Looking beyond people, equipment and environment : Is a systems theory model of accident causation required to understand injuries and near misses during outdoor activities?
- Goode, Natassia, Salmon, Paul, Lenne, Michael, Finch, Caroline
- Authors: Goode, Natassia , Salmon, Paul , Lenne, Michael , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (Ahfe 2015) and the Affiliated Conferences, Ahfe 2015; Las Vegas, USA; 26th-30th July 2015; published in Procedia Manufacturing Vol. 3, p. 1125-1131
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The National Incident Database (NID) provides a standardised, industry-wide, approach to incident reporting for the outdoor sector in New Zealand (NZ). The aim of this study was to determine whether the NID contributing factor categories (i. e. people, equipment and environment) are sufficient for classifying the data that has been collected on accident causation by the NID, or whether a systems theory framework is required. A sample of injury and near miss reports (n = 228) were extracted from the NID and analysed. All contributing factors identified were classified according to Rasmussen's (1997) Risk Management Framework (RRMF), which was adapted to describe the " led outdoor activity system". In total, 58 different contributing factor categories were identified across the 228 incidents. Factors were classified across all levels of the framework, which indicates that the NID categories are inadequate. The findings also demonstrate that RRMF is appropriate for classifying the contributing factors involved in less severe injuries and near misses that do not have in-depth investigations associated with them. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
- Authors: Goode, Natassia , Salmon, Paul , Lenne, Michael , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (Ahfe 2015) and the Affiliated Conferences, Ahfe 2015; Las Vegas, USA; 26th-30th July 2015; published in Procedia Manufacturing Vol. 3, p. 1125-1131
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The National Incident Database (NID) provides a standardised, industry-wide, approach to incident reporting for the outdoor sector in New Zealand (NZ). The aim of this study was to determine whether the NID contributing factor categories (i. e. people, equipment and environment) are sufficient for classifying the data that has been collected on accident causation by the NID, or whether a systems theory framework is required. A sample of injury and near miss reports (n = 228) were extracted from the NID and analysed. All contributing factors identified were classified according to Rasmussen's (1997) Risk Management Framework (RRMF), which was adapted to describe the " led outdoor activity system". In total, 58 different contributing factor categories were identified across the 228 incidents. Factors were classified across all levels of the framework, which indicates that the NID categories are inadequate. The findings also demonstrate that RRMF is appropriate for classifying the contributing factors involved in less severe injuries and near misses that do not have in-depth investigations associated with them. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
From monocausality to systems thinking: a complementary and alternative conceptual approach for better understanding the development and prevention of sports injury
- Hulme, Adam, Finch, Caroline
- Authors: Hulme, Adam , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Injury Epidemiology Vol. 2, no. 1 (2015), p. 1-12
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The science of sports injury control, including both its cause and prevention, has largely been informed by a biomedical and mechanistic model of health. Traditional scientific practice in sports injury research has routinely involved collapsing the broader socioecological landscape down in order to analyse individual-level determinants of injury - whether biomechanical and/or behavioural. This approach has made key gains for sports injury prevention research and should be further encouraged and allowed to evolve naturally. However, the public health, Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, and injury epidemiological literature more broadly, has accepted the value of a socioecological paradigm for better understanding disease and injury processes, and sports injury research will fall further behind unless it does the same. A complementary and alternative conceptual approach towards injury control known as systems thinking that builds on socioecological science, both methodologically and analytically, is readily available and fast developing in other research areas. This review outlines the historical progression of causal concepts in the field of epidemiology over the course of the modern scientific era. From here, causal concepts in injury epidemiology, and models of aetiology as found in the context of sports injury research are presented. The paper finishes by proposing a new research agenda that considers the potential for a systems thinking approach to further enhance sports injury aetiological understanding. A complementary systems paradigm, however, will require that sports injury epidemiologists bring their knowledge and skillsets forwards in an attempt to use, adapt, and even refine existing systems-based approaches. Alongside the natural development of conventional scientific methodologies and analyses in sports injury research, progressing forwards to a systems paradigm is now required. © 2015, Hulme and Finch.
- Authors: Hulme, Adam , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Injury Epidemiology Vol. 2, no. 1 (2015), p. 1-12
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The science of sports injury control, including both its cause and prevention, has largely been informed by a biomedical and mechanistic model of health. Traditional scientific practice in sports injury research has routinely involved collapsing the broader socioecological landscape down in order to analyse individual-level determinants of injury - whether biomechanical and/or behavioural. This approach has made key gains for sports injury prevention research and should be further encouraged and allowed to evolve naturally. However, the public health, Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, and injury epidemiological literature more broadly, has accepted the value of a socioecological paradigm for better understanding disease and injury processes, and sports injury research will fall further behind unless it does the same. A complementary and alternative conceptual approach towards injury control known as systems thinking that builds on socioecological science, both methodologically and analytically, is readily available and fast developing in other research areas. This review outlines the historical progression of causal concepts in the field of epidemiology over the course of the modern scientific era. From here, causal concepts in injury epidemiology, and models of aetiology as found in the context of sports injury research are presented. The paper finishes by proposing a new research agenda that considers the potential for a systems thinking approach to further enhance sports injury aetiological understanding. A complementary systems paradigm, however, will require that sports injury epidemiologists bring their knowledge and skillsets forwards in an attempt to use, adapt, and even refine existing systems-based approaches. Alongside the natural development of conventional scientific methodologies and analyses in sports injury research, progressing forwards to a systems paradigm is now required. © 2015, Hulme and Finch.
Out on a limb : applying the person-environment-occupation-performance model to examine injury-linked factors among light rail drivers
- Naweed, Anjum, Bowditch, Lorelle, Trigg, Joshua, Unsworth, Carolyn
- Authors: Naweed, Anjum , Bowditch, Lorelle , Trigg, Joshua , Unsworth, Carolyn
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Safety Science Vol. 127, no. (2020), p.
- Full Text:
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- Description: Work-related injuries and musculoskeletal disorders are a workplace problem within and across organisations, particularly in rail, where they tend to be treated as non-significant and localised health issues. While physical ergonomics and interface-design issues invariably contribute to the incidence of such injuries, contemporary socio-technical systems theories suggest that wider system factors and complex interrelationships between them may also play a role. The Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) model was applied to identify, map and examine injury-linked factors in light rail vehicle (i.e. tram) drivers. Two connected studies were undertaken in a mixed methods research design involving direct (e.g. interviews, observations) and indirect (e.g. cross-sectional surveys) methods of data capture within an Australian light rail organisation. Analysis of data and triangulation of findings revealed that impacts to work-related musculoskeletal disorders are not only local and physical, but psychosocial and distal, such as in driving behaviours engendered by knowledge and levels of interpersonal support received. Application of the PEOP model enabled determination of the complexity around the systems factors contributing to driver injury in the context of rail driving and identification of specific strategies and implications for policy, education and practice. This paper presents the first use of the PEOP model to examine and better understand work-related injuries and musculoskeletal disorders in the rail industry and provides an adaptation of the model as a template for future use in rail and to assist in the understanding of complex injury scenarios within a socio-technical systems approach. © 2020 The Authors
- Authors: Naweed, Anjum , Bowditch, Lorelle , Trigg, Joshua , Unsworth, Carolyn
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Safety Science Vol. 127, no. (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Work-related injuries and musculoskeletal disorders are a workplace problem within and across organisations, particularly in rail, where they tend to be treated as non-significant and localised health issues. While physical ergonomics and interface-design issues invariably contribute to the incidence of such injuries, contemporary socio-technical systems theories suggest that wider system factors and complex interrelationships between them may also play a role. The Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) model was applied to identify, map and examine injury-linked factors in light rail vehicle (i.e. tram) drivers. Two connected studies were undertaken in a mixed methods research design involving direct (e.g. interviews, observations) and indirect (e.g. cross-sectional surveys) methods of data capture within an Australian light rail organisation. Analysis of data and triangulation of findings revealed that impacts to work-related musculoskeletal disorders are not only local and physical, but psychosocial and distal, such as in driving behaviours engendered by knowledge and levels of interpersonal support received. Application of the PEOP model enabled determination of the complexity around the systems factors contributing to driver injury in the context of rail driving and identification of specific strategies and implications for policy, education and practice. This paper presents the first use of the PEOP model to examine and better understand work-related injuries and musculoskeletal disorders in the rail industry and provides an adaptation of the model as a template for future use in rail and to assist in the understanding of complex injury scenarios within a socio-technical systems approach. © 2020 The Authors
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