- Title
- Review of Nepal's protected area laws in relation to human wildlife conflict
- Creator
- Bhattarai, Babu; Wright, Wendy; Morgan, Damian
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- Text; Book chapter
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/178605
- Identifier
- vital:15420
- Identifier
- ISBN:9781536193589 (ISBN); 9781536192766 (ISBN)
- Abstract
- Laws and policies are critical in facilitating positive or negative outcomes where humans and wildlife have potential to interact. This chapter provides a historical overview of Nepal's protected areas and reviews the Nepalese conservation laws to explore whether they, through enactment, have the capacity to reduce the frequency and consequently the impact of human wildlife conflict (HWC). This chapter also provides useful insights for the formulation of new conservation laws, or the revision of existing conservation laws, to prevent and mitigate HWC. Nepal's conservation laws were formulated in the early 1970s, when modern protected areas were first being established in the country. Initially, Nepal followed the Yellowstone Model, an exclusionary approach involving the removal of local people from areas within the boundaries of the new National Parks. The intent was to separate humans and protected areas, measures that are often commended as effective in reducing interactions between humans and wildlife. Over time, the gradual relaxation of strict rules of exclusion, including the granting of rights to local people to access resources inside protected areas, have encouraged a move towards a coexistence approach. This later approach (coexistence) condoned, or at least allowed for, more contact between humans and wildlife, and may have increased the potential for HWC. Subsequent amendments to the conservation laws-including provisions for wildlife population management-may have gone some way toward reducing HWC; however, these amendments lack clarity and have been poorly implemented. This article recommends active implementation of laws that may reduce interactions between humans and wildlife and suggests improved compensation policies for wildlife damage. © 2021 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
- Publisher
- Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
- Relation
- Protected Areas: Management, Benefits and Social Impacts p. 167-198
- Rights
- All metadata describing materials held in, or linked to, the repository is freely available under a CC0 licence
- Rights
- Copyright © 2021 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
- Subject
- Compensation; Conservation law; Human-wildlife conflict; Protected area
- Reviewed
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