of the students by providing psychological counseling sessions, reducing their direct contact with patients, and providing personal protective equipment. © The Author(s) 2022.
Psychological distress among bangladeshi dental students during the covid-19 pandemic
- Sabrina, Farah, Chowdhury, Mohammad, Nath, Sujan, Imon, Ashik, Abdul Quader, S., Jahan, Md Shahed, Noor, Ashek, Podder, Clopa, Gainju, Unisha, Niroula, Rina, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Sabrina, Farah , Chowdhury, Mohammad , Nath, Sujan , Imon, Ashik , Abdul Quader, S. , Jahan, Md Shahed , Noor, Ashek , Podder, Clopa , Gainju, Unisha , Niroula, Rina , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, no. 1 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
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- Description: Background: Psychological sufferings are observed among dental students during their academic years, which had been intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study assessed the levels and identified factors associated with psychological distress, fear and coping experienced by dental undergraduate students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional online survey was conducted during October-November, 2021. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used in order to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Results: A total of 327 students participated; the majority (72%) were 19–23 years old and females (75%). One in five participants were infected with COVID-19 and 15% reported contact with COVID-19 cases. Negative financial impact (AOR 3.72, 95% CIs 1.28–10.8), recent or past COVID-19 infection, and contact with COVID-19 cases were associated with higher levels of psychological distress; but being a third year student (0.14, 0.04–0.55) and being satisfied about current social life (0.11, 0.03–0.33) were associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Being a third year (0.17, 0.08–0.39) and a fourth year student (0.29, 0.12–0.71) were associated with lower levels of fear. Health care service use and feeling positive about life were associated with medium to high resilience coping. Conclusions: This study identified dental students in Bangladesh who were at higher risk of psychological distress, fear and coping during the ongoing pandemic. Development of a mental health support system within dental institutions should be considered in addition to the academic and clinical teaching. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- Authors: Sabrina, Farah , Chowdhury, Mohammad , Nath, Sujan , Imon, Ashik , Abdul Quader, S. , Jahan, Md Shahed , Noor, Ashek , Podder, Clopa , Gainju, Unisha , Niroula, Rina , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, no. 1 (2022), p.
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- Description: Background: Psychological sufferings are observed among dental students during their academic years, which had been intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study assessed the levels and identified factors associated with psychological distress, fear and coping experienced by dental undergraduate students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional online survey was conducted during October-November, 2021. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used in order to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Results: A total of 327 students participated; the majority (72%) were 19–23 years old and females (75%). One in five participants were infected with COVID-19 and 15% reported contact with COVID-19 cases. Negative financial impact (AOR 3.72, 95% CIs 1.28–10.8), recent or past COVID-19 infection, and contact with COVID-19 cases were associated with higher levels of psychological distress; but being a third year student (0.14, 0.04–0.55) and being satisfied about current social life (0.11, 0.03–0.33) were associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Being a third year (0.17, 0.08–0.39) and a fourth year student (0.29, 0.12–0.71) were associated with lower levels of fear. Health care service use and feeling positive about life were associated with medium to high resilience coping. Conclusions: This study identified dental students in Bangladesh who were at higher risk of psychological distress, fear and coping during the ongoing pandemic. Development of a mental health support system within dental institutions should be considered in addition to the academic and clinical teaching. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Psychological distress, fear and coping strategies during the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Germany
- Elsayed, Mohamed, Schönfeldt-Lecuona, Carlos, Welte, Xenia, Dardeer, Khaled, Kamal, Manar, Abdelnaby, Ramy, Rudek, Markus, Riedel, Evelyne, Denkinger, Michael, Gahr, Maximilian, Connemann, Bernhard, Alif, Sheikh, Banik, Biswajit, Cross, Wendy, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Elsayed, Mohamed , Schönfeldt-Lecuona, Carlos , Welte, Xenia , Dardeer, Khaled , Kamal, Manar , Abdelnaby, Ramy , Rudek, Markus , Riedel, Evelyne , Denkinger, Michael , Gahr, Maximilian , Connemann, Bernhard , Alif, Sheikh , Banik, Biswajit , Cross, Wendy , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 13, no. (2022), p.
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- Description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed enormous psychological discomfort and fear across the globe, including Germany. Objectives: To assess the levels of COVID-19 associated psychological distress and fear amongst Southern German population, and to identify their coping strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the region of Ulm, Southern Germany. Assessment inventories were the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), which were valid and reliable tools. Results: A total of 474 Individuals participated in the study. The mean age was 33.6 years, and 327 (69%) were females. Most participants (n = 381, 80.4%) had high levels of psychological distress, whereas only 5.1% had high levels of fear, and two-thirds of participants showed higher levels of coping. Moderate to very high levels of psychological distress were associated with being female, living alone, distress due to employment changes, experiencing financial impact, having multiple co-morbidities, being a smoker, increased alcohol use over the previous 6 months, contact with COVID-19 cases and healthcare providers for COVID-19-related stress. Individuals who were
- Authors: Elsayed, Mohamed , Schönfeldt-Lecuona, Carlos , Welte, Xenia , Dardeer, Khaled , Kamal, Manar , Abdelnaby, Ramy , Rudek, Markus , Riedel, Evelyne , Denkinger, Michael , Gahr, Maximilian , Connemann, Bernhard , Alif, Sheikh , Banik, Biswajit , Cross, Wendy , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 13, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed enormous psychological discomfort and fear across the globe, including Germany. Objectives: To assess the levels of COVID-19 associated psychological distress and fear amongst Southern German population, and to identify their coping strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the region of Ulm, Southern Germany. Assessment inventories were the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), which were valid and reliable tools. Results: A total of 474 Individuals participated in the study. The mean age was 33.6 years, and 327 (69%) were females. Most participants (n = 381, 80.4%) had high levels of psychological distress, whereas only 5.1% had high levels of fear, and two-thirds of participants showed higher levels of coping. Moderate to very high levels of psychological distress were associated with being female, living alone, distress due to employment changes, experiencing financial impact, having multiple co-morbidities, being a smoker, increased alcohol use over the previous 6 months, contact with COVID-19 cases and healthcare providers for COVID-19-related stress. Individuals who were
Psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers : cross-sectional analyses from 14 countries
- Ghozy, Sherief, Cross, Wendy, Islam, Shariful, Al-Mawali, Adhra Hilal, AlQurashi, Alaa Ashraf, Hamza, Amr, Joseph, Bindu, Banik, Biswajit, Elsori, Deena H., Sultana, Farhana, Yasmin, Farhana, Mahmud, Ilias, Lam, Louisa, Hammoud, Majeda, Salehin, Masudus, Keblawi, Mohammed Ali, Eltewacy, Nael Kamel, Al Laham, Nahed, El-Khazragy, Nashwa, Oli, Natalia, Tungpunkom, Patraporn, Almustanyir, Sami, Chair, Sek, Alif, Sheikh, Al-Madhoun, Sondos, Chien, Wai Tong, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Ghozy, Sherief , Cross, Wendy , Islam, Shariful , Al-Mawali, Adhra Hilal , AlQurashi, Alaa Ashraf , Hamza, Amr , Joseph, Bindu , Banik, Biswajit , Elsori, Deena H. , Sultana, Farhana , Yasmin, Farhana , Mahmud, Ilias , Lam, Louisa , Hammoud, Majeda , Salehin, Masudus , Keblawi, Mohammed Ali , Eltewacy, Nael Kamel , Al Laham, Nahed , El-Khazragy, Nashwa , Oli, Natalia , Tungpunkom, Patraporn , Almustanyir, Sami , Chair, Sek , Alif, Sheikh , Al-Madhoun, Sondos , Chien, Wai Tong , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Glob. Ment. Health Vol. 9, no. (2022), p. 328-338
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- Description: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been impacted psychologically due to their professional responsibilities over the prolonged era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The study aimed to identify the predictors of psychological distress, fear, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic among HCWs. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among self-identified HCWs across 14 countries (12 from Asia and two from Africa). The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to assess the psychological distress, fear, and coping of HCWs, respectively. A total of 2447 HCWs participated 36% were doctors, and 42% were nurses, with a mean age of 36 (±12) years, and 70% were females. Moderate to very-high psychological distress was prevalent in 67% of the HCWs the lowest rate was reported in the United Arab Emirates (1%) and the highest in Indonesia (16%). The prevalence of high levels of fear was 20% the lowest rate was reported in Libya (9%) and the highest in Egypt (32%). The prevalence of medium-to-high resilient coping was 63% the lowest rate was reported in Libya (28%) and the highest in Syria (76%). COVID-19 has augmented the psychological distress among HCWs. Factors identified in this study should be considered in managing the wellbeing of HCWs, who had been serving as the frontline drivers in managing the crisis successfully across all participating countries. Furthermore, interventions to address their psychological distress should be considered.
- Authors: Ghozy, Sherief , Cross, Wendy , Islam, Shariful , Al-Mawali, Adhra Hilal , AlQurashi, Alaa Ashraf , Hamza, Amr , Joseph, Bindu , Banik, Biswajit , Elsori, Deena H. , Sultana, Farhana , Yasmin, Farhana , Mahmud, Ilias , Lam, Louisa , Hammoud, Majeda , Salehin, Masudus , Keblawi, Mohammed Ali , Eltewacy, Nael Kamel , Al Laham, Nahed , El-Khazragy, Nashwa , Oli, Natalia , Tungpunkom, Patraporn , Almustanyir, Sami , Chair, Sek , Alif, Sheikh , Al-Madhoun, Sondos , Chien, Wai Tong , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Glob. Ment. Health Vol. 9, no. (2022), p. 328-338
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been impacted psychologically due to their professional responsibilities over the prolonged era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The study aimed to identify the predictors of psychological distress, fear, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic among HCWs. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among self-identified HCWs across 14 countries (12 from Asia and two from Africa). The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to assess the psychological distress, fear, and coping of HCWs, respectively. A total of 2447 HCWs participated 36% were doctors, and 42% were nurses, with a mean age of 36 (±12) years, and 70% were females. Moderate to very-high psychological distress was prevalent in 67% of the HCWs the lowest rate was reported in the United Arab Emirates (1%) and the highest in Indonesia (16%). The prevalence of high levels of fear was 20% the lowest rate was reported in Libya (9%) and the highest in Egypt (32%). The prevalence of medium-to-high resilient coping was 63% the lowest rate was reported in Libya (28%) and the highest in Syria (76%). COVID-19 has augmented the psychological distress among HCWs. Factors identified in this study should be considered in managing the wellbeing of HCWs, who had been serving as the frontline drivers in managing the crisis successfully across all participating countries. Furthermore, interventions to address their psychological distress should be considered.