Detection and compensation of covert service-degrading intrusions in cyber physical systems through intelligent adaptive control
- Farivar, Faezeh, Haghighi, Mohammad, Barchinezhad, Soheila, Jolfaei, Alireza
- Authors: Farivar, Faezeh , Haghighi, Mohammad , Barchinezhad, Soheila , Jolfaei, Alireza
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2019; Melbourne, Australia; 13th-15th February 2019 Vol. 2019-February, p. 1143-1148
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are playing important roles in the critical infrastructure now. A prominent family of CPSs are networked control systems in which the control and feedback signals are carried over computer networks like the Internet. Communication over insecure networks make system vulnerable to cyber attacks. In this article, we design an intrusion detection and compensation framework based on system/plant identification to fight covert attacks. We collect error statistics of the output estimation during the learning phase of system operation and after that, monitor the system behavior to see if it significantly deviates from the expected outputs. A compensating controller is further designed to intervene and replace the classic controller once the attack is detected. The proposed model is tested on a DC motor as the plant and is put against a deception signal amplification attack over the forward link. Simulation results show that the detection algorithm well detects the intrusion and the compensator is also successful in alleviating the attack effects.
- Authors: Farivar, Faezeh , Haghighi, Mohammad , Barchinezhad, Soheila , Jolfaei, Alireza
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2019; Melbourne, Australia; 13th-15th February 2019 Vol. 2019-February, p. 1143-1148
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are playing important roles in the critical infrastructure now. A prominent family of CPSs are networked control systems in which the control and feedback signals are carried over computer networks like the Internet. Communication over insecure networks make system vulnerable to cyber attacks. In this article, we design an intrusion detection and compensation framework based on system/plant identification to fight covert attacks. We collect error statistics of the output estimation during the learning phase of system operation and after that, monitor the system behavior to see if it significantly deviates from the expected outputs. A compensating controller is further designed to intervene and replace the classic controller once the attack is detected. The proposed model is tested on a DC motor as the plant and is put against a deception signal amplification attack over the forward link. Simulation results show that the detection algorithm well detects the intrusion and the compensator is also successful in alleviating the attack effects.
An un-natural history : paradox, wonder and The Glass Flowers
- Authors: Kahan, Dena
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Thesis
- Full Text:
- Description: This research project concerns itself with the human desire for control, order and perfection through an investigation of our attempts to control nature. The museum case acts as a metaphor for this attempt to organise the natural world in a logical and systematised fashion. In my artwork I aim both to present and to challenge this imposition of order and control through my interpretation of the Glass Flower display at the Harvard Natural History Museum, formally known as the Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants. This examination of the Glass Flowers and their visual representation has been informed and challenged by an understanding of their paradoxical and enigmatic position between science and art, nature and culture. In my artwork this ambivalence about the Flowers as objects of scientific certainty, and about the museum as a site of control, is expressed as an increasing tension between representation and abstraction, the precise rendition of form and the visibility of the medium of oil paint. Together with the exegesis this project explores issues of museology and the nature of collected and displayed objects, particularly these Glass Flowers which were purpose-made for the museum. My visual work responds to the museum environment in ways which both embrace its aesthetic and question its attitudes to nature. In doing so, it reflects the paradoxical nature of the Flowers and the nature of seeing itself, creating a visual world in which ambiguities of scale, location and even subject undermine our certainty of what we see, creating a magical space out of the ordered world of the museum.
- Description: Master of Arts
- Authors: Kahan, Dena
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Thesis
- Full Text:
- Description: This research project concerns itself with the human desire for control, order and perfection through an investigation of our attempts to control nature. The museum case acts as a metaphor for this attempt to organise the natural world in a logical and systematised fashion. In my artwork I aim both to present and to challenge this imposition of order and control through my interpretation of the Glass Flower display at the Harvard Natural History Museum, formally known as the Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants. This examination of the Glass Flowers and their visual representation has been informed and challenged by an understanding of their paradoxical and enigmatic position between science and art, nature and culture. In my artwork this ambivalence about the Flowers as objects of scientific certainty, and about the museum as a site of control, is expressed as an increasing tension between representation and abstraction, the precise rendition of form and the visibility of the medium of oil paint. Together with the exegesis this project explores issues of museology and the nature of collected and displayed objects, particularly these Glass Flowers which were purpose-made for the museum. My visual work responds to the museum environment in ways which both embrace its aesthetic and question its attitudes to nature. In doing so, it reflects the paradoxical nature of the Flowers and the nature of seeing itself, creating a visual world in which ambiguities of scale, location and even subject undermine our certainty of what we see, creating a magical space out of the ordered world of the museum.
- Description: Master of Arts
May measurement month 2018 : A pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the international society of hypertension
- Beaney, Thomas, Burrell, Louise, Castillo, Rafael, Charchar, Fadi, Cro, Suzie, Damasceno, Albertino, Kruger, Ruan, Nilsson, Peter, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin, Schlaich, Markus, Schutte, Aletta, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Touyz, Rhian, Wang, Ji-Guang, Weber, Michael, Poulter, Neil
- Authors: Beaney, Thomas , Burrell, Louise , Castillo, Rafael , Charchar, Fadi , Cro, Suzie , Damasceno, Albertino , Kruger, Ruan , Nilsson, Peter , Prabhakaran, Dorairaj , Ramirez, Agustin , Schlaich, Markus , Schutte, Aletta , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Touyz, Rhian , Wang, Ji-Guang , Weber, Michael , Poulter, Neil
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: European Heart Journal Vol. 40, no. 25 (2019), p. 2006-2017
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Aims: Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results: Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion: May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk.
- Authors: Beaney, Thomas , Burrell, Louise , Castillo, Rafael , Charchar, Fadi , Cro, Suzie , Damasceno, Albertino , Kruger, Ruan , Nilsson, Peter , Prabhakaran, Dorairaj , Ramirez, Agustin , Schlaich, Markus , Schutte, Aletta , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Touyz, Rhian , Wang, Ji-Guang , Weber, Michael , Poulter, Neil
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: European Heart Journal Vol. 40, no. 25 (2019), p. 2006-2017
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aims: Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results: Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion: May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk.
Blood pressure response to interrupting workplace sitting time with non-exercise physical activity: Results of a 12-month cohort study
- Mainsbridge, Casey, Ahuja, Kiran, Williams, Andrew, Bird, Marie-Louise, Cooley, Dean, Pedersen, Scott
- Authors: Mainsbridge, Casey , Ahuja, Kiran , Williams, Andrew , Bird, Marie-Louise , Cooley, Dean , Pedersen, Scott
- Date: 2018
- Type: Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Vol. 60, no. 9 (2018), p. 769-774
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- Description: OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) effects of a yearlong e-health solution designed to interrupt prolonged occupational sitting time. METHODS:BP data of 228 desk-based employees (45.1 ± 10.5 years) were analyzed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. RESULTS:Systolic BP significantly reduced from baseline for the first 9 months (1.0 to 3.4 mmHg P < 0.01) while diastolic and mean arterial pressure decreased for the full 12-months (4 to 5 mmHg for diastolic pressure and 3.6 to 4.2 mmHg for MAP all P < 0.01).Participants used the e-health solution 5.5 ± 2.0 times/day in the first 3 months which reduced to 4.2 ± 2.5 times/day by the end of the study (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:An e-health solution designed to increase non-exercise physical activity by interrupting sitting time in the workplace is feasible and produced long-term reductions in blood pressure.
- Authors: Mainsbridge, Casey , Ahuja, Kiran , Williams, Andrew , Bird, Marie-Louise , Cooley, Dean , Pedersen, Scott
- Date: 2018
- Type: Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Vol. 60, no. 9 (2018), p. 769-774
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) effects of a yearlong e-health solution designed to interrupt prolonged occupational sitting time. METHODS:BP data of 228 desk-based employees (45.1 ± 10.5 years) were analyzed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. RESULTS:Systolic BP significantly reduced from baseline for the first 9 months (1.0 to 3.4 mmHg P < 0.01) while diastolic and mean arterial pressure decreased for the full 12-months (4 to 5 mmHg for diastolic pressure and 3.6 to 4.2 mmHg for MAP all P < 0.01).Participants used the e-health solution 5.5 ± 2.0 times/day in the first 3 months which reduced to 4.2 ± 2.5 times/day by the end of the study (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:An e-health solution designed to increase non-exercise physical activity by interrupting sitting time in the workplace is feasible and produced long-term reductions in blood pressure.
Addressing global disparities in blood pressure control : perspectives of the International Society of Hypertension
- Schutte, Aletta, Jafar, Tazeen, Poulter, Neil, Damasceno, Albertino, Khan, Nadia, Nilsson, Peter, Alsaid, Jafar, Neupane, Dinesh, Kario, Kazuomi, Beheiry, Hind, Brouwers, Sofie, Burger, Dylan, Charchar, Fadi, Cho, Myeong-Chan, Guzik, Tomasz, Haji Al-Saedi, Ghazi, Ishaq, Muhammad, Itoh, Hiroshi, Jones, Erika, Khan, Taskeen, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kotruchin, Praew, Muxfeldt, Elizabeth, Odili, Augustine, Patil, Mansi, Ralapanawa, Udaya, Romero, Cesar, Schlaich, Markus, Shehab, Abdulla, Mooi, Ching
- Authors: Schutte, Aletta , Jafar, Tazeen , Poulter, Neil , Damasceno, Albertino , Khan, Nadia , Nilsson, Peter , Alsaid, Jafar , Neupane, Dinesh , Kario, Kazuomi , Beheiry, Hind , Brouwers, Sofie , Burger, Dylan , Charchar, Fadi , Cho, Myeong-Chan , Guzik, Tomasz , Haji Al-Saedi, Ghazi , Ishaq, Muhammad , Itoh, Hiroshi , Jones, Erika , Khan, Taskeen , Kokubo, Yoshihiro , Kotruchin, Praew , Muxfeldt, Elizabeth , Odili, Augustine , Patil, Mansi , Ralapanawa, Udaya , Romero, Cesar , Schlaich, Markus , Shehab, Abdulla , Mooi, Ching
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Cardiovascular Research Vol. 119, no. 2 (2023), p. 381-409
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Raised blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Yet, its global prevalence is increasing, and it remains poorly detected, treated, and controlled in both high- and low-resource settings. From the perspective of members of the International Society of Hypertension based in all regions, we reflect on the past, present, and future of hypertension care, highlighting key challenges and opportunities, which are often region-specific. We report that most countries failed to show sufficient improvements in BP control rates over the past three decades, with greater improvements mainly seen in some high-income countries, also reflected in substantial reductions in the burden of cardiovascular disease and deaths. Globally, there are significant inequities and disparities based on resources, sociodemographic environment, and race with subsequent disproportionate hypertension-related outcomes. Additional unique challenges in specific regions include conflict, wars, migration, unemployment, rapid urbanization, extremely limited funding, pollution, COVID-19-related restrictions and inequalities, obesity, and excessive salt and alcohol intake. Immediate action is needed to address suboptimal hypertension care and related disparities on a global scale. We propose a Global Hypertension Care Taskforce including multiple stakeholders and societies to identify and implement actions in reducing inequities, addressing social, commercial, and environmental determinants, and strengthening health systems implement a well-designed customized quality-of-care improvement framework. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Fadi Charchar” is provided in this record**
- Authors: Schutte, Aletta , Jafar, Tazeen , Poulter, Neil , Damasceno, Albertino , Khan, Nadia , Nilsson, Peter , Alsaid, Jafar , Neupane, Dinesh , Kario, Kazuomi , Beheiry, Hind , Brouwers, Sofie , Burger, Dylan , Charchar, Fadi , Cho, Myeong-Chan , Guzik, Tomasz , Haji Al-Saedi, Ghazi , Ishaq, Muhammad , Itoh, Hiroshi , Jones, Erika , Khan, Taskeen , Kokubo, Yoshihiro , Kotruchin, Praew , Muxfeldt, Elizabeth , Odili, Augustine , Patil, Mansi , Ralapanawa, Udaya , Romero, Cesar , Schlaich, Markus , Shehab, Abdulla , Mooi, Ching
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Cardiovascular Research Vol. 119, no. 2 (2023), p. 381-409
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Raised blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Yet, its global prevalence is increasing, and it remains poorly detected, treated, and controlled in both high- and low-resource settings. From the perspective of members of the International Society of Hypertension based in all regions, we reflect on the past, present, and future of hypertension care, highlighting key challenges and opportunities, which are often region-specific. We report that most countries failed to show sufficient improvements in BP control rates over the past three decades, with greater improvements mainly seen in some high-income countries, also reflected in substantial reductions in the burden of cardiovascular disease and deaths. Globally, there are significant inequities and disparities based on resources, sociodemographic environment, and race with subsequent disproportionate hypertension-related outcomes. Additional unique challenges in specific regions include conflict, wars, migration, unemployment, rapid urbanization, extremely limited funding, pollution, COVID-19-related restrictions and inequalities, obesity, and excessive salt and alcohol intake. Immediate action is needed to address suboptimal hypertension care and related disparities on a global scale. We propose a Global Hypertension Care Taskforce including multiple stakeholders and societies to identify and implement actions in reducing inequities, addressing social, commercial, and environmental determinants, and strengthening health systems implement a well-designed customized quality-of-care improvement framework. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Fadi Charchar” is provided in this record**
Stress and coping in esports and the influence of mental toughness
- Poulus, Dylan, Coulter, Tristan, Trotter, Michael, Polman, Remco
- Authors: Poulus, Dylan , Coulter, Tristan , Trotter, Michael , Polman, Remco
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 11, no. (2020), p.
- Full Text:
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- Description: This study explored stress and coping in electronic sports (esports) athletes and the influence of mental toughness (MT), as defined by two prominent conceptualizations: the 4/6Cs and Mental Toughness Index (MTI) frameworks. Participants were 316 esports athletes, ranked in the top 40% of one of five major esports: Defense of the Ancients 2, League of Legends (LoL), Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch and Rainbow Six: Siege. Participants completed the MTI, Mental Toughness Questionnaire 6 (MTQ6), Stress Appraisal Measure, and Brief COPE inventory. Results showed that MT (via both MT frameworks) was associated with perceived control, and MTQ6 subscales were associated with stress intensity. Mental toughness (both frameworks) was associated with the selection of more problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies and less avoidance coping strategies. The results indicate there is some overlap between the MT and stress-coping process in high-performing traditional sports and competitive esports athletes. These results suggest that esports athletes could benefit from sports psychology interventions designed for traditional sports athletes. Finally, the MTQ6 and MTI had low shared variance (20%), suggesting that the two questionnaires appear to measure different aspects of MT. © Copyright © 2020 Poulus, Coulter, Trotter and Polman.
- Authors: Poulus, Dylan , Coulter, Tristan , Trotter, Michael , Polman, Remco
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 11, no. (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study explored stress and coping in electronic sports (esports) athletes and the influence of mental toughness (MT), as defined by two prominent conceptualizations: the 4/6Cs and Mental Toughness Index (MTI) frameworks. Participants were 316 esports athletes, ranked in the top 40% of one of five major esports: Defense of the Ancients 2, League of Legends (LoL), Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch and Rainbow Six: Siege. Participants completed the MTI, Mental Toughness Questionnaire 6 (MTQ6), Stress Appraisal Measure, and Brief COPE inventory. Results showed that MT (via both MT frameworks) was associated with perceived control, and MTQ6 subscales were associated with stress intensity. Mental toughness (both frameworks) was associated with the selection of more problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies and less avoidance coping strategies. The results indicate there is some overlap between the MT and stress-coping process in high-performing traditional sports and competitive esports athletes. These results suggest that esports athletes could benefit from sports psychology interventions designed for traditional sports athletes. Finally, the MTQ6 and MTI had low shared variance (20%), suggesting that the two questionnaires appear to measure different aspects of MT. © Copyright © 2020 Poulus, Coulter, Trotter and Polman.
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