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North America’s metropolitan imaginaries

- Smith, Jeremy

  • Authors: Smith, Jeremy
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Social Imaginaries Vol. 4, no. 2 (2018), p. 43-69
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  • Description: Scholars of modernity have taken a particular interest in processes of urbanization and—thinking of Simmel, Benjamin, Mumford and Weber—the character of different varieties of city. From a different angle, notions of urban imaginary have gained greater purchase in the field of contemporary urban studies in comparative analysis of varieties of city. This essay begins with notes on both classical accounts of the city in social theory and current concepts of urban imaginaries. The notes revolve around the essay’s main topic: the institution of cities of New World, specifically those of the United States and Canada. Paralleling Castoriadis’ conception of the imaginary institution, the present author argues for a more exact notion of metropolitan imaginaries, differentiated from the broader subject of urban imaginaries. ‘Metropolitan imaginaries’ denotes processes of urbanization at the heart of networks of migration, transport, and flows of capital and culture. As part of larger imaginaries, metropolises generate immigrant cities. The specific kind of creation in question produces creativity also by concentrating intellectual and creative schools of design in architecture and visual culture. In sum, metropolises are not merely part of networks of connection and creation; they produce networks and act as the hubs of interaction and creativity within larger social imaginaries. The essay explores this argument in the contexts of US and Canadian modernity and state formation, with specific foci on New York, Chicago, and Toronto. The conclusion notes two limitations to the case presented here and sketches planned directions for future research.

Womens’ career progression in an Australian Regional University

- White, Kate, Goriss-Hunter, Anitra

  • Authors: White, Kate , Goriss-Hunter, Anitra
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Frontiers in Sociology Vol. 6, no. (2021), p.
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  • Description: This article examines the link between terms of employment (full time, part time and casual) at an Australian regional university and women’s career progression. The literature identifies lack of transparency in recruitment, promotion and retention; mobility and location; and management perceptions of women’s choice to work flexibly as factors impacting on career progression. However, the voices of women working in regional universities and particularly those of professional staff are often not present in current research. This study moves towards addressing this research deficit. Feminist institutionalism is used to analyse the relationship between national legislation, university policies and informal institutional practices in relation to women’s career progression In early 2020, twenty-one women provided written responses to questions on the link between terms of employment and career progression. The main findings tend to support other research about women working in universities; that is, carers need flexible work arrangements. But there are particular differences for women in regional universities who have to travel between dispersed campuses, which brings an added dimension of complexity to career progression. Their choices about terms of employment and fulfilling carer responsibilities resulted in insecure employment for some participants which had an impact on wellbeing and confidence. In addition, care/household responsibilities and the choice to work flexibly had a negative effect on career progression, and managers did not necessarily support flexible work options (despite national legislation that enables employees with child care responsibilities to negotiate flexible work arrangements with managers, and institutional gender equality policies). © Copyright © 2021 White and Goriss-Hunter.

Assessing adolescent spiritual health and well-being (commentary related to Social Science & Medicine - Population Health, ref: SSMPH-D-15-00089)

- Fisher, John

  • Authors: Fisher, John
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: SSM Population Health Vol. 2, no. (2016), p. 304-305
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  • Description: Over the last three decades, rapidly increasing interest has been shown, and a great growth has occurred in publications and new journals, related to assessing spiritual health and well-being. Most attention has been paid to university students (many of whom participate in research projects to gain credit points) and adults, many of whom have been in poor states of health. However, assessment of spiritual health of younger adolescents has received less attention, with pertinent publications in journals such as the International Journal of Children

Recovery from depression : re-envisioning the connection between recovery and spirituality

- Snider, Anne-Marie, Smith, Naomi

  • Authors: Snider, Anne-Marie , Smith, Naomi
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Mental Health and Social Inclusion Vol. 25, no. 1 (2021), p. 88-102
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  • Description: Purpose: This paper aims to respond to the following question: What does ongoing recovery from depression look like, and what role might spirituality have for individuals’ meanings of recovery if it has any meaning at all? Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the authors reconceptualize recovery from depression as ritual, as ongoing recovery, or recovery as a process, resonated with many of the 40 participants (all ages) from the study, and much of the sociological literature on recovery from depression (Fullagar and O’Brien, 2012; Garrett, 1997, 1998; Karp, 1994, 1996, 2016; O’Brien, 2012). To explore the interplay between participants’ accounts of recovery as ongoing, and the meanings of spirituality, the authors used a ritual analysis inspired by Collins (2004). Findings: From the accounts presented in this paper, the authors suggest that participants are, if subconsciously, using objects with a special or spiritual significance to filter through their thoughts and memories as a way to create what Collins (2004) calls an emotional charge. The authors argue that these emotional charges assist people with lived experiences of depression in distancing from, and reconnecting to, certain social ties, including a particular family member, friend or social group, as part of their recovery. The authors are calling this process, ritual distancing. Originality/value: Recovery from depression includes a process of reconnection to the self and others, and this process sometimes includes a self-defined spirituality (in objects and social connections). © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Men say “I love you” before women do : robust across several countries

- Watkins, Christopher, Bovet, Jeanne, Fernandez, Ana, Leongómez, Juan, Żelaźniewicz, Agnieszka, Corrêa Varella, Marco, Wagstaff, Danielle

  • Authors: Watkins, Christopher , Bovet, Jeanne , Fernandez, Ana , Leongómez, Juan , Żelaźniewicz, Agnieszka , Corrêa Varella, Marco , Wagstaff, Danielle
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Vol. 39, no. 7 (2022), p. 2134-2153
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  • Description: Feeling and expressing love is at the core of romantic relationships, but individuals differ in their proclivity to worry about their relationships and/or avoid intimacy. Saying “I love you” signals a commitment to a future with our romantic partner. Contrary to gender stereotypes, research in the United States demonstrates that men are more likely to confess love first. We aimed to replicate this sex difference in an online cross-national sample (seven countries, three continents), while testing for variation according to attachment style and environment (the national sex ratio). Men were more likely to confess love first in a relationship, with preliminary evidence that this was more likely when men had more choice (more female-biased sex ratio). Independent of biological sex, highly avoidant respondents were less happy to hear “I love you” than less avoidant respondents, and highly anxious respondents were happier to hear “I love you” than less anxious respondents. Our findings suggest that prior observations generalize beyond an ethnically homogenous sample and incorporate attachment theory into the study of love confessions. Our research suggests a dissociation between initial declarations of love (moderated by biological sex) and emotional responses to love confessions, moderated by attachment style but not by biological sex. © The Author(s) 2022.

A systematic quantitative literature review of empirical research on large-scale sport events’ social legacies

- Thomson, Alana, Kennelly, Millicent, Toohey, Kristine

  • Authors: Thomson, Alana , Kennelly, Millicent , Toohey, Kristine
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Leisure Studies Vol. 39, no. 6 (2020), p. 859-876
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  • Description: The potential to realise social legacies through hosting large-scale sport events has gained saliency in policy and academic contexts over the last decade. However, social legacies, such as enhanced civic pride, social inclusion, civic engagement, and quality of life remain largely under researched. This article presents findings from a systematic quantitative literature review of academic articles which empirically investigated social legacies and were published between 2000 and 2016. Seventy-seven articles were examined to find patterns and gaps in the research. Our findings show 34 social legacy types have been examined empirically. However, empirical research on social legacies comes from a limited number of geographic contexts, and the theories and methods employed to research such legacies are also limited, suggesting opportunities for innovation in future research designs. We highlight a role for leisure studies to contribute to richer understanding of social legacies. We also call for greater intentionality by researchers to consider what constitutes social legacy and more meaningful and unique ways to research social legacies and inform practice. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

The costs of risk and fear : a qualitative study of risk conceptualisations in allied health resource allocation decision-making

- Grant, Kellie, White, Jenni, Martin, Jennifer, Haines, Terry

  • Authors: Grant, Kellie , White, Jenni , Martin, Jennifer , Haines, Terry
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Health, Risk and Society Vol. 21, no. 7-8 (2019), p. 373-389
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  • Description: Over the past several decades, the paradigm of risk has become increasingly salient for understanding how health care is provided. In more recent years, we have seen an expanding body of literature raising concerns of possible harms that a focus on risk may carry. Despite considerable research interest in risk, relatively little is known about the construction of risk in contexts of allied health resource allocation decision-making. This article reports on qualitative research exploring how allied health leaders construct the concept of risk and how this influences resource allocation decision-making. Data are drawn from forums held in August and September 2014, with a total of 59 participants who occupied leadership roles in allied health in Australia. The findings highlight three domains of risk: resource, patient and organisational risk. Some domains of risk received more attention from participants and exerted greater influence on decision-making than others. Relative to the other domains, patient risk was not a core focus. Risk had a distinct emotive element and some domains of risk led participants to focus on catastrophic outcomes. Patient risk did not evoke emotive responses, whereas both resource and organisational risk did. It appears that perceived risk may be costly for health organisations, as it can be a primary driver underpinning resource allocation decisions. We explore the relative lack of attention to patient risk, the role of fear and anxiety in decision-making, and discuss implications of the impact of a focus on risk in wider society. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

The multiple modes of protesting live exports in Australia

- Mummery, Jane, Rodan, Debbie

  • Authors: Mummery, Jane , Rodan, Debbie
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Contention Vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), p. 49-65
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  • Description: Signaling dissatisfaction with particular events, policies, or situations, modes of protest encompass individual expressions through to the development and mobilization of social movements. Indeed, protests can range from bodies blocking space and time to the aggregation of clicked signatures in an online petition and the sharing of campaign content through social media. All of these modes are currently employed within the Australian public sphere to bring about change or closure of the live export industry. This article analyzes the current dimensions and flows of public protest against Australia’s live export industry, examining how they are shaped not only by a myriad of organizations but also by differing modes of protest, as well as by the different modes of appeal in use by activists to mobilize the Australian public sphere in protest. Through this discussion, insight is gained into some of the capacities and efficacies of multimodal protest and its significance for both public engagement and political and industry uptake. © 2020 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Academic Press. All rights reserved.

Understanding the role of positive body image during digital interventions for eating disorders : secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial

- Linardon, Jake, Tylka, Tracy, Burnette, C., Shatte, Adrian, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew

  • Authors: Linardon, Jake , Tylka, Tracy , Burnette, C. , Shatte, Adrian , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Body Image Vol. 43, no. (2022), p. 1-7
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  • Description: Despite growing interest in the possible link between positive body image and eating disorder (ED) symptoms, little is known about what role this adaptive construct plays in ED treatment. This study investigated whether: (1) interventions principally designed to target ED psychopathology also lead to improvements in positive body image indices (i.e., body appreciation, functionality appreciation, and body image flexibility); (2) changes in ED symptoms correlate with changes in positive body image, both concurrently and prospectively; and (3) baseline positive body image levels moderate the degree of symptom improvement. Secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial on digital interventions for EDs (n=600) were conducted. Intervention participants reported greater increases in the three positive body image constructs than the control group (ds=0.15-0.41). Greater pre-post reductions in ED psychopathology and binge eating were associated with greater pre-post improvements in positive body image indices. However, earlier reductions in ED psychopathology and binge eating did not predict later improvements in positive body image at follow-up. None of the positive body image constructs at baseline moderated degree of symptom change. Standard ED interventions can cultivate a more positive body image, although this is not explained by earlier symptom reduction. Understanding the mechanisms through which ED interventions enhance positive body image is needed. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

The historic to contemporary challenges among international medical graduates seeking to practise in Australia

- Terry, Daniel, Hoang, Ha, Peck, Blake, Lê, Quynh

  • Authors: Terry, Daniel , Hoang, Ha , Peck, Blake , Lê, Quynh
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Health and history Vol. 23, no. 1 (2021), p. 61-78
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  • Description: Recruitment of International medical graduates (IMGs) continues to be central to health workforce planning in Australia with the highest number of IMGs per capita globally. Australia's effort to increase IMG numbers is due to shortages and poor distribution of health workforce caused in the 1990s, however there is a need to consider the historical contexts that have embedded IMG recruitment and movement. Using primary and secondary sources of data, this paper examines history to help understand the circumstances and issues surrounding IMGs in contemporary Australia as it grapples with meeting the ever-growing demand for IMGs, particularly in rural areas where the greatest health disadvantage occurs. The analysis reveals that despite Australia's reliance on IMGs, as a group they encounter ongoing stigma, anti-competitive behaviour, public debate, and embargos.

Dispositional optimism and suicide among trans and gender diverse adults

- Snooks, Matthew Paul, McLaren, Suzanne

  • Authors: Snooks, Matthew Paul , McLaren, Suzanne
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Journal article
  • Relation: Death Studies Vol. 46, no. 8 (2022), p. 1954-1962
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  • Description: Trans and gender diverse adults are at increased suicide risk. Optimism protects against suicide across multiple populations. Applying the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS), we examined both factors among 237 adults recruited via social media and online platforms, 79.3% of whom reported serious suicide ideation. Dispositional optimism predicted suicidal ideation and behaviors (SIB), but did not moderate the relationship between the IPTS components and SIB. After controlling for depressive symptoms, hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery did not predict SIB. Promoting dispositional optimism within a therapeutic framework may reduce SIB in this vulnerable population.

Drivers and patterns of early retirement in the neoliberal university

- Taylor, Philip, Gringart, Eyal, Webb, Eileen, Carnemolla, Phillippa, Drake, Deidre, Oppert, Michelle, Harvey, Robin

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Gringart, Eyal , Webb, Eileen , Carnemolla, Phillippa , Drake, Deidre , Oppert, Michelle , Harvey, Robin
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Economic and Labour Relations Review Vol. 33, no. 4 (2022), p. 715-736
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  • Description: This article increases understanding of university labour processes. The antecedents and characteristics of early retirement schemes implemented by Australian universities between 2010 and 2020 were considered. Twenty-eight schemes were identified across 20 universities. Content analysis of descriptions of the schemes contained in official documents was undertaken. This revealed somewhat common justifications for the schemes, linked to concerns about organisational sustainability/resilience in the face of external threats and the implementation of modernising efforts. Such justifications appeared to be underpinned by similar ageist biases on the part of management. Despite this broad commonality, however, the schemes manifested a multifurcation of possible work-retirement pathways across institutions. Such reorganisation of labour processes, based on ageist representations that potentially place established workers in conflict with others, represents an incongruence between the market-oriented objectives of universities and areas of public policy responding to workforce ageing. It is argued that drawing momentum from emerging conceptions of sustainability and current diversity initiatives such as Athena Swan and Age Friendly Universities it may be possible to sever the link university leadership perceive between the divestment of older workers and the fulfilment of modernising agendas. © The Author(s) 2022.

Critical measurement issues in the assessment of social media influence on body image

- Jarman, Hannah, McLean, Sian, Griffiths, Scott, Teague, Samantha, Rodgers, Rachel, Paxton, Susan, Austen, Emma, Harris, Emily, Steward, Trevor, Shatte, Adrian, Khanh-Dao Le, Long, Anwar, Tarique, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Parker, Alexandra, Yager, Zali, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew

  • Authors: Jarman, Hannah , McLean, Sian , Griffiths, Scott , Teague, Samantha , Rodgers, Rachel , Paxton, Susan , Austen, Emma , Harris, Emily , Steward, Trevor , Shatte, Adrian , Khanh-Dao Le, Long , Anwar, Tarique , Mihalopoulos, Cathrine , Parker, Alexandra , Yager, Zali , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Body Image Vol. 40, no. (2022), p. 225-236
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  • Description: Progress towards understanding how social media impacts body image hinges on the use of appropriate measurement tools and methodologies. This review provides an overview of common (qualitative, self-report survey, lab-based experiments) and emerging (momentary assessment, computational) methodological approaches to the exploration of the impact of social media on body image. The potential of these methodologies is detailed, with examples illustrating current use as well as opportunities for expansion. A key theme from our review is that each methodology has provided insights for the body image research field, yet is insufficient in isolation to fully capture the nuance and complexity of social media experiences. Thus, in consideration of gaps in methodology, we emphasise the need for big picture thinking that leverages and combines the strengths of each of these methodologies to yield a more comprehensive, nuanced, and robust picture of the positive and negative impacts of social media. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Quality of life and loneliness post-bereavement : results from a nationwide survey of bereaved older adults

- Engel, Lidia, Brijnath, Bianca, Chong, Terence, Hills, Danny, Hjorth, Larissa, Loi, Samantha, Majmudar, Ishani, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Gerber, Katrin

  • Authors: Engel, Lidia , Brijnath, Bianca , Chong, Terence , Hills, Danny , Hjorth, Larissa , Loi, Samantha , Majmudar, Ishani , Mihalopoulos, Cathrine , Gerber, Katrin
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Death Studies Vol. 47, no. 9 (2023), p. 994-1005
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  • Description: Older people experience bereavements more often than any other age group. National survey data collected across Australia from 633 bereaved adults aged 65+ years showed that 21% met the criteria for prolonged grief. Their quality of life was significantly lower and loneliness significantly higher compared to older people in the general population. Risk factors for the low quality of life and high loneliness post-bereavement included being female, experiencing the death of a partner, and being the full-time carer of the deceased. Time since bereavement, expectedness, and cause of death were not significantly associated with quality of life and loneliness. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Healing, faith and fear : church opening in the United States during COVID-19 restrictions

- Smith, Naomi, Snider, Anne-Marie

  • Authors: Smith, Naomi , Snider, Anne-Marie
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Contemporary Religion Vol. 38, no. 2 (2023), p. 283-304
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  • Description: This article examines how resistance to stay-at-home orders was framed to congregants through sermons and in statements to media outlets. Using an approach informed by grounded theory, we analysed news articles of church behaviour and the YouTube videos of sermons from pastors that protested against COVID-19 guidelines from March 2020 to November 2020. We also draw on legal filings to identify churches that most actively resisted closures. In analysing these publicly available data, a relationship between church openings in the United States and an evangelical theology of resistance particular to non-denominational churches to public health efforts emerged. Our analysis found that ‘largely evangelical’ churches that are not considered part of a mainline evangelical denomination were more likely to seek ways to remain open in defiance of public health orders. We use the terms ‘largely evangelical’ and ‘mainline evangelical’ to distinguish these two very different denominational families. Evidence from this article suggests that evangelical Christian churches in the US that are not considered ‘mainline evangelical’ denominations (e.g. non-denominational, Pentecostal) were more likely to resist stay-at-home orders and more prepared to be legally active in resisting such policies and gather indoors (as opposed to Catholic churches and ‘mainline evangelical’ denominations). © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Young surfers finding their wave: telling the tale of enskilment in surf places

- Prins, Alex, Wattchow, Brian

  • Authors: Prins, Alex , Wattchow, Brian
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Leisure Studies Vol. 42, no. 2 (2023), p. 268-281
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  • Description: This paper seeks to contribute to the growing body of literature focused on the recreational activity of surfing. Investigations into how young people learn to surf are rare, particularly those that focus on the pedagogical aspects involved in learning the practical ‘know-how’ required to surf in particular places and under specific environmental conditions (tide, wind, swell, currents, terrain). How do young people learn where and when a break will be worth a surf? When to duck dive under a broken wave or when to paddle further out? Recent research suggests that a process of enskilment, a form of knowledgeable practice, may provide pedagogical insights into how young people are developing the practical know-how to be able to surf skilfully and safely in particular places. This research used narrative methodology as an alternative way to investigate and represent these complex (and often tacit) aspects of a human learning experience, and findings are presented in the form of a set of short stories. This paper draws from that research to provide important insights into the phenomenon of how young people learn to surf with the intention of improving formal coastal experiences such as those in the leisure and education fields. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Age management for the common good

- Taylor, Philip, Earl, Catherine

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Economic and Labour Relations Review Vol. 34, no. 1 (2023), p. 179-188
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  • Description: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and amid the present reconfiguring of corporate purpose, there is an opportunity to realign actions focused on prolonging working lives. We put forward a transformative agenda concerned with workforce ageing that aligns with contemporary expectations regarding sustainability, inequality, and emerging conceptualisations of management. In this article, the new concept of Common Good human resource management (HRM) is utilised as a potential means of encouraging business responses focused on grand challenges such as population ageing. We suggest how these principles might be applied to the issue of managing age in workplaces, to recast debate about issues of age and work, to be used as an advocacy tool encouraging employer engagement, while providing a framework that might direct organisational leadership. © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of UNSW Canberra.

An eco-systems approach to climate impacts on farmer wellbeing in Konya Closed Basin

- Martin, Jennifer, Bozdemir, Fatih, Sheikh, Ahaduzzaman

  • Authors: Martin, Jennifer , Bozdemir, Fatih , Sheikh, Ahaduzzaman
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Community and Social Development Vol. 2, no. 4 (2020), p. 394-408
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  • Description: The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of climate change on the wellbeing of farmers in Konya, Turkey. An ecosystems approach was adopted to take a holistic view of the range of inter-related ecological factors. A focus was on psychological and social impacts with a comparison of impacts on farmers engaged in traditional agriculture and those who had adopted conservation agriculture farming practices. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with farmers and agricultural workers to gain an increased understanding of the impact of climate change on their wellbeing. The study found that all farmers were under considerable psychological stress and that the introduction of new farming practices such as conservation agriculture led to increased stress in the early stages of adoption. Implications for the psychological and social support of farmers, particularly in the early stages of adoption of new farming practices are highlighted. © 2021 SAGE Publications.
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