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Secure authentication for remote patient monitoring withwireless medical sensor networks

- Hayajneh, Taier, Mohd, Bassam, Imran, Muhammad, Almashaqbeh, Ghada, Vasilakos, Athanasios

  • Authors: Hayajneh, Taier , Mohd, Bassam , Imran, Muhammad , Almashaqbeh, Ghada , Vasilakos, Athanasios
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sensors (Switzerland) Vol. 16, no. 4 (2016), p.
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  • Description: There is broad consensus that remote health monitoring will benefit all stakeholders in the healthcare system and that it has the potential to save billions of dollars. Among the major concerns that are preventing the patients from widely adopting this technology are data privacy and security. Wireless Medical Sensor Networks (MSNs) are the building blocks for remote health monitoring systems. This paper helps to identify the most challenging security issues in the existing authentication protocols for remote patient monitoring and presents a lightweight public-key-based authentication protocol for MSNs. In MSNs, the nodes are classified into sensors that report measurements about the human body and actuators that receive commands from the medical staff and perform actions. Authenticating these commands is a critical security issue, as any alteration may lead to serious consequences. The proposed protocol is based on the Rabin authentication algorithm, which is modified in this paper to improve its signature signing process, making it suitable for delay-sensitive MSN applications. To prove the efficiency of the Rabin algorithm, we implemented the algorithm with different hardware settings using Tmote Sky motes and also programmed the algorithm on an FPGA to evaluate its design and performance. Furthermore, the proposed protocol is implemented and tested using the MIRACL (Multiprecision Integer and Rational Arithmetic C/C++) library. The results show that secure, direct, instant and authenticated commands can be delivered from the medical staff to the MSN nodes. © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PAWN: a payload‐based mutual authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks

- Jan, Mian, Nanda, Priyadarsi, Usman, Muhammad, He, Xiangjian

  • Authors: Jan, Mian , Nanda, Priyadarsi , Usman, Muhammad , He, Xiangjian
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Concurrency and computation Vol. 29, no. 17 (2017), p. e3986-n/a
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  • Description: Summary Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of resource‐starving miniature sensor nodes deployed in a remote and hostile environment. These networks operate on small batteries for days, months, and even years depending on the requirements of monitored applications. The battery‐powered operation and inaccessible human terrains make it practically infeasible to recharge the nodes unless some energy‐scavenging techniques are used. These networks experience threats at various layers and, as such, are vulnerable to a wide range of attacks. The resource‐constrained nature of sensor nodes, inaccessible human terrains, and error‐prone communication links make it obligatory to design lightweight but robust and secured schemes for these networks. In view of these limitations, we aim to design an extremely lightweight payload‐based mutual authentication scheme for a cluster‐based hierarchical WSN. The proposed scheme, also known as payload‐based mutual authentication for WSNs, operates in 2 steps. First, an optimal percentage of cluster heads is elected, authenticated, and allowed to communicate with neighboring nodes. Second, each cluster head, in a role of server, authenticates the nearby nodes for cluster formation. We validate our proposed scheme using various simulation metrics that outperform the existing schemes.

Blind detection of copy-move forgery in digital audio forensics

- Imran, Muhammad, Ali, Zulfiqar, Bakhsh, Sheikh, Akram, Sheeraz

  • Authors: Imran, Muhammad , Ali, Zulfiqar , Bakhsh, Sheikh , Akram, Sheeraz
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 5, no. (2017), p. 12843-12855
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  • Description: Although copy-move forgery is one of the most common fabrication techniques, blind detection of such tampering in digital audio is mostly unexplored. Unlike active techniques, blind forgery detection is challenging, because it does not embed a watermark or signature in an audio that is unknown in most of the real-life scenarios. Therefore, forgery localization becomes more challenging, especially when using blind methods. In this paper, we propose a novel method for blind detection and localization of copy-move forgery. One of the most crucial steps in the proposed method is a voice activity detection (VAD) module for investigating audio recordings to detect and localize the forgery. The VAD module is equally vital for the development of the copy-move forgery database, wherein audio samples are generated by using the recordings of various types of microphones. We employ a chaotic theory to copy and move the text in generated forged recordings to ensure forgery localization at any place in a recording. The VAD module is responsible for the extraction of words in a forged audio, these words are analyzed by applying a 1-D local binary pattern operator. This operator provides the patterns of extracted words in the form of histograms. The forged parts (copy and move text) have similar histograms. An accuracy of 96.59% is achieved, the proposed method is deemed robust against noise. © 2013 IEEE.

Bio-inspired network security for 5G-enabled IoT applications

- Saleem, Kashif, Alabduljabbar, Ghadah, Alrowais, Nouf, Al-Muhtadi, Jalal, Imran, Muhammad, Rodrigues, Joel

  • Authors: Saleem, Kashif , Alabduljabbar, Ghadah , Alrowais, Nouf , Al-Muhtadi, Jalal , Imran, Muhammad , Rodrigues, Joel
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE access Vol. 8, no. (2020), p. 1-1
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  • Description: Every IPv6-enabled device connected and communicating over the Internet forms the Internet of things (IoT) that is prevalent in society and is used in daily life. This IoT platform will quickly grow to be populated with billions or more objects by making every electrical appliance, car, and even items of furniture smart and connected. The 5th generation (5G) and beyond networks will further boost these IoT systems. The massive utilization of these systems over gigabits per second generates numerous issues. Owing to the huge complexity in large-scale deployment of IoT, data privacy and security are the most prominent challenges, especially for critical applications such as Industry 4.0, e-healthcare, and military. Threat agents persistently strive to find new vulnerabilities and exploit them. Therefore, including promising security measures to support the running systems, not to harm or collapse them, is essential. Nature-inspired algorithms have the capability to provide autonomous and sustainable defense and healing mechanisms. This paper first surveys the 5G network layer security for IoT applications and lists the network layer security vulnerabilities and requirements in wireless sensor networks, IoT, and 5G-enabled IoT. Second, a detailed literature review is conducted with the current network layer security methods and the bio-inspired techniques for IoT applications exchanging data packets over 5G. Finally, the bio-inspired algorithms are analyzed in the context of providing a secure network layer for IoT applications connected over 5G and beyond networks.

Authentication using volatile composition : a proof-of-concept study on the volatile profiles of fourteen queensland ciders

- Wilson, Arron, Johnson, Joel, Batley, Ryan, Lal, Pawan, Wakeling, Lara, Naiker, Mani

  • Authors: Wilson, Arron , Johnson, Joel , Batley, Ryan , Lal, Pawan , Wakeling, Lara , Naiker, Mani
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Beverages Vol. 7, no. 2 (2021), p.
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  • Description: Although relatively small, the Australian cider industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. One of the current challenges in the industry is the lack of research specific to Australian ciders. Establishing baseline volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles of Australian cider is paramount to developing a better understanding of the industry. This understanding may ultimately be utilized for both the categorization and authentication of existing ciders, and the targeted modification of cider volatiles for the development and improvement of cider quality. This study utilized gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, to identify key VOCs present in 14 ciders sourced from four different manufacturers in Queensland, Australia. A total of 40 VOCs were identified across the ciders, with significant variation depending on the flavor and manufacturer. Principal component analysis indicated that the ciders were well-separated based on the manufacturer, supporting the prospect of using the volatile composition to discriminate between cider manufacturers. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis highlighted the commonalities and differences in cider composition between different manufacturers, which may be indicative of the varying ingredients and manufacturing processes used to create the ciders. Future studies profiling the volatile composition of larger numbers of Australian ciders are recommended to support the use of this analytical technique for authentication purposes. Likewise, exploration of the relationship between specific processes and VOCs is recommended to fortify an understanding of how to optimize cider production to improve consumer satisfaction. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

A biometric based authentication and encryption Framework for Sensor Health Data in Cloud

- Sharma, Surender, Balasubramanian, Venki

  • Authors: Sharma, Surender , Balasubramanian, Venki
  • Date: 2014
  • Type: Text , Conference proceedings
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  • Description: Use of remote healthcare monitoring application (HMA) can not only enable healthcare seeker to live a normal life while receiving treatment but also prevent critical healthcare situation through early intervention. For this to happen, the HMA have to provide continuous monitoring through sensors attached to the patient's body or in close proximity to the patient. Owing to elasticity nature of the cloud, recently, the implementation of HMA in cloud is of intense research. Although, cloud-based implementation provides scalability for implementation, the health data of patient is super-sensitive and requires high level of privacy and security for cloud-based shared storage. In addition, protection of real-time arrival of large volume of sensor data from continuous monitoring of patient poses bigger challenge. In this work, we propose a self-protective security framework for our cloud-based HMA. Our framework enable the sensor data in the cloud from (1) unauthorized access and (2) self-protect the data in case of breached access using biometrics. The framework is detailed in the paper using mathematical formulation and algorithms. © 2014 IEEE.

A Grid-based neural network framework for multimodal biometrics

- Venkatraman, Sitalakshmi

  • Authors: Venkatraman, Sitalakshmi
  • Date: 2010
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 72, no. (2010), p. 298-303
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  • Description: Recent scientific investigations indicate that multimodal biometrics overcome the technical limitations of unimodal biometrics, making them ideally suited for everyday life applications that require a reliable authentication system. However, for a successful adoption of multimodal biometrics, such systems would require large heterogeneous datasets with complex multimodal fusion and privacy schemes spanning various distributed environments. From experimental investigations of current multimodal systems, this paper reports the various issues related to speed, error-recovery and privacy that impede the diffusion of such systems in real-life. This calls for a robust mechanism that caters to the desired real-time performance, robust fusion schemes, interoperability and adaptable privacy policies. The main objective of this paper is to present a framework that addresses the abovementioned issues by leveraging on the heterogeneous resource sharing capacities of Grid services and the efficient machine learning capabilities of artificial neural networks (ANN). Hence, this paper proposes a Grid-based neural network framework for adopting multimodal biometrics with the view of overcoming the barriers of performance, privacy and risk issues that are associated with shared heterogeneous multimodal data centres. The framework combines the concept of Grid services for reliable brokering and privacy policy management of shared biometric resources along with a momentum back propagation ANN (MBPANN) model of machine learning for efficient multimodal fusion and authentication schemes. Real-life applications would be able to adopt the proposed framework to cater to the varying business requirements and user privacies for a successful diffusion of multimodal biometrics in various day-to-day transactions.

FogAuthChain: A secure location-based authentication scheme in fog computing environments using Blockchain

- Patwary, Abdullah Al-Noman, Fu, Anmin, Battula, Sudheer, Naha, Ranesh, Garg, Saurabh, Mahanti, Aniket

  • Authors: Patwary, Abdullah Al-Noman , Fu, Anmin , Battula, Sudheer , Naha, Ranesh , Garg, Saurabh , Mahanti, Aniket
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Computer communications Vol. 162, no. (2020), p. 212-224
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  • Description: Fog computing is an emerging computing paradigm which expands cloud-based computing services near the network edge. With this new computing paradigm, new challenges arise in terms of security and privacy. These concerns are due to the distributed ownership of Fog devices. Because of the large scale distributed nature of devices at the Fog layer, secure authentication for communication among these devices is a major challenge. The traditional authentication methods (password-based, certificate-based and biometric-based) are not directly applicable due to the unique architecture and characteristics of the Fog. Moreover, the traditional authentication methods consume significantly more computation power and incur high latency, and this does not meet the key requirements of the Fog. To fill this gap, this article proposes a secure decentralised location-based device to device (D2D) authentication model in which Fog devices can mutually authenticate each other at the Fog layer by using Blockchain. We considered an Ethereum Blockchain platform for the Fog device registration, authentication, attestation and data storage. We presented the overall system architecture, various participants and their transactions and message interaction between the participants. We validated the proposed model by comparing it with the existing method results showed that the proposed authentication mechanism was efficient and secure. From the performance evaluation, it was found that the proposed method is computationally efficient and secure in a highly distributed Fog network.

User authentication and access control to blockchain-based forensic log data

- Islam, Md Ezazul, Islam, Md Rafiqul, Chetty, Madhu, Lim, Suryani, Chadhar, Mehmood

  • Authors: Islam, Md Ezazul , Islam, Md Rafiqul , Chetty, Madhu , Lim, Suryani , Chadhar, Mehmood
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Eurasip Journal on Information Security Vol. 2023, no. 1 (2023), p.
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  • Description: For dispute resolution in daily life, tamper-proof data storage and retrieval of log data are important with the incorporation of trustworthy access control for the related users and devices, while giving access to confidential data to the relevant users and maintaining data persistency are two major challenges in information security. This research uses blockchain data structure to maintain data persistency. On the other hand, we propose protocols for the authentication of users (persons and devices) to edge server and edge server to main server. Our proposed framework also provides access to forensic users according to their relevant roles and privilege attributes. For the access control of forensic users, a hybrid attribute and role-based access control (ARBAC) module added with the framework. The proposed framework is composed of an immutable blockchain-based data storage with endpoint authentication and attribute role-based user access control system. We simulate authentication protocols of the framework in AVISPA. Our result analysis shows that several security issues can efficiently be dealt with by the proposed framework. © 2023, The Author(s).

A secure and efficient IP multimedia subsystem authentication mechanism for LTE

- Ashraf, Humaira, Sher, Muhammad, Ghafoor, Ata, Imran, Muhammad

  • Authors: Ashraf, Humaira , Sher, Muhammad , Ghafoor, Ata , Imran, Muhammad
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Internet Technology Vol. 17, no. 4 (2016), p. 839-848
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  • Description: IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) is an emerging platform for provisioning multimedia services in 4G/5G networks. IMS authentication is an important procedure which grants legitimate users access to these services. The main problem is periodic re-authentication of users that results in significant signaling traffic overhead due to complete execution of hectic procedure. Moreover, SIP overlooks users' privacy where public and private identities are not protected. This paper presents a Secure and Efficient Authentication Protocol (SEAP) which creates a secure channel through the deployment of a key management center for transmitting user identities. Elliptic curve cryptography is used for key generation. Once a user completes authentication, SEAP grants a valid ticket for a particular time, which can be used for subsequent re-authentications until it expires. We introduce a header in SIP to hold the ticket. We employ protocol composition logic for formal modeling and verification of SEAP. The performance of SEAP is validated through FOKUS which is an IMS testbed. The results demonstrate the performance supremacy of SEAP compared to contemporary schemes. © 2016, Taiwan Academic Network Management Committee. All rights reserved.

Enhanced RFID mutual authentication scheme based on shared secret information

- Ray, Biplob, Chowdhury, Morshed

  • Authors: Ray, Biplob , Chowdhury, Morshed
  • Date: 2010
  • Type: Text , Conference proceedings
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  • Description: RFID is a revolutionary remote technology which has many useful implications. Large scale implementation of RFID is seeking 100% information privacy and untraceability, for users and organizations, which is suitable for low cost RFID tag (Class1). To protect users and organization we are proposing an enhanced RFID mutual authentication scheme. In this protocol we use authentication based on shared unique parameters as a method to protect privacy. This protocol will be capable of handling forward and backward security, rouge reader better than existing protocols. In our new scheme we involved RFID reader's hardware ID in addition to other shared secret information which uses hash to protect users and industries privacy. Moreover, we used LAMED as our PRNG (Pseudorandom Number Generator) which is faster and take less computational power
  • Description: E1

Towards secure fog computing: A survey on trust management, privacy, authentication, threats and access control

- Patwary, Abdullah Al-Noman, Naha, Ranesh Kumar, Garg, Saurabh, Battula, Sudheer, Patwary, Md Anwarul, Aghasian, Erfan, Amin, Muhammad, Mahanti, Aniket, Gong, Mingwei

  • Authors: Patwary, Abdullah Al-Noman , Naha, Ranesh Kumar , Garg, Saurabh , Battula, Sudheer , Patwary, Md Anwarul , Aghasian, Erfan , Amin, Muhammad , Mahanti, Aniket , Gong, Mingwei
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Electronics Vol. 10, no. 10 (2021), p. 1171
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  • Description: Fog computing is an emerging computing paradigm that has come into consideration for the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) applications amongst researchers and technology industries over the last few years. Fog is highly distributed and consists of a wide number of autonomous end devices, which contribute to the processing. However, the variety of devices offered across different users are not audited. Hence, the security of Fog devices is a major concern that should come into consideration. Therefore, to provide the necessary security for Fog devices, there is a need to understand what the security concerns are with regards to Fog. All aspects of Fog security, which have not been covered by other literature works, need to be identified and aggregated. On the other hand, privacy preservation for user’s data in Fog devices and application data processed in Fog devices is another concern. To provide the appropriate level of trust and privacy, there is a need to focus on authentication, threats and access control mechanisms as well as privacy protection techniques in Fog computing. In this paper, a survey along with a taxonomy is proposed, which presents an overview of existing security concerns in the context of the Fog computing paradigm. Moreover, the Blockchain-based solutions towards a secure Fog computing environment is presented and various research challenges and directions for future research are discussed.

Data sharing in secure multimedia wireless sensor networks

- Usman, Muhammad, Jan, Mian, Xiangjian, He, Nanda, Priyadarsi

  • Authors: Usman, Muhammad , Jan, Mian , Xiangjian, He , Nanda, Priyadarsi
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Conference proceedings
  • Relation: 2016 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA;Tianjin, China; 23-26 August 2016 p. 590-597
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  • Description: The use of Multimedia Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs) is becoming common nowadays with a rapid growth in communication facilities. Similar to any other WSNs, these networks face various challenges while providing security, trust and privacy for user data. Provisioning of the aforementioned services become an uphill task especially while dealing with real-time streaming data. These networks operates with resource-constrained sensor nodes for days, months and even years depending on the nature of an application. The resource-constrained nature of these networks makes it difficult for the nodes to tackle real-time data in mission-critical applications such as military surveillance, forest fire monitoring, health-care and industrial automation. For a secured MWSN, the transmission and processing of streaming data needs to be explored deeply. The conventional data authentication schemes are not suitable for MWSNs due to the limitations imposed on sensor nodes in terms of battery power, computation, available bandwidth and storage. In this paper, we propose a novel quality-driven clustering-based technique for authenticating streaming data in MWSNs. Nodes with maximum energy are selected as Cluster Heads (CHs). The CHs collect data from member nodes and forward it to the Base Station (BS), thus preventing member nodes with low energy from dying soon and increasing life span of the underlying network. The proposed approach not only authenticates the streaming data but also maintains the quality of transmitted data. The proposed data authentication scheme coupled with an Error Concealment technique provides an energy-efficient and distortion-free real-time data streaming. The proposed scheme is compared with an unsupervised resources scenario. The simulation results demonstrate better network lifetime along with 21.34 dB gain in Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of received video data streams.

SAMS: A seamless and authorized multimedia streaming framework for wmsn-based iomt

- Jan, Mian, Usman, Muhammad, He, Xiangjian, Ur Rehman, Ateeq

  • Authors: Jan, Mian , Usman, Muhammad , He, Xiangjian , Ur Rehman, Ateeq
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE internet of things journal Vol. 6, no. 2 (2019), p. 1576-1583
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  • Description: An Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT) architecture aims to provide a support for real-time multimedia applications by using wireless multimedia sensor nodes that are deployed for a long-term usage. These nodes are capable of capturing both multimedia and nonmultimedia data, and form a network known as Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN). In a WMSN, underlying routing protocols need to provide an acceptable level of Quality of Service (QoS) support for multimedia traffic. In this paper, we propose a Seamless and Authorized Streaming (SAMS) framework for a cluster-based hierarchical WMSN. The SAMS uses authentication at different levels to form secured clusters. The formation of these clusters allows only legitimate nodes to transmit captured data to their Cluster Heads (CHs). Each node senses the environment, stores captured data in its buffer, and waits for its turn to transmit to its CH. This waiting may result in an excessive packet-loss and end-to-end delay for multimedia traffic. To address these issues, a channel allocation approach is proposed for an intercluster communication. In the case of a buffer overflow, a member node in one cluster switches to a neighboring CH provided that the latter has an available channel for allocation. The experimental results show that the SAMS provides an acceptable level of QoS and enhances security of an underlying network.
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