List of Titles

The relationship between body image, physical activity, perceived health, and behavioural regulation among Year 7 and Year 11 girls from metropolitan and rural Australia

- Symons, Caroline, Polman, Remco, Moore, Melisa, Borkholes, Erika, Eime, Rochelle, Harvey, Jack, Craike, Melinda, Banting, Lauren, Payne, Warren

Authors: Symons, Caroline , Polman, Remco , Moore, Melisa , Borkholes, Erika , Eime, Rochelle , Harvey, Jack , Craike, Melinda , Banting, Lauren , Payne, Warren
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Annals of Leisure Research Vol. 16, no. 2 (2013), p. 115-129
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Description: This study examined the relationship between educational year level, regional differences in adolescent girls' body image perceptions, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA) level, self-reported health, and dietary behaviour. Also, the role of PA behavioural regulation on body image was examined. The sample (N=732; Year 7 aged 12.23 years and Year 11 aged 16.18 years) included girls in Year 7 (n=489) and in Year 11 (n=243), recruited from 17 metropolitan and 14 rural schools in Victoria, Australia. Girls completed a self-report questionnaire. Novel outcomes from this study revealed year level and region differences in girls' body image perceptions, BMI, and health behaviours. Body dissatisfaction was associated with poorer perceived health, and health behaviours, such as low PA levels and dieting and external PA motivational orientation. Interventions are needed to promote positive body image and intrinsic motivation for PA to increase PA levels among adolescent girls living in metropolitan and rural regions of Australia.

Sense of belonging to layers of lesbian community weakens the link between body image dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms

- Hanley, Sarah, McLaren, Suzanne

Authors: Hanley, Sarah , McLaren, Suzanne
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol. 39, no. 1 (2015), p. 85-94
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Description: There is evidence to suggest that body image dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms are related among lesbians and that the strength of this relationship may be influenced by individuals' sense of belonging to the lesbian community at each of the three layers: broad, organizational, and friendship. The broad layer provides an overarching ideology and, within this layer, individuals may not have direct contact with each other. The organizational layer is represented by groups, organizations, or activities, which exist to bring together lesbians who have a shared interest or proximity, such as lesbian support, social, or interest groups. The friendship layer refers to one's personal network of friends, and it provides general support and acceptance of oneself as a whole person. A sample of 162 self-identified Australian lesbians completed measures of body image satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and sense of belonging. Results demonstrated that sense of belonging to each layer moderated the body image dissatisfactiondepressive symptoms relationship such that the relationship weakens with increasingly higher levels of sense of belonging. Results further showed that high levels of sense of belonging to the organizational and friendship layers were particularly protective. Examining each layer of community simultaneously has shown the importance of more intimate relationships, in addition to the relationships at the broad layer. The results have significant implications for treatment interventions. Practitioners should consider ways to connect lesbians to these more intimate layers of community.

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Trends in body image of adolescent females in metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions: a longitudinal study

- Craike, Melinda, Young, Janet, Symons, Caroline, Pain, Michelle, Harvey, Jack, Eime, Rochelle, Payne, Warren

Authors: Craike, Melinda , Young, Janet , Symons, Caroline , Pain, Michelle , Harvey, Jack , Eime, Rochelle , Payne, Warren
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: BMC Public Health Vol. 16, no. 1 (2016), p. 1-9
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Description: Background: Body dissatisfaction is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including impaired psychological health, low physical activity and disordered eating. This longitudinal study used the Factors Influencing Transitions in Girls' Active Leisure and Sport (FITGALS) dataset to examine trends in body image of adolescent females. Specifically, the study examined satisfaction with body size, physical appearance and dieting behaviour for two cohorts at transitional life phases in two geographic regions longitudinally over a 3-year period. Methods: A sample of 732 adolescent females in Grade 7 (n = 489, 66.8 %) and Grade 11 (n = 243, 33.2 %) at randomly selected Australian metropolitan and non-metropolitan secondary schools responded to a questionnaire in three successive years from 2008 to 2010. Participants reported perceptions about their body size and physical appearance and whether they were, or ought to be, on a diet. The data were analysed using a series of longitudinal logistic regression models. Results: Dieting and dissatisfaction with body size significantly increased over time and more so for older than younger girls. Region significantly moderated the effect of grade level regarding dissatisfaction with body size but not dieting. In non-metropolitan regions, those in the younger cohort were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied with their body size than the older cohort; whereas in metropolitan regions, those in the older cohort were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied with their body size than the younger cohort. Adolescent female's perceptions of their appearance were unchanged over time, region and grade level. Conclusions: Differences across time, region and grade level were found among adolescent females on body size and dieting behaviour, but not physical appearance. Adolescent females experience early and increasing body size dissatisfaction and dieting as they age, but stable perceptions of physical appearance. Age and geographic region are important considerations for the timing and targeting of interventions to address body image concerns. Further investigation of regional differences in body image perceptions and factors that affect these is warranted. The findings of this study highlight the ongoing need for strategies during adolescence to promote a healthy appreciation of body size and appearance. © 2016 The Author(s).

Critical measurement issues in the assessment of social media influence on body image

- Jarman, Hannah, McLean, Sian, Griffiths, Scott, Teague, Samantha, Rodgers, Rachel, Paxton, Susan, Austen, Emma, Harris, Emily, Steward, Trevor, Shatte, Adrian, Khanh-Dao Le, Long, Anwar, Tarique, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Parker, Alexandra, Yager, Zali, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew

Authors: Jarman, Hannah , McLean, Sian , Griffiths, Scott , Teague, Samantha , Rodgers, Rachel , Paxton, Susan , Austen, Emma , Harris, Emily , Steward, Trevor , Shatte, Adrian , Khanh-Dao Le, Long , Anwar, Tarique , Mihalopoulos, Cathrine , Parker, Alexandra , Yager, Zali , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Body Image Vol. 40, no. (2022), p. 225-236
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Description: Progress towards understanding how social media impacts body image hinges on the use of appropriate measurement tools and methodologies. This review provides an overview of common (qualitative, self-report survey, lab-based experiments) and emerging (momentary assessment, computational) methodological approaches to the exploration of the impact of social media on body image. The potential of these methodologies is detailed, with examples illustrating current use as well as opportunities for expansion. A key theme from our review is that each methodology has provided insights for the body image research field, yet is insufficient in isolation to fully capture the nuance and complexity of social media experiences. Thus, in consideration of gaps in methodology, we emphasise the need for big picture thinking that leverages and combines the strengths of each of these methodologies to yield a more comprehensive, nuanced, and robust picture of the positive and negative impacts of social media. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

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Perceived barriers and enablers to physical activity participation in people with alopecia areata : a constructivist grounded theory study

- Rajoo, Yamuna, Wong, Jason, Raj, Isaac, Kennedy, Gerard

Authors: Rajoo, Yamuna , Wong, Jason , Raj, Isaac , Kennedy, Gerard
Date: 2020
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: BMC Psychology Vol. 8, no. 1 (2020), p.
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Description: Background: Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease that is characterised by hair loss. Individuals diagnosed with it often describe feelings of trauma and social rejection due to cosmetic repercussions and are at high risk of experiencing psychological distress. Physical activity (PA) participation has been associated with better mental health outcomes in diverse populations. A preliminary study of individuals with AA indicated that severe hair loss is associated with symptomatic depression, anxiety and stress, which negatively impacted PA participation. While strategies to increase PA participation in the general population have been established, little is known about PA participation in people with AA. This study aimed to understand barriers and enablers to PA participation in people with AA to inform the development of evidence-based interventions. Methods: The study used a grounded theory (GT) methodology, relying on an iterative and simultaneous process of data collection, coding, theory development, and data comparisons to explore the perceived barriers and enablers to PA. Data were collected through a focus group (8 participants [33.38 ± 10.81 years]) and individual telephone interviews (8 participants [33.89 ± 11.87 years]). The study was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Interview data were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim and analysed. Recruitment continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Results: The constructivist grounded theory method used has assisted to develop an explanatory model which is used to explain the themes for barriers and enablers to PA participation. The four phases in the explanatory model are as follows (1) onset of AA; (2) reaction towards the condition; (3) adjustment; and (4) acceptance. Conclusion: The findings highlighted perceived barriers and enablers to PA participation in people with AA. Future interventions could consider addressing these barriers specifically to maximise effectiveness and to improve mental health status based on the phases of the explanatory model. © 2020, The Author(s).

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