List of Titles

Strengthening welfare services for young people : The vision and the challenge

- McDonald, John, Hayes, Louise

Authors: McDonald, John , Hayes, Louise
Date: 2001
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Youth Studies Australia Vol. 20, no. 1 (2001), p. 37-42
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Description: A 1997 Victorian government report identified a major decline in many of the indicators of well-being of young people over the past three or four decades. In response to mounting concerns, the Kennett government launched the Framework for Student Support Services in Victorian Government Schools. The authors suggest that a thorough review of this Framework is necessary and should take into account lessons learned from American efforts at school reform.
Description: 2003002819

An exploration of national calls to Lifeline Australia: social support or urgent suicide intervention?

- Watson, Robert, McDonald, John, Pearce, Dora

Authors: Watson, Robert , McDonald, John , Pearce, Dora
Date: 2006
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Guidance & Counselling Vol. 34, no. 4 (Nov 2006), p. 471-482
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Description: Lifeline Australia Inc. provides a free 24-hour telephone counselling and referral service to all Australians. The trained telephone counsellors of the service record information on many of their calls in Lifeline's Client Service Management Information System (CSMIS). This paper presents a descriptive summary of a national CSMIS data set, which was compiled during a 3-month period in 2003. The CSMIS data provided a clear national profile of the callers to the service. The results of this study support the hypothesis that callers are generally seeking social support from the service. The discussion explores the implications of this finding for Lifeline and other generalist counselling and referral services and their capacity to offer suicide intervention to the community.
Description: C1
Description: 2003001998

Parental perceptions of sports injury risk

- Otago, Leonie, Garnham, Jennie, Reynolds, Michael, Spittle, Michael, Payne, Warren, Finch, Caroline, Maher, Shelley

Authors: Otago, Leonie , Garnham, Jennie , Reynolds, Michael , Spittle, Michael , Payne, Warren , Finch, Caroline , Maher, Shelley
Date: 2005
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: Paper presented at 2005 Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Fifth National Physical Activity Conference, Fourth National Sports Injury Prevention Conference : Promoting Innovation, measuring success, Melbourne Convention Centre, Melbourne, Victoria : 13th-16th October 2005
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Description: Health benefits of children’s participation in physical activity such as reduced risk of obesity and diabetes are promoted to parents. However parents’ perceptions of injury risk in sports and how this perception may affect their choice of sport for their child is unknown. The study surveyed 5385 parents of children from 5 – 17 years in 46 sports. A total of 887 surveys were returned. The Health Belief model was the theoretical framework for the study and the sports were divided into four groups – contact, incidental collision, limited contact and non-contact. Mothers completed the forms in 63% of cases and 52.2% of the children were males. The child selected the sport in 51.6% of` cases and generally parents did not believe that their involvement in their child’s sport choice would ensure their child was safer from injury. In the main parents did not believe the sport their child participated in was less likely to cause injury than other sports and this trend increased as the level of contact increased. Trained coaches were seen as very important in reducing injury risk in sport. Generally modified sport was not seen to positively impact on the parent’s choice of sport and parents did not think that cost of protective equipment was a barrier to providing for their child. Parents generally felt that they could assess the risk of injury in a sport but were not influenced by the risk of injury when allowing their child to play a particular sport.
Description: 2003001109

Boys' aggression to girls : The views of year 9 girls, boys and their teachers

- Owens, Larry, Shute, Rosalyn, Slee, Phillip

Authors: Owens, Larry , Shute, Rosalyn , Slee, Phillip
Date: 2006
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: Paper presented at the XVI World Meeting of the International Society for Research on Aggression, Turku, Finland : 1st July, 2004 p. 91-95
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Description: Because children and young teenagers usually associate in same-sex groups, psychological research concerned with adolescent aggression has often concentrated on within-sex interactions. Sociological and feminist research, however, has highlighted boys’ victimization of girls, especially through sexual harassment. This paper reports a study of boy to girl aggression as perceived by boys, girls and their teachers. Focus group discussions were conducted with groups of Year 9 adolescents (aged between 14 and 15 years) across four middle class schools in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. Individual interviews were also conducted with their teachers. Thematic analyses (using NUDIST software) revealed different understandings by boys, girls and teachers of the same behaviour. Girls and teachers reported that boys often use verbally offensive language including sexual harassment toward girls but boys argued that they were often not being malicious but rather just joking and that girls over-react. Boys, girls and teachers agreed that boys often harassed girls in order to impress other boys and for their own entertainment or fun. Teachers also emphasized home and cultural background factors in influencing boys’ behavior toward girls. Girls’ appearance was reported as a major contributing factor associated with boys’ victimization – while physical attractiveness could protect a girl from boys’ meanness, over-weight girls or those seen as being unattractive or “uncool” were vulnerable. However, girls were not seen universally as passive victims. Boys, girls and teachers reported that many girls respond assertively and even match boys’ aggression. Boys and girls agreed that teacher intervention was often not helpful. In contrast, teachers reported the effectiveness of school anti-harassment policies and a range of successful interventions. All three groups agreed that boys’ behavior toward girls could have devastating effects on the girl victims. This study highlights the importance of understanding behaviour from different perspectives and confirms research that emphasizes the crucial role of the peer group in influencing aggressive interactions amongst students in schools.
Description: E1
Description: 2003002162

Differences in injury rates in child motor vehicle passengers in rural and urban areas in New South Wales, July 2000 to June 2004

- Du, Wei, Finch, Caroline, Hayen, Andrew, Hatfield, Julie

Authors: Du, Wei , Finch, Caroline , Hayen, Andrew , Hatfield, Julie
Date: 2007
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health Vol. 31, no. 5 (2007), p. 483-488
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Description: Objectives: To investigate whether the pattern of hospitalised injuries in injured child motor vehicle passengers involved in traffic crashes differs in rural and urban residents of New South Wales (NSW). Methods: This study compared injuries of hospitalised child motor vehicle passengers resident in rural areas with those from urban areas. The NSW Inpatient Statistics Collection (ISC), a population-based dataset, was used to select cases for the period of July 2000 to June 2004. The hospitalised injury rate was calculated according to urban/rural status using Poisson regression, injury rate ratios (IRR) comparing rural and urban children were computed overall and for specific injury types. Results: Overall, 1,286 children (aged 0-15 years) residing in NSW were identified from the NSW ISC internally linked datasets as being separated from hospital for injuries resulting from a motor vehicle crash. The overall hospitalised injury incidence rates for child motor vehicle passengers resident in rural and urban NSW areas were 46.75 (95% CI 36.63-59.66) and 20.13 (95% CI 17.94-22.58) per 100,000 children respectively. The rural/urban IRR for comparing the incidence of hospitalisation was significantly elevated (IRR=2.10, 95% CI 1.78-2.48).The IRR was also significantly elevated across most injury types. The largest risk disparity between rural and urban children was in 9-12 year-olds (IRR=2.33, 95% CI 1.73-3.13). Conclusion and Implications: There is an elevated injury incidence rate in rural resident children, compared with their urban counterparts. This differential should be addressed in future road safety initiatives. © 2007 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2007 Public Health Association of Australia.
Description: C1
Description: 2003005762

Maternal psychosocial predictors of controlling parental feeding styles and practices

- Mitchell, Sarah, Brennan, Leah, Hayes, Louise, Miles, Cara L.

Authors: Mitchell, Sarah , Brennan, Leah , Hayes, Louise , Miles, Cara L.
Date: 2009
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Appetite Vol. 53, no. 3 (2009), p. 384-389
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Description: The aim of the current study was to explore the relative contribution of parental depression, anxiety and stress and parenting satisfaction and efficacy to the explanation of variance in controlling parental feeding styles and practices. The sample comprised 124 mothers (M = 36.80 years, SD = 4.62 years) who reported on both themselves and a selected child (59 male, 65 female; M = 6.46 years, SD = 0.95 years). Mothers completed several questionnaires examining demographic information, parental feeding styles, parental feeding practices, parental depression, anxiety and stress and parenting satisfaction and efficacy. Parenting satisfaction contributed significantly to the prediction of the parental feeding practice pressure to eat. Parenting satisfaction and parental anxiety contributed significantly to the prediction of the parental feeding practice restriction. The results of this study provide important insight into maternal characteristics associated with the use of controlling parental feeding styles and practices. Â© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fielders and batters are injured too : A prospective cohort study of injuries in junior club cricket

- Finch, Caroline, White, Peta, Dennis, Rebecca, Twomey, Dara, Hayen, Andrew

Authors: Finch, Caroline , White, Peta , Dennis, Rebecca , Twomey, Dara , Hayen, Andrew
Date: 2010
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 13, no. 5 (2010), p. 489-495
Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
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Description: Internationally, there is a lack of good quality, prospectively collected injury data reported for junior club cricketers. This study describes injury rates according to age level of play and playing positions in junior community-level club cricketers to identify priorities for prevention. A prospective cohort study was used to monitor injuries in 88 under 12 years (U12), 203 U14 and 120 U16 players from the Ballarat Junior Cricket Association, Australia over the 2007/2008 playing season. Injury rates were calculated per 1000 participations when batting, bowling or fielding in matches and training sessions. Injury rate ratios were used to compare rates across age levels of play and position of play. Overall, 47 injuries were reported. Injury rates increased with age level of play with only one U12 player injured. Match injury rates were 3.57 per 1000 U14 participations versus 4.80 per 1000 U16 participations. Training injury rates were 4.20 per 1000 U14 participations versus 5.11 per 1000 U16 participations. On a proportionate basis, injuries occurred equally to fielders, batters and bowlers. There was a trend towards more injuries occurring while batting and fielding in matches, and more injuries occurring while bowling and batting during training sessions. In conclusion, injury rates in junior cricket players are low, but increase with age level of play. Unlike adult forms of the game, injuries occur to fielders and batters at least as frequently as to bowlers, indicating that preventive strategies need to be developed for all junior players and not just bowlers, as has been the focus previously. Â© 2009 Sports Medicine Australia.
Description: 2003008120

Out of school hours sport as a physical activity intervention : Promoting innovation and measuring impact

- O'Meara, James, Spittle, Michael

Authors: O'Meara, James , Spittle, Michael
Date: 2005
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: Paper presented at 2005 Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Fifth National Physical Activity Conference, Fourth National Sports Injury Prevention Conference : Promoting Innovation, measuring success, Melbourne Convention Centre, Melbourne, Victoria : 13th-16th October 2005
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Description: Children’s activity choices and patterns of activity in the after-school-hours period (between the end of school and dinner) can be important predictors of daily activity levels The Out of School Hours Sports Program (OSHSP) is a state-wide physical activity initiative that provides structured sporting experiences for children in formal out-of-school-hours care (OSHC) involving 17 State Sporting Associations (SSAs) and 70 OSHC services. Participants in the evaluation were 86 children (27 girls and 59 boys) and 86 parents, and 20 deliverers of the OSHSP at various OSHC services. The average age of the children was 7.7 years (SD = 1.6). Measures included surveys, focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The OSHSP initiative was evaluated over three years on four levels: reactions of the deliverers, advances in skills and knowledge, attitudes of the deliverers, and success of the initiatives against program objectives. The evaluation suggested that deliverers remained concerned about the requirements of delivering the initiative. Often deliverers did not modify their current practices to match the objectives of the OSHSP, possibly due to a clash between deliverer beliefs and program objectives. The children were having fun (97.5%) and learning new skills (89%). Most participants (76.7%) indicated an intention to continue their participation in the sport being delivered at the OSHSP into club sport participation. Children in the OSHSP were generally very active, with most (88%) already participating in sport outside the OSHSP suggesting that the target population may be difficult to access.
Description: 2003003800

A Longitudinal study of the family physical activity environment and physical activity among youth

- Cleland, Verity, Timperio, Anna, Salmon, Jo, Hume, Clare, Telford, Amanda, Crawford, David

Authors: Cleland, Verity , Timperio, Anna , Salmon, Jo , Hume, Clare , Telford, Amanda , Crawford, David
Date: 2011
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: American Journal of Health Promotion Vol. 25, no. 3 (2011), p. 159-167
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Description: Purpose. Although the family environment is a potentially important influence on children's physical activity (PA), prospective data investigating these associations are lacking. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between the family environment and PA among youth. Design. A 5-year prospective cohort study. Setting. Nineteen randomly selected public schools in Melbourne, Australia. Subjects. Families of 5- to 6-year-old (n = 190) and 10- to 12-year-old (n = 350) children. Measures. In 2001, parents reported their participation in PA, family-based PA, and support and reinforcement for their child's PA. In 2001, 2004, and 2006, moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was assessed among youth using accelerometers. Weekend and "critical window" (after school until 6:00 P.M.) MVPA were examined because we hypothesized that the family environment would most likely influence these behaviors. Analysis. Generalized estimating equations predicted average change in MVPA over 5 years from baseline family environment factors. Results. Maternal role modeling was positively associated with boys' critical window and weekend (younger boys) MVPA. Paternal reinforcement of PA was positively associated with critical window and weekend MVPA among all boys, and paternal direct support was positively associated with weekend MVPA (older boys). Among girls, maternal coparticipation in PA predicted critical window MVPA, and sibling coparticipation in PA was directly associated with weekend MVPA (younger girls). Conclusions. Longitudinal relationships, although weak in magnitude, were observed between the family environment and MVPA among youth. Interventions promoting maternal role modeling, paternal reinforcement of and support for PA, and Maternal and sibling coparticipation in PA with youth are warranted

Area socioeconomic status and childhood injury morbidity in New South Wales, Australia

- Poulos, Roslyn, Hayen, Andrew, Finch, Caroline, Zwi, Anthony

Authors: Poulos, Roslyn , Hayen, Andrew , Finch, Caroline , Zwi, Anthony
Date: 2007
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 13, no. 5 (Oct 2007), p. 322-327
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Description: Objective: To explore the relationship between child injury morbidity and socioeconomic status. Design: A cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected hospital separation data for unintentional injury for the period 1999/2000-2004/2005. Setting: All statistical local areas of New South Wales (NSW), Australia Subjects: 110 549 unintentional injury-related hospital separations for NSW children aged 0-14 years. Main outcome measure: Adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for hospital separations for unintentional injury (for all injury and by individual injury mechanisms) by quintile of socioeconomic disadvantage for children aged 0-14 years. Results: There was no clear relationship between socioeconomic status and injury when all injury mechanisms were combined. However, children in the more disadvantaged quintiles were more likely to be hospitalized than children in the least disadvantaged quintile for the following injury mechanisms: motor cycle ( point estimates for IRRs across the socioeconomic status quintiles ranged from 2.95 to 4.02 relative to the least disadvantaged quintile), motor-vehicle occupant (IRR range 1.33-2.27), pedestrian (IRR range 1.43-2.54 for ages 0-4 years), pedal cyclist ( IRR range 1.30-1.50), fire and burns ( IRR range 1.37-2.00), and poisoning (IRR range 1.32-1.91). Similarly, hospital separation rates for foreign body, other transport, and pedestrian (aged 5-9 years) injuries were also greater, but the differences were not statistically significant across all quintiles. These injury mechanisms accounted for about 25% of the hospital separations. Conclusions: The relationship between relative socioeconomic disadvantage and injury risk in NSW children is strongest for transport-related injuries, fires and burns, and poisoning. Interventions that address these specific injury mechanisms may help to reduce the disparity between high and lower socioeconomic groups.
Description: C1
Description: 2003005883

Policies, practices and professional development : A study of curriculum implementation within an Australian high school

- O'Meara, James

Authors: O'Meara, James
Date: 2005
Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
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Description: The overall aim of this portfolio is to discuss [...] understanding of the curriculum process surrounding the development of the Health and Physical Education Curriculum and Standards Framework II (HPE CSFII) and its implementation in a Victorian secondary school. The unit of analysis was a group of physical educators from Newviews Secondary College. Throughout 2002, interviews, surveys and document analysis were used to see how 'how and if' the HPE CSFII was being adopted and 'implemented' by the group.
Description: Doctor of Philosophy

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Age-specific parental knowledge of restraint transitions influences appropriateness of child occupant restraint use

- Bilston, Lynne, Finch, Caroline, Hatfield, Julie, Brown, Jill

Authors: Bilston, Lynne , Finch, Caroline , Hatfield, Julie , Brown, Jill
Date: 2008
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 14, no. 3 (2008), p. 159-163
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Description: Objective: To determine the factors that influence appropriate restraint usage by child occupants across the age range for which any type of child restraint may be appropriate (0-10 years). Design: Randomized household telephone survey. Setting: Statewide survey, New South Wales, Australia. Subjects: Parents or carers of children aged 0-10 years. Main outcome measures: Parental reporting of appropriateness of child restraint. Methods: Demographic information and data on age, size, restraint practices, parental knowledge of child occupant safety, and attitude to restraint use was collected using a structured interview. Data were analysed using logistic regression after cluster adjustment. Results: Inappropriate restraint use by children was widespread, particularly in children aged 2+ years. Overall, parental knowledge of appropriate ages for restraint transitions was associated with increased likelihood of appropriate restraint use. Lower levels of formal parental education, larger families, parental restraint non-use, and parent/child negotiability of restraint use were predictors of inappropriate restraint use. For particular child age subgroups, the parental knowledge that predicted appropriate restraint use was specific to that age group. Most parents felt that they knew enough to safely restrain their child, despite widespread inappropriate restraint use. Conclusions: Parents are more likely to make appropriate restraint choices for their children if they possess restraint knowledge specific to their children's age and size. Educational campaigns may be most effective when they provide information for specific ages and transition points. Strategies to overcome parents' misplaced confidence that they know enough to restrain their children safely are also indicated.
Description: C1

Epidemiology of scalds in vulnerable groups in New South Wales, Australia, 1998/1999 to 2002/2003

- Boufous, Soufiane, Finch, Caroline

Authors: Boufous, Soufiane , Finch, Caroline
Date: 2005
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Burn Care & Research Vol. 26, no. 4 (2005), p. 320-326
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Description: In this study, the recently introduced International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, code for hot tap water scalds was used to examine the epidemiology of these cases and other scalds injuries in children younger than 5 years of age and adults aged 65 years and older. Although the trunk was the most common area in which scalds occurred, young children were more likely to sustain head and neck scalds (15%, 95% confidence interval 10.8-18.3) because of hot tap water than older people (2%, 95% confidence interval 0.2-4.4). Hospital separation rates for hot water scalds decreased significantly during the study period in both boys ([chi]2 = 15.6, df = 1, P < .001) and girls ([chi]2 = 5.6, df = 1, P < .001) who were younger than 5 years of age, which might be attributable to the introduction of new standards regulating the provision of hot tap water to various buildings. The severity of scalds cases did not seem to be correlated with the length of hospital stay, which remained unchanged in both age groups.
Description: 2003005000

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What if curriculum theorists were to share centre stage after school hours?

- O'Meara, James, Spittle, Michael

Authors: O'Meara, James , Spittle, Michael
Date: 2007
Type: Conference paper
Relation: Paper presented at 2007 National Biennial Conference of the Australian Curriculum Studies Association: Curriculum Centre Stage: Inclusivity, Creativity and Diversity, Melbourne : 7th-10th July 2007
Full Text:
Description: The after school hours time period is seen as a critical time for encouraging children between the ages of 5-7 to be active and play more sport. Often, existing age-appropriate junior sport programs represent a form of curriculum used in this time period. The curriculum in these programs is based on non-competitive, modified activities to minimise the risk of emotional harm to children and prepare them to play the mature form of the game. This paper uses Marsh and Willis' curriculum continuum to advocate an alternative perspective on addressing the needs of those children wishing to have rules and competition in the games they play as they participate in junior sports development programs. This perspective is supported by an analysis of two of the age-appropriate junior sport programs. Examples are drawn from the comments of Executive Officers, Program Officers, delivers, and parents. Key themes running through the comments were that some children were being discouraged from continued participation in sport due to the removal of competition and a feeling that they were not playing a version of the game they recognised.
Description: 2003005030

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Relationship between school physical activity and academic performance of children

- Jiang, Xiaoli, Prosser, Laurie

Authors: Jiang, Xiaoli , Prosser, Laurie
Date: 2008
Type: Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Learning Vol. 15, no. 3 (2008), p. 11-16
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Description: This paper investigated literature concerning the relationship between school physical activity and the academic performance of school children. Some of the past research has identified a positive relationship between physical activity and academic performances. However, several studies did not find that was the case. Further, the studies also had difficulties to ascertain if the association is causal and if so, the direction of the cause-effect. As a result several intervention programs have been conducted to answer the above problems. Some researchers allocated extra time for physical education, aerobic exercise or free play time and concluded that spending more time in physical education had some favorable effects on some of the academic achievement measures. However, some did not achieve positive outcomes. It would appear that most studies have a relatively short period of intervention program and there is an urgent need to conduct a longitudinal study. This paper alerts readers to and outlines the Commonwealth Institute Lifestyle of our Kids (LOOK) longitudinal study that commenced in 2005 in Canberra that seeks to address the shortcomings of the past research in this area.

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Adaptation to chronic physical conditions : Why should we ask the children, and how?

- Shute, Rosalyn

Authors: Shute, Rosalyn
Date: 2005
Type: Text , Conference paper
Relation: Paper presented at the 40th APS Annual Conference: Past Reflections, Future Directions, Melbourne : 28th September - 2nd October, 2005
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Description: This paper argues for a need to explore children's own vies of living with a chronic condition, an approach consonant with a view of children as active copers and construers of their experiences rather than victims and passive health care recipients.
Description: E1
Description: 2003001248

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