Cohort profile : the Australian genetics of depression study
- Byrne, Enda, Kirk, Katherine, Medland, Sarah, McGrath, John, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Parker, Richard, Cross, Simone, Sullivan, Lenore, Statham, Dixie, Levinson, Douglas, Licinio, Julio, Wray, Naomi, Hickie, Ian, Martin, Nicholas
- Authors: Byrne, Enda , Kirk, Katherine , Medland, Sarah , McGrath, John , Colodro-Conde, Lucia , Parker, Richard , Cross, Simone , Sullivan, Lenore , Statham, Dixie , Levinson, Douglas , Licinio, Julio , Wray, Naomi , Hickie, Ian , Martin, Nicholas
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMJ Open Vol. 10, no. 5 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder and the largest contributor to global disability. The Australian Genetics of Depression study was established to recruit a large cohort of individuals who have been diagnosed with depression at some point in their lifetime. The purpose of establishing this cohort is to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for depression and response to commonly prescribed antidepressants. Participants A total of 20 689 participants were recruited through the Australian Department of Human Services and a media campaign, 75% of whom were female. The average age of participants was 43 years±15 years. Participants completed an online questionnaire that consisted of a compulsory module that assessed self-reported psychiatric history, clinical depression using the Composite Interview Diagnostic Interview Short Form and experiences of using commonly prescribed antidepressants. Further voluntary modules assessed a wide range of traits of relevance to psychopathology. Participants who reported they were willing to provide a DNA sample (75%) were sent a saliva kit in the mail. Findings to date 95% of participants reported being given a diagnosis of depression by a medical practitioner and 88% met the criteria for a lifetime depressive episode. 68% of the sample report having been diagnosed with another psychiatric disorder in addition to depression. In line with findings from clinical trials, only 33% of the sample report responding well to the first antidepressant they were prescribed. Future plans A number of analyses to investigate the genetic architecture of depression and common comorbidities will be conducted. The cohort will contribute to the global effort to identify genetic variants that increase risk to depression. Furthermore, a thorough investigation of genetic and psychosocial predictors of antidepressant response and side effects is planned. © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
- Authors: Byrne, Enda , Kirk, Katherine , Medland, Sarah , McGrath, John , Colodro-Conde, Lucia , Parker, Richard , Cross, Simone , Sullivan, Lenore , Statham, Dixie , Levinson, Douglas , Licinio, Julio , Wray, Naomi , Hickie, Ian , Martin, Nicholas
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMJ Open Vol. 10, no. 5 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder and the largest contributor to global disability. The Australian Genetics of Depression study was established to recruit a large cohort of individuals who have been diagnosed with depression at some point in their lifetime. The purpose of establishing this cohort is to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for depression and response to commonly prescribed antidepressants. Participants A total of 20 689 participants were recruited through the Australian Department of Human Services and a media campaign, 75% of whom were female. The average age of participants was 43 years±15 years. Participants completed an online questionnaire that consisted of a compulsory module that assessed self-reported psychiatric history, clinical depression using the Composite Interview Diagnostic Interview Short Form and experiences of using commonly prescribed antidepressants. Further voluntary modules assessed a wide range of traits of relevance to psychopathology. Participants who reported they were willing to provide a DNA sample (75%) were sent a saliva kit in the mail. Findings to date 95% of participants reported being given a diagnosis of depression by a medical practitioner and 88% met the criteria for a lifetime depressive episode. 68% of the sample report having been diagnosed with another psychiatric disorder in addition to depression. In line with findings from clinical trials, only 33% of the sample report responding well to the first antidepressant they were prescribed. Future plans A number of analyses to investigate the genetic architecture of depression and common comorbidities will be conducted. The cohort will contribute to the global effort to identify genetic variants that increase risk to depression. Furthermore, a thorough investigation of genetic and psychosocial predictors of antidepressant response and side effects is planned. © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Compliance of smokeless tobacco supply chain actors and products with tobacco control laws in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan : protocol for a multicentre sequential mixed-methods study
- Khan, Zohaib, Huque, Rumana, Sheikh, Aziz, Readshaw, Anne, Eckhardt, Jappe, Jackson, Cath, Kanaan, Mona, Iqbal, Romaina, Akhter, Zohaib, Garg, Suneela, Singh, Mongjam, Ahmad, Fayaz, Abdullah, S.M., Javaid, Arshad, A Khan, Javaid, Han, Lu, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Siddiqi, Kamran
- Authors: Khan, Zohaib , Huque, Rumana , Sheikh, Aziz , Readshaw, Anne , Eckhardt, Jappe , Jackson, Cath , Kanaan, Mona , Iqbal, Romaina , Akhter, Zohaib , Garg, Suneela , Singh, Mongjam , Ahmad, Fayaz , Abdullah, S.M. , Javaid, Arshad , A Khan, Javaid , Han, Lu , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Siddiqi, Kamran
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMJ Open Vol. 10, no. 6 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction South Asia is home to more than 300 million smokeless tobacco (ST) users. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan as signatories to the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) have developed policies aimed at curbing the use of tobacco. The objective of this study is to assess the compliance of ST point-of-sale (POS) vendors and the supply chain with the articles of the FCTC and specifically with national tobacco control laws. We also aim to assess disparities in compliance with tobacco control laws between ST and smoked tobacco products. Methods and analysis The study will be carried out at two sites each in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. We will conduct a sequential mixed-methods study with five components: (1) mapping of ST POS, (2) analyses of ST samples packaging, (3) observation, (4) survey interviews of POS and (5) in-depth interviews with wholesale dealers/suppliers/manufacturers of ST. We aim to conduct at least 300 POS survey interviews and observations, and 6-10 in-depth interviews in each of the three countries. Data collection will be done by trained data collectors. The main statistical analysis will report the frequencies and proportions of shops that comply with the FCTC and local tobacco control policies, and provide a 95% CI of these estimates. The qualitative in-depth interview data will be analysed using the framework approach. The findings will be connected, each component informing the focus and/or design of the next component. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approvals for the study have been received from the Health Sciences Research Governance Committee at the University of York, UK. In-country approvals were taken from the National Bioethics Committee in Pakistan, the Bangladesh Medical Research Council and the Indian Medical Research Council. Our results will be disseminated via scientific conferences, peer-reviewed research publications and press releases. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
- Description: National Institute for Health Research, NIHR [ASTRA (Grant Reference Number 17/63/76)].
- Authors: Khan, Zohaib , Huque, Rumana , Sheikh, Aziz , Readshaw, Anne , Eckhardt, Jappe , Jackson, Cath , Kanaan, Mona , Iqbal, Romaina , Akhter, Zohaib , Garg, Suneela , Singh, Mongjam , Ahmad, Fayaz , Abdullah, S.M. , Javaid, Arshad , A Khan, Javaid , Han, Lu , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Siddiqi, Kamran
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMJ Open Vol. 10, no. 6 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction South Asia is home to more than 300 million smokeless tobacco (ST) users. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan as signatories to the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) have developed policies aimed at curbing the use of tobacco. The objective of this study is to assess the compliance of ST point-of-sale (POS) vendors and the supply chain with the articles of the FCTC and specifically with national tobacco control laws. We also aim to assess disparities in compliance with tobacco control laws between ST and smoked tobacco products. Methods and analysis The study will be carried out at two sites each in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. We will conduct a sequential mixed-methods study with five components: (1) mapping of ST POS, (2) analyses of ST samples packaging, (3) observation, (4) survey interviews of POS and (5) in-depth interviews with wholesale dealers/suppliers/manufacturers of ST. We aim to conduct at least 300 POS survey interviews and observations, and 6-10 in-depth interviews in each of the three countries. Data collection will be done by trained data collectors. The main statistical analysis will report the frequencies and proportions of shops that comply with the FCTC and local tobacco control policies, and provide a 95% CI of these estimates. The qualitative in-depth interview data will be analysed using the framework approach. The findings will be connected, each component informing the focus and/or design of the next component. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approvals for the study have been received from the Health Sciences Research Governance Committee at the University of York, UK. In-country approvals were taken from the National Bioethics Committee in Pakistan, the Bangladesh Medical Research Council and the Indian Medical Research Council. Our results will be disseminated via scientific conferences, peer-reviewed research publications and press releases. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
- Description: National Institute for Health Research, NIHR [ASTRA (Grant Reference Number 17/63/76)].
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »