http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14218 90%) when applied at the four-leaf stage of B. pilosa. However, none of the herbicide treatments involved in this study provided this level of control when applied at the six-leaf stage. In summary, B. pilosa germination has been clearly shown to be stimulated by light and thus its emergence was greatest from the soil surface. This suggests that infestation from this weed will remain as a problem in no-till conservation agriculture systems, the use of which is increasing now throughout the world. It is intended that information generated from this study be used to develop more effective integrated management programs for B. pilosa and similar weeds in commercial agricultural environments which are tending toward conservation approaches. © 2019, The Author(s).]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:18 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14148 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:13 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14115 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:11 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14053 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:02:08 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:13521 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:39 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:13376 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:31 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:13360 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:31 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:13100 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:17 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:13099 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:17 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:12988 Zn > As > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co > Hg > Cd. The status of site was assessed directly by comparing the metal concentrations in the study area with known Australian and Victorian average top soil levels and the health investigation levels set by the National Environmental Protection Measures (NEPM) and the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) of the State of Western Australia. Although, median concentrations of As, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn exceeded the average Australian and Victorian top soil concentrations, only As and Hg exceeded the ecological investigation levels (EIL) set by DEC and thus these metals are considered as risk to the human and aquatic ecosystems health due to their increase in concentration and toxicity. In an environment of climate fluctuation with increased storm events and forest fires may mobilize these toxic metals contaminants, pose a real threat to the environment and the community. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd]]> Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:11 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:12987 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:01:11 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:12176 Wed 07 Apr 2021 14:00:28 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11619 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:55 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11378 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:41 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10788 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:09 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10786 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:56:09 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10279 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:55:37 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4632 Wed 07 Apr 2021 13:44:08 AEST ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:14991 Tue 30 Mar 2021 12:55:23 AEDT ]]> http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:15639 Mon 24 Jan 2022 11:34:13 AEDT ]]>