Reduced renal function may explain the higher prevalence of hyperuricemia in older people
- Wang, Yutang, Zhang, Wanlin, Qian, Tingting, Sun, Hui, Xu, Qun, Hou, Xujuan, Hu, Wenqi, Zhang, Guang, Drummond, Grant, Sobey, Chris, Charchar, Fadi, Golledge, Jonathan, Yang, Guang
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Zhang, Wanlin , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Drummond, Grant , Sobey, Chris , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan , Yang, Guang
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Scientific Reports Vol. 11, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
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- Description: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of renal dysfunction to enhanced hyperuricemia prevalence in older people. A cohort of 13,288 Chinese people aged between 40 and 95 years were recruited from January to May 2019. Serum uric acid concentration and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] were measured. The associations between age or eGFR and serum uric acid or hyperuricemia were analyzed using linear or binary logistic regression adjusting for risk factors. Uric acid concentration and prevalence of hyperuricemia were greater in older participants. Adjustment for reduced renal function (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) eliminated the associations between older age and higher uric acid concentration and between older age and higher prevalence of hyperuricemia diagnosis, whereas adjustment for other risk factors did not change those associations. Lower eGFR was associated with higher uric acid concentration both before (β = − 0.296, P < 0.001) and after adjustment for age (β = − 0.313, P < 0.001). Reduced renal function was associated with hyperuricemia diagnosis both before (odds ratio, OR, 3.64; 95% CI 3.10–4.28; P < 0.001) and after adjustment for age (adjusted OR, 3.82; 95% CI 3.22–4.54; P < 0.001). Mean serum uric acid and prevalence of hyperuricemia were higher in people with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than those with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The prevalence of reduced renal function increased with older age (P < 0.001). This study suggests that reduced renal function can explain the increased uric acid levels and hyperuricemia diagnoses in older people. © 2021, The Author(s).
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Zhang, Wanlin , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Drummond, Grant , Sobey, Chris , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan , Yang, Guang
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Scientific Reports Vol. 11, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of renal dysfunction to enhanced hyperuricemia prevalence in older people. A cohort of 13,288 Chinese people aged between 40 and 95 years were recruited from January to May 2019. Serum uric acid concentration and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] were measured. The associations between age or eGFR and serum uric acid or hyperuricemia were analyzed using linear or binary logistic regression adjusting for risk factors. Uric acid concentration and prevalence of hyperuricemia were greater in older participants. Adjustment for reduced renal function (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) eliminated the associations between older age and higher uric acid concentration and between older age and higher prevalence of hyperuricemia diagnosis, whereas adjustment for other risk factors did not change those associations. Lower eGFR was associated with higher uric acid concentration both before (β = − 0.296, P < 0.001) and after adjustment for age (β = − 0.313, P < 0.001). Reduced renal function was associated with hyperuricemia diagnosis both before (odds ratio, OR, 3.64; 95% CI 3.10–4.28; P < 0.001) and after adjustment for age (adjusted OR, 3.82; 95% CI 3.22–4.54; P < 0.001). Mean serum uric acid and prevalence of hyperuricemia were higher in people with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than those with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The prevalence of reduced renal function increased with older age (P < 0.001). This study suggests that reduced renal function can explain the increased uric acid levels and hyperuricemia diagnoses in older people. © 2021, The Author(s).
An improved 3-(4,5-dmethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl )-2H-tetrazolium proliferation assay to overcome the interference of hydralazine
- Wang, Yutang, Nguyen, Dinh, Yang, Guang, Anesi, Jack, Chai, Zhonglin, Charchar, Fadi, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Yang, Guang , Anesi, Jack , Chai, Zhonglin , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Assay and Drug Development Technologies Vol. 18, no. 8 (Dec 2020), p. 379-384
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
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- Description: The MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay is one of the most commonly used assays to assess cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, but is subject to interference by testing compounds. Hydralazine, an antihypertensive drug, is commonly investigated in multiple fields such as heart failure, cancer, and blood pressure research. This study reported interference of the MTS assay by hydralazine and a simple modification overcoming this interference. Vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured in the presence or absence of hydralazine (0, 10, 50,100, and 500 mu M) for 2 or 24 h. Cell numbers were analyzed using MTS, trypan blue exclusion, or microscopic assays. A modified version of the standard MTS assay was established, in which an additional step was added replacing the test medium, containing hydralazine, with fresh culture medium immediately before the addition of the MTS reagent. Culture with hydralazine at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 mu M for 2 h increased absorbance (p< 0.05) in the standard MTS assay, whereas microscopy suggested no change in cell numbers. Culture with 500 mu m hydralazine for 24 h increased absorbance (p< 0.05) in the standard MTS assay, however, trypan blue exclusion and microscopy suggested a decrease in cell numbers. In a cell-free system, hydralazine (>= 10 mu M) increased absorbance in a concentration-dependent manner. The modified MTS assay produced results consistent with trypan blue exclusion and microscopy. In conclusion, a simple modification of the standard MTS assay overcame the interference of hydralazine and may be useful to avoid interference from other tested compounds.
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Yang, Guang , Anesi, Jack , Chai, Zhonglin , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Assay and Drug Development Technologies Vol. 18, no. 8 (Dec 2020), p. 379-384
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay is one of the most commonly used assays to assess cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, but is subject to interference by testing compounds. Hydralazine, an antihypertensive drug, is commonly investigated in multiple fields such as heart failure, cancer, and blood pressure research. This study reported interference of the MTS assay by hydralazine and a simple modification overcoming this interference. Vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured in the presence or absence of hydralazine (0, 10, 50,100, and 500 mu M) for 2 or 24 h. Cell numbers were analyzed using MTS, trypan blue exclusion, or microscopic assays. A modified version of the standard MTS assay was established, in which an additional step was added replacing the test medium, containing hydralazine, with fresh culture medium immediately before the addition of the MTS reagent. Culture with hydralazine at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 mu M for 2 h increased absorbance (p< 0.05) in the standard MTS assay, whereas microscopy suggested no change in cell numbers. Culture with 500 mu m hydralazine for 24 h increased absorbance (p< 0.05) in the standard MTS assay, however, trypan blue exclusion and microscopy suggested a decrease in cell numbers. In a cell-free system, hydralazine (>= 10 mu M) increased absorbance in a concentration-dependent manner. The modified MTS assay produced results consistent with trypan blue exclusion and microscopy. In conclusion, a simple modification of the standard MTS assay overcame the interference of hydralazine and may be useful to avoid interference from other tested compounds.
Fasting triglycerides are positively associated with cardiovascular mortality risk in people with diabetes
- Wang, Yutang, Fang, Yan, Magliano, Dianna, Charchar, Fadi, Sobey, Christopher, Drummond, Grant, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Fang, Yan , Magliano, Dianna , Charchar, Fadi , Sobey, Christopher , Drummond, Grant , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cardiovascular Research Vol. 119, no. 3 (2023), p. 826-834
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
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- Description: Aims We investigated the association of fasting triglycerides with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods and results This cohort study included US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2014. CVD mortality outcomes were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of triglycerides for CVD mortality. The cohort included 26 570 adult participants, among which 3978 had diabetes. People with higher triglycerides had a higher prevalence of diabetes at baseline. The cohort was followed up for a mean of 12.0 years with 1492 CVD deaths recorded. A 1-natural-log-unit higher triglyceride was associated with a 30% higher multivariate-adjusted risk of CVD mortality in participants with diabetes (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.08–1.56) but not in those without diabetes (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83–1.07). In participants with diabetes, people with high triglycerides (200–499 mg/dL) had a 44% (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12–1.85) higher multivariate-adjusted risk of CVD mortality compared with those with normal triglycerides (<150 mg/dL). The findings remained significant when diabetes was defined by fasting glucose levels alone, or after further adjustment for the use of lipid-lowering medications, or after the exclusion of those who took lipid-lowering medications. Conclusion This study demonstrates that fasting triglycerides of
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Fang, Yan , Magliano, Dianna , Charchar, Fadi , Sobey, Christopher , Drummond, Grant , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Cardiovascular Research Vol. 119, no. 3 (2023), p. 826-834
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aims We investigated the association of fasting triglycerides with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods and results This cohort study included US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2014. CVD mortality outcomes were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of triglycerides for CVD mortality. The cohort included 26 570 adult participants, among which 3978 had diabetes. People with higher triglycerides had a higher prevalence of diabetes at baseline. The cohort was followed up for a mean of 12.0 years with 1492 CVD deaths recorded. A 1-natural-log-unit higher triglyceride was associated with a 30% higher multivariate-adjusted risk of CVD mortality in participants with diabetes (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.08–1.56) but not in those without diabetes (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83–1.07). In participants with diabetes, people with high triglycerides (200–499 mg/dL) had a 44% (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12–1.85) higher multivariate-adjusted risk of CVD mortality compared with those with normal triglycerides (<150 mg/dL). The findings remained significant when diabetes was defined by fasting glucose levels alone, or after further adjustment for the use of lipid-lowering medications, or after the exclusion of those who took lipid-lowering medications. Conclusion This study demonstrates that fasting triglycerides of
Adjustment for body mass index changes inverse associations of HDL-cholesterol with blood pressure and hypertension to positive associations
- Yang, Guang, Qian, Tingting, Sun, Hui, Xu, Qun, Hou, Xujuan, Hu, Wenqi, Zhang, Guang, Drummond, Grant, Sobey, Christopher, Witting, Paul, Denton, Kate, Charchar, Fadi, Golledge, Jonathan, Wang, Yutang
- Authors: Yang, Guang , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Drummond, Grant , Sobey, Christopher , Witting, Paul , Denton, Kate , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan , Wang, Yutang
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 36, no. 6 (2022), p. 570-579
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
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- Description: The associations between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood pressure (BP) or hypertension are inconsistent in previous studies. This study aimed to assess these associations in a large cohort of Chinese adults and across different age groups. This cross-sectional association study included 22,081 Chinese adults. Associations of HDL-C with BP and hypertension were analyzed using linear or logistic regression, with or without adjustment for confounding factors. HDL-C was inversely associated with BP and hypertension. These associations were still apparent after adjustment for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Sub-analyses revealed: (1) in the whole cohort and females alone, HDL-C was inversely associated with BP and hypertension in young and middle-aged but not older participants; (2) in males alone, HDL-C was not associated with systolic BP or hypertension. However, HDL-C was either inversely, or not, or positively associated with BP in young, middle-aged, and older males, respectively. After further adjustment for body mass index (BMI), the negative associations of HDL-C with BP and hypertension in the whole cohort became positive ones, and the positive associations only presented in males. These findings suggest that further adjustment for BMI changes inverse associations of HDL-cholesterol with BP and hypertension to positive associations in a cohort of Chinese adults. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
- Authors: Yang, Guang , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Drummond, Grant , Sobey, Christopher , Witting, Paul , Denton, Kate , Charchar, Fadi , Golledge, Jonathan , Wang, Yutang
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 36, no. 6 (2022), p. 570-579
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The associations between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood pressure (BP) or hypertension are inconsistent in previous studies. This study aimed to assess these associations in a large cohort of Chinese adults and across different age groups. This cross-sectional association study included 22,081 Chinese adults. Associations of HDL-C with BP and hypertension were analyzed using linear or logistic regression, with or without adjustment for confounding factors. HDL-C was inversely associated with BP and hypertension. These associations were still apparent after adjustment for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Sub-analyses revealed: (1) in the whole cohort and females alone, HDL-C was inversely associated with BP and hypertension in young and middle-aged but not older participants; (2) in males alone, HDL-C was not associated with systolic BP or hypertension. However, HDL-C was either inversely, or not, or positively associated with BP in young, middle-aged, and older males, respectively. After further adjustment for body mass index (BMI), the negative associations of HDL-C with BP and hypertension in the whole cohort became positive ones, and the positive associations only presented in males. These findings suggest that further adjustment for BMI changes inverse associations of HDL-cholesterol with BP and hypertension to positive associations in a cohort of Chinese adults. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
Moxonidine increases uptake of oxidised low-density lipoprotein in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
- Wang, Yutang, Nguyen, Dinh, Anesi, Jack, Alramahi, Ahmed, Witting, Paul, Chai, Zhonglin, Khan, Abdul, Kelly, Jason, Denton, Kate, Golledge, Jonathan
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Anesi, Jack , Alramahi, Ahmed , Witting, Paul , Chai, Zhonglin , Khan, Abdul , Kelly, Jason , Denton, Kate , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 4 (2023), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
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- Description: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sympatholytic drug moxonidine on atherosclerosis. The effects of moxonidine on oxidised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, inflammatory gene expression and cellular migration were investigated in vitro in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis was measured by examining aortic arch Sudan IV staining and quantifying the intima-to-media ratio of the left common carotid artery in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Nguyen, Dinh , Anesi, Jack , Alramahi, Ahmed , Witting, Paul , Chai, Zhonglin , Khan, Abdul , Kelly, Jason , Denton, Kate , Golledge, Jonathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 4 (2023), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
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- Description: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sympatholytic drug moxonidine on atherosclerosis. The effects of moxonidine on oxidised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, inflammatory gene expression and cellular migration were investigated in vitro in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The effect of moxonidine on atherosclerosis was measured by examining aortic arch Sudan IV staining and quantifying the intima-to-media ratio of the left common carotid artery in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE
Hypouricemia is a risk factor for diabetes in Chinese adults
- Wang, Yutang, Shao, Yanan, Qian, Tingting, Sun, Hui, Xu, Qun, Hou, Xujuan, Hu, Wenqi, Zhang, Guang, Song, David, Fang, Yan, Magliano, Dianna, Witting, Paul, Golledge, Jonathan, Yang, Guang
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Shao, Yanan , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Song, David , Fang, Yan , Magliano, Dianna , Witting, Paul , Golledge, Jonathan , Yang, Guang
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Obesity Medicine Vol. 31, no. (2022), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
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- Description: Aims: It is unknown whether low serum uric acid (hypouricemia) is associated with diabetes diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate this association in Chinese adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 22,546 Chinese adults. The reference interval for serum uric acid was determined in a sub-group of healthy individuals. The association between hypouricemia and diabetes was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: The serum uric acid reference intervals were 3.78–8.31 mg/dL for males and 2.76–6.24 mg/dL for females. Hypouricemia was defined as serum uric acid concentration <3.78 mg/dL for males and <2.76 mg/dL for females. Hypouricemia was associated with an increased likelihood of diabetes diagnosis in both unadjusted (odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–2.79) and risk factor adjusted (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 2.08–3.43) analyses. In a sub-group analysis, hypouricemia was significantly independently associated with an increased likelihood of diabetes diagnosis in males but not females. Conclusion: This study suggests that hypouricemia is independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes diagnosis. The findings should be validated in prospective cohort studies. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
- Authors: Wang, Yutang , Shao, Yanan , Qian, Tingting , Sun, Hui , Xu, Qun , Hou, Xujuan , Hu, Wenqi , Zhang, Guang , Song, David , Fang, Yan , Magliano, Dianna , Witting, Paul , Golledge, Jonathan , Yang, Guang
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Obesity Medicine Vol. 31, no. (2022), p.
- Relation: https://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1062671
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aims: It is unknown whether low serum uric acid (hypouricemia) is associated with diabetes diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate this association in Chinese adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 22,546 Chinese adults. The reference interval for serum uric acid was determined in a sub-group of healthy individuals. The association between hypouricemia and diabetes was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: The serum uric acid reference intervals were 3.78–8.31 mg/dL for males and 2.76–6.24 mg/dL for females. Hypouricemia was defined as serum uric acid concentration <3.78 mg/dL for males and <2.76 mg/dL for females. Hypouricemia was associated with an increased likelihood of diabetes diagnosis in both unadjusted (odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–2.79) and risk factor adjusted (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 2.08–3.43) analyses. In a sub-group analysis, hypouricemia was significantly independently associated with an increased likelihood of diabetes diagnosis in males but not females. Conclusion: This study suggests that hypouricemia is independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes diagnosis. The findings should be validated in prospective cohort studies. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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