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Developing team based acute care scenarios: a rural hospital experience

- Missen, Karen, Sparkes, Louise, Porter, Joanne, Cooper, Simon J., McConnell-Henry, Tracy

  • Authors: Missen, Karen , Sparkes, Louise , Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , McConnell-Henry, Tracy
  • Date: 2013
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Emergency Nursing Vol. 21, no. 3 (2013), p. 186-189
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  • Description: Background Health professionals work in teams in a variety of health care settings especially in medical emergency teams at times of crisis. However, Registered Nurses (RNs) rarely have the chance to partake in educational programs designed for teams of nurses to practice working together in life-threatening situations. Further RN’s employed in rural setting have less opportunities for professional development than their city based counterparts. Simulated scenarios with a patient actor in a rural hospital have been utilised in this study to provide nurses with the opportunity to work as a team in the early recognition and management of patients with acute medical conditions. Aim This discussion paper focuses on one aspect of a larger research project with the aim of describing the development of team based scenarios for a rural hospital setting, focusing on the detection and management of a deteriorating patient. Methods Three team based scenarios, the related assessments and feedback techniques are all described. Conclusion Team based simulation provides a unique opportunity to assist registered nurses in rural settings in re-skilling or maintaining their emergency management skills.

Adaptive coordination in distributed and dynamic agent organizations

- Keogh, Kathleen, Sonenberg, Liz

Emergency resuscitation team roles: What constitutes a team and who's looking after the family

- Porter, Joanne, Cooper, Simon J., Taylor, Beverley

  • Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Taylor, Beverley
  • Date: 2014
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Nursing Education and Practice Vol. 4, no. 3 (2014), p. 124
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  • Description: Aim of study: This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of personnel working in emergency departments on the constitution of a resuscitation team in particular the perceptions of the family liaison role. Methods: A paper base survey on family presence during resuscitation was distributed to emergency personnel working in 18 public departments in the state of Victoria, Australia. Results: A combination of nurses (n = 282) and doctors (n = 65) working in rural and metropolitan emergency departments, identified seven unique resuscitation team roles. Resuscitation teams were identified as comprising of three doctors, three nurses and one other which could be either. Respondents identified seven unique roles as consisting of a team leader, airway doctor, airway nurse, procedure doctor and procedure nurse, drugs nurse and a scribe. The respondents identified the following components as key to discussions with family members; emergency personnel, reassurance, diagnosis, regular updates, intervention, and prognosis (ER-DRIP). Conclusion: The acronym ER-DRIP can be used as a reminder to emergency staff when speaking with family members during resuscitation events ensuring they receive all the necessary information and support.

Rating teams’ non-technical skills in the emergency department : A qualitative study of nurses’ experience

- Porter, Joanne, Cant, Robyn, Cooper, Simon J.

  • Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cant, Robyn , Cooper, Simon J.
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Emergency Nursing Vol. 38, no. (2018), p. 15-20
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  • Description: Introduction: Non-technical skills (NTS) teamwork training can enhance clinicians’ understanding of roles and improve communication. We evaluated a quality improvement project rating teams’ NTS performance to determine the value of formal rating and debriefing processes. Methods: In two Australian emergency departments the NTS of resuscitation teams were rated by senior nurses and medical staff. Key measures were leadership, teamwork, and task management using a valid instrument: Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM™). Emergency nurses were asked to attend a focus group from which key themes around the quality improvement process were identified. Results: Main themes were: ‘Team composition’ (allocation of resuscitation team roles), ‘Resuscitation leadership’ (including both nursing and medical leadership roles) and ‘TEAM™ ratings promote reflective practice’ (providing staff a platform to discuss team effectiveness). Objective ratings were seen as enabling staff to provide feedback to other team members. Reflection on practice and debriefing were thought to improve communication, help define roles and responsibilities, and clarify leadership roles. Conclusion: Use of a non-technical skills rating scheme such as TEAM™ after team-based clinical resuscitation events was seen by emergency department nurses as feasible and a useful process for examining and improving multi-disciplinary practice, while improving team performance. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

An exploration of emergency nurses’ perceptions, attitudes and experience of teamwork in the emergency department

- Grover, Elise, Porter, Joanne, Morphet, Julia

  • Authors: Grover, Elise , Porter, Joanne , Morphet, Julia
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal Vol. 20, no. 2 (2017), p. 92-97
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  • Description: Background Teamwork may assist with increased levels of efficiency and safety of patient care in the emergency department (ED), with emergency nurses playing an indispensable role in this process. Method A descriptive, exploratory approach was used, drawing on principles from phenomenology and symbolic interactionism. Convenience, purposive sampling was used in a major metropolitan ED. Semi structured interviews were conducted, audio recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Three major themes emerged from the data. The first theme ‘when teamwork works’ supported the notion that emergency nurses perceived teamwork as a positive and effective construct in four key areas; resuscitation, simulation training, patient outcomes and staff satisfaction. The second theme ‘team support’ revealed that back up behaviour and leadership were critical elements of team effectiveness within the study setting. The third theme ‘no time for teamwork’ centred around periods when teamwork practices failed due to various contributing factors including inadequate resources and skill mix. Discussion Outcomes of effective teamwork were valued by emergency nurses. Teamwork is about performance, and requires a certain skill set not necessarily naturally possessed among emergency nurses. Building a resilient team inclusive of strong leadership and communication skills is essential to being able to withstand the challenging demands of the ED. © 2017 College of Emergency Nursing Australasia

Groups and teamwork

- Pillay, Soma

  • Authors: Pillay, Soma
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Human resource management in Australia and New Zealand Chapter 13 p. 384-411
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  • Description: In today's highly competitive environment, organisations realise that they can achieve their goals only through the combined efforts of everybody involved in the organisation. Previously, organisations relied on hierarchiacal, functionally orientated, command-and-control systems. Today, the adoption of a team-based work arrangement creates a flat, focused, flexible, and adaptive organisation capable of rapid responses to change. Groups and teamwork allow for greater participation, increased performance, and ultimately influence the motivation and satisfaction of employees. However, changing to a team-based structure does not guarantee success. Some groups tend to be more successful than others, and for this reason it is essential to investigate the factors that contribute to effective group functioning. The introduction of virtual teams into the workplace also offers new challenges for the way in which people are managed. In this chapter, we explore the nature of groups, how they develope, and the factors that contribute to effective group functioning. We examine the difference between groups and teams, and give special attention to the utilisation of teams in the workplace.

Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) for the assessment of non-technical skills during resuscitation : Validation of the french version

- Maignan, Maxime, Koch, Francois-Xavier, Chaix, Jordane, Phellouzat, Pierre, Binauld, Gery, Collomb Muret, Roselyne, Cooper, Simon J., Labarère, José, Danel, Vincent, Viglino, Damien, Debaty, Guillaume

  • Authors: Maignan, Maxime , Koch, Francois-Xavier , Chaix, Jordane , Phellouzat, Pierre , Binauld, Gery , Collomb Muret, Roselyne , Cooper, Simon J. , Labarère, José , Danel, Vincent , Viglino, Damien , Debaty, Guillaume
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 101, no. (2016), p. 115-120
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  • Description: Aim: Evaluation of team performances during medical simulation must rely on validated and reproducible tools. Our aim was to build and validate a French version of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) score, which was developed for the assessment of team performance and non-technical skills during resuscitation. Methods: A forward and backward translation of the initial TEAM score was made, with the agreement and the final validation by the original author. Ten medical teams were recruited and performed a standardized cardiac arrest simulation scenario. Teams were videotaped and nine raters evaluate non-technical skills for each team thanks to the French TEAM Score. Psychometric properties of the score were then evaluated. Results: French TEAM score showed an excellent reliability with a Cronbach coefficient of 0.95. Mean correlation coefficient between each item and the global score range was 0.78. The inter-rater reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient of the global score was 0.93. Finally, expert teams had higher French TEAM score than intermediate and novice teams. Conclusion: The French TEAM score shows good psychometric properties to evaluate team performance during cardiac arrest simulation. Its utilization could help in the assessment of non-technical skills during simulation. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Measuring the non-technical skills of medical emergency teams: an update on validity and reliability of Team Emergency Assessment Measure (Team).

- Cant, Robyn, Cooper, Simon J.

  • Authors: Cant, Robyn , Cooper, Simon J.
  • Date: 2014
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 85, no. (2014), p. 31-33
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  • Description: Medical emergency team performance including non-technical skills, is receiving increased attention due to the influences on patient safety. The Team Emergency Assessment Measure View the MathML source was developed to enable standardized performance assessment and structured team debriefing. From several studies, the View the MathML source has demonstrated a substantial body of normative data confirming its validity and reliability. This includes high uni-dimensional validity, significant subscale relationships between Teamwork and Leadership and between Teamwork and Task Management (p < 0.001), a Cronbach alpha of 0.92 and adequate construct validity. The tool has potential for team training to improve team's non-technical performance. Further testing is required in ‘real’ clinical settings.

University student engagement in learning: Insights from academic fieldtrips in the Malaysian tropical rainforests

- Lau, Patricia, Lee, Christina, Ho, ChyeKok

  • Authors: Lau, Patricia , Lee, Christina , Ho, ChyeKok
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Education and Training Vol. 61, no. 3 (2019), p. 342-358
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  • Description: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore how university fieldtrips progressively deepen student engagement, and explain that stage-by-stage using the organismic integration theory. Design/methodology/approach: Using reflective logs, follow-up focus groups after two years and facilitator observations, this Malaysian qualitative study followed 12 business students across two three-day rainforest fieldtrips. Findings: Students progressed toward greater – and enduring – engagement, and transferable socio-cognitive skills, via three thematic stages. Voice and self-reflection – motivated by protecting group harmony – were key, enabled by facilitator and peer encouragement. Research limitations/implications: This exploratory study invites research in specified education cultures. Further, a longitudinal, quantitative study could be designed to examine the conceptual framework developed in Figure 1. Practical implications: University curricula, especially in collectivist high power distance cultures, should include fieldtrips as a particularly powerful form of experiential learning. Benefits of deeper engagement extend beyond present to future courses and the workplace. Higher student attraction/retention and employability may follow. Intrinsic motivation grows through the student–instructor interaction, watching theoretical principles in action, and having eureka moments through reflection, expression and exchange of ideas. Originality/value: The research fills a gap by mapping student engagement progressively from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation along with socio-cognitive competencies. The authors reveal the centrality of voice and reflection to promote group harmony, explain the roles of facilitators and peers and show long-lasting transferable benefits to learning. Novelly, the authors provide empirical support for existing conceptual frameworks but also extend these.

Navigating the 'invisible nets' : Challenges and opportunities for women in traditionally male-dominated South Asian newsrooms

- Steyn, Elanie, White, Kate

  • Authors: Steyn, Elanie , White, Kate
  • Date: 2011
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Asian Journal of Communication Vol. 21, no. 4 (2011), p. 409-426
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  • Description: 'Invisible nets,' 'labyrinths' and 'glass ceilings' are a sampling of the metaphors used to describe the impediments and challenges women face along their paths toward professional advancement, including those in media settings. Expanding on previous research, this article investigates newsroom management expectations and experiences related to communication and teamwork as managerial competencies among a sample of female journalists in Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Using a quantitative research design, the researchers outline opportunities and challenges for women in navigating the various obvious and subtle obstacles they face as they seek to advance professionally in traditionally male-dominated South Asian newsrooms.

Rating medical emergency teamwork performance: development of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM)

- Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Sellick, Kenneth, Porter, Joanne, Somers, George, Kinsman, Leigh, Nestel, Debra

  • Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Sellick, Kenneth , Porter, Joanne , Somers, George , Kinsman, Leigh , Nestel, Debra
  • Date: 2010
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 81, no. 4 (2010), p. 446-452
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  • Description: Aim To develop a valid, reliable and feasible teamwork assessment measure for emergency resuscitation team performance. Background Generic and profession specific team performance assessment measures are available (e.g. anaesthetics) but there are no specific measures for the assessment of emergency resuscitation team performance. Methods (1) An extensive review of the literature for teamwork instruments, and (2) development of a draft instrument with an expert clinical team. (3) Review by an international team of seven independent experts for face and content validity. (4) Instrument testing on 56 video-recorded hospital and simulated resuscitation events for construct, consistency, concurrent validity and reliability and (5) a final set of ratings for feasibility on fifteen simulated ‘real time’ events. Results Following expert review, selected items were found to have a high total content validity index of 0.96. A single ‘teamwork’ construct was identified with an internal consistency of 0.89. Correlation between the total item score and global rating (rho 0.95; p < 0.01) indicated concurrent validity. Inter-rater (k 0.55) and retest reliability (k 0.53) were ‘fair’, with positive feasibility ratings following ‘real time’ testing. The final 12 item (11 specific and 1 global rating) are rated using a five-point scale and cover three categories leadership, teamwork and task management. Conclusion In this primary study TEAM was found to be a valid and reliable instrument and should be a useful addition to clinicians’ tool set for the measurement of teamwork during medical emergencies. Further evaluation of the instrument is warranted to fully determine its psychometric properties.

Measuring non-technical skills in medical emergency care: a review of assessment measures.

- Cooper, Simon J., Endacott, Ruth, Cant, Robyn

  • Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Endacott, Ruth , Cant, Robyn
  • Date: 2010
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Open Access Emergency Medicine Vol. 2, no. (2010), p. 7-16
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  • Description: Aim: To review the literature on non-technical skills and assessment methods relevant to emergency care. Background: Non-technical skills (NTS) include leadership, teamwork, decision making and situation awareness, all of which have an impact on healthcare outcomes. Significant concerns have been raised about the rates of adverse medical events, many of which are attributed to NTS failures. Methods: Ovid, Medline, ProQUEST, PsycINFO and specialty websites were searched for NTS measures using applicable access strategies, inclusion and exclusion criteria. Publications identified were assessed for relevance. Results: A range of non-technical skill measures relevant to emergency care was identified: leadership (n = 5), teamwork (n = 7), personality/behavior (n = 3) and situation awareness tools (n = 1). Of these, 9 have been used with emergency care populations/clinicians. All had varying degrees of reliability and validity. In the last decade there has been some development of teamwork measures specific to emergency care with a predominantly global and collective rating of broad skills. Conclusion: A variety of non-technical skill measures are available; only a few have been used in the emergency care arena. There is a need for an increase in the focused assessment of teamwork skills for a greater understanding of team performance to enhance patient safety in medical emergency care.

Prior experience of interprofessional learning enhances undergraduate nursing and healthcare students' professional identity and attitudes to teamwork

- Hood, Kerry, Cant, Robyn, Baulch, Julie, Gilbee, Alana, Leech, Michelle, Anderson, Amanda, Davies, Kate

  • Authors: Hood, Kerry , Cant, Robyn , Baulch, Julie , Gilbee, Alana , Leech, Michelle , Anderson, Amanda , Davies, Kate
  • Date: 2014
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Nurse Education in Practice Vol. 14, no. 2 (2014), p. 117-122
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  • Description: Background: How willing are today's medical, nursing and other healthcare students to undertake some of their studies as shared learning? There is a lack of evidence of students' views by discipline despite this being a priority task for higher education sectors. This study explored the views of nursing, midwifery, nursing-emergency health (paramedic), medical, physiotherapy and nutrition-dietetics students. Methods: Senior undergraduate students from six disciplines at one university completed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale prior to participating in interprofessional clinical learning modules. Results: For 741 students, the highest ranked response was agreement about a need for teamwork (mean 4.42 of 5 points). Nursing students held significantly more positive attitudes towards Teamwork/ Collaboration, and were more positive about Professional Identity than medical students (p < .001). Midwifery and nursing-emergency-health students rejected uncertainty about Roles/Responsibilities compared with medical students (p < .001). One-third of all students who had prior experience of interprofessional learning held more positive attitudes in each of four attitude domains (p < .05). Conclusion: Overall, students' attitudes towards interprofessional learning were positive and all student groups were willing to engage in learning interprofessionally. Early introduction of IPL is recommended. Further studies should explore the trajectory of students' attitudes throughout the university degree.

Communication challenges in surgical oncology

- Nestel, Debra, Cooper, Simon J., Bryant, Melanie, Higgins, Vaughan, Tabak, Diana., Murtagh, G., Barraclough, B

  • Authors: Nestel, Debra , Cooper, Simon J. , Bryant, Melanie , Higgins, Vaughan , Tabak, Diana. , Murtagh, G. , Barraclough, B
  • Date: 2011
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Surgical Oncology Vol. 20, no. 3 (2011), p. 155-161
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  • Description: In this essay we set out clinical communication challenges in surgical oncology. We draw directly on relevant examples where they are available. Otherwise, we refer to the more generic surgical and medical literature. We offer 'macro' and 'micro' perspectives on clinical communication. That is, exploring communication challenges at the level of the organization and between individuals, doctors and patients and interprofessionally across different settings. Training content and methods are reported that address the complex communication challenges associated with surgical oncology. Innovations in simulation-based education offer exciting new opportunities for formative and summative assessment. We outline limitations of the essay and finally propose the content of a surgical oncology communication program.

Improving the non-technical skills of hospital medical emergency teams : The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM™)

- Cant, Robyn, Porter, Joanne, Cooper, Simon J., Roberts, Kate, Wilson, Ian, Gartside, Christopher

  • Authors: Cant, Robyn , Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Roberts, Kate , Wilson, Ian , Gartside, Christopher
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia Vol. 28, no. 6 (2016), p. 641-646
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  • Description: Objectives: This prospective descriptive study aimed to test the validity and feasibility of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM™) for assessing real-world medical emergency teams' non-technical skills. Second, the present study aimed to explore the instrument's contribution to practice regarding teamwork and learning outcomes. Methods: Registered nurses (RNs) and medical staff (n = 104) in two hospital EDs in rural Victoria, Australia, participated. Over a 10 month period, the (TEAM™) instrument was completed by multiple clinicians at medical emergency episodes. Results: In 80 real-world medical emergency team resuscitation episodes (283 clinician assessments), non-technical skills ratings averaged 89% per episode (39 of a possible 44 points). Twenty-one episodes were rated in the lowest quartile (i.e. ≤37 points out of 44). Ratings differed by discipline, with significantly higher scores given by medical raters (mean: 41.1 ± 4.4) than RNs (38.7 ± 5.4) (P = 0.001). This difference occurred in the Leadership domain. The tool was reliable with Cronbach's alpha 0.78, high uni-dimensional validity and mean inter-item correlation of 0.45. Concurrent validity was confirmed by strong correlation between TEAM™ score and the awarded Global Rating (P < 0.001), with 38.4% of shared variance. RNs praised the instrument as it initiated staff reflection and debriefing discussions around performance improvement. Conclusion: Non-technical skills of medical emergency teams are known to often be suboptimal; however, average ratings of 89% were achieved in this real-world study. TEAM™ is a valid, reliable and easy to use tool, for both training and clinical settings, with benefits for team performance when used as an assessment and/or debriefing tool. © 2016 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine and Australasian Society for Emergency Medicine

Team recognition in big scholarly data: exploring collaboration intensity

- Yu, Shuo, Xia, Feng, Zhang, Kaiyuan, Ning, Zhaolong, Zhong, Jiaofei, Liu, Chengfei

  • Authors: Yu, Shuo , Xia, Feng , Zhang, Kaiyuan , Ning, Zhaolong , Zhong, Jiaofei , Liu, Chengfei
  • Type: Text , Conference proceedings
  • Relation: p. 925-932
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  • Description: The scale of scholarly data has been expanded due to the fact that scientific productions are increasing rapidly and new scholars affiliate academia incessantly. Scholars are shifting their research patterns from individual research to academic teamwork due to the complexity of scientific issues. In order to achieve higher reputations and better performance, academic teams with leaders are constructed to speed up knowledge sharing and problem solving. It is significant to explore team-based issues with the increasing interests of information exploration in big scholarly data. However, existing academic team definitions are commonly not quantitative, which makes it difficult to identify real academic teams. In this work, we propose a collaboration relationship evaluation index called Collaboration Intensity Index (CII), which is a two-way and quantitative index to evaluate collaboration intensity between two scholars in the network. Then, we construct a new type of co-author network with edges weighted by CII, which differs from the original co-author networks. This network reflects the newly scientific research patterns inside or outside academic teams. Furthermore, we propose TRAC (Team Recognition Algorithm based on CII) to identify academic teams from large co-author networks. Finally, we use DBLP data set, which contains 1,250,440 scholars and 1,575,949 published papers, to identify teams by TRAC. Comparing with fast unfolding algorithm and real team data, the effectiveness of our method can be demonstrated.

The TEAM instrument for measuring emergency team performance: validation of the Swedish version at two emergency departments

- Karlgren, Klas, Dahlström, Anders, Birkestam, Anderz, Norling, Annelie, Forss, Gustav, Cooper, Simon J.

  • Authors: Karlgren, Klas , Dahlström, Anders , Birkestam, Anderz , Norling, Annelie , Forss, Gustav , Cooper, Simon J.
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine Vol. 29, no. 1 (2021), p.
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  • Description: Background: The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) questionnaire is designed for rating the non-technical performance of emergency medical teams during emergencies, e.g., resuscitation or trauma management. Originally developed in Australia it has today been translated and validated into eleven languages, but a Swedish version is lacking. The aim was therefore to cross-culturally translate and evaluate the reliability and validity of the TEAM questionnaire in a Swedish health care setting. Methods: The instrument was forward and backward translated and adapted into a Swedish context according to established guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of survey-based measures. The translated version was tested through 78 pairwise assessments of 39 high-priority codes at the emergency departments of two major hospitals. The raters observed the teams at work in real time and filled in the questionnaires immediately afterwards independently of each other. Psychometric properties of the instrument were evaluated. Results: The original instrument was translated by pairs of translators independently of each other and reviewed by an expert committee of researchers, nurses and physicians from different specialties, a linguist and one of the original developers of the tool. A few adaptations were needed for the Swedish context. A principal component factor analysis confirmed a single ‘teamwork’ construct in line with the original instrument. The Swedish version showed excellent reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.955 and a mean inter-item correlation of 0.691. The mean item-scale correlation of 0.82 indicated high internal consistency reliability. Inter-rater reliability was measured by intraclass correlation and was 0.74 for the global score indicating good reliability. Individual items ranged between 0.52 and 0.88. No floor effects but ceiling effects were noted. Finally, teams displaying clear closed-loop communication had higher TEAM scores than teams with less clear communication. Conclusions: Real time observations of authentic, high priority cases at two emergency departments show that the Swedish version of the TEAM instrument has good psychometric properties for evaluating team performance. The TEAM instrument is thus a welcome tool for assessing non-technical skills of emergency medical teams. © 2021, The Author(s). **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Simon Cooper" is provided in this record**

Measuring teamwork performance: Validity testing of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) with clinical resuscitation teams

- Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Connell, Cliff, Sims, Lyndall, Porter, Joanne, Symmons, Mark, Nestel, Debra, Liaw, Sok Ying

  • Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Connell, Cliff , Sims, Lyndall , Porter, Joanne , Symmons, Mark , Nestel, Debra , Liaw, Sok Ying
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 101, no. (2016), p. 97-101
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  • Description: AimTo test the resuscitation non-technical Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) for feasibility, validity and reliability, in two Australian Emergency Departments (ED). BackgroundNon-technical (teamwork) skills have been identified as inadequate and as such have a significant impact on patient safety. Valid and reliable teamwork assessment tools are an important element of performance assessment and debriefing processes. MethodsA quasi experimental design based on observational ratings of resuscitation non-technical skills in two metropolitan ED. Senior nursing staff rated 106 adult resuscitation team events over a ten month period where three or more resuscitation team members attended. Resuscitation events, team performance and validity and reliability data was collected for the TEAM. ResultsMost rated events were for full cardiac resuscitation (43%) with 3–15 team members present for an average of 45min. The TEAM was found to be feasible and quickly completed with minimal or no training. Discriminant validity was good as was internal consistency with a Cronbach alpha of 0.94. Uni-dimensional and concurrent validity also reached acceptable standards, 0.94 and >0.63 (p=<0.001), respectively, and a single ‘teamwork’ construct was identified. Non-technical skills overall were good but leadership was rated notably lower than task and teamwork performance indicating a need for leadership training. ConclusionThe TEAM is a feasible, valid and reliable non-technical assessment measure in simulated and real clinical settings. Emergency teams need to develop leadership skills through training and reflective debriefing.

How to optimize an academic team when the outlier member is leaving?

- Yu, Shuo, Liu, Jiaying, Wei, Haoran, Xia, Feng, Tong, Hanghang

  • Authors: Yu, Shuo , Liu, Jiaying , Wei, Haoran , Xia, Feng , Tong, Hanghang
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Intelligent Systems Vol. 36, no. 3 (May-Jun 2021), p. 23-30
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  • Description: An academic team is a highly cohesive collaboration group of scholars, which has been recognized as an effective way to improve scientific output in terms of both quality and quantity. However, the high staff turnover brings about a series of problems that may have negative influences on team performance. To address this challenge, we first detect the tendency of the member who may potentially leave. Here, the outlierness is defined with respect to familiarity, which is quantified by using collaboration intensity. It is assumed that if a team member has a higher familiarity with scholars outside the team, then this member might probably leave the team. To minimize the influence caused by the leaving of such an outlier member, we propose an optimization solution to find a proper candidate who can replace the outlier member. Based on random walk with graph kernel, our solution involves familiarity matching, skill matching, as well as structure matching. The proposed approach proves to be effective and outperforms existing methods when applied to computer science academic teams.
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