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The interrelations between internalized homophobia, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Australian gay men, lesbians, and bisexual women

- McLaren, Suzanne

  • Authors: McLaren, Suzanne
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Homosexuality Vol. 63, no. 2 (2016), p. 156-168
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  • Description: Internalized homophobia has been linked to depression among gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals. Relatively little research has investigated the link between internalized homophobia and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The current research investigated the interrelations among internalized homophobia, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by testing additive, mediation, and moderation models. Self-identified Australian gay men (n = 360), lesbians (n = 444), and bisexual women (n = 114) completed the Internalized Homophobia Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the suicide subscale of the General Health Questionnaire. Results supported the additive and partial mediation models for gay men and the mediation and moderation models for lesbians. None of the models were supported for bisexual women. The findings imply that clinicians should focus on reducing internalized homophobia and depressive symptoms among gay men and lesbians, and depressive symptoms among bisexual women, to reduce suicidal ideation. © 2016 Taylor & Francis.

The interrelations of agency, depression, and suicidal ideation among older adults

- Hobbs, Mitchell, McLaren, Suzanne

  • Authors: Hobbs, Mitchell , McLaren, Suzanne
  • Date: 2009
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Vol. 39, no. 2 (2009), p. 161-171
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  • Description: The high rates of suicide among older men are cause for concern, and have prompted the investigation of factors that might explain these elevated rates. The current research examined whether the gender role construct agency was associated with depression and suicidal ideation among older adults. The results, based on self-report data from a sample of older Australian men (n = 69) and women (n = 90), indicated that depression mediated the relation between agency and suicidal ideation. In addition, for older men only, agency moderated the depression-suicidal ideation relation. The results suggest that older adults, and particularly men, with low levels of agency should be the targets for interventions aimed at increasing levels of agency and improving mental health. © 2009 The American Association of Suicidology.

Development of a suicidal ideation detection tool for primary Healthcare settings : Using open access online psychosocial data

- Meyer, Denny, Abbott, Jo-Anne, Rehm, Imogen, Bhar, Sunil, Barak, Azy, Deng, Gary, Wallace, Klaire, Ogden, Edward, Klein, Britt

  • Authors: Meyer, Denny , Abbott, Jo-Anne , Rehm, Imogen , Bhar, Sunil , Barak, Azy , Deng, Gary , Wallace, Klaire , Ogden, Edward , Klein, Britt
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Telemedicine and e-Health Vol. 23, no. 4 (2017), p. 273-281
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  • Description: Background: Suicidal patients often visit healthcare professionals in their last month before suicide, but medical practitioners are unlikely to raise the issue of suicide with patients because of time constraints and uncertainty regarding an appropriate approach. Introduction: A brief tool called the e-PASS Suicidal Ideation Detector (eSID) was developed for medical practitioners to help detect the presence of suicidal ideation (SI) in their clients. If SI is detected, the system alerts medical practitioners to address this issue with a client. The eSID tool was developed due to the absence of an easy-to-use, evidence-based SI detection tool for general practice. Material and Methods: The tool was developed using binary logistic regression analyses of data provided by clients accessing an online psychological assessment function. Ten primary healthcare professionals provided advice regarding the use of the tool. Results: The analysis identified eleven factors in addition to the Kessler-6 for inclusion in the model used to predict the probability of recent SI. The model performed well across gender and age groups 18-64 (AUR 0.834, 95% CI 0.828-0.841, N = 16,703). Healthcare professionals were interviewed; they recommended that the tool be incorporated into existing medical software systems and that additional resources be supplied, tailored to the level of risk identified. Conclusion: The eSID is expected to trigger risk assessments by healthcare professionals when this is necessary. Initial reactions of healthcare professionals to the tool were favorable, but further testing and in situ development are required. © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

Marital status and suicidal ideation among Australian older adults: the mediating role of sense of belonging

- McLaren, Suzanne, Gomez, Rapson, Gill, Peter, Chester, Jessica

  • Authors: McLaren, Suzanne , Gomez, Rapson , Gill, Peter , Chester, Jessica
  • Date: 2014
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Psychogeriatrics Vol. 27, no. 1 (2014), p. 145-154
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  • Description: Marriage has been identified as a protective factor in relation to suicide among older adults. The current study aimed to investigate whether sense of belonging mediated the marital status-suicidal ideation relationship, and whether gender moderated the mediation model. It was hypothesized that the relationship between being widowed and lower levels of sense of belonging, and between lower levels of belonging and higher levels of suicidal ideation, would be stronger for older men than older women. A community sample of Australian men (n = 286) and women (n = 383) aged from 65 to 98 years completed the psychological subscale of the Sense of Belonging Instrument and the suicide subscale of the General Health Questionnaire. The results supported the moderated mediation model, with gender influencing the marital status-sense of belonging relation. For men, widowhood was associated with lower levels of belongingness, whereas for women, marital status was unrelated to sense of belonging. It would appear crucial to develop and implement interventions which assist older men to find new ways to feel important and valued after the death of their spouse.

The emotion self-confidence model of suicidal ideation

- Deeley, Stephanie, Love, Anthony

  • Authors: Deeley, Stephanie , Love, Anthony
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Advances in Mental Health Vol. 10, no. 3 (2012), p. 246-257
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  • Description: Developing and testing theoretical models of suicidal processes is an important step towards designing appropriately targeted interventions. Though numerous correlates of suicidal ideation have been identifi ed, little theory articulates exactly how suicidal ideation arises in such contexts. Drawing on empirical and theoretical literature, we present the rationale for a stress-coping model to explain the development of suicidal ideation within an individual (the emotion self-confi dence model of suicidal ideation). Negative emotionality is viewed as an internal contextual stressor, potentially leading to the coping response of suicidal ideation, depending on how well an individual believes he/she can cope with or change the negative emotionality (emotion self-confi dence). In particular, high levels of negative emotionality coupled with low emotion self-confi dence would be expected to predispose towards thoughts of suicide. We discuss the relationship between emotion self-confi dence and processes associated with suicidal ideation, such as depression and hopelessness, as well as how emotion self-confi dence relates to broader cognitive behavioral constructs involving coping expectations. Accordingly, we outline the benefi ts of conceptualizing the model within Lazarus and Folkman's (1984; Lazarus, 1999) stress-coping framework. © eContent Management Pty Ltd.

Spirituality as ‘detachment’ and ‘comfort’ in the context of depression

- Snider, Anne-Marie, Smith, Naomi

  • Authors: Snider, Anne-Marie , Smith, Naomi
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal for the Study of Spirituality Vol. 11, no. 2 (2021), p. 117-129
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  • Description: For this study, 40 people with a diagnosis of depression were interviewed about their conceptualisations of spirituality and religion, and whether or not this had an effect on their personal recovery from depression. The aim of the study was to explore the meanings of spirituality in the context of depression. Using a thematic analysis guided by a multi-perspective approach, this paper adds two novel qualities to the meanings of spirituality in the context of depression: ‘detachment’ and ‘comfort’. These are discussed in relation to research on the effects of spirituality on depression, and to current thematic research on experiences of spirituality among adults diagnosed with depression. The findings of this study are speculative and exploratory in nature. © 2021 International Network for the Study of Spirituality and Taylor & Francis.
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