http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11606 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:54 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11585 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:53 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:17182  1,050 fire-affected taxa, we selected 173 whose distributions substantially overlapped the fire extent. We estimated the proportion of each taxon’s distribution affected by fires, using fire severity and aquatic impact mapping, and new distribution mapping. Using expert elicitation informed by evidence of responses to previous wildfires, we estimated local population responses to fires of varying severity. We combined the spatial and elicitation data to estimate overall population loss and recovery trajectories, and thus indicate potential eligibility for listing as threatened, or uplisting, under Australian legislation. Results: We estimate that the 2019–2020 Australian megafires caused, or contributed to, population declines that make 70–82 taxa eligible for listing as threatened; and another 21–27 taxa eligible for uplisting. If so-listed, this represents a 22–26% increase in Australian statutory lists of threatened terrestrial and freshwater vertebrates and spiny crayfish, and uplisting for 8–10% of threatened taxa. Such changes would cause an abrupt worsening of underlying trajectories in vertebrates, as measured by Red List Indices. We predict that 54–88% of 173 assessed taxa will not recover to pre-fire population size within 10 years/three generations. Main conclusions: We suggest the 2019–2020 Australian megafires have worsened the conservation prospects for many species. Of the 91 taxa recommended for listing/uplisting consideration, 84 are now under formal review through national processes. Improving predictions about taxon vulnerability with empirical data on population responses, reducing the likelihood of future catastrophic events and mitigating their impacts on biodiversity, are critical. © 2022 The Authors. Global Ecology and Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Diana Kuchinke” is provided in this record**]]> Tue 31 Jan 2023 11:11:56 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:17170 Tue 31 Jan 2023 10:43:48 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:18323 Mon 18 Dec 2023 14:52:12 AEDT ]]>