List of Titles

ADRA2A polymorphisms and ADHD in adults : Possible mediating effect of personality

- de Cerqueira, Caio, Polina, Evelise, Contini, Veronica, Marques, Francine, Grevet, Eugenio, Salgado, Carlos, da Silva, Paula, Picon, Felipe, Belmonte-De-Abreu, Paulo, Bau, Claiton

Authors: de Cerqueira, Caio , Polina, Evelise , Contini, Veronica , Marques, Francine , Grevet, Eugenio , Salgado, Carlos , da Silva, Paula , Picon, Felipe , Belmonte-De-Abreu, Paulo , Bau, Claiton
Date: 2011
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Psychiatry Research Vol. 186, no. 2-3 (2011), p. 345-350
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Description: Several studies have tested for the association between polymorphisms in the ADRA2A gene and childhood ADHD. A meta-analysis of these results, however, has pointed towards a significant heterogeneity, raising the need for explanatory studies. As the effect of other relevant clinical characteristics could be a possible source, we studied three polymorphisms in the ADRA2A gene (−1291 C>G–MspI or rs1800544; −262 G>A–HhaI or rs1800544; 1780 C>T–DraI or rs553668) in 403 adult patients with ADHD assessed in relation to comorbidity and personality characteristics, as well as in 232 controls. The diagnosis followed DSM-IV criteria, and personality dimensions were evaluated with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). There were no significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between cases and controls. Patients carrying the G allele of rs1800544 presented lower scores in harm avoidance, and carriers of the T allele of rs553668 had more novelty seeking and less harm avoidance and persistence. Additionally, the haplotype carrying the G-G-T alleles (rs1800544–rs1800545–rs553668) was associated with lower scores in harm avoidance and persistence, and higher scores in novelty seeking compared to other haplotypes. These findings suggest that the conflicting findings obtained in association studies between ADRA2A polymorphisms and ADHD might be related to temperament profiles, and support additional studies addressing these effects in larger samples.

Appraisal of random and systematic land cover transitions for regional water balance and revegetation strategies

- Versace, Vincent, Ierodiaconou, Daniel, Stagnitti, Frank, Hamilton, Andrew

Authors: Versace, Vincent , Ierodiaconou, Daniel , Stagnitti, Frank , Hamilton, Andrew
Date: 2008
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Vol. 123, no. 4 (2008), p. 328-336
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Description: This study describes the use of landscape transition analysis as a means for effective basin management. Land cover transitions from 1995 to 2002 were analyzed using a cross-tabulation matrix for an important economic zone in south-west Victoria, Australia. Specifically, the matrix was used to determine whether the transitions were random or systematic. Random landscape transitions occur when a land cover replaces other land covers in proportion to their availability.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in an adult sample : Associations with cloninger's temperament and character dimensions

- Gomez, Rapson, Woodworth, Rosalind, Waugh, Megan, Corr, Philip

Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Woodworth, Rosalind , Waugh, Megan , Corr, Philip
Date: 2012
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 52, no. 3 (2012), p. 290-294
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Description: Relationships between C.R. Cloninger's temperament and character dimensions and the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) were examined in 231 adults from the general population. Regression analyses that predicated overall ADHD, IA and HI by the seven temperament/character dimensions revealed: IA was predicted positively by Harm Avoidance and negatively by Self-Directedness; HI was predicted positively by Persistence; and overall ADHD was predicted negatively by Self-Directedness. These findings are also interpreted in terms of current theories of ADHD, and the related original and revised versions of Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality. © 2011.

Germination ecology of hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) and its implications for weed management

- Loura, Deepak, Sahil, Florentine, Singarayer, Chauhan, Bhagirath

Authors: Loura, Deepak , Sahil , Florentine, Singarayer , Chauhan, Bhagirath
Date: 2020
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Weed Science Vol. 68, no. 4 (Jul 2020), p. 411-417
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Description: Hairy fleabane [Conyza bonariensis(L.) Cronquist] is a problematic weed in Australian no-till cropping systems. Consequently, a study was conducted to examine the effect of temperature, light, salt stress, osmotic stress, burial depth, and sorghum crop residue on germination and emergence in two populations (C and W: collected from chick pea [Cicer arietinumL.] and wheat [Triticum aestivumL.] fields, respectively) ofC. bonariensis. Both populations were able to germinate over a wide range of alternating day/night temperatures (15/5 to 35/25 C); however, the C population had optimum (and similar) germination over the range of 20/10 and 30/20 C, while the W population showed maximum germination at 25/15 C. A negative relationship was observed between osmotic potential and germination, with 31% and 14% germination of the C and W populations at -0.6 MPa, respectively. These observations suggest that population C was more tolerant to higher osmotic potentials than population W. Seeds of both populations germinated when exposed to a wide range of sodium chloride levels (NaCl, 0 to 200 mM); however, beyond 200 mM NaCl, no germination was observed in either population. Maximum germination of the C (70%) and W (41%) populations was observed on the soil surface with no emergence from a burial depth of 1 cm. The application of sorghum residue at an amount of 6,000 kg ha(-1)reduced emergence of the C and W populations by 55% and 58%, respectively, compared with the no-residue treatment. Knowledge gained from this study suggests that the following strategies could be used for more efficacious management ofC. bonariensis: (1) a shallow-tillage operation to bury weed seeds in conventional tillage systems, and (2) retention of sorghum residue on the soil surface in no-till systems.

Anxiety, flipped approach and self-efficacy : exploring nursing student outcomes

- Croy, Glen, Garvey, Loretta, Willetts, Georgina, Wheelahan, Jamie, Hood, Kerry

Authors: Croy, Glen , Garvey, Loretta , Willetts, Georgina , Wheelahan, Jamie , Hood, Kerry
Date: 2020
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 93, no. (2020), p.
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Description: Background: Self-efficacy is crucial for student success. Studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between flipped learning approach and self-efficacy. Anxiety, however, can reduce self-efficacy. Objective: Testing the relationship between the flipped approach and self-efficacy by flipping a nursing module within an externally-imposed and once-off anxiety-inducing context. Method: Students completed a self-efficacy survey before (n = 71) and after (n = 91) a compressed semester, which provided the anxiety-inducing context. Results: Pre-semester self-efficacy was 2.93/4, and post-semester was 2.98/4. The results demonstrated no significant change in students' self-efficacy. Conclusion: We argue the flipped approach counters anxiety-inducing effects to maintain self-efficacy. In less anxiety-inducing contexts, we argue the flipped approach would develop students' confidence, capability, persistence and strength beliefs, collectively enhancing self-efficacy perceptions. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

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