http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14491 0.05). Conclusions: HIIT is an effective method to improve CRF in adolescents, irrespective of body composition. Notably, meta regression analysis identified that prolonged high volume HIIT programs are similarly effective to short term low volume HIIT programs. This becomes of particular interest for those involved in school curricula, where short HIIT exercise may provide a pragmatic adjunct to the health benefits of Physical Education (PE) lessons. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:35 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14164 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:15 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11795 0.04 ng/mL), after performing high-intensity cycle ergometer sprints. As creatine kinase (CK) is expressed by multiple organs (e.g., skeletal muscle, brain, and myocardium), cTnI assays were performed to determine any changes in total serum CK levels not originating from skeletal muscle damage. Diagnosis: A posteriori the individual's daily energy expenditure indicated chronically low-energy availability. Psychometric testing suggested that the individual scored positive for disordered eating, highly for fatigue levels, and low in mental health components. Outcomes: The current case report provides novel evidence of elevated cTnI occurring as a result of performing short duration, high intensity, cycle ergometer exercise in an individual with self-reported chronically depleted energy balance. A schematic to identify potentially “at risk” individuals is presented. Lessons: Considering this as a case report, results cannot be generalized; however, the main findings suggest that individuals who habitually restrict their calorie intake below their bodies’ daily energy requirements, may have elevated biomarkers of exercise induced myocardial stress from performing high-intensity exercise.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:05 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11807 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:05 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11788 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:04 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11794 0.05). The highest mean thoracic and lumbarES muscle-activation levels were displayed in the forward swing (67–99% MVC) and acceleration (83–106% MVC) phases of the swing for all clubs tested. The findings from this study show that there wereno significant statistical differences between the driver, 4-iron, 7-iron and pitching-wedge whenexamining muscle activity from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the ES muscle.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:04 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11793 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:04 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11748 0.05). When using the undersize grip, club head speed significantly increased (p = 0.044). During the backswing and downswing phases, amateurs produced significantly greater forearm muscle activity with all three grip sizes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, forearm muscle activity is not affected by grip sizes. However, club head speed increases when using undersize grips.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:01 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11736 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:01 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11747 .05). Significant changes were displayed in MDF and RMS in the lead lower lumbar and all trail regions of the erector-spinae muscle when comparing the MVC performed before and after the session (p < .05). Fatigue was evident in the trail side of the erector-spinae muscle after the session.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:01 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11716 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:00 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11712 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:57:00 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11695 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11696 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11711 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11697 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11704 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11693 3 months (SA), bodybuilding controls (n = 8) (BC), and (n = 8) sedentary male controls (SC). FEV(1), FVC, and PEF were measured. The results found that all subjects were within normal range, and there were no differences between groups. Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and grip strength were both significantly greater in SU (P < 0.05) compared with SC; no significant difference was found between the other groups. Their MIP and grip strength was significantly correlated (r = 0.57; P < 0.05). The data from this study suggest that the combination of resistance training and AAS administration produce a significant increase in MIP in a cohort of long-term AAS users.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11700 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11699 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11701 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11709 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11708 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this investigation suggested that resting levels of serum T and calculated free-T was unable to distinguish between diverse lifelong training histories in aging men. Further, sal-T was not an appropriate indicator of serum T and calculated free-T values in older males and considerable caution should be exercised when interpreting sal-T measurements in aging males.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11703 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11710 30 years training history]. Blood hormones were sampled pre- and post-intervention from an antecubital forearm vein and analysed using electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Cardiorespiratory fitness ([Formula: see text]) was determined via indirect calorimetry during an incremental cycle test to volitional exhaustion. RESULTS: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a lack of significant change in any parameter amongst LE, whilst SED experienced a significant exercise-induced improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and total testosterone (all p < 0.05). Concurrent increases in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; p < 0.05) resulted in a lack of change to either bioavailable or calculated free testosterone (p > 0.05) amongst SED. CONCLUSIONS: Although resting levels of systemic total testosterone increased in response to 6 weeks of exercise training, increases in SHBG negated any potential relationship between calculated-free or bioavailable testosterone. These findings indicate that increases in bioavailable testosterone fraction are not required for cardiorespiratory fitness improvements in aging men.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11705 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:59 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11673 /=90th percentile for age and gender with concomitant triglyceride concentrations >/=1.24 mmol L(-1) . Cardiometabolic risk profiles were compared using MANCOVA. RESULTS: Normal weight participants with the HTWP had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein 2.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.3 mg L(-1) (P < 0.05) and cardiometabolic risk scores (1.3 +/- 0.3 vs. -0.7 +/- 0.2 and 2.1 +/- 0.4 vs. -0.5 +/- 0.2; both P < 0.05) compared with those of a normal weight without the HTWP. Overweight/obese participants with the HTWP had significantly higher C-reactive protein levels (3.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 2.6 +/- 0.5; P < 0.05) as well as both cardiometabolic risk scores (1.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 0.9 +/- 0.2 and 2.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.2; both P < 0.001) when compared with overweight/obese participants without the HTWP. CONCLUSIONS: The HTWP may serve as a simple and clinically useful approach to identify youth at increased cardiometabolic risk.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:58 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11674 /= 0.5 increased the odds by 5.2 (95% confidence interval 2.6 - 10.3) of having increased cardiometabolic risk. Similar associations were observed for BMI and WC. Both BMI-z and WHtR were fair predictors of increased cardiometabolic risk, although BMI-z demonstrated the best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity, 76.1% and 63.6%, compared with 68.1% and 65.5% for WHtR. Cross-validation analysis revealed that BMI-z and WHtR correctly classified 84% of individuals (kappa score = 0.671, 95% CI 0.55, 0.79). The sensitivity of the cut-points suggests that 89.3% of individuals were correctly classified as being at risk with only 10.7% misdiagnosed whereas the specificity of the cut-points indicated that 77.8% of individuals were correctly identified as being healthy with 22.2% of individuals incorrectly diagnosed as being at risk. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that WHtR provides similar cardiometabolic risk estimates to age and sex adjusted BMI.]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:58 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11209 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:32 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:17308 Thu 23 Feb 2023 11:41:26 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:17733 0.929) and Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (CCA > 0.924) reliability for both the kinematic and temporal parameters. The inter-rater reliability test for the swing time and kinematic golf phase measurements on average were strong. Irrespective of the AVPS software investigated, the cost effective AVPS can produce reliable output measures that benefit golf analyses. © 2022, Crown.]]> Mon 15 May 2023 12:56:12 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11702 Fri 21 Jan 2022 16:28:37 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11694 Fri 12 Nov 2021 12:53:17 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11796 Fri 12 Nov 2021 12:50:24 AEDT ]]>