- Tomaszewski, Maciej, Charchar, Fadi, Przybycin, Malgorzata, Crawford, Lynne, Wallace, A. Michael., Gosek, Katarzyna, Lowe, Gordon. D., Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa, Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw, Sattar, Naveed, Dominiczak, Anna
- Authors: Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi , Przybycin, Malgorzata , Crawford, Lynne , Wallace, A. Michael. , Gosek, Katarzyna , Lowe, Gordon. D. , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa , Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw , Sattar, Naveed , Dominiczak, Anna
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Vol. 23, no. 9 (2003), p. 1640-1644
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective-This study was undertaken to evaluate to what extent C-reactive protein (CRP) can be reduced by exercise by examining its circulating concentrations in male ultramarathon runners and to determine if low leptin as a robust circulating marker of fat mass could account for low CRP in such men. Methods and Results-Sixty-seven male ultramarathon runners and 63 sedentary male controls of similar age and body mass index were recruited. CRP and leptin were measured by ELISA and radioimmunoassay, respectively. Median CRP concentration in lean (body mass index <25 kg/m(2)) marathon runners was less than half control median (0.4 [0.2 to 0.9] mg/L versus 0.9 [0.5 to 2.7] mg/L, P=0.0013) and, more strikingly, in nonlean runners was approximately 26% of control median (0.4 [0.3 to 0.8] mg/L versus 1.5 [0.9 to 2.5] mg/L, P=0.0002). Circulating leptin levels were also substantially lower in lean (45% less) and nonlean (63% less, both P=0.0001) ultramarathon runners. However, interleukin-6 levels were not different. Furthermore, leptin adjustment only minimally attenuated the case-control difference in CRP, suggesting that mechanisms other than fat mass reduction contribute to low concentrations of CRP in marathon runners. Conclusions-This study suggests that circulating CRP concentrations can be markedly suppressed, independently of total adiposity or indeed fat mass, by intense regular physical exercise.
Polyclonal T-Cells Express CD1a in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) Lesions
- West, Jennifer, Olsen, Sharon, Mitchell, Jenée, Priddle, Ross, Luke, Jennifer, Åkefeldt, Selma Olsson, Henter, Jan-Inge, Turville, Christopher, Kannourakis, George
- Authors: West, Jennifer , Olsen, Sharon , Mitchell, Jenée , Priddle, Ross , Luke, Jennifer , Åkefeldt, Selma Olsson , Henter, Jan-Inge , Turville, Christopher , Kannourakis, George
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: PLoS ONE Vol. 9, no. 10 (2014), p. 1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a complex and poorly understood disorder that has characteristics of both inflammatory and neoplastic disease. By using eight-colour flow cytometry, we have identified a previously unreported population of CD1a+/CD3+ T-cells in LCH lesions. The expression of CD1a is regarded as a hallmark of this disease; however, it has always been presumed that it was only expressed by pathogenic Langerhans cells (LCs). We have now detected CD1a expression by a range of T-cell subsets within all of the LCH lesions that were examined, establishing that CD1a expression in these lesions is no longer restricted to pathogenic LCs. The presence of CD1a+ T-cells in all of the LCH lesions that we have studied to date warrants further investigation into their biological function to determine whether these cells are important in the pathogenesis of LCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of PLoS ONE is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Authors: West, Jennifer , Olsen, Sharon , Mitchell, Jenée , Priddle, Ross , Luke, Jennifer , Åkefeldt, Selma Olsson , Henter, Jan-Inge , Turville, Christopher , Kannourakis, George
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: PLoS ONE Vol. 9, no. 10 (2014), p. 1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a complex and poorly understood disorder that has characteristics of both inflammatory and neoplastic disease. By using eight-colour flow cytometry, we have identified a previously unreported population of CD1a+/CD3+ T-cells in LCH lesions. The expression of CD1a is regarded as a hallmark of this disease; however, it has always been presumed that it was only expressed by pathogenic Langerhans cells (LCs). We have now detected CD1a expression by a range of T-cell subsets within all of the LCH lesions that were examined, establishing that CD1a expression in these lesions is no longer restricted to pathogenic LCs. The presence of CD1a+ T-cells in all of the LCH lesions that we have studied to date warrants further investigation into their biological function to determine whether these cells are important in the pathogenesis of LCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of PLoS ONE is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Singlet molecular oxygen regulates vascular tone and blood pressure in inflammation
- Stanley, Christopher, Maghzal, Ghassan, Ayer, Anita, Talib, Jihan, Giltrap, Andrew, Shengule, Sudhir, Wolhuter, Kathryn, Wang, Yutang, Chadha, Preet, Suarna, Cacang, Prysyazhna, Oleksandra, Scotcher, Jenna, Dunn, Louise, Prado, Fernanda, Nguyen, Nghi, Odiba, Jephthah, Baell, Johathan, Stasch, Johannes-Peter, Yamamoto, Yorihiro, Di Mascio, Paolo, Eaton, Philip, Payne, Richard, Stocker, Roland
- Authors: Stanley, Christopher , Maghzal, Ghassan , Ayer, Anita , Talib, Jihan , Giltrap, Andrew , Shengule, Sudhir , Wolhuter, Kathryn , Wang, Yutang , Chadha, Preet , Suarna, Cacang , Prysyazhna, Oleksandra , Scotcher, Jenna , Dunn, Louise , Prado, Fernanda , Nguyen, Nghi , Odiba, Jephthah , Baell, Johathan , Stasch, Johannes-Peter , Yamamoto, Yorihiro , Di Mascio, Paolo , Eaton, Philip , Payne, Richard , Stocker, Roland
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Letter
- Relation: Nature Vol. 566, no. 7745 (2019), p. 548-552
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Singlet molecular oxygen (O-1(2)) has well-established roles in photosynthetic plants, bacteria and fungi(1-3), but not in mammals. Chemically generated O-1(2) oxidizes the amino acid tryptophan to precursors of a key metabolite called N-formylkynurenine(4), whereas enzymatic oxidation of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine is catalysed by a family of dioxygenases, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(5). Under inflammatory conditions, this haem-containing enzyme is expressed in arterial endothelial cells, where it contributes to the regulation of blood pressure(6). However, whether indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 forms O-1(2) and whether this contributes to blood pressure control have remained unknown. Here we show that arterial indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 regulates blood pressure via formation of O-1(2). We observed that in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme generates O-1(2) and that this is associated with the stereoselective oxidation of L-tryptophan to a tricyclic hydroperoxide via a previously unrecognized oxidative activation of the dioxygenase activity. The tryptophan-derived hydroperoxide acts in vivo as a signalling molecule, inducing arterial relaxation and decreasing blood pressure; this activity is dependent on Cys42 of protein kinase G1 alpha. Our findings demonstrate a pathophysiological role for O-1(2) in mammals through formation of an amino acid-derived hydroperoxide that regulates vascular tone and blood pressure under inflammatory conditions.
- Authors: Stanley, Christopher , Maghzal, Ghassan , Ayer, Anita , Talib, Jihan , Giltrap, Andrew , Shengule, Sudhir , Wolhuter, Kathryn , Wang, Yutang , Chadha, Preet , Suarna, Cacang , Prysyazhna, Oleksandra , Scotcher, Jenna , Dunn, Louise , Prado, Fernanda , Nguyen, Nghi , Odiba, Jephthah , Baell, Johathan , Stasch, Johannes-Peter , Yamamoto, Yorihiro , Di Mascio, Paolo , Eaton, Philip , Payne, Richard , Stocker, Roland
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Letter
- Relation: Nature Vol. 566, no. 7745 (2019), p. 548-552
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Singlet molecular oxygen (O-1(2)) has well-established roles in photosynthetic plants, bacteria and fungi(1-3), but not in mammals. Chemically generated O-1(2) oxidizes the amino acid tryptophan to precursors of a key metabolite called N-formylkynurenine(4), whereas enzymatic oxidation of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine is catalysed by a family of dioxygenases, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(5). Under inflammatory conditions, this haem-containing enzyme is expressed in arterial endothelial cells, where it contributes to the regulation of blood pressure(6). However, whether indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 forms O-1(2) and whether this contributes to blood pressure control have remained unknown. Here we show that arterial indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 regulates blood pressure via formation of O-1(2). We observed that in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme generates O-1(2) and that this is associated with the stereoselective oxidation of L-tryptophan to a tricyclic hydroperoxide via a previously unrecognized oxidative activation of the dioxygenase activity. The tryptophan-derived hydroperoxide acts in vivo as a signalling molecule, inducing arterial relaxation and decreasing blood pressure; this activity is dependent on Cys42 of protein kinase G1 alpha. Our findings demonstrate a pathophysiological role for O-1(2) in mammals through formation of an amino acid-derived hydroperoxide that regulates vascular tone and blood pressure under inflammatory conditions.
Influence of post-exercise hypoxic exposure on hepcidin response in athletes
- Badenhorst, Claire, Dawson, Brian, Goodman, Carmel, Sim, Marc, Cox, Gregory, Gore, Christopher, Tjalsma, Harold, Swinkels, Dorine, Peeling, Peter
- Authors: Badenhorst, Claire , Dawson, Brian , Goodman, Carmel , Sim, Marc , Cox, Gregory , Gore, Christopher , Tjalsma, Harold , Swinkels, Dorine , Peeling, Peter
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: European Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 114, no. 5 (2014), p. 951-959
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: PURPOSE: To assess the influence of a simulated altitude exposure (~2,900 m above sea level) for a 3 h recovery period following intense interval running on post-exercise inflammation, serum iron, ferritin, erythropoietin, and hepcidin response. METHODS: In a cross-over design, ten well-trained male endurance athletes completed two 8 x 3 min interval running sessions at 85 % of their maximal aerobic velocity on a motorized treadmill, before being randomly assigned to either a hypoxic (HYP: F IO2 ~0.1513) or a normoxic (NORM: F IO2 0.2093) 3 h recovery period. Venous blood was collected pre- and immediately post-exercise, and after 3 and 24 h of recovery. Blood was analyzed for interleukin-6, serum iron, ferritin, erythropoietin, and hepcidin. RESULTS: Interleukin-6 was significantly elevated (p < 0.01) immediately post-exercise compared to baseline (NORM: 1.08 +/- 0.061 to 3.12 +/- 1.80) (HYP: 1.32 +/- 0.86 to 2.99 +/- 2.02), but was not different between conditions. Hepcidin levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.01) at 3 h post-exercise for both conditions when compared to baseline (NORM: 3.25 +/- 1.23 to 7.40 +/- 4.00) (HYP: 3.24 +/- 1.94 to 5.42 +/- 3.20), but were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the HYP trial compared to NORM. No significant differences existed between HYP and NORM for erythropoietin, serum iron, or ferritin. CONCLUSION: Simulated altitude exposure (~2,900 m) for 3 h following intense interval running attenuates the peak hepcidin levels recorded at 3 h post-exercise. Consequently, a hypoxic recovery after exercise may be useful for athletes with compromised iron status to potentially increase acute dietary iron absorption.
Effect of tart cherry juice on recovery and next day performance in well-trained Water Polo players
- McCormick, Rachel, Peeling, Peter, Binnie, Martyn, Dawson, Brian, Sim, Marc
- Authors: McCormick, Rachel , Peeling, Peter , Binnie, Martyn , Dawson, Brian , Sim, Marc
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Vol. 13, no. 1 (2016), p. 1-8
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Tart Montmorency cherries contain high concentrations of phytochemicals and anthocyanins, which have recently been linked to improved athletic recovery and subsequent performance. To date however, previous work reporting promising results has focused on land-based endurance sports, with any potential benefits to team sports remaining unknown. As such, this investigation set-out to examine the effect of supplemental tart cherry juice (CJ) on recovery and next day athletic performance in highly-trained water-based team sport athletes over seven days. Methods: In a randomised, double-blind, repeated measures, crossover design, nine male Water Polo athletes were supplemented with CJ or a placebo equivalent (PLA) for six consecutive days. Prior to, and at the completion of the supplementation period, water-based performance testing was conducted. On day 6, participants also undertook a fatiguing simulated team game activity. Venous blood samples were collected (Pre-exercise: day 1, 6 and 7; Post-exercise: day 6) to investigate markers of inflammation [Interleukin-6 (IL-6); C-reactive protein (CRP)] and oxidative stress [Uric Acid (UA); F2-Isoprostane (F2-IsoP)]. A daily diary was also completed (total quality of recovery, delayed onset muscle soreness) as a measure of perceptual recovery. Results: In both conditions, day 6 post-exercise IL-6 was significantly higher than pre-exercise and day 7 (p<0.05); CRP was greater on day 7 as compared to day 6 pre- and post-exercise (p<0.05); F2-IsoP was significantly lower on day 7 as compared to day 1 and day 6 (p<0.05); UA remained unchanged (p>0.05). No differences were found for any performance or recovery measures. Conclusions: The lack of difference observed in the blood markers between groups may reflect the intermittent, non-weight bearing demands of Water Polo, with such activity possibly unable to create a substantial inflammatory response or oxidative stress (over 7 days) to impede performance; thereby negating any potential beneficial effects associated with CJ supplementation. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Registration number: ACTRN12616001080415. Date registered: 11/08/2016, retrospectively registered. © 2016 The Author(s).
- Authors: McCormick, Rachel , Peeling, Peter , Binnie, Martyn , Dawson, Brian , Sim, Marc
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Vol. 13, no. 1 (2016), p. 1-8
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Tart Montmorency cherries contain high concentrations of phytochemicals and anthocyanins, which have recently been linked to improved athletic recovery and subsequent performance. To date however, previous work reporting promising results has focused on land-based endurance sports, with any potential benefits to team sports remaining unknown. As such, this investigation set-out to examine the effect of supplemental tart cherry juice (CJ) on recovery and next day athletic performance in highly-trained water-based team sport athletes over seven days. Methods: In a randomised, double-blind, repeated measures, crossover design, nine male Water Polo athletes were supplemented with CJ or a placebo equivalent (PLA) for six consecutive days. Prior to, and at the completion of the supplementation period, water-based performance testing was conducted. On day 6, participants also undertook a fatiguing simulated team game activity. Venous blood samples were collected (Pre-exercise: day 1, 6 and 7; Post-exercise: day 6) to investigate markers of inflammation [Interleukin-6 (IL-6); C-reactive protein (CRP)] and oxidative stress [Uric Acid (UA); F2-Isoprostane (F2-IsoP)]. A daily diary was also completed (total quality of recovery, delayed onset muscle soreness) as a measure of perceptual recovery. Results: In both conditions, day 6 post-exercise IL-6 was significantly higher than pre-exercise and day 7 (p<0.05); CRP was greater on day 7 as compared to day 6 pre- and post-exercise (p<0.05); F2-IsoP was significantly lower on day 7 as compared to day 1 and day 6 (p<0.05); UA remained unchanged (p>0.05). No differences were found for any performance or recovery measures. Conclusions: The lack of difference observed in the blood markers between groups may reflect the intermittent, non-weight bearing demands of Water Polo, with such activity possibly unable to create a substantial inflammatory response or oxidative stress (over 7 days) to impede performance; thereby negating any potential beneficial effects associated with CJ supplementation. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Registration number: ACTRN12616001080415. Date registered: 11/08/2016, retrospectively registered. © 2016 The Author(s).
Seven days of high carbohydrate ingestion does not attenuate post-exercise IL-6 and hepcidin levels
- Badenhorst, Claire, Dawson, Brian, Cox, Gregory, Sim, Marc, Laarakkers, Coby, Swinkels, Dorine, Peeling, Peter
- Authors: Badenhorst, Claire , Dawson, Brian , Cox, Gregory , Sim, Marc , Laarakkers, Coby , Swinkels, Dorine , Peeling, Peter
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: European Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 116, no. 9 (2016), p. 1715-1724
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: PURPOSE: This investigation examined if a high carbohydrate (CHO) diet, maintained across a seven-day training period, could attenuate post-exercise interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum hepcidin levels. METHODS: Twelve endurance-trained male athletes completed two seven-day running training blocks whilst consuming either a high (8 g kg(-1)) versus a low (3 g kg(-1)) CHO isoenergetic diet. Each training block consisted of five running sessions performed on days 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7, with the intensity and duration of each session matched between training weeks. Serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hepcidin were measured pre- and either immediately (IL-6) or 3-h (hepcidin) post-exercise on days 1 and 7 of each training week. RESULTS: During each training week, the immediate post-exercise IL-6 and 3-h post-exercise serum hepcidin levels were significantly elevated (both p = 0.001) from pre-exercise on days 1 and 7. These increases were not different between trials. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ingestion of a high (compared to low) CHO diet over a seven-day training period is ineffective in attenuating post-exercise IL-6 and hepcidin responses. Such results may be due to the modest training load, the increased protein intake in the low-CHO trial, and a 48 h recovery period prior to sample collection on day 7, allowing a full recovery of muscle glycogen status between exercise sessions.
Commercial lentils (lens culinaris) provide antioxidative and broad-spectrum anti-cancerous effects
- Kiran, Sudha, Johnson, Joel, Mani, Janice, Portman, Andrew, Mizzi, Trent, Naiker, Mani
- Authors: Kiran, Sudha , Johnson, Joel , Mani, Janice , Portman, Andrew , Mizzi, Trent , Naiker, Mani
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Legume Research Vol. 44, no. 2 (Feb 2021), p. 202-206
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Interest is growing surrounding functional foods, which provide health benefits in addition to nutritional value. In particular, there is a focus on pulse crops which contain high levels of polyphenolics, such as lentils. Methods: In this study, polyphenols were extracted from five L. culinaris varieties and characterized by both their antioxidant profile and cytotoxic activity. Result: Hulled varieties had a high content of secondary metabolites (>70 mg GAE/g), while all varieties demonstrated high antioxidant potential (1570-2020 Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity index). Furthermore, all extracts showed significant cytotoxicity against H9C2, HepG2, A549 and Calu-1 cancer cell lines. This recommends further investigation into the specific compounds present in L. culinaris, which could potentially be exploited for their anti-cancer activity.
The effects of norepinephrine on the proliferation, lipid-uptake and mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in vascular smooth muscle cells
- Authors: Anesi, Jack
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Thesis , Master of Applied Science
- Full Text:
- Description: Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading, global cause of death. Elevated levels of norepinephrine (NE) are associated with CVDs such as coronary heart disease with atherosclerosis as the underlying mechanism. Oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) has been shown to play an integral role in the formation of atherosclerosis within the vasculature. Previous studies suggest a decrease in NE by renal denervation is associated with enhanced atherosclerosis in mice and NE has anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we hypothesised that NE may protect against atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NE on cellular proliferation, OxLDL uptake and mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a key cell type involved in atherosclerosis. Methods: Mouse aortic VSMCs were cultured and treated with NE for three consecutive days. Cell proliferation was measured using the trypan blue exclusion and MTS proliferation assays. VSMCs were exposed to fluorescence-labelled OxLDL in the presence or absence of NE for 24 hours. Cellular uptake of fluorescence-labelled OxLDL was visualised by confocal microscopy and analysed for mean fluorescence intensity using ImageJ. To investigate the involvement of NE receptors, the
- Description: Masters
- Authors: Anesi, Jack
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Thesis , Master of Applied Science
- Full Text:
- Description: Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading, global cause of death. Elevated levels of norepinephrine (NE) are associated with CVDs such as coronary heart disease with atherosclerosis as the underlying mechanism. Oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) has been shown to play an integral role in the formation of atherosclerosis within the vasculature. Previous studies suggest a decrease in NE by renal denervation is associated with enhanced atherosclerosis in mice and NE has anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we hypothesised that NE may protect against atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NE on cellular proliferation, OxLDL uptake and mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a key cell type involved in atherosclerosis. Methods: Mouse aortic VSMCs were cultured and treated with NE for three consecutive days. Cell proliferation was measured using the trypan blue exclusion and MTS proliferation assays. VSMCs were exposed to fluorescence-labelled OxLDL in the presence or absence of NE for 24 hours. Cellular uptake of fluorescence-labelled OxLDL was visualised by confocal microscopy and analysed for mean fluorescence intensity using ImageJ. To investigate the involvement of NE receptors, the
- Description: Masters
Short-term and lifelong exercise training lowers inflammatory mediators in older men
- Hayes, Lawrence, Herbert, Peter, Sculthorpe, Nicholas, Grace, Fergal
- Authors: Hayes, Lawrence , Herbert, Peter , Sculthorpe, Nicholas , Grace, Fergal
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 12, no. (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Increased basal low-grade inflammation is observed with advancing age, which is augmented by physical inactivity. However, data regarding the influence of lifelong exercise training and particularly high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory mediators in older men are scarce. Therefore, we examined effects of 6weeks of aerobic preconditioning followed by 6weeks of HIIT on inflammatory mediators [interleukin (IL)-6, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] in previously sedentary older men (SED) and masters athletes (LEX). Further, we investigated whether SED exhibited greater basal inflammatory biomarkers compared to LEX. Twenty-two men (aged 62±2years) participated in the SED group, while 17 age-matched LEX men (aged 60±5years) also participated as a positive comparison group. In SED, preconditioning (P=0.030, d=0.34) and HIIT (P=0.030, d=0.48) caused a reduction in IL-6 compared to enrollment. SED homocysteine did not change throughout (P>0.57; d<0.26), while the decrease in hsCRP after preconditioning (P=0.486, d=0.25) and after HIIT (P=0.781, d=0.23) compared to enrollment was small. HIIT did not influence IL-6 or hsCRP in LEX (all P>0.42; d<0.3). Homocysteine increased from enrollment to post-HIIT in LEX (P=0.144, d=0.83), but all other perturbations were trivial. IL-6 and hsCRP were greater in SED than LEX throughout the investigation (all P<0.029; d>0.72), but homocysteine was not different (all P >0.131; d<0.41). Results of this study suggest moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and HIIT lowers IL-6 (and possible hsCRP) in previously sedentary older men. Moreover, lifelong exercise is associated with reduced concentrations of some inflammatory biomarkers in older males, and therefore, physical activity, rather than age per se, is implicated in chronic low-grade inflammation. Moreover, physical inactivity-induced inflammation may be partly salvaged by short-term exercise training. © Copyright © 2021 Hayes, Herbert, Sculthorpe and Grace.
- Authors: Hayes, Lawrence , Herbert, Peter , Sculthorpe, Nicholas , Grace, Fergal
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 12, no. (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Increased basal low-grade inflammation is observed with advancing age, which is augmented by physical inactivity. However, data regarding the influence of lifelong exercise training and particularly high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory mediators in older men are scarce. Therefore, we examined effects of 6weeks of aerobic preconditioning followed by 6weeks of HIIT on inflammatory mediators [interleukin (IL)-6, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] in previously sedentary older men (SED) and masters athletes (LEX). Further, we investigated whether SED exhibited greater basal inflammatory biomarkers compared to LEX. Twenty-two men (aged 62±2years) participated in the SED group, while 17 age-matched LEX men (aged 60±5years) also participated as a positive comparison group. In SED, preconditioning (P=0.030, d=0.34) and HIIT (P=0.030, d=0.48) caused a reduction in IL-6 compared to enrollment. SED homocysteine did not change throughout (P>0.57; d<0.26), while the decrease in hsCRP after preconditioning (P=0.486, d=0.25) and after HIIT (P=0.781, d=0.23) compared to enrollment was small. HIIT did not influence IL-6 or hsCRP in LEX (all P>0.42; d<0.3). Homocysteine increased from enrollment to post-HIIT in LEX (P=0.144, d=0.83), but all other perturbations were trivial. IL-6 and hsCRP were greater in SED than LEX throughout the investigation (all P<0.029; d>0.72), but homocysteine was not different (all P >0.131; d<0.41). Results of this study suggest moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and HIIT lowers IL-6 (and possible hsCRP) in previously sedentary older men. Moreover, lifelong exercise is associated with reduced concentrations of some inflammatory biomarkers in older males, and therefore, physical activity, rather than age per se, is implicated in chronic low-grade inflammation. Moreover, physical inactivity-induced inflammation may be partly salvaged by short-term exercise training. © Copyright © 2021 Hayes, Herbert, Sculthorpe and Grace.
The effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis
- Authors: Nguyen, Dinh Tam
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: Background: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease with hypertension as a risk factor. Moxonidine decreases blood pressure and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Aim: To investigate the effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis: Key methods and results: For the in vivo experiment, twenty male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were randomized into two groups: the control and moxonidine treatment groups. The mice from the moxonidine treatment group were treated with moxonidine via drinking water (69 mg/L) which equated to a dose of 18 mg/kg body weight per day, whereas the mice from the control group received normal drinking water without moxonidine. All the mice received angiotensin II (1
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
- Authors: Nguyen, Dinh Tam
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: Background: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease with hypertension as a risk factor. Moxonidine decreases blood pressure and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Aim: To investigate the effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis: Key methods and results: For the in vivo experiment, twenty male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were randomized into two groups: the control and moxonidine treatment groups. The mice from the moxonidine treatment group were treated with moxonidine via drinking water (69 mg/L) which equated to a dose of 18 mg/kg body weight per day, whereas the mice from the control group received normal drinking water without moxonidine. All the mice received angiotensin II (1
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
The effect of human amnion epithelial cells on lung development and inflammation in preterm lambs exposed to antenatal inflammation
- Papagianis, Paris, Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Siavash, Lim, Rebecca, Wallace, Euan, Polglase, Graeme, Pillow, J. Jane, Moss, Timothy
- Authors: Papagianis, Paris , Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Siavash , Lim, Rebecca , Wallace, Euan , Polglase, Graeme , Pillow, J. Jane , Moss, Timothy
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: PloS one Vol. 16, no. 6 (2021), p. e0253456-e0253456
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Lung inflammation and impaired alveolarization are hallmarks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We hypothesize that human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are anti-inflammatory and reduce lung injury in preterm lambs born after antenatal exposure to inflammation. Pregnant ewes received either intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from E.coli 055:B5 4mg) or saline (Sal) on day 126 of gestation. Lambs were delivered by cesarean section at 128 d gestation (term ~150 d). Lambs received intravenous hAECs (LPS/hAECs: n = 7 30x10.sup.6 cells) or equivalent volumes of saline (LPS/Sal, n = 10 or Sal/Sal, n = 9) immediately after birth. Respiratory support was gradually de-escalated, aimed at early weaning from mechanical ventilation towards unassisted respiration. Lung tissue was collected 1 week after birth. Lung morphology was assessed and mRNA levels for inflammatory mediators were measured. Respiratory support required by LPS/hAEC lambs was not different to Sal/Sal or LPS/Sal lambs. Lung tissue:airspace ratio was lower in the LPS/Sal compared to Sal/Sal lambs (P<0.05), but not LPS/hAEC lambs. LPS/hAEC lambs tended to have increased septation in their lungs versus LPS/Sal (P = 0.08). Expression of inflammatory cytokines was highest in LPS/hAECs lambs. Postnatal administration of a single dose of hAECs stimulates a pulmonary immune response without changing ventilator requirements in preterm lambs born after intrauterine inflammation.
- Authors: Papagianis, Paris , Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Siavash , Lim, Rebecca , Wallace, Euan , Polglase, Graeme , Pillow, J. Jane , Moss, Timothy
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: PloS one Vol. 16, no. 6 (2021), p. e0253456-e0253456
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Lung inflammation and impaired alveolarization are hallmarks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We hypothesize that human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are anti-inflammatory and reduce lung injury in preterm lambs born after antenatal exposure to inflammation. Pregnant ewes received either intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from E.coli 055:B5 4mg) or saline (Sal) on day 126 of gestation. Lambs were delivered by cesarean section at 128 d gestation (term ~150 d). Lambs received intravenous hAECs (LPS/hAECs: n = 7 30x10.sup.6 cells) or equivalent volumes of saline (LPS/Sal, n = 10 or Sal/Sal, n = 9) immediately after birth. Respiratory support was gradually de-escalated, aimed at early weaning from mechanical ventilation towards unassisted respiration. Lung tissue was collected 1 week after birth. Lung morphology was assessed and mRNA levels for inflammatory mediators were measured. Respiratory support required by LPS/hAEC lambs was not different to Sal/Sal or LPS/Sal lambs. Lung tissue:airspace ratio was lower in the LPS/Sal compared to Sal/Sal lambs (P<0.05), but not LPS/hAEC lambs. LPS/hAEC lambs tended to have increased septation in their lungs versus LPS/Sal (P = 0.08). Expression of inflammatory cytokines was highest in LPS/hAECs lambs. Postnatal administration of a single dose of hAECs stimulates a pulmonary immune response without changing ventilator requirements in preterm lambs born after intrauterine inflammation.
- Haque, Shadabul, Feeney, Orlagh, Meeusen, Els, Boyd, Ben, McIntosh, Michelle, Pouton, Colin, Whittaker, Michael, Kaminskas, Lisa
- Authors: Haque, Shadabul , Feeney, Orlagh , Meeusen, Els , Boyd, Ben , McIntosh, Michelle , Pouton, Colin , Whittaker, Michael , Kaminskas, Lisa
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Controlled Release Vol. 307, no. (2019), p. 32-43
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The development of inhalable ‘nanomedicines’ based on biocompatible lipids and polymers is attracting increasing interest worldwide. Our understanding of how pulmonary inflammation impacts on lung distribution and clearance kinetics however, is limited. Similarly, there is limited information on how the inhaled delivery of biocompatible nanomaterials affects existing respiratory disease. We have addressed these knowledge gaps by describing and comparing the pulmonary pharmacokinetic behaviour of a 3H-labelled PEGylated liposome loaded with a model drug (ciprofloxacin) after intratracheal administration to healthy rats and rats with bleomycin-induced lung inflammation by following both 3H label and drug. Cell- and cytokine-based markers of lung inflammation were used to evaluate the response of healthy and inflamed lungs to the liposome. Liposomes were initially cleared more rapidly from inflamed lungs than from healthy lungs, but exhibited similar rates of lung clearance after 3 days. This was interesting given that mucociliary clearance was more efficient from healthy lungs, despite evidence of higher mucus retention in inflamed lungs and reduced association of the liposome with lung tissue. Although the plasma pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin did not differ between rats with healthy or inflamed lungs after pulmonary administration, the plasma pharmacokinetics of 3H-phosphatidylcholine suggested higher liposome bioavailability and more prolonged absorption from inflamed lungs. Concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after a single pulmonary dose of liposomes to rats with inflamed lungs, but no other significant changes in lung inflammatory markers were identified in healthy or bleomycin-challenged rats. Pulmonary inflammation has a significant impact on the short term disposition, and longer term clearance kinetics and response of the lungs to inhaled drug-loaded PEGylated liposomes after a single pulmonary dose. [Display omitted] •Pulmonary inflammation had a significant impact on the lung disposition of liposome.•Systemic absorption of lipids, but not of drug, was increased in the inflamed lungs.•Lung inflammation reduced the mucociliary clearance of the liposome dose.•A single liposome dose was not found to exacerbate pre-existing lung inflammation.
Mouse models of intracranial aneurysm
- Wang, Yutang, Emeto, Theophilus, Lee, James, Marshman, Laurence, Moran, Corey, Seto, Sai-wang, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Emeto, Theophilus , Lee, James , Marshman, Laurence , Moran, Corey , Seto, Sai-wang , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Brain Pathology Vol. 25, no. (2014), p. 237-247
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a highly lethal medical condition. Current management strategies for unruptured intracranial aneurysms involve radiological surveillance and neurosurgical or endovascular interventions. There is no pharmacological treatment available to decrease the risk of aneurysm rupture and subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage. There is growing interest in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm focused on the development of drug therapies to decrease the incidence of aneurysm rupture. The study of rodent models of intracranial aneurysms has the potential to improve our understanding of intracranial aneurysm development and progression. This review summarizes current mouse models of intact and ruptured intracranial aneurysms and discusses the relevance of these models to human intracranial aneurysms. The article also reviews the importance of these models in investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease. Finally, potential pharmaceutical targets for intracranial aneurysm suggested by previous studies are discussed. Examples of potential drug targets include matrix metalloproteinases, stromal cell-derived factor-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, the renin-angiotensin system and the β-estrogen receptor. An agreed clear, precise and reproducible definition of what constitutes an aneurysm in the models would assist in their use to better understand the pathology of intracranial aneurysm and applying findings to patients
- Description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a highly lethal medical condition. Current management strategies for unruptured intracranial aneurysms involve radiological surveillance and neurosurgical or endovascular interventions. There is no pharmacological treatment available to decrease the risk of aneurysm rupture and subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage. There is growing interest in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm focused on the development of drug therapies to decrease the incidence of aneurysm rupture. The study of rodent models of intracranial aneurysms has the potential to improve our understanding of intracranial aneurysm development and progression. This review summarizes current mouse models of intact and ruptured intracranial aneurysms and discusses the relevance of these models to human intracranial aneurysms. The article also reviews the importance of these models in investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease. Finally, potential pharmaceutical targets for intracranial aneurysm suggested by previous studies are discussed. Examples of potential drug targets include matrix metalloproteinases, stromal cell-derived factor-1, tumor necrosis factor-
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Emeto, Theophilus , Lee, James , Marshman, Laurence , Moran, Corey , Seto, Sai-wang , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Brain Pathology Vol. 25, no. (2014), p. 237-247
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a highly lethal medical condition. Current management strategies for unruptured intracranial aneurysms involve radiological surveillance and neurosurgical or endovascular interventions. There is no pharmacological treatment available to decrease the risk of aneurysm rupture and subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage. There is growing interest in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm focused on the development of drug therapies to decrease the incidence of aneurysm rupture. The study of rodent models of intracranial aneurysms has the potential to improve our understanding of intracranial aneurysm development and progression. This review summarizes current mouse models of intact and ruptured intracranial aneurysms and discusses the relevance of these models to human intracranial aneurysms. The article also reviews the importance of these models in investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease. Finally, potential pharmaceutical targets for intracranial aneurysm suggested by previous studies are discussed. Examples of potential drug targets include matrix metalloproteinases, stromal cell-derived factor-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, the renin-angiotensin system and the β-estrogen receptor. An agreed clear, precise and reproducible definition of what constitutes an aneurysm in the models would assist in their use to better understand the pathology of intracranial aneurysm and applying findings to patients
- Description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a highly lethal medical condition. Current management strategies for unruptured intracranial aneurysms involve radiological surveillance and neurosurgical or endovascular interventions. There is no pharmacological treatment available to decrease the risk of aneurysm rupture and subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage. There is growing interest in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm focused on the development of drug therapies to decrease the incidence of aneurysm rupture. The study of rodent models of intracranial aneurysms has the potential to improve our understanding of intracranial aneurysm development and progression. This review summarizes current mouse models of intact and ruptured intracranial aneurysms and discusses the relevance of these models to human intracranial aneurysms. The article also reviews the importance of these models in investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease. Finally, potential pharmaceutical targets for intracranial aneurysm suggested by previous studies are discussed. Examples of potential drug targets include matrix metalloproteinases, stromal cell-derived factor-1, tumor necrosis factor-
Effect of hydralazine on angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice
- Wang, Yutang, Sargisson, Owen, Nguyen, Dinh, Parker, Ketura, Pyke, Stephan, Alramahi, Ahmed, Thihlum, Liam, Fang, Yan, Wallace, Morgan, Berzins, Stuart, Oqueli, Ernesto, Magliano, Dianna, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Sargisson, Owen , Nguyen, Dinh , Parker, Ketura , Pyke, Stephan , Alramahi, Ahmed , Thihlum, Liam , Fang, Yan , Wallace, Morgan , Berzins, Stuart , Oqueli, Ernesto , Magliano, Dianna , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 21 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) causes about 200,000 deaths worldwide each year. However, there are currently no effective drug therapies to prevent AAA formation or, when present, to decrease progression and rupture, highlighting an urgent need for more research in this field. Increased vascular inflammation and enhanced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are implicated in AAA formation. Here, we investigated whether hydralazine, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, inhibited AAA formation and pathological hallmarks. In cultured VSMCs, hydralazine (100
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Sargisson, Owen , Nguyen, Dinh , Parker, Ketura , Pyke, Stephan , Alramahi, Ahmed , Thihlum, Liam , Fang, Yan , Wallace, Morgan , Berzins, Stuart , Oqueli, Ernesto , Magliano, Dianna , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 21 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) causes about 200,000 deaths worldwide each year. However, there are currently no effective drug therapies to prevent AAA formation or, when present, to decrease progression and rupture, highlighting an urgent need for more research in this field. Increased vascular inflammation and enhanced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are implicated in AAA formation. Here, we investigated whether hydralazine, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, inhibited AAA formation and pathological hallmarks. In cultured VSMCs, hydralazine (100
Influenza A virus causes maternal and fetal pathology via innate and adaptive vascular inflammation in mice
- Liong, Stella, Oseghale, Osezua, To, Eunice, Brassington, Kurt, Erlich, Jonathan, Luong, Raymond, Liong, Felicia, Brooks, Robert, Martin, Cara, O'Toole, Sharon, Vinh, Antony, O'Neill, Luke, Bozinovski, Steven, Vlahos, Ross, Papagianis, Paris, O'Leary, John, Brooks, Doug, Selemidis, Stavros
- Authors: Liong, Stella , Oseghale, Osezua , To, Eunice , Brassington, Kurt , Erlich, Jonathan , Luong, Raymond , Liong, Felicia , Brooks, Robert , Martin, Cara , O'Toole, Sharon , Vinh, Antony , O'Neill, Luke , Bozinovski, Steven , Vlahos, Ross , Papagianis, Paris , O'Leary, John , Brooks, Doug , Selemidis, Stavros
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Vol. 117, no. 40 (2020), p. 24964-24973
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy causes severe maternal and perinatal complications, despite a lack of vertical transmission of IAV across the placenta. Here, we demonstrate a significant alteration in the maternal vascular landscape that underpins the maternal and downstream fetal pathology to IAV infection in mice. In IAV infection of nonpregnant mice, the local lung inflammatory response was contained to the lungs and was self-resolving, whereas in pregnant mice, virus dissemination to major maternal blood vessels, including the aorta, resulted in a peripheral "vascular storm," with elevated proinflammatory and antiviral mediators and the influx of Ly6Clow and Ly6Chigh monocytes, plus neutrophils and T cells. This vascular storm was associated with elevated levels of the adhesion molecules ICAM and VCAM and the pattern-recognition receptors TLR7 and TLR9 in the vascular wall, resulting in profound vascular dysfunction. The sequalae of this IAV-driven vascular storm included placental growth retardation and intrauterine growth restriction, evidence of placental and fetal brain hypoxia, and increased circulating cell free fetal DNA and soluble Flt1. In contrast, IAV infection in nonpregnant mice caused no obvious alterations in endothelial function or vascular inflammation. Therefore, IAV infection during pregnancy drives a significant systemic vascular alteration in pregnant dams, which likely suppresses critical blood flow to the placenta and fetus. This study in mice provides a fundamental mechanistic insight and a paradigm into how an immune response to a respiratory virus, such as IAV, is likely to specifically drive maternal and fetal pathologies during pregnancy. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Liong, Stella , Oseghale, Osezua , To, Eunice , Brassington, Kurt , Erlich, Jonathan , Luong, Raymond , Liong, Felicia , Brooks, Robert , Martin, Cara , O'Toole, Sharon , Vinh, Antony , O'Neill, Luke , Bozinovski, Steven , Vlahos, Ross , Papagianis, Paris , O'Leary, John , Brooks, Doug , Selemidis, Stavros
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Vol. 117, no. 40 (2020), p. 24964-24973
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy causes severe maternal and perinatal complications, despite a lack of vertical transmission of IAV across the placenta. Here, we demonstrate a significant alteration in the maternal vascular landscape that underpins the maternal and downstream fetal pathology to IAV infection in mice. In IAV infection of nonpregnant mice, the local lung inflammatory response was contained to the lungs and was self-resolving, whereas in pregnant mice, virus dissemination to major maternal blood vessels, including the aorta, resulted in a peripheral "vascular storm," with elevated proinflammatory and antiviral mediators and the influx of Ly6Clow and Ly6Chigh monocytes, plus neutrophils and T cells. This vascular storm was associated with elevated levels of the adhesion molecules ICAM and VCAM and the pattern-recognition receptors TLR7 and TLR9 in the vascular wall, resulting in profound vascular dysfunction. The sequalae of this IAV-driven vascular storm included placental growth retardation and intrauterine growth restriction, evidence of placental and fetal brain hypoxia, and increased circulating cell free fetal DNA and soluble Flt1. In contrast, IAV infection in nonpregnant mice caused no obvious alterations in endothelial function or vascular inflammation. Therefore, IAV infection during pregnancy drives a significant systemic vascular alteration in pregnant dams, which likely suppresses critical blood flow to the placenta and fetus. This study in mice provides a fundamental mechanistic insight and a paradigm into how an immune response to a respiratory virus, such as IAV, is likely to specifically drive maternal and fetal pathologies during pregnancy. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Moxonidine increases uptake of oxidised low-density lipoprotein in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
- Wang, Yutang, Nguyen, Dinh, Anesi, Jack, Alramahi, Ahmed, Witting, Paul, Chai, Zhonglin, Khan, Abdul, Kelly, Jason, Denton, Kate, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Anesi, Jack , Alramahi, Ahmed , Witting, Paul , Chai, Zhonglin , Khan, Abdul , Kelly, Jason , Denton, Kate , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 4 (2023), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sympatholytic drug moxonidine on atherosclerosis. The effects of moxonidine on oxidised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, inflammatory gene expression and cellular migration were investigated in vitro in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis was measured by examining aortic arch Sudan IV staining and quantifying the intima-to-media ratio of the left common carotid artery in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Anesi, Jack , Alramahi, Ahmed , Witting, Paul , Chai, Zhonglin , Khan, Abdul , Kelly, Jason , Denton, Kate , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 4 (2023), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sympatholytic drug moxonidine on atherosclerosis. The effects of moxonidine on oxidised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, inflammatory gene expression and cellular migration were investigated in vitro in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis was measured by examining aortic arch Sudan IV staining and quantifying the intima-to-media ratio of the left common carotid artery in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE
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