List of Titles

Whose research agenda is it? Reconciling the views of researchers and sports stakeholders

- Finch, Caroline

Authors: Finch, Caroline
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 51, no. 1 (2017), p. 3-4
Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
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Description: It is now widely recognised that it is important to involve a full range of stakeholders and other research end-users, from the outset when designing and implementing prevention programmes. As long ago as 2003, my team recognised that the views of those actively involved in sport should also be considered when setting research priorities. Findings from our survey of coaches and sports administrators have since informed the direction of much of our sports injury research over the following decade in community Australian Football. There will be similar examples from other sports, even if they have not been formally documented in the sports medicine literature.

Stable trajectory of logistic map

- Li, Chaojie, Zhou, Xiaojun, Gao, David

Authors: Li, Chaojie , Zhou, Xiaojun , Gao, David
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Nonlinear Dynamics Vol. 78, no. 1 (2014), p. 209-217
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Description: In this paper, the stable trajectory of Logistic Map has been investigated by canonical duality theory from the perspective of global optimization. Numerical result of our method shows that it totally differs from traditional chaotic solution solved by Euler method. In addition, we have applied our method to three well-known standard benchmarks in global optimization. Numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results.

Dependable large scale behavioral patterns mining from sensor data using Hadoop platform

- Rashid, Md. Mamunur, Gondal, Iqbal, Kamruzzaman, Joarder

Authors: Rashid, Md. Mamunur , Gondal, Iqbal , Kamruzzaman, Joarder
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Information Sciences Vol. 379, no. (2017), p. 128-145
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Description: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) will be an integral part of the future Internet of Things (loT) environment and generate large volumes of data. However, these data would only be of benefit if useful knowledge can be mined from them. A data mining framework for WSNs includes data extraction, storage and mining techniques, and must be efficient and dependable. In this paper, we propose a new type of behavioral pattern mining technique from sensor data called regularly frequent sensor patterns (RFSPs). RFSPs can identify a set of temporally correlated sensors which can reveal significant knowledge from the monitored data. A distributed data extraction model to prepare the data required for mining RFSPs is proposed, as the distributed scheme ensures higher availability through greater redundancy. The tree structure for RFSP is compact requires less memory and can be constructed using only a single scan through the dataset, and the mining technique is efficient with low runtime. Current mining techniques in the literature on sensor data employ a single memory-based sequential approach and hence are not efficient. Moreover, usage of the. MapReduce model for the distributed solution has not been explored extensively. Since MapReduce is becoming the de facto model for computation on large data, we also propose a parallel implementation of the RFSP mining algorithm, called RFSP on Hadoop (RFSP-H), which uses a MapReduce-based framework to gain further efficiency. Experiments conducted to evaluate the compactness and performance of the data extraction model, RFSP-tree and RFSP-H mining show improved results. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Notes on feasibility and optimality conditions of small-scale multifunction robotic cell scheduling problems with pickup restrictions

- Foumani, Mehdi, Gunawan, Indra, Smith-Miles, Kate, Ibrahim, Yousef

Authors: Foumani, Mehdi , Gunawan, Indra , Smith-Miles, Kate , Ibrahim, Yousef
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 11, no. 3 (2015), p. 821-829
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Description: Optimization of robotic workcells is a growing concern in automated manufacturing systems. This study develops a methodology to maximize the production rate of a multifunction robot (MFR) operating within a rotationally arranged robotic cell. An MFR is able to perform additional special operations while in transit between transferring parts from adjacent processing stages. Considering the free-pickup scenario, the cycle time formulas are initially developed for small-scale cells where an MFR interacts with either two or three machines. A methodology for finding the optimality regions of all possible permutations is presented. The results are then extended to the no-wait pickup scenario in which all parts must be processed from the input hopper to the output hopper, without any interruption either on or between machines. This analysis enables insightful evaluation of the productivity improvements of MFRs in real-life robotized workcells. ©2014 IEEE.

The effects of electrical and thermal boundary condition on the simulation of radiofrequency ablation of liver cancer for tumours located near to the liver boundary

- Ooi, Ean Hin, Lee, Khiy, Yap, Shelley, Khattab, Mahmoud, Liao, Iman, Ooi, Ean Tat, Foo, Ji, Nair, Shalini, Ali, Ahmad

Authors: Ooi, Ean Hin , Lee, Khiy , Yap, Shelley , Khattab, Mahmoud , Liao, Iman , Ooi, Ean Tat , Foo, Ji , Nair, Shalini , Ali, Ahmad
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Computers in Biology and Medicine Vol. 106, no. (2019), p. 12-23
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Description: Effects of different boundary conditions prescribed across the boundaries of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) models of liver cancer are investigated for the case where the tumour is at the liver boundary. Ground and Robin-type conditions (electrical field) and body temperature and thermal insulation (thermal field) conditions are examined. 3D models of the human liver based on publicly-available CT images of the liver are developed. An artificial tumour is placed inside the liver at the boundary. Simulations are carried out using the finite element method. The numerical results indicated that different electrical and thermal boundary conditions led to different predictions of the electrical potential, temperature and thermal coagulation distributions. Ground and body temperature conditions presented an unnatural physical conditions around the ablation site, which results in more intense Joule heating and excessive heat loss from the tissue. This led to thermal damage volumes that are smaller than the cases when the Robin type or the thermal insulation conditions are prescribed. The present study suggests that RFA simulations in the future must take into consideration the choice of the type of electrical and thermal boundary conditions to be prescribed in the case where the tumour is located near to the liver boundary.

Is subsequent lower limb injury associated with previous injury? A systematic review and meta-analysis

- Toohey, Liam, Drew, Michael, Cook, Jill, Finch, Caroline, Gaida, Jamie

Authors: Toohey, Liam , Drew, Michael , Cook, Jill , Finch, Caroline , Gaida, Jamie
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 51, no. 23 (2017), p. 1670-1678
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Description: Background Previous injury is a strong risk factor for recurrent lower limb injury in athletic populations, yet the association between previous injury and a subsequent injury different in nature or location is rarely considered. Objective To systematically review data on the risk of sustaining a subsequent lower limb injury different in nature or location following a previous injury. Methods Eight medical databases were searched. Studies were eligible if they reported lower limb injury occurrence following any injury of a different anatomical site and/or of a different nature, assessed injury risk, contained athletic human participants and were written in English. Two reviewers independently applied the eligibility criteria and performed the risk of bias assessment. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model. Results Twelve studies satisfied the eligibility criteria. Previous history of an ACL injury was associated with an increased risk of subsequent hamstring injury (three studies, RR=2.25, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.76), but a history of chronic groin injury was not associated with subsequent hamstring injury (three studies, RR=1.14, 95% CI 0.29 to 4.51). Previous lower limb muscular injury was associated with an increased risk of sustaining a lower limb muscular injury at a different site. A history of concussion and a variety of joint injuries were associated with an increased subsequent lower limb injury risk. Conclusions The fact that previous injury of any type may increase the risk for a range of lower limb subsequent injuries must be considered in the development of future tertiary prevention programmes. Systematic review registration number CRD42016039904 (PROSPERO). © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Composite cathode based on doped vanadate enhanced with loaded metal nanoparticles for steam electrolysis

- Li, Yuanxin, Wu, Guojian, Ruan, Cong, Zhou, Qi, Wang, Yan, Doherty, Winston, Xie, Kui, Wu, Yucheng

Authors: Li, Yuanxin , Wu, Guojian , Ruan, Cong , Zhou, Qi , Wang, Yan , Doherty, Winston , Xie, Kui , Wu, Yucheng
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 253, no. (2014), p. 349-359
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Description: The use of composite electrodes based on La0.7Sr 0.3VO3 (LSV) for steam electrolysis has uncovered the tremendous potential and capacity inherent in this material. Unfortunately, this material has a major setback of inefficient electrolysis triggered by limited electrocatalytic activity. In this work, an infiltration method is employed to load catalytic-active metal nanoparticles onto the composite electrodes in order to achieve an activity-enhanced electrode performance. The electrical properties of LSV are methodically explored and correlated to electrode performance. At 800 C in either pure H2 or low hydrogen partial pressure (pH2) of 5%H2/N2, the polarization resistance of symmetrical cells with Ni-loaded LSV (LSV-Ni) cathode is largely enhanced, in contrast to bare LSV cathode. Similar improvement is also achieved for the Fe-loaded LSV (LSV-Fe) cathode in a wide range of hydrogen partial pressures of 5%-100%. The Faraday efficiencies of LSV-Ni and LSV-Fe composite cathodes were remarkably improved for electrolysis in either 3%H 2O/4.7H2/Ar or 3%H2O/Ar at 800 C. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An analytical approach for voice capacity estimation over WiFi network using ITU-T E-model

- Siddique, Md, Kamruzzaman, Joarder, Hossain, Md Jahangir

Authors: Siddique, Md , Kamruzzaman, Joarder , Hossain, Md Jahangir
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: IEEE Transactions on Multimedia Vol. 16, no. 2 (2014), p. 360-372
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Description: To ensure customer satisfaction and greater market acceptance, voice over Wi-Fi networks must ensure voice quality under various network parameters, configurations and traffic conditions, and other practical effects, e.g., channel noise, and capturing effects. An accurate voice capacity estimation model considering these factors can greatly assist network designers. In the current work, we propose an analytical model to estimate voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) capacity over Wi-Fi networks addressing these issues. We employ widely used ITU-T E-model to assess voice quality and VoIP call capacity is presented in the form of an optimization problem with voice quality requirement as a constraint. In particular, we analyze delay and loss in channel access and queue, and their impacts on voice quality. The proposed capacity model is first developed for a single hop wireless local area network (WLAN) and then extended for multihop scenarios. To model real network scenario closely, we also consider channel noise and capture effect, and analyze the impacts of transmission range, interference range, and WLAN radius. In absence of any existing call capacity model that considers all the above factors concomitantly, our proposed model will be extremely useful to network designers and voice capacity planners.

Quantification of aqueous monoethanolamine concentration by gas chromatography for postcombustion capture of

- Reynolds, Alicia, Verheyen, Vincent, Adeloju, Samuel, Chaffee, Alan, Meuleman, Erik

Authors: Reynolds, Alicia , Verheyen, Vincent , Adeloju, Samuel , Chaffee, Alan , Meuleman, Erik
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Vol. 53, no. 12 (2014), p. 4805-4811
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Description: The availability of reliable analytical methods for measuring amine concentrations is necessary for optimum operation of aqueous amine CO 2 separation systems being employed for postcombustion capture (PCC) of CO2. A GC-FID (gas chromatography with flame ionization detection) method is described for the reliable quantification of 30% (w/w) monoethanolamine (MEA) in severely degraded solvent samples. The observation of intermittent splitting of the MEA peak was a major concern with this approach. The use of a wide-bore column led to improved MEA peak resolution and peak shape. The reliability and robustness of the GC-FID method were assessed by analyzing degraded 30% (w/w) MEA solvent samples from CSIRO's pilot plant at AGL's Loy Yang power station in Victoria, Australia. The results were compared with those obtained by titration and total organic carbon (TOC) measurements of the same samples. The MEA concentrations obtained by the GC-FID and titration methods were statistically similar. In contrast, the MEA concentrations calculated from TOC were consistently higher than those obtained by both GC-FID and titration. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

Construction of high-order complete scaled boundary shape functions over arbitrary polygons with bubble functions

- Ooi, Ean Tat, Song, Chongmin, Natarajan, Sundararajan

Authors: Ooi, Ean Tat , Song, Chongmin , Natarajan, Sundararajan
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering Vol. 108, no. 9 (2016), p. 1086-1120
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Description: This manuscript presents the development of novel high-order complete shape functions over star-convex polygons based on the scaled boundary finite element method. The boundary of a polygon is discretised using one-dimensional high order shape functions. Within the domain, the shape functions are analytically formulated from the equilibrium conditions of a polygon. These standard scaled boundary shape functions are augmented by introducing additional bubble functions, which renders them high-order complete up to the order of the line elements on the polygon boundary. The bubble functions are also semi-analytical and preserve the displacement compatibility between adjacent polygons. They are derived from the scaled boundary formulation by incorporating body force modes. Higher-order interpolations can be conveniently formulated by simultaneously increasing the order of the shape functions on the polygon boundary and the order of the body force mode. The resulting stiffness-matrices and mass-matrices are integrated numerically along the boundary using standard integration rules and analytically along the radial coordinate within the domain. The bubble functions improve the convergence rate of the scaled boundary finite element method in modal analyses and for problems with non-zero body forces. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and convergence of the developed approach. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Double protection drilling fluid : Optimization for sandstone-like uranium formation

- Hao, Shu-Qing, Kim, Sungho, Qin, Yong, Fu, Xue-Hai

Authors: Hao, Shu-Qing , Kim, Sungho , Qin, Yong , Fu, Xue-Hai
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Applied Clay Science Vol. 88-89, no. (2014), p. 233-238
Full Text: false
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Description: Nuclear energy, an alternative for fossil fuel, is accompanied by the excavation of uranium ores and in turn the use of drilling fluids. Thus, the objective of this study was to optimize the formula of drilling fluid for sandstone-like uranium formation representing the Xinjiang's Yili Basin uranium formation in China. Additives such as Na2CO3, potassium humate (KHM), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), and vegetable gum (VG) were introduced to montmorillonite (Mt) slurry to maximize the performance of drilling fluid in terms of rheological behavior and filtration characteristics. Orthogonal testing, soaking test, and pressure-bearing test were conducted to find the optimum formula of drilling fluid. The maximized performance was achieved with a drilling fluid consisting of 4% Mt, 1.6% Na2CO3, 0.1% KHM, 1.5% Na-CMC, and 0.5% VG. The lowest density and water loss, with a sufficiently high viscosity were achieved with this concentration combination of each additive. Soaking and pressure-bearing tests exhibited no visual changes of a specimen treated with the drilling fluid, which confirmed the result of optimization. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Considerations for the performance requirements and technical specifications of soft-shell padded headgear

- Patton, Declan, McIntosh, Andrew

Authors: Patton, Declan , McIntosh, Andrew
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 230, no. 1 (2016), p. 29-42
Full Text: false
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Description: Laboratory and epidemiological research in Australian football, rugby league and rugby union has demonstrated that commercially available soft-shell padded headgear is currently ineffective in reducing the risk of concussion. However, modified headgear studies have demonstrated that significant improvements in impact energy attenuation performance are possible with small design changes, such as increases in foam density and thickness. A literature review of the design, performance and use of headgear in Australian football, rugby league and rugby union was conducted. A total of 23 articles were identified using primary and secondary search strategies, which included epidemiological field studies, laboratory impact test studies and studies investigating the behaviours and attitudes of players. The results of the review were synthesised and used to identify injury reduction objectives and appropriate design criteria. The need for a headgear standard was identified and performance requirements were discussed, which drew upon human tolerance and sports-specific head impact exposure data. Usability and behavioural issues, which require consideration during the design process, were also assessed. © IMechE 2015.

Adaptive regulatory genes cardinality for reconstructing genetic networks

- Chowdhury, Ahsan, Chetty, Madhu, Vinh, Nguyen

Authors: Chowdhury, Ahsan , Chetty, Madhu , Vinh, Nguyen
Date: 2012
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: WCCI 2012 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence
Full Text: false
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Description: With the advent of microarray technology, researchers are able to determine cellular dynamics for thousands of genes simultaneously, thereby enabling reverse engineering of the gene regulatory network (GRN) from high-throughput time-series gene expression data. Amongst the various currently available models for inferring GRN, the S-System formalism is often considered as an excellent compromise between accuracy and mathematical tractability. In this paper, a novel approach for inferring GRN based on the decoupled S-System model, incorporating the new concept of adaptive regulatory genes cardinality, is proposed. Parameter learning for the S-System is carried out in an evolving manner using a versatile and robust Trigonometric Evolutionary Algorithm. The applicability and efficiency of the proposed method is studied using a well-known and widely studied synthetic network with various levels of noise, and excellent performance observed. Further, investigations of a 5 gene in-vivo synthetic biological network of Saccharomyces cerevisiae called IRMA, has succeeded in detecting higher number of correct regulations compared to other approaches reported earlier.

The impact performance of headguards for combat sports

- McIntosh, Andrew, Patton, Declan

Authors: McIntosh, Andrew , Patton, Declan
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 49, no. 17 (2015), p. 1113-1117
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Description: Background/aim: To assess the impact energy attenuation performance of a range of headguards for combat sports. Methods: Seven headguards worn during combat sport training or competition, including two Association Internationale de Boxe Amateur (AIBA)-approved boxing models, were tested using drop tests. An International Organization for Standardization (ISO) rigid headform was used with a 5.6 kg drop assembly mass. Tests were conducted against a flat rigid anvil both with and without a boxing glove section. The centre forehead and lateral headguard areas were tested. Peak headform acceleration was measured. Tests from a selection of drop heights and repeated tests on the same headguard were conducted. Results: Headguard performance varied by test condition. For the 0.4 m rigid anvil tests, the best model headguard was the thickest producing an average peak headform acceleration over 5 tests of 48 g compared with 456 g for the worst model. The mean peak acceleration for the 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 frontal and lateral rigid anvil impact tests was between 32% and 40% lower for the Top Ten boxing model compared with the Adidas boxing model. The headguard performance deterioration observed with repeat impact against the flat anvil was reduced for impacts against the glove section. The overall reduction in acceleration for the combination of glove and headguard in comparison to the headguard condition was in the range of 72-93% for 0.6 and 0.8 m drop tests. Conclusions: The impact tests show the benefits of performance testing in identifying differences between headguard models.

Development of flexible haptic forceps based on the electrohydraulic transmission system

- Ogawa, Kenji, Ibrahim, Yousef, Ohnishi, Kouhei

Authors: Ogawa, Kenji , Ibrahim, Yousef , Ohnishi, Kouhei
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 14, no. 12 (2018), p. 5256-5267
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Description: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has many benefits, e.g., unnecessary trauma and blood loss can be minimized by opening tiny surgery scars, recovery process of patients can be lessened, and the possibilities of complications can be decreased. The natural orifice transluminal surgery (NOTES) is one of the MIS surgical methodologies. NOTES surgery is performed using an endoscope. This methodology does not rely on making holes to patients' body to insert the medical instruments. Although some medical robots for NOTES have been proposed, current robots mainly suffer from the absence/limitation of haptic feedback to the surgeon's hands. In order to overcome this problem, this paper proposes electro hydraulic transmission system (EHTS) based forceps. The EHTS is a remote actuation system using fluid energy. By using the EHTS, the classical position and force transmission losses will not be influenced by the tube's shape. The validity of the proposal and its advantages have been experimentally verified and presented in this paper.

Increasing compliance with neuromuscular training to prevent ankle sprain in sport : Does the 'Strengthen your ankle' mobile App make a difference? A randomised controlled trial

- van Reijen, Miriam, Vriend, Ingrid, Zuidema, Victor, van Mechelen, Willem, Verhagen, Evert

Authors: van Reijen, Miriam , Vriend, Ingrid , Zuidema, Victor , van Mechelen, Willem , Verhagen, Evert
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 50, no. 19 (2016), p. 1200-1205
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Description: Background: E-health has the potential to facilitate implementation of effective measures to prevent sports injuries. Aim: We evaluated whether an interactive mobile application containing a proven effective exercise programme to prevent recurrent ankle sprains resulted in higher compliance as compared with regular written exercise materials. Methods: 220 athletes participated in this randomised controlled trial with a follow-up of 8 weeks; 110 athletes received a booklet explaining an 8-week neuromuscular training programme; 110 athletes participated in the same programme in an interactive mobile App (Strengthen your ankle). The primary outcome was compliance with the exercise programme. Secondary outcome measure was the incidence density of self-reported recurrent ankle sprains. Results: The mean compliance to the exercise scheme was 73.3% (95% CI 67.7% to 78.1%) in the App group, compared with 76.7% (95% CI 71.9% to 82.3%) in the Booklet group. No significant difference in compliance was found between groups. The incidence densities of self-reported time-loss recurrences were not significantly different between both groups (HR 3.07; 95% CI 0.62 to 15.20). Summary: This study shows that the method of implementing the exercises by using an App or a Booklet does not lead to different compliance rates. New findings: The use of a mobile App or a Booklet lead to similar compliance and injury rates in the short term. Trial registration number: The Netherlands National Trial Register NTR 4027. The NTR is part of the WHO Primary Registries. © 2016, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

A technology review for regeneration of sulfur rich amine systems

- Garg, Bharti, Verheyen, Vincent, Pearson, Pauline, Feron, Paul, Cousins, Ashleigh

Authors: Garg, Bharti , Verheyen, Vincent , Pearson, Pauline , Feron, Paul , Cousins, Ashleigh
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Vol. 75, no. (2018), p. 243-253
Full Text: false
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Description: Reducing the capital cost of post combustion CO2 capture by eliminating flue gas desulfurisation (FGD) pre-treatment, requires management of the amines preferential SO2 absorption. Novel technologies such as CS-Cap restrict the impact of SO2 to only a small fraction of the amine inventory resulting in high sulfate burden amines. Traditional thermal reclamation of these spent absorbents has advantages regarding simplicity, but ranks poorly for industrial ecology around PCC. These amines require low energy regeneration technologies compatible with their physico-chemical properties that also maximise the potential for valorising by-products. This review summarises the sulfur chemistry and outlines several amine reclamation processes. It assesses the status of established and novel regeneration technologies for their applicability to high sulfur loaded amines. Should deep sulfur removal be required, a hybrid approach with initial bulk removal (as product) followed by a polishing step to further reduce sulfur is prospective. A preliminary estimation of the relative cost of using standard reclamation methods for treating Sulfur loaded CS-Cap absorbent revealed the cost would increase due to its higher sulfate burden despite comparable treatment volumes. Research gaps are identified which would enable better comparison between the costs of traditional FGD versus higher reclamation costs for combined capture technologies.

Back to basics with some new tools : First ensure the safety of sporting environments

- Finch, Caroline, Brown, James, Readhead, Clint, Lambert, Mike, Viljoen, Wayne

Authors: Finch, Caroline , Brown, James , Readhead, Clint , Lambert, Mike , Viljoen, Wayne
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 51, no. 15 (2017), p. 1109-1110
Full Text: false
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Fe and S K-edge XAS determination of iron-sulfur species present in a range of acid sulfate soils : Effects of particle size and concentration on quantitative XANES determinations

- Morgan, Kate, Burton, Edward, Cook, Perran, Raven, Mark, Fitzpatrick, Rob W., Bush, Richard, Sullivan, Leigh, Hocking, Rosalie

Authors: Morgan, Kate , Burton, Edward , Cook, Perran , Raven, Mark , Fitzpatrick, Rob W. , Bush, Richard , Sullivan, Leigh , Hocking, Rosalie
Date: 2009
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: 14th International Conference on X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS14); Camerino, Italy; 26th-31st July 2009. Vol. 190, p. 1-5
Full Text: false
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Description: Acid sulfate soils (ASS) are soils and soft sediments in which sulfuric acid may be produced from iron sulfides or have been produced leaving iron oxyhydroxysulfates in amounts that have a long lasting effect on soil characteristics. If soil material is exposed to rotting vegetation or other reducing material, the Fe-oxyhydroxysulfates can be bacterially reduced to sulfides including disulfides (pyrite and marcasite), and Monosulfidic Black Ooze (MBO) a poorly characterised material known to be a mixture of iron sulfides (especially mackinawite) and organic matter. The chemistry of these environments is strongly affected by Fe and S cycling processes and herein we have sought to identify key differences in environments that occur as a function of Fe and S concentration. In addition to our chemical results, we have found that the effects of particle size on self absorption in natural sediments play an important role in the spectroscopic identification of the relative proportions of different species present. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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