List of Titles

Investigation of perceptual-motor behavior across the expert athlete to disabled patient skill continuum can advance theory and practical application

- Müller, Sean, Vallence, Ann-Maree, Winstein, Carolee

Authors: Müller, Sean , Vallence, Ann-Maree , Winstein, Carolee
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Motor Behavior Vol. 50, no. 6 (2018), p. 697-707
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Description: A framework is presented of how theoretical predictions can be tested across the expert athlete to disabled patient skill continuum. Common-coding theory is used as the exemplar to discuss sensory and motor system contributions to perceptual-motor behavior. Behavioral and neural studies investigating expert athletes and patients recovering from cerebral stroke are reviewed. They provide evidence of bi-directional contributions of visual and motor systems to perceptual-motor behavior. Majority of this research is focused on perceptual-motor performance or learning, with less on transfer. The field is ripe for research designed to test theoretical predictions across the expert athlete to disabled patient skill continuum. Our view has implications for theory and practice in sports science, physical education, and rehabilitation. © 2017, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Use of pitcher game footage to measure visual anticipation and its relationship to baseball batting statistics

- Morris-Binelli, Khaya, Müller, Sean, Fadde, Peter

Authors: Morris-Binelli, Khaya , Müller, Sean , Fadde, Peter
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Motor Learning and Development Vol. 6, no. 2 (2018), p. 197-208
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Description: Professional baseball batters' (N = 105) visual anticipation of pitch type and location were measured using a video-based temporal occlusion test and correlated with their baseball batting statistics. Participants watched in-game footage of skilled baseball pitchers that was temporally occluded at the point of ball release, and at 80 ms and 200 ms after ball release. Participants made written predictions of pitch type and location. Results indicated there was a significant positive correlation between anticipation of combined pitch type and location 80 ms after ball release with slugging percentage (r = .21). There was a significant negative correlation between anticipation of pitch type alone 200 ms after ball release and strikeouts (r = -.28), indicating higher prediction is associated with fewer incorrect swing choices. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between anticipation of pitch type alone 200 ms after ball release and on-base percentage (r = .23) as well as walk-to-strikeout ratio (r = .25). These small relationships are consistent to the batting statistics we predicted and can be due to the range of competitive levels in the leagues the participants had played. The findings further theoretical and applied knowledge of the role visual anticipation contributes to baseball batting game performance. The findings also suggest that game footage can be used to assess and potentially to train visual anticipation skill, which is highly valuable for athletes and high performance support staff in sporting organizations. © 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc.

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Head accelerations during a 1-on-1 rugby tackling drill performed by experienced rugby union players

- Reha, Tahere, McNabb, Colm, Netto, Kevin, Davey, Paul, Lavender, Andrew

Authors: Reha, Tahere , McNabb, Colm , Netto, Kevin , Davey, Paul , Lavender, Andrew
Date: 2021
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Brain Sciences Vol. 11, no. 11 (2021), p.
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Description: Rugby Union is a popular sport played by males and females worldwide, from junior to elite levels. The highly physical skill of tackling occurs every few seconds throughout a match and various injuries associated with tackling are relatively common. Of particular interest are head injuries that result in a concussion. Recently, repeated non-injurious head impacts in sport have attracted the attention of researchers interested in brain health. Therefore, this study assessed head movement during repeated rugby tackle drills among experienced Rugby Union players. Experienced male and female participants performed 15 1-on-1 tackles in a motion analysis laboratory to measure the head movements of the ball carrier and tackler during each tackle, using three-dimensional motion capture. The average peak acceleration of the head for ball carriers was 28.9 ± 24.08 g and 36.67 ± 28.91 g for the tacklers. This study found that the type of head impacts common while performing a tackle in Rugby Union are similar to those experienced by soccer players during heading, which has been found to alter brain function that lasts hours after the event. This has important implications for player health and suggests that mitigation strategies should be considered for Rugby Union. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Pilot study of an exercise intervention for depressive symptoms and associated cognitive-behavioral factors in young adults with major depression

- Nasstasia, Yasmina, Baker, Amanda, Halpin, Sean, Lewin, Terry, Hides, Leanne

Authors: Nasstasia, Yasmina , Baker, Amanda , Halpin, Sean , Lewin, Terry , Hides, Leanne
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Vol. 205, no. 8 (2017), p. 647-655
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Description: This study assesses the feasibility of integrating motivational interviewing (MI) with an exercise intervention. It also explores patterns of depressive symptom changes (cognitive, affective, and somatic subscales) and their relationship to cognitive, behavioral, and immunological factors (interleukin 6, IL-6, a marker for inflammation) across the exercise intervention. Twelve young adults (20.8 ± 1.7 years) meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder received a brief MI intervention followed by a 12-week exercise intervention. Assessments were conducted preintervention, postintervention, throughout the intervention, and at follow-up. Preliminary results show differential effects of exercise, with the largest standardized mean improvements for the affective subscale (-1.71), followed by cognitive (-1.56) and somatic (-1.39) subscales. A significant relationship was observed between increased behavioral activation and lower levels of IL-6. Despite study limitations, the magnitude of changes suggests that natural remission of depressive symptoms is an unlikely explanation for the findings. A randomized controlled trial has commenced to evaluate effectiveness of the intervention. © Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Nasstasia Yasmina” is provided in this record**

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Automated vision occlusion-timing instrument for perception–action research

- Brenton, John, Müller, Sean, Rhodes, Robbie, Finch, Brad

Authors: Brenton, John , Müller, Sean , Rhodes, Robbie , Finch, Brad
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Behavior Research Methods Vol. 50, no. 1 (2018), p. 228-235
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Description: Vision occlusion spectacles are a highly valuable instrument for visual-perception–action research in a variety of disciplines. In sports, occlusion spectacles have enabled invaluable knowledge to be obtained about the superior capability of experts to use visual information to guide actions within in-situ settings. Triggering the spectacles to occlude a performer’s vision at a precise time in an opponent’s action or object flight has been problematic, due to experimenter error in using a manual buttonpress approach. This article describes a new laser curtain wireless trigger for vision occlusion spectacles that is portable and fast in terms of its transmission time. The laser curtain can be positioned in a variety of orientations to accept a motion trigger, such as a cricket bowler’s arm that distorts the lasers, which then activates a wireless signal for the occlusion spectacles to change from transparent to opaque, which occurs in only 8 ms. Results are reported from calculations done in an electronics laboratory, as well as from tests in a performance laboratory with a cricket bowler and a baseball pitcher, which verified this short time delay before vision occlusion. In addition, our results show that occlusion consistently occurred when it was intended—that is, near ball release and during mid-ball-flight. Only 8% of the collected data trials were unusable. The laser curtain improves upon the limitations of existing vision occlusion spectacle triggers, indicating that it is a valuable instrument for perception–action research in a variety of disciplines. © 2017, Psychonomic Society, Inc.

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The effect of sub-concussive impacts during a rugby tackling drill on brain function

- McNabb, Colm, Reha, Tahere, Georgieva, Julia, Jacques, Angela, Netto, Kevin, Lavender, Andrew

Authors: McNabb, Colm , Reha, Tahere , Georgieva, Julia , Jacques, Angela , Netto, Kevin , Lavender, Andrew
Date: 2020
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Brain Sciences Vol. 10, no. 12 (2020), p. 1-12
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Description: Concussion is known to detrimentally affect brain health. Rugby tackles commonly occur with high collision force between tackler and ball carrier, and low impact head contact is not uncommon. Cognitive deficits following a bout of soccer ball heading has been attributed to the impact and termed sub-concussion. Although soccer ball heading studies provide evidence for acute effects of sub-concussion, it is unknown whether this phenomenon occurs following rugby tackles. This study investigates the acute effects of rugby tackles on brain function and balance in rugby players. Twenty-six volunteers were assigned to either the ball carrier (9), tackler (9) or control (8) group. Controls performed running without the tackle. Outcome measures included corticomotor function using transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS) and balance was assessed by a series of tasks performed on a NeuroCom Balance Master before and immediately after a tackle training drill. Following the tackling bout, the cortical silent period (cSP) increased for the tacklers with no change for ball carrier and control groups, and no differences between groups for balance measures were observed. Lengthening of cSP observed in the tacklers following the bout has been reported in studies of concussion and may indicate long term detrimental effects. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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