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Influence of molecular shape on the retention of small molecules by solvent resistant nanofiltration (SRNF) membranes : A suitable molecular size parameter

- Zheng, Fengchun, Li, Chunxi, Yuan, Qipeng, Vriesekoop, Frank

  • Authors: Zheng, Fengchun , Li, Chunxi , Yuan, Qipeng , Vriesekoop, Frank
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 318, no. 1-2 (2008), p. 114-122
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  • Description: Retention data for a series of small, neutral solutes in methanol are measured through three different solvent resistant membranes. The neutral solutes include linear alkyl acetates, branched alkyl acetates, and cyclohexyl acetates with molecular weight ranging from 116 to 228 g mol-1. For those solutes with approximately the same MW but different molecular size, all three membranes show preferential transport of straight-chained solutes over cyclic solutes, while the branched solutes revealed the lowest permeability. In order to correlate the retention with the molecule size or shape of the solutes, six traditional molecular size descriptors (MW, the Stokes diameter, the equivalent molar diameter, the empirical effective diameter, molecular length and radius of gyration) were compared to a new molecular shape descriptor, the "calculated mean size". A strong correlation between molecular shape and solute retention across a range of membranes was only found with the calculated mean size of the various solutes, which was calculated on the basis of three-dimensional molecular projection. In addition, one-parameter and two-parameter regression analyses were performed, which justified the calculated mean size as a suitable model parameter for the modeling of solute retention. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Description: C1

A prospective study of coping and adjustment in adolescents with craniofacial conditions

- Roberts, Rachel, Shute, Rosalyn

  • Authors: Roberts, Rachel , Shute, Rosalyn
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Children's Health Care Vol. 41, no. 2 (2012), p. 111-128
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  • Description: This study aimed to examine the role of coping strategy use in concurrent and later adjustment in adolescents with craniofacial anomalies (CFAs). It was expected that better adjustment at both baseline and 12 months would be related to greater baseline perceived coping efficacy, greater use of active coping and social support seeking, and less use of avoidance strategies. Eighty adolescents with CFAs and their parents completed measures of adjustment, coping strategy use, and efficacy in response to CFA-related stressful situations. Fifty-five families completed these measures again 12 months later. Overall, the predicted pattern of correlations between coping and adjustment was found. However, coping and efficacy at baseline did not explain a significant proportion of the variance in adjustment measures 1 year later, after controlling for baseline adjustment. Such prospective findings are beginning to bring into question the assumed importance of coping in pediatric adjustment. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Effect of physicochemical properties on freezing suitability of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root

- Tu, Jing, Zhang, Min, Xu, Baoguo, Liu, Amy

  • Authors: Tu, Jing , Zhang, Min , Xu, Baoguo , Liu, Amy
  • Date: 2015
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 50, no. (2015), p. 1-9
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  • Description: The initial physicochemical properties of different lotus roots were studied with the aim to evaluate their influence on freezing suitability. Six physicochemical properties indicators (starch content, whiteness index, maximum diameter, protein amount, titratable acidity and vitamin C) of lotus root were determined by principal component analysis. It was observed from the experimental results that the initial physicochemical properties of lotus root can directly affect the freezing suitability in terms of initial freezing temperature, transition phase time, total freezing time, relative firmness and drip loss. Correlation analysis suggested that relative firmness increases in proportion to starch content, and initial freezing temperature and drip loss are inversely proportional to the starch content. Compared to immersion freezing, power ultrasound can significantly improve the freezing rate and relative firmness but decrease drip loss. These results suggested that high quality frozen lotus root can be achieved via appropriately selecting high starch content lotus root and using ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing.

On the correlation between research complexity and academic competitiveness

- Ren, Jing, Lee, Ivan, Wang, Lei, Chen, Xiangtai, Xia, Feng

  • Authors: Ren, Jing , Lee, Ivan , Wang, Lei , Chen, Xiangtai , Xia, Feng
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: 22nd International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2020, Kyoto, Japan, 30 November to 1 December 2020, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) Vol. 12504 LNCS, p. 416-422
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  • Description: Academic capacity is a common way to reflect the educational level of a country or district. The aim of this study is to explore the difference between the scientific research level of institutions and countries. By proposing an indicator named Citation-weighted Research Complexity Index (CRCI), we profile the academic capacity of universities and countries with respect to research complexity. The relationships between CRCI of universities and other relevant academic evaluation indicators are examined. To explore the correlation between academic capacity and economic level, the relationship between research complexity and GDP per capita is analysed. With experiments on the Microsoft Academic Graph data set, we investigate publications across 183 countries and universities from the Academic Ranking of World Universities in 19 research fields. Experimental results reveal that universities with higher research complexity have higher fitness. In addition, for developed countries, the development of economics has a positive correlation with scientific research. Furthermore, we visualize the current level of scientific research across all disciplines from a global perspective. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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