List of Titles

Frame interpolation for cloud-based mobile video streaming

- Usman, Muhammad, Xiangjian, He, Kin-Man, Lam, Min, Xu, Bokhari, Syed, Jinjun, Chen

Authors: Usman, Muhammad , Xiangjian, He , Kin-Man, Lam , Min, Xu , Bokhari, Syed , Jinjun, Chen
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: IEEE transactions on multimedia Vol. 18, no. 5 (2016), p. 831-839
Full Text: false
Reviewed:
Description: Cloud-based High Definition (HD) video streaming is becoming popular day by day. On one hand, it is important for both end users and large storage servers to store their huge amount of data at different locations and servers. On the other hand, it is becoming a big challenge for network service providers to provide reliable connectivity to the network users. There have been many studies over cloud-based video streaming for Quality of Experience (QoE) for services like YouTube. Packet losses and bit errors are very common in transmission networks, which affect the user feedback over cloud-based media services. To cover up packet losses and bit errors, Error Concealment (EC) techniques are usually applied at the decoder/receiver side to estimate the lost information. This paper proposes a time-efficient and quality-oriented EC method. The proposed method considers H.265/HEVC based intra-encoded videos for the estimation of whole intra-frame loss. The main emphasis in the proposed approach is the recovery of Motion Vectors (MVs) of a lost frame in real-time. To boost-up the search process for the lost MVs, a bigger block size and searching in parallel are both considered. The simulation results clearly show that our proposed method outperforms the traditional Block Matching Algorithm (BMA) by approximately 2.5 dB and Frame Copy (FC) by up to 12 dB at a packet loss rate of 1%, 3%, and 5% with different Quantization Parameters (QPs). The computational time of the proposed approach outperforms the BMA by approximately 1788 seconds.

An improved mechanism for flow rule installation in In-band SDN

- Awan, Israr, Shah, Nadir, Imran, Muhammad, Shoaib, Muhammad, Saeed, Nasir

Authors: Awan, Israr , Shah, Nadir , Imran, Muhammad , Shoaib, Muhammad , Saeed, Nasir
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Systems Architecture Vol. 96, no. (2019), p. 1-19
Full Text: false
Reviewed:
Description: Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new network architecture that controls the network through a logically centralized controller. The controller computes and installs the flow rules (i.e., entries) in the flow table at switches. When a switch receives the data packet and does not have the flow rule in its flow table, the switch contacts controller. The best path is computed by using topology and network policies. Then controller installs flow rules at switches along the path. Subsequently, the packet is forwarded to the switches accordingly. Due to the asynchronous nature of SDN, the packet may reach an intermediate switch before the corresponding flow rules. In this case, the packet is dropped by the switch. To address this problem, we propose a new technique that computes delay of both, the flow rules installation and packet arrival at a switch along the path. In case the packet arrival delay at the switch S1 is less than the delay of corresponding flow rule installation at S1, then the packet is delayed for a minimum duration at the predecessor switch of S1 in such a way that the corresponding flow rule is installed before the packet arrival. Thus, the proposed mechanism ensures flow rule installation before the corresponding packet reaches switches and subsequently reduces packet loss. To compute the delay between any two switches, and a switch and controller, our proposed technique exploits the keep-alive messages exchanged between switch and controller in order to reduce the redundant traffic in the network. We evaluated our proposed technique in terms of packet delivery ratio and average packet end-to-end delay in Mininet emulator. Our proposed technique improves the packet delivery ratio up to 36% and average packet end-to-end delay is reduced to 12% in case of a varying number of flows as compared to an existing mechanism. Moreover, we testify our proposed technique by running the real network traces. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Corrigendum: Correction of Acknowledgment: An improved mechanism for flow rule installation in In-band SDN (Journal of Systems Architecture (2019) 96 (1–19), (S1383762118304739), (10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.01.016)). In the above published article, some contents were missing from the Acknowledgment section, which should be properly included as follows: © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Description: Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new network architecture that controls the network through a logically centralized controller. The controller computes and installs the flow rules (i.e., entries) in the flow table at switches. When a switch receives the data packet and does not have the flow rule in its flow table, the switch contacts controller. The best path is computed by using topology and network policies. Then controller installs flow rules at switches along the path. Subsequently, the packet is forwarded to the switches accordingly. Due to the asynchronous nature of SDN, the packet may reach an intermediate switch before the corresponding flow rules. In this case, the packet is dropped by the switch. To address this problem, we propose a new technique that computes delay of both, the flow rules installation and packet arrival at a switch along the path. In case the packet arrival delay at the switch S1 is less than the delay of corresponding flow rule installation at S1, then the packet is delayed for a minimum duration at the predecessor switch of S1 in such a way that the corresponding flow rule is installed before the packet arrival. Thus, the proposed mechanism ensures flow rule installation before the corresponding packet reaches switches and subsequently reduces packet loss. To compute the delay between any two switches, and a switch and controller, our proposed technique exploits the keep-alive messages exchanged between switch and controller in order to reduce the redundant traffic in the network. We evaluated our proposed technique in terms of packet delivery ratio and average packet end-to-end delay in Mininet emulator. Our proposed technique improves the packet delivery ratio up to 36% and average packet end-to-end delay is reduced to 12% in case of a varying number of flows as compared to an existing mechanism. Moreover, we testify our proposed technique by running the real network traces. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Update notice: Erratum to ‘An Improved Mechanism for Flow Rule Installation in In-band SDN’ [Journal of Systems Architecture, 96, 2019, Pages 32–51](S1383762119301079)(10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.03.002)) Journal of Systems Architecture, Volume 96, Pages R1, June 2019

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