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The need for independent advocacy for people subject to mental health community treatment orders

- Weller, Penelope, Alvarez-Vasquez, Susan, Dale, Matthew, Hill, Nicholas, Martin, Jennifer

  • Authors: Weller, Penelope , Alvarez-Vasquez, Susan , Dale, Matthew , Hill, Nicholas , Martin, Jennifer
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry Vol. 66, no. (2019), p.
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  • Description: Independent mental health advocacy (IMHA) has been proposed as a way of maintaining peoples' rights in involuntary settings, but little is known about the challenges and opportunities associated with the provision of independent mental health advocacy to those on compulsory treatment orders in the community. In Victoria, Australia, an IMHA service is available to people who are at risk of or subject to compulsory treatment, including those who are subject to Community Treatment Orders. The IMHA service is based on the independent advocacy model developed in the United Kingdom. This paper details the benefits and challenges of providing independent non-legal advocacy to those in the community, drawing on a 15-month independent co-produced evaluation of the IMHA service. With limited publicly available sector level data, the evaluation employed qualitative approaches. Issues raised include the need to better target limited resources in the most effective way and the problem of ensuring timely and adequate access. While advocacy was well received by consumers, tensions specific to the community setting were influenced by the attitudes of clinicians to need, risk and recovery as opposed to a coherent understanding of consumer preference and choice. © 2019

The photometric stereo approach and the visualization of 3D face reconstruction

- Khan, Muhammad, Ullah, Zabeeh, Butt, Maria, Arshad, Zohaib, Yousaf, Sobia

  • Authors: Khan, Muhammad , Ullah, Zabeeh , Butt, Maria , Arshad, Zohaib , Yousaf, Sobia
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications Vol. 10, no. 2 (2019), p. 217-221
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  • Description: The 3D Morphable models of the human face have prepared myriad of applications in computer vision, human computer interaction and security surveillances. However, due to the variation in size, complexity of training data set, the landmark mapping, the representation in real time and rendering or synthesis of images in three dimensional is limited. In this paper, we extend the approach of the photometric stereo and provide the human face reconstruction in three dimensional. The proposed method consists of two steps. First it automatically detects the face and segment the iris along with statistical features of pupil location in it. Secondly it provides the selection of minimum six features and where iris process to generate the 3D face. In compare with existing methods our approach provides the automation which produces more better and efficient results in contrast to the manual methods.

The influence of training and expertise on the multisensory perception of beer : a review

- Van Doorn, George, Watson, Shaun, Timora, Justin, Spence, Charles

  • Authors: Van Doorn, George , Watson, Shaun , Timora, Justin , Spence, Charles
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Food Quality and Preference Vol. 79, no. (Jan 2020), p. 8
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  • Description: This review critically evaluates the literature documenting the impact of training on people's percept ion of beer. In certain circumstances, training has been shown to improve people's ability to match and identify beers, and to discriminate between beers and between the distinctive attributes of beer. However, a reasonably consistent finding is that the benefits of beer training do not seem to generalise to novel beers (i.e., those not experienced during training). As such, training would appear to improve the capacity to label perception and/or people's recognition memory for beers, rather than necessarily influencing perception itself. Given how much beer is consumed annually, it is surprising that there has not been more published research into the role that training plays in this particular beverage category. Part of the reason for this may relate to (a) the limited role of experts in this field (e.g., primarily restricted to product testing and quality control; as compared to their much more prominent role in the world of wine), (b) the fact that training is an expensive and time-consuming process, and (c) it is wrongly assumed that the effects of training are similar across different beverage categories (e.g., beer and wine). We suggest that further efforts are therefore required before it will be possible to confidently conclude that training lowers the perceptual thresholds, and enhances the perceptual discrimination abilities, of beer experts above those of novices.

Clinical deterioration of ward patients in the presence of antecedents : A systematic review and narrative synthesis

- Al-Moteri, Modi, Plummer, Virginia, Cooper, Simon J., Symmons, Mark

  • Authors: Al-Moteri, Modi , Plummer, Virginia , Cooper, Simon J. , Symmons, Mark
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Australian Critical Care Vol. 32, no. 5 (2019), p. 411-420
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  • Description: Aim: The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise published accounts of recognising and responding to patient deterioration in the presence of deterioration antecedents. Design: The systematic review canvassed four electronic databases/ search engines for studies of adult ward patients who had altered physiological parameters before developing major adverse events. Synthesis Methods: The findings were synthesised using a narrative approach. Results: Clinical deterioration can be missed by nurses, even with adequate charting. Delays in recognising and responding to patient deterioration remains an international patient safety concern, and strategies to enhance recognition of patient deterioration have not achieved consistent improvements. The lack of significant and sustained improvement through targeted training suggests the problem may be rooted in human behaviour and local ward culture. Nurses play a pivotal role in recognising and responding to patient deterioration; however, patient records do not facilitate tracking of all nurse decisions and actions, and any undocumented care cannot be easily captured by auditing processes. Conclusion: Failure to recognise clinical deterioration was evident even with adequate charting. It is not clear if nurses do not recognise clinical deterioration because they failed to interpret the signs of deterioration or they made a conscious decision not to escalate based on their clinical judgement or they lacked attention at the time of the event. Whatever the reason, focus is warranted for nurses' decisionmaking after the recording of clinical deterioration signs and the role of human factors in delayed recognition, before maximum benefit of any strategy can be achieved.

A three-stage intrathymic development pathway for the mucosal-associated invariant T cell lineage

- Koay, Hui-Fern, Gherardin, Nicholas, Enders, Anselm, Loh, Liyen, Mackay, Laura, Almeida, Catarina, Russ, Brendan, Nold-Petry, Claudia, Nold, Marcel, Bedoui, Sammy, Chen, Zhenjun, Corbett, Alexandra, Eckle, Sidonia, Meehan, Bronwyn, d'Udekem, Yves, Konstantinov, Igor, Lappas, Martha, Liu, Ligong, Goodnow, Chris, Fairlie, David, Rossjohn, Jamie, Chong, Mark, Kedzierska, Katherine, Berzins, Stuart, Belz, Gabrielle, McCluskey, James, Uldrich, Adam, Godfrey, Dale, Pellicci, Daniel

A fully automated breast cancer recognition system using discrete-gradient based clustering and multi category feature selection

- Ghosh, Ranadhir, Ghosh, Moumita, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Ghosh, Ranadhir , Ghosh, Moumita , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics Vol. 9, no. 3 (2005), p. 244-256
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  • Description: Advances in machine intelligence have provided a whole new window of opportunities in medical research. Building a fully automated computer aided diagnostic system for digital mammograms is just one of them. Given some success with semi-automated systems earlier, a fully automated CAD system is just another step forward. A proper combination of a feature selection model and a classifier for those areas of a mammogram marked by radiologists has been very successful. However a fully automated system with only two modules is a time consuming process as the suspicious areas in a mammogram can be quite small when compared to the whole image. Thus an additional clustering process can help in reducing the time complexity of the overall process. In this paper we propose a fast clustering process to identify suspicious areas. Another novelty of this paper is a multi-category feature selection approach. The choice of features to represent the patterns affects several aspects of pattern recognition problems such as accuracy, required learning time and the required number of samples. In this paper we propose a hybrid canonical based feature extraction technique as a combination of an evolutionary algorithm based classifier with a feed forward MLP model.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003001358

Deltamides and croconamides: Expanding the range of dual h‐bond donors for selective anion recognition

- Zwicker, Vincent, Yuen, Karen, Smith, David, Ho, Junming, Qin, Lei, Turner, Peter, Jolliffe, Katrina

  • Authors: Zwicker, Vincent , Yuen, Karen , Smith, David , Ho, Junming , Qin, Lei , Turner, Peter , Jolliffe, Katrina
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Chemistry : a European journal Vol. 24, no. 5 (2018), p. 1140-1150
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  • Description: Dual H‐bond donors are widely used as recognition motifs in anion receptors. We report the synthesis of a library of dual H‐bond receptors, incorporating the deltic and croconic acid derivatives, termed deltamides and croconamides, respectively, and a comparison of their anion binding affinities (for monovalent species) and Brønsted acidities to those of the well‐established urea and squaramide dual H‐bond donor motifs. For dual H‐bonding cores with identical substituents, the trend in Brønsted acidity is croconamides>squaramides>deltamides>ureas, with the croconamides found to be 10–15 pKa units more acidic than the corresponding ureas. In contrast to the trends displayed by ureas, deltamides and squaramides, N,N′‐dialkyl croconamides displayed higher binding affinity to chloride than the N,N′‐diaryl derivatives, which was attributed to partial deprotonation of the N,N′‐diaryl derivatives at neutral pH. A number of differences in anion binding selectivity were observed upon comparison of the dual H‐bond cores. Whereas the squaramides display similar affinity for both chloride and acetate ions, the ureas have significantly higher affinity for acetate than chloride ions and the deltamides display higher affinity for dihydrogenphosphate ions than other oxoanions or halides. These inherent differences in binding affinity could be exploited in the design of anion receptors with improved ability to discriminate between monovalent anions. Croconamides spotted in the delta! Bite‐angle and Brønsted acidity control anion binding affinity and selectivity by amides from the oxo‐carbon family.
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