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Infographic consensus recommendations on the classification, definition and diagnostic criteria of hip-related pain in young and middle-aged active adults from the International Hip-related Pain Research Network, Zurich 2018

- Reiman, Michael, Agricola, Rintje, Kemp, Joanne, Heerey, Joshua, Weir, Adam, Van Klij, Pim, Kassarjian, Ara, Mosler, Andrea, Ageberg, Eva, Hölmich, Perj, WArholm, Kristian, Griffin, Damian, Mayes, Suec, Khan, Karim, Crossley, Kay, Bizzini, Mario, Bloom, Nancy, Casartelli, Nicola, Diamond, Laura, Di Stasi, Stephanieu, Drew, Michael, Friedman, Daniel, Freke, Matthew, Glyn-Jones, Sionz, Gojanovic, Borisaa, Harris-Hayes, Marcie, Hunt, Michael, Impellizzeri, Franco, Ishøi, Lasseae;, Jones, Denise

A flourishing brain in the 21st century : a scoping review of the impact of developing good habits for mind, brain, well-being, and learning

- Ekman, Rolf, Fletcher, Anna, Giota, Joanna, Eriksson, Axel, Thomas, Bertil, Bååthe, Frederik

  • Authors: Ekman, Rolf , Fletcher, Anna , Giota, Joanna , Eriksson, Axel , Thomas, Bertil , Bååthe, Frederik
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Mind, Brain, and Education Vol. 16, no. 1 (2022), p. 13-23
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  • Description: Emerging scientific knowledge such as the role of epigenetics and neuroplasticity—the brain's capability to constantly rewire with every action, experience, and thought—is fundamentally changing our understanding of the potential impact we can have on our brain. Our brain is formed by our habits in interaction with our body, the environment, influenced by our lifestyle, successes, failures, and traumas. Neuroplasticity proves that every student's brain is a work in progress, and it is never too late to take better care of one's cognitive fitness. This review presents a repertoire of good habits (GHs). Combined, we suggest that these GHs provide conditions for optimal brain health, by acting as a “Mental Vaccine” which enhances the brain's resilience to brain health-degrading challenges. We argue that schools have a crucial role to play in empowering students to increase their own stress resilience, well-being, and learning by developing their own GHs profile. © 2021 The Authors. Mind, Brain, and Education published by International Mind, Brain, and Education Society and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Implementing skill acquisition research in high-performance sport : reflecting on the importance of autonomy-support for successful collaboration

- Morris-Binelli, Khaya, Müller, Sean, van Rens, Fleur, Staniforth, Dave, Appleby, Brendyn, Rosalie, Simon

  • Authors: Morris-Binelli, Khaya , Müller, Sean , van Rens, Fleur , Staniforth, Dave , Appleby, Brendyn , Rosalie, Simon
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Sport Psychology in Action Vol. 13, no. 3 (2022), p. 143-154
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  • Description: Perceptual-cognitive-motor skills, such as visual anticipation, are pivotal for superior performance in sport. However, there are only a limited number of skill acquisition specialists working with coaches to develop these skills in athletes. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief reflection on the use of psychological strategies to create an autonomy-supportive environment to embed a skill acquisition research project in high-performance sport. The research project was conducted with the Australian national field hockey high-performance unit and investigated individual differences in expert goalkeepers’ visual anticipation. The paper first discusses the role of a skill acquisition specialist, how they collaborate with coaches and athletes, and barriers to collaboration. The paper then outlines how psychological strategies can be used to create an autonomy-supportive environment to build a relationship and establish a research collaboration with a team. Further, the paper discusses the importance of continually involving coaches and athletes in the research process to facilitate their engagement and self-determined motivation to complete the project. By applying psychological strategies to create an autonomy-supportive environment, sports scientists may have greater success in overcoming the many barriers to conduct research in an elite sport setting, with the outcomes highly valuable for athlete development. © 2021 Association for Applied Sport Psychology.

Men say “I love you” before women do : robust across several countries

- Watkins, Christopher, Bovet, Jeanne, Fernandez, Ana, Leongómez, Juan, Żelaźniewicz, Agnieszka, Corrêa Varella, Marco, Wagstaff, Danielle

  • Authors: Watkins, Christopher , Bovet, Jeanne , Fernandez, Ana , Leongómez, Juan , Żelaźniewicz, Agnieszka , Corrêa Varella, Marco , Wagstaff, Danielle
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Vol. 39, no. 7 (2022), p. 2134-2153
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  • Description: Feeling and expressing love is at the core of romantic relationships, but individuals differ in their proclivity to worry about their relationships and/or avoid intimacy. Saying “I love you” signals a commitment to a future with our romantic partner. Contrary to gender stereotypes, research in the United States demonstrates that men are more likely to confess love first. We aimed to replicate this sex difference in an online cross-national sample (seven countries, three continents), while testing for variation according to attachment style and environment (the national sex ratio). Men were more likely to confess love first in a relationship, with preliminary evidence that this was more likely when men had more choice (more female-biased sex ratio). Independent of biological sex, highly avoidant respondents were less happy to hear “I love you” than less avoidant respondents, and highly anxious respondents were happier to hear “I love you” than less anxious respondents. Our findings suggest that prior observations generalize beyond an ethnically homogenous sample and incorporate attachment theory into the study of love confessions. Our research suggests a dissociation between initial declarations of love (moderated by biological sex) and emotional responses to love confessions, moderated by attachment style but not by biological sex. © The Author(s) 2022.

Injury by design : a thematic networks and system dynamics analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in tram drivers

- Naweed, Anjum, Bowditch, Lorelle, Trigg, Joshua, Unsworth, Carolyn

  • Authors: Naweed, Anjum , Bowditch, Lorelle , Trigg, Joshua , Unsworth, Carolyn
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Applied Ergonomics Vol. 100, no. (2022), p.
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  • Description: Tram driving is a safety critical task where work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and injuries are associated with interacting occupational design factors over time. These interactions then carry implications for workforce retention, public safety, workplace relations and supports. To better understand such interactions, this study used thematic networks and system dynamics (causal loop diagrams) analysis with the aim to unearth a global theme underscoring occurrence of WRMSDs, and describe the factors influencing the system dynamics of WRMSD occurrence in tram drivers. Building on earlier work focused on occupational participation, secondary analysis of driver interviews (n = 13) and driving observations (n = 11) produced thematic network and causal loop models of risk factors that highlighted an Injury by Design problem structure as a global theme. Research targeting organisational culture, human factors, and design standards is needed to minimise WRMSDs risk in tram drivers. © 2021 The Authors

Traffic accident detection and condition analysis based on social networking data

- Ali, Farman, Ali, Amjad, Imran, Muhammad, Naqvi, Rizwan, Siddiqi, Muhammad, Kwak, Kyung-Sup

  • Authors: Ali, Farman , Ali, Amjad , Imran, Muhammad , Naqvi, Rizwan , Siddiqi, Muhammad , Kwak, Kyung-Sup
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 151, no. (2021), p.
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  • Description: Accurate detection of traffic accidents as well as condition analysis are essential to effectively restoring traffic flow and reducing serious injuries and fatalities. This goal can be obtained using an advanced data classification model with a rich source of traffic information. Several systems based on sensors and social networking platforms have been presented recently to detect traffic events and monitor traffic conditions. However, sensor-based systems provide limited information, and may fail owing to the long detection times and high false-alarm rates. In addition, social networking data are unstructured, unpredictable, and contain idioms, jargon, and dynamic topics. The machine learning algorithms utilized for traffic event detection might not extract valuable information from social networking data. In this paper, a social network–based, real-time monitoring framework is proposed for traffic accident detection and condition analysis using ontology and latent Dirichlet allocation (OLDA) and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM). First, the query-based search engine effectively collects traffic information from social networks, and the data preprocessing module transforms it into structured form. Second, the proposed OLDA-based topic modeling method automatically labels each sentence (e.g., traffic or non-traffic) to identify the exact traffic information. In addition, the ontology-based event recognition approach detects traffic events from traffic-related data. Next, the sentiment analysis technique identifies the polarity of traffic events employing user's opinions, which helps determine accurate conditions of traffic events. Finally, the FastText model and Bi-LSTM with softmax regression are trained for traffic event detection and condition analysis. The proposed framework is evaluated using traffic-related data, comparing OLDA and Bi-LSTM with existing topic modeling methods and traditional classifiers using word embedding models, respectively. Our system outperforms state-of-the-art methods and achieves accuracy of 97 %. This finding demonstrates that the proposed system is more efficient for traffic event detection and condition analysis, in comparison to other existing systems. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Challenging child behaviours positively predict symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of children with Autism spectrum disorder and rare diseases

- Stewart, Michelle, Schnabel, Alexandra, Hallford, David, McGillivray, Jane, Forbes, David, Foster, Madeline, Shandley, Kerrie, Gardam, Madeleine, Austin, David

  • Authors: Stewart, Michelle , Schnabel, Alexandra , Hallford, David , McGillivray, Jane , Forbes, David , Foster, Madeline , Shandley, Kerrie , Gardam, Madeleine , Austin, David
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders Vol. 69, no. (2020), p.
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  • Description: Background: This study investigated the validity of conceptualising elevated stress in parents of children who exhibit challenging behaviour within the framework of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was hypothesised that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and parents of children with a rare disease would endorse greater PTSD symptomatology than parents of typically developing (TD) children, and that challenging child behaviours would positively predict PTSD symptomatology. Method: The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, Developmental Behaviour Checklist (Parent) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 were administered to 395 parents. Results: Significantly more PTSD symptomatology was reported by parents of children with ASD and parents of children with a rare disease than parents of TD children, and challenging child behaviours positively predicted PTSD symptomatology in both groups. Conclusion: A PTSD framework may validly explain elevated stress among some parents of children with ASD and parents of children with a rare disease, and has important implications for support delivered to parents by healthcare providers. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

Psycho-perceptual-motor skills are deemed critical to save the penalty corner in international field hockey

- Morris-Binelli, Khaya, van Rens, Fleur, Müller, Sean, Rosalie, Simon

  • Authors: Morris-Binelli, Khaya , van Rens, Fleur , Müller, Sean , Rosalie, Simon
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Psychology of Sport and Exercise Vol. 51, no. (2020), p.
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  • Description: In interceptive sports such as field hockey goalkeeping, the psycho-perceptual-motor skill anticipation is vital for performance due to the extreme time constraints associated with saving a goal. The purpose of this study was to understand the beliefs and attitudes of international field hockey goalkeepers and coaches regarding anticipation of the drag-flick in penalty corners. Seven international goalkeepers and five international coaches were interviewed. Using a constructionist and relativist approach to reflexive thematic data analysis, we identified three overarching themes to anticipate the drag-flick, namely, pre-match video analysis, perception and action, and psychological factors. In the first theme, participants reported that pre-match video analysis allowed goalkeepers and coaches to identify the attacking capabilities of opposing teams. This analysis was used to inform defensive structure and save the drag-flick. In the second theme, participants reported that perception and action, which consisted of the pick-up of visual cues and movement execution, was important to anticipate the drag-flick. Goalkeepers reported that they rely heavily on ball flight, which was central in coaches’ approaches in training drills such as to use a projection machine that presents only ball flight information. The third theme, psychological factors, encompassed, psychological resilience, arousal regulation, leadership and communication, and sports intelligence, which were thought to be vital to facilitate anticipation of the drag-flick. The findings of this study have important implications for how to assess and train visual anticipation in time-constrained interceptive sports skills. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

The relations between the positive and negative components of self-compassion and depressive symptoms among sexual minority women and men

- Shakeshaft, Rhianydd, McLaren, Suzanne

  • Authors: Shakeshaft, Rhianydd , McLaren, Suzanne
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Mindfulness Vol. 13, no. 1 (2022), p. 57-65
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  • Description: Objectives: The experience of depression among sexual minority adults is a cause for concern. Research into protective factors is lacking. Self-compassion is considered to promote adaptive coping strategies and is associated with fewer depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether self-compassion and its components were associated with depressive symptoms among sexual minority adults and whether these relations were moderated by gender. Methods: A sample of 499 sexual minority women aged 18 to 77 years (M = 29.45, SD = 9.97) and 457 sexual minority men aged 18 to 79 years (M = 27.05, SD = 9.12) completed the Center for Epidemiology-Depression Scale and the Self-Compassion Scale. Results: Higher levels of self-compassion, self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness and lower levels of self-judgement, isolation, and over-identification were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. When all six components were entered simultaneously into a regression model, only the negative components predicted levels of depressive symptoms. Gender moderated the common humanity-depressive symptoms relation, with this relation being stronger for women than men. Conclusions: Results indicate that the negative components of self-compassion are associated with depressive symptoms among sexual minority adults and that the strength of the relations are not conditional on gender. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Adolescent popularity : distinct profiles and associations with excessive internet usage and interpersonal sensitivity

- Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Barber, Emily, de Sena Collier, Gabriel, Snodgrass, Jeffrey, Gomez, Rapson

  • Authors: Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Barber, Emily , de Sena Collier, Gabriel , Snodgrass, Jeffrey , Gomez, Rapson
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Child Psychiatry and Human Development Vol. 53, no. 6 (2022), p. 1097-1109
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  • Description: Peer popularity constitutes a pivotal developmental task to adolescents’ current and future adaptation. This study identified distinct adolescent popularity profiles and explored their links with excessive Internet usage and interpersonal sensitivity. The sample included 2090 students attending Greek high schools (Mage = 16.16, SD = 0.91). Their popularity was measured via self-report and peer sociometric means. They also responded to the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Interpersonal Sensitivity subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). A sequence of latent profile analysis, ANOVAs and linear regression models were performed. Three distinct popularity profiles were revealed: the “Average Confident” (68.4%), the “Socially Vulnerable” (26.8%), and the “Insecure Bi-Strategic” (4.8%). These profiles did not significantly vary regarding their Internet usage and interpersonal sensitivity behaviours. Interestingly, lower self-perceived popularity predicted higher interpersonal sensitivity, whereas higher actual popularity predicted excessive Internet use. Findings have important implications for student-tailored mental health prevention and intervention practices. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Can the workload–injury relationship be moderated by improved strength, speed and repeated-sprint qualities?

- Malone, Shane, Hughes, Brian, Doran, Dominic, Collins, Kieran, Gabbett, Tim

  • Authors: Malone, Shane , Hughes, Brian , Doran, Dominic , Collins, Kieran , Gabbett, Tim
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 22, no. 1 (2019), p. 29-34
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  • Description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate potential moderators (i.e. lower body strength, repeated-sprint ability [RSA] and maximal velocity) of injury risk within a team-sport cohort. Design: Observational cohort study. Methods: Forty male amateur hurling players (age: 26.2 ± 4.4 year, height: 184.2 ± 7.1 cm, mass: 82.6 ± 4.7 kg) were recruited. During a two-year period, workload (session RPE × duration), injury and physical qualities were assessed. Specific physical qualities assessed were a three-repetition maximum Trapbar deadlift, 6 × 35-m repeated-sprint (RSA) and 5-, 10- and 20-m sprint time. All derived workload and physical quality measures were modelled against injury data using regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were reported against a reference group. Results: Moderate weekly loads between ≥1400 AU and ≤1900 AU were protective against injury during both the pre-season (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.18–0.66) and in-season periods (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82) compared to a low load reference group (≤1200 AU). When strength was considered as a moderator of injury risk, stronger athletes were better able to tolerate the given workload at a reduced risk. Stronger athletes were also better able to tolerate larger week-to-week changes (>550–1000 AU) in workload than weaker athletes (OR = 2.54–4.52). Athletes who were slower over 5-m (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 2.33–3.87), 10-m (OR: 3.45, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) and 20-m (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) were at increased risk of injury compared to faster athletes. When repeated-sprint total time (RSAt) was considered as a moderator of injury risk at a given workload (≥1750 AU), athletes with better RSAt were at reduced risk compared to those with poor RSAt (OR: 5.55, 95%: 3.98–7.94). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that well-developed lower-body strength, RSA and speed are associated with better tolerance to higher workloads and reduced risk of injury in team-sport athletes. © 2018 Sports Medicine Australia

Gambling disorder in the UK : key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding

- Bowden-Jones, Henrietta, Hook, Roxanne, Grant, Jon, Ioannidis, Konstantinos, Corazza, Ornella, Fineberg, Naomi, Singer, Bryan, Roberts, Amanda, Bethlehem, Richard, Dymond, Simon, Romero-Garcia, Rafa, Robbins, Trevor, Cortese, Samuele, Thomas, Shane, Sahakian, Barbara, Dowling, Nicki, Chamberlain, Samuel

  • Authors: Bowden-Jones, Henrietta , Hook, Roxanne , Grant, Jon , Ioannidis, Konstantinos , Corazza, Ornella , Fineberg, Naomi , Singer, Bryan , Roberts, Amanda , Bethlehem, Richard , Dymond, Simon , Romero-Garcia, Rafa , Robbins, Trevor , Cortese, Samuele , Thomas, Shane , Sahakian, Barbara , Dowling, Nicki , Chamberlain, Samuel
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: The Lancet Psychiatry Vol. 9, no. 4 (2022), p. 321-329
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  • Description: Gambling in the modern era is pervasive owing to the variety of gambling opportunities available, including those that use technology (eg, online applications on smartphones). Although many people gamble recreationally without undue negative effects, a sizeable subset of individuals develop disordered gambling, which is associated with marked functional impairment including other mental health problems, relationship problems, bankruptcy, suicidality, and criminality. The National UK Research Network for Behavioural Addictions (NUK-BA) was established to promote understanding of, research into, and treatments for behavioural addictions including gambling disorder, which is the only formally recognised behavioural addiction. In this Health Policy paper, we outline the status of research and treatment for disordered gambling in the UK (including funding issues) and key research that should be conducted to establish the magnitude of the problem, vulnerability and resilience factors, the underlying neurobiology, long-term consequences, and treatment opportunities. In particular, we emphasise the need to: (1) conduct independent longitudinal research into the prevalence of disordered gambling (including gambling disorder and at-risk gambling), and gambling harms, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (2) select and refine the most suitable pragmatic measurement tools; (3) identify predictors (eg, vulnerability and resilience markers) of disordered gambling in people who gamble recreationally, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (4) conduct randomised controlled trials on psychological interventions and pharmacotherapy for gambling disorder; (5) improve understanding of the neurobiological basis of gambling disorder, including impulsivity and compulsivity, genetics, and biomarkers; and (6) develop clinical guidelines based on the best contemporary research evidence to guide effective clinical interventions. We also highlight the need to consider what can be learnt from approaches towards mitigating gambling-related harm in other countries. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Unprepared for the depth of my feelings' - capturing grief in older people through research poetry

- Gerber, Katrin, Brijnath, Bianca, Lock, Kayla, Bryant, Christina, Hills, Danny, Hjorth, Larissa

  • Authors: Gerber, Katrin , Brijnath, Bianca , Lock, Kayla , Bryant, Christina , Hills, Danny , Hjorth, Larissa
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Age and Ageing Vol. 51, no. 3 (2022), p.
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  • Description: Background: Older people are more likely to experience bereavements than any other age group. However, in healthcare and society, their grief experiences and support needs receive limited attention. Through innovative, arts-based research poetry, this study aimed to capture older people's bereavement stories and the effects of grief on their physical and mental health. Method: Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 18 bereaved older adults were analysed using thematic and poetic narrative analysis, following a five-step approach of immersion, creation, critical reflection, ethics and engagement. Results: Research poems were used to illustrate three themes of bereavement experiences among older adults: feeling unprepared, accumulation of losses and ripple effects of grief. While half of participants reported that the death of their family member was expected, many felt unprepared despite having experienced multiple bereavements throughout their life. Instead, the accumulation of losses had a compounding effect on their health and well-being. While these ripple effects of grief focussed on emotional and mental health consequences, many also reported physical health effects like the onset of a new condition or the worsening of an existing one. In its most extreme form, grief was connected with a perceived increased mortality risk. Conclusions: By using poetry to draw attention to the intense and often long-lasting effects of grief on older people's health and well-being, this article offers emotional, engaging and immersive insights into their unique bereavement experiences and thereby challenges the notion that grief has an expiry date. © 2022 The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Mind the gap : the role of HRM in creating, capturing and leveraging rare knowledge in hostile environments

- Suder, Gabriele, Reade, Carol, Riviere, Monica, Birnik, Andreas, Nielsen, Niklas

  • Authors: Suder, Gabriele , Reade, Carol , Riviere, Monica , Birnik, Andreas , Nielsen, Niklas
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Human Resource Management Vol. 30, no. 11 (2019), p. 1794-1821
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  • Description: Multinational enterprises (MNEs) have increasingly entered markets in less developed regions of the world afflicted with weak institutions and political conflict. Some are characterised by ‘extreme’ cases of institutional voids and terrorism, creating a hostile environment for the organisation and its people. This in-depth qualitative study of a service company, a European telecommunications joint venture in Afghanistan, seeks to shed light and build theory on the human resource management (HRM) dimension of managerial learning and knowledge acquisition in hostile environments, as part of the MNE’s organisational learning process. Specifically, we investigate how knowledge gaps can be addressed through supportive HR practices, and how knowledge classified as ‘rare’ can be captured and leveraged through HR interventions such as debriefing. We stipulate that HR practices and interventions adapted to hostile environments, together with expatriate willingness to learn and share new knowledge, play a critical role in the creation, capturing and leveraging of rare knowledge for subsequent use by the MNE in other hostile locations. The study has implications for international HRM and organisational resilience, under the proposition that competitive advantage can be gained through exploitation of rare knowledge acquired in hostile environments. © 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

When the pursuit of happiness backfires : the role of negative emotion valuation

- Humphrey, Ashley, Szoka, Rebecca, Bastian, Brock

  • Authors: Humphrey, Ashley , Szoka, Rebecca , Bastian, Brock
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Positive Psychology Vol. 17, no. 5 (2022), p. 611-619
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  • Description: Recent research has uncovered a downside to the pursuit of happiness; placing a high value on happiness can ironically lead to lower well-being. Not all approaches have this effect, however, and individuals who seek positivity within their day-to-day routines may experience higher well-being. The current research investigated whether the difference between these two approaches (valuing happiness vs. prioritizing positivity) exists in how people orient towards their negative emotions. Across two studies (n = 496) we find that feeling pressured to avoid feeling anxious or depressed partially mediated the relationship between valuing happiness and decreased well-being, but this was not the case for prioritizing positivity. The findings suggest the negative well-being effects of placing a high value on happiness may be partially explained by a related tendency to devalue negative emotions, providing evidence for a mechanism through which the pursuit of happiness can become detrimental. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Sport parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic: perceptions of parents and youth in Australia

- Elliott, Sam, Pankowiak, Aurelie, Eime, Rochelle, Drummond, Murray

  • Authors: Elliott, Sam , Pankowiak, Aurelie , Eime, Rochelle , Drummond, Murray
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Psychology of Sport and Exercise Vol. 64, no. (2023), p.
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  • Description: Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parental involvement in youth sport is largely unknown. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to understand parental involvement in relation to their child's participation in organised sport during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using an interpretive descriptive methodology, online qualitative interviews and online focus groups with parents and youth (15–18 years) (n = 29) were conducted during June 2020. Following a rigorous reflexive thematic analysis, four themes illustrated the nature of sport parenting during this stressful and uncertain period: (a) reshaping sport parenting identity, (b) the unexpected growth of sport parenting responsibilities, (c) responding to children's loss of sport, and (d) policies impact family commitment and attitudes to returning to sport. The findings are discussed considering Harwood and Knight's (2015) postulates of parenting expertise in sport and offer potential ideas to better support parents and children situated in unexpectedly stressful situations. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Constructions of athlete mental health post-retirement: a discursive analysis of stigmatising and legitimising versions of transition distress in the Australian broadcast media

- Cosh, Suzanne, Crabb, Shona, McNeil, Dominic, Tully, Phillip

  • Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Crabb, Shona , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health Vol. 14, no. 7 (2022), p. 1045-1069
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  • Description: Athletes are vulnerable to experiencing mental health disorders, yet, disclosure and help-seeking around mental health remains low, with stigma the most widely reported barrier. However, the ways in which stigma around mental health may be produced (or resisted) in dominant constructions of athlete mental health remain under examined. This study explores constructions of athlete mental health into retirement in an example of Australian broadcast media, with consideration of the ways in which these representations might function to reproduce and perpetuate (or not) stigmatising versions of athlete mental health. Data from a two-part special of a current affairs programme focusing on transition difficulties and poor mental health of nine retired athletes were analysed using Discursive Psychology. Analysis focused on identifying the constructions of mental health and recovery produced in this broadcast, with consideration as to how these depictions might function to perpetuate and/or resist stigma. Mental health was constructed in two key ways–biomedical and life-stress–which externalised mental health. Recovery was, conversely, located as solely the individual’s responsibility and was depicted as achieved through self-awareness and engaging in new pursuits. Thus, individual experiences of mental health disorders were partially legitimised through externalising blame and presenting a plurality of depictions, yet did not redress stigma around transition distress more broadly by overlooking contextual factors. Depictions trivialised recovery, potentially functioning to stigmatise long-term or chronic mental health experiences as well as help-seeking. These results inform ways in which stigma around athlete mental health may be challenged, and implications for practice are discussed. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Match-play profile of elite rugby union, with special reference to repeated high-intensity effort activity (RHIE)

- Sheehan, Adam, Malone, Shane, Walters, Aled, Gabbett, Tim, Collins, Kieran

  • Authors: Sheehan, Adam , Malone, Shane , Walters, Aled , Gabbett, Tim , Collins, Kieran
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sport sciences for health Vol. 18, no. 3 (2022), p. 947-956
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  • Description: The current investigation aimed to understand the positional profile of repeated high-intensity-effort activity (RHIE) across halves during elite rugby union match-play. Forty elite rugby union players ( n  = 40) were monitored across match-play during a single season. Player’s locomotor profiles were recorded using wearable microtechnology (GPS Catapult S5, Australia). Locomotor activity was classified across total distance (m) running distance (m  ≥ 4.4 m s −1 ) high-speed running (≥ 5.5 m s −1 ) sprint distance (≥ 7 m s −1 ) accelerations (≥ 2 m s −2 ) decelerations (≤ − 2 m s −2 ) and collisions (≥ 4 g). Peak velocity (m s −1 ) total efforts ( n ) high-intensity efforts (HIE), repeated high-intensity efforts (RHIE), total number of RHIE bouts ( n ), maximal number of efforts within a RHIE bout ( n ) and recovery times between RHIE (s) were also recorded across match-play. Players were shown to complete 164 ± 30 HIE per game. Overall players performed 11 ± 6 RHIE bouts. The mean efforts per RHIE bout was 4 ± 1 with a maximum of 6 ± 2. RHIE positional differences were reported with back-rows completing the most total efforts when compared to all positions within the forwards (ES: 1.33–5.29 moderate–very large ). Significant reductions were reported between halves for all running and repeated effort variables. The data highlight the potential consideration that RHIE should be given by coaches when preparing players for rugby union match-play. An understanding of the positional differences in RHIE can assist coaches in designing training drills that can expose players to these match-play requirements.

Longitudinal analysis of stressors, stress, coping and coping effectiveness in elite esports athletes

- Poulus, Dylan, Coulter, Tristan, Trotter, Michael, Polman, Remco

  • Authors: Poulus, Dylan , Coulter, Tristan , Trotter, Michael , Polman, Remco
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Psychology of Sport and Exercise Vol. 60, no. (2022), p.
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  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Objective: The current study aimed to longitudinally examine the stressors, stress appraisal, coping, and coping effectiveness experienced by elite esports athletes. Design: Six elite male League of Legends (LoL) athletes, competing in the Oceanic Challenger Series (OCS), completed diaries over the 2020 competitive season (87 days). Method: Athletes completed weekly diaries after three events: solo training, team training, and competitive matches. Each diary collected data on the stressors experienced, stressor intensity and threat/challenge perception (appraisal), coping strategies used, and perceived coping effectiveness. Results: General performance, outcome, critical moment performance, and teammate mistakes accounted for 55% of the stressors reported. More stressors were reported in competitive diaries than in training diaries. Competitive stressors were rated as being more intense than training stressors. There were no differences in overall challenge and threat perception, but performance stressors were more likely to be perceived as a challenge, and teammate stressors were more likely to be perceived as a threat. Problem-focused coping (PFC) was the most frequently employed coping strategy. PFC and emotion-focused coping (EFC) strategies were perceived as more effective at reducing stress than avoidance coping (AC). Conclusions: Elite LoL athletes experienced a small number of reoccurring stressors over an 87-day competitive period. Athletes reported more stressors around competitive matches and perceived competitive stressors as more intense than team and solo training stressors. Similarly to traditional sports athletes, PFC strategies were the most frequently employed and, PFC and EFC were rated as being more effective than AC. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

A qualitative analysis of the perceived determinants of success in elite esports athletes

- Poulus, Dylan, Coulter, Tristan, Trotter, Michael, Polman, Remco

  • Authors: Poulus, Dylan , Coulter, Tristan , Trotter, Michael , Polman, Remco
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Sports Sciences Vol. 40, no. 7 (2022), p. 742-753
  • Full Text: false
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: The current study aimed to qualitatively investigate the perceived determinants of success in professional esports athletes. Guided by the bioecological model (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006), thematic analysis was used to explore elite esports athletes’ perceptions of success determinants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven elite esports athletes. The interviews were used to investigate players’ psychology when playing well, training in elite esports, and working in esports teams. Deductive and inductive analyses were conducted to capture the core themes of success in esports within the bioecological model. When playing well, elite esports athletes experienced high levels of confidence, uninterrupted focus, and flow states. Elite esport athletes use mental strategies to help regulate their emotions and remain mindful in the presence of “tilt”. Furthermore, breathing techniques and tactical breaks were used when players felt nervous or when trying to “reset” from a stressful situation. When working in elite esport teams, players reported using strategies to improve team cohesion and that the biggest challenge was interpersonal disagreements. The results contribute to the growing body of literature highlighting the psychological similarities between elite esports and traditional sports athletes and serve as an index for future research into high-performance in esports. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.