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The socio-economic and physical contributors to food insecurity in a rural community

- Lê, Quynh, Auckland, Stuart, Nguyen, Hoang, Murray, Sandra, Long, Gretchen, Terry, Daniel

  • Authors: Lê, Quynh , Auckland, Stuart , Nguyen, Hoang , Murray, Sandra , Long, Gretchen , Terry, Daniel
  • Date: 2015
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: SAGE Open Vol. 5, no. 1 (2015), p.
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  • Description: Australia is considered a highly food-secure nation; however, this is not always the case for every individual, household, and community. This article examines the physical and financial access to food of the population of Dorset, a rural municipality in North East Tasmania (Australia); the impact that socio-economic factors have on their food security; and the coping strategies they use when food shortages occur. A mixed-methods approach was used: Quantitative data were collected through the Tasmanian Household Food Security Survey and qualitative data through nine community focus groups conducted throughout the Dorset municipality. A total of 364 respondents (response rate 63%) completed the survey. Two main themes were identified within the data: food availability and food access. Food availability considered food origin, sustainability, and food production, whereas food access considered physical access, financial access, and other access issues such as awareness, skills, cultural preferences, and social support. The data revealed the wide-ranging effects of the importation of cheaper food alternatives, which had long-term implications not only on individuals' health but also on the economic health of the community. A number of respondents indicated they were at times unable to buy nutritious foods due to limited finances, which led some to go without food or use other strategies to feed themselves. This study highlights the inappropriateness of the continuation of individual behavior change as a policy focus, as many of the problems facing communities are beyond individual abilities. Thus, the implications for policy from this study are centered on providing further support for strategies that focus on ensuring equity and food security for all, particularly the rural inhabitants of many food-secure nations. © The Author(s) 2015.

Netflix and chill? What sex differences can tell us about mate preferences in (hypothetical) booty-call relationships

- March, Evita, Van Doorn, George, Grieve, Rachel

  • Authors: March, Evita , Van Doorn, George , Grieve, Rachel
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Evolutionary Psychology Vol. 16, no. 4 (2018), p. 1-10
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  • Description: The booty-call relationship is defined by both sexual characteristics and emotional involvement. In the current study, men’s and women’s preferences for a booty-call mate were explored. Men and women were predicted to exhibit different mate preferences depending on whether they considered a booty-call relationship a short- or long-term relationship. Participants (N = 559, 74% women) completed an anonymous online questionnaire, designing their ideal booty-call mate using the mate dollars paradigm. Both sexes considered the physical attractiveness and kindness of a booty-call mate a necessity, expressing both short- and long-term mate preferences. The current study highlights the need to explore mate preferences outside the dichotomy of short- and long-term relationships, providing evidence of a compromise relationship.

Effects of physical training on change of direction performance : a systematic review with meta-analysis

- Carvajal-Espinoza, Rafael, Talpey, Scott, Salazar-Rojas, Walter

  • Authors: Carvajal-Espinoza, Rafael , Talpey, Scott , Salazar-Rojas, Walter
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching Vol. 18, no. 5 (2023), p. 1850-1866
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  • Description: Background: One of the most sought-after skills for performance in team sports is change of direction. Training the physical qualities of strength, speed, and power has been used to improve change of direction. These qualities of change of direction have been studied extensively for the last 20 years, and their influence is still questioned. Additionally, it is currently unknown how moderating training variables affect COD performance. Objective: This study examines the impact of strength, power, and speed training on change of direction performance. Method: Following the PRISMA guidelines, a meta-analysis was conducted. Electronic databases were searched for studies conducted from 1991 to April 2021. All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish and used an athlete population as participants. For all analyses, a significance level is set at p < 0.05. Results: Sixty-six articles were included in this meta-analysis. Two hundred fifty-one effect sizes were calculated, representing 2056 participants aged between 12 and 25 years. The global effect size (ES) for each quality is reported and Cochran's Q test: Strength (N = 48) ES: 0.844 Q = 77.63 (95%CI: 0.65;1.07); Speed (N = 17) ES: 0.70 Q = 5.69 (CI95% = 0.35;1.05); Power (N = 49) ES: 0.85 Q = 47.58 (CI95% = 0.64;1.06); Agility (N = 57) ES: 1.05 Q = 79.63 (CI95% = 0.86;1.24); Combined training (N = 13) ES: 0.51 Q = 13.79 (CI95% = 0.14;0.93), and the Control Group (N = 67) ES: 0.53 Q = 47.40 (IC95% =

Reliability of the ICECAP-O quality of life scale with community-dwelling people with dementia

- Bibi, Iram, Polman, Remco, Nyman, Samuel

  • Authors: Bibi, Iram , Polman, Remco , Nyman, Samuel
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Vol. 8, no. (2022), p.
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  • Description: Currently, measures of quality of life used with older people with dementia (PWD) are mainly health related. Health is not an actual attribute of but a means to attain quality of life. The Investigating Choice Experiments for the Preferences of Older People - CAPability index (ICECAP-O) measures attributes of quality of life. While its construct validity has been tested with PWD, no study has yet published data on the reliability of this scale used directly with PWD. In this study, we tested the external (test-retest) reliability of the ICECAP-O with 54 community-dwelling older PWD from the south of England. The ICECAP-O had acceptable test-retest reliability (r =.68, p <.01 and r =.56, p <.01 for raw and tariff scores, respectively). This suggests that the ICECAP-O is both a reliable and valid measure of quality of life for use directly with community-dwelling PWD. © The Author(s) 2022.

Factors influencing creatine kinase response in youth national team soccer players

- Schuth, Gabor, Szigeti, Gyorgy, Dobreff, Gergely, Revisnyei, Peter, Pasic, Alija, Toka, Laszlo, Gabbett, Tim, Pavlik, Gabor

  • Authors: Schuth, Gabor , Szigeti, Gyorgy , Dobreff, Gergely , Revisnyei, Peter , Pasic, Alija , Toka, Laszlo , Gabbett, Tim , Pavlik, Gabor
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sports Health Vol. 13, no. 4 (2021), p. 332-340
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  • Description: Background: Previous studies have examined the relationship between external training load and creatine kinase (CK) response after soccer matches in adults. This study aimed to build training- and match-specific CK prediction models for elite youth national team soccer players. Hypothesis: Training and match load will have different effects on the CK response of elite youth soccer players, and there will be position-specific differences in the most influential external and internal load parameters on the CK response. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Forty-one U16-U17 youth national team soccer players were measured over an 18-month period. Training and match load were monitored with global positioning system devices. Individual CK values were measured from whole blood every morning in training camps. The dataset consisted of 1563 data points. Clustered prediction models were used to examine the relationship between external/internal load and consecutive CK changes. Clusters were built based on the playing position and activity type. The performance of the linear regression models was described by the R2 and the root-mean-square error (RMSE, U/L for CK values). Results: The prediction models fitted similarly during games and training sessions (R2 = 0.38-0.88 vs 0.6-0.77), but there were large differences based on playing positions. In contrast, the accuracy of the models was better during training sessions (RMSE = 81-135 vs 79-209 U/L). Position-specific differences were also found in the external and internal load parameters, which best explained the CK changes. Conclusion: The relationship between external/internal load parameters and CK changes are position specific and might depend on the type of session (training or match). Morning CK values also contributed to the next day’s CK values. Clinical Relevance: The relationship between position-specific external/internal load and CK changes can be used to individualize postmatch recovery strategies and weekly training periodization with a view to optimize match performance. © 2021 The Author(s).

Learning needs of Iranian patients with coronary heart disease : a cross-sectional, comparative study

- Hassankhani, Hadi, Haririan, Hamidreza, Jafari, Arezoo, Porter, Joanne, O’Brien, Frances, Feizollahzadeh, Hossein

  • Authors: Hassankhani, Hadi , Haririan, Hamidreza , Jafari, Arezoo , Porter, Joanne , O’Brien, Frances , Feizollahzadeh, Hossein
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Clinical Nursing Research Vol. 30, no. 2 (2021), p. 193-199
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  • Description: Background: Patient education requires modification as it is either nonexistent or implemented irregularly or inadequately. Study’s purpose: To examine the learning needs of patients with coronary heart disease from the perspective of the patients, their relatives, and health care providers. Methodology: The cross-sectional, comparative study conducted at two cardiac hospitals of Tabriz and Ardebil, Iran from May 2016 to September 2016.Through convenience sampling perceptions of 137 patients, 137 relatives, 33 cardiologists, and 108 nurses were compared using the Cardiac Learning Need Inventory questionnaire. Major results: The most important learning needs of patients from the perspective of physicians, nurses, and patients’ relatives was information about risk factors. In contrast, patient’s perceived information about medication to be their most important learning need. Clinical implications: Patients’ perceptions of their educational needs was different from the perceptions of physicians, nurses, and relatives of the patients. Therefore, when planning patient education a comprehensive review of the patients’ learning needs is required in order to develop a suitable education plan by prioritizing patients’ educational needs. © The Author(s) 2020.

Success in national level junior tennis : Tactical perspectives

- Klaus, Anne, Bradshaw, Ryan, Young, Warren, O’Brien, Brendan, Zois, James

  • Authors: Klaus, Anne , Bradshaw, Ryan , Young, Warren , O’Brien, Brendan , Zois, James
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching Vol. 12, no. 5 (2017), p. 618-622
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  • Description: Purpose: Point duration in competitive tennis is becoming shorter, highlighting a greater emphasis on performance of the first strokes of each point, in particular, the performance of the server. Methods: Descriptive measures of the video-based analysis included stroke type, point outcome and stroke position of the first two strokes of the server (service and first shot) during 10 randomly selected sets of competition on hard court. All participants (male; n=8) were of the age group 14 years and below and competed in national level events. Results: The performance of the first serve is characterized by an “in-percentage” of 54.6% and an improved chance of winning the point (for the server) following a first serve (55.9%; P<0.001) compared to a second serve (42.9%). The majority of stroke positions for first-shot winners were located in the central zone of the court (52.1%; P<0.01). In comparison to the error rate of all examined strokes, we observed an increased error rate of the first shot (16.5% vs. 22.4%; P<0.01). Conclusion: Contrasting to professionals, juniors produce more first-serve errors and win fewer points directly via the serve. Success in junior tennis relies in minimizing errors within short rallies specifically on the first shot of the server. Coaches of national level junior tennis players should focus on strategies to optimize court position following the serve and service percentage to increase competitive success rate. To achieve this, the server should utilize the serve as a “set-up” tool, dictating the direction of the returner’s return of serve within the central zones of the court. © The Author(s) 2017.

WAND : An Activity Program for Women in a Rooming House

- Grace, Marty, Malone, Jennifer, Murphy, Angela

  • Authors: Grace, Marty , Malone, Jennifer , Murphy, Angela
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Affilia - Journal of Women and Social Work Vol. 31, no. 1 (2016), p. 84-97
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  • Description: Rooming houses are often considered last resort accommodation for people affected by homelessness. However, some rooming houses aspire to provide safe, affordable, good-quality accommodation. This article reports on research into an activity program Women Achieving New Directions (WAND) in one such rooming house for women in Melbourne, Australia. Women-only homelessness programs are important because of women’s specific, gendered experiences of homelessness. Five main themes relating to program impact and structure were identified from the data, namely, reducing isolation, the importance of leaving choice to the women, the vital role of staff support, the emerging sense of program ownership, and experiences of building community connection. © 2015, The Author(s) 2015.

Individualism, collectivism, and well-being among a sample of emerging adults in the United States

- Nezlek, John, Humphrey, Ashley

  • Authors: Nezlek, John , Humphrey, Ashley
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Emerging Adulthood Vol. 11, no. 2 (2023), p. 520-524
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  • Description: An increasing body of research suggests that emerging adults living in Western societies are becoming more individualistic and such increases in individualism are associated with reduced well-being. The present study examined relationships between well-being and individualism and collectivism among 1906 emerging adults in the US, aged 18–25. We measured individualism and collectivism distinguishing horizontal and vertical dimensions of these constructs, and we measured well-being in terms of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and neuroticism. Regression analyses found that individualism was negatively related to well-being, and these relationships varied somewhat between horizontal and vertical individualism. Horizontal collectivism was positively related to all measures of well-being, and vertical collectivism was positively related to three measures. These findings increase our understanding of the roles individualism and collectivism play in the psychological well-being of emerging adults, including the importance of distinguishing horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism. © 2021 Society for the Study of Emerging Adulthood and SAGE Publishing.

Outcomes of a pilot evaluation of a group urotherapy programme for children with complex elimination disorders : an Australian experience

- Peck, Blake, Terry, Daniel, Martin, Benita, Matthews, Belinda, Green, Andrea

  • Authors: Peck, Blake , Terry, Daniel , Martin, Benita , Matthews, Belinda , Green, Andrea
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Child Health Care Vol. 26, no. 3 (2022), p. 438-447
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  • Description: Evidence-based interventions have continued to show positive effects on both reducing symptoms and helping children with elimination disorders achieve continence and manage troubling psychological distress. Despite this, there is a group of children who do not respond to standard treatments and are classified as having a complex elimination disorder. As a means of addressing the broader clinical challenge and implications of complex elimination disorders, a team of clinicians in Germany developed the Urinary and Faecal Incontinence Training Program for Children and Adolescents. A pilot investigation was undertaken to apply the Urinary and Faecal Incontinence Training Program for Children and Adolescents programme to children aged 6–12 years in an Australian context who met the complex elimination disorder diagnostic criteria, to determine if any subsequent change in the measures of life quality and general well-being was achieved. Findings suggest a reduction in the frequency of the child’s symptoms and improvements in family quality of life measures. Qualitatively, children and parents perceived that their child’s ability to now respond to stimuli and in so doing avert severe accidents was a major outcome of the programme and was able to increase a child’s sense of acceptance of incontinence, improve levels of self-efficacy and increase self-awareness. © The Author(s) 2021.

The role of consent and motivations in sext dissemination

- Clancy, Elizabeth, Hallford, David, March, Evita, Howard, Dominika, Toumbourou, John, Klettke, Bianca

  • Authors: Clancy, Elizabeth , Hallford, David , March, Evita , Howard, Dominika , Toumbourou, John , Klettke, Bianca
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Interpersonal Violence Vol. 38, no. 15-16 (2023), p. 9315-9342
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  • Description: Sext dissemination (i.e., the online sharing of sexually explicit images) has the potential to result in legal, social, and psychological harms. Recent research has shown that this behavior can be consensual or non-consensual in nature; yet little is known about how motivations or attitudes may differ between these forms, or with gender. This study is based on a cross-sectional online survey investigating consensual and non-consensual sext dissemination and associated demographic, behavioral, attitudinal, and psychological factors. Participants were 2,126 cisgendered adults aged 18 to 30 years (M = 22.97, SD = 3.21, 55% women, 45% men), resident in Western, English-speaking nations, particularly Australia. Around 10% of respondents reported disseminating texts, and of these, only 19.8% indicated they had permission for this, with no differences across gender. When sexts were disseminated “to gossip,” this was significantly more likely to be non-consensual. There were no significant differences between consensual and non-consensual dissemination in subjective attitudes or norms toward dissemination, nor levels of psychological distress. Women were more likely to non-consensually disseminate sexts that had been received as unwanted or unwelcome. Consensual dissemination was weakly associated with being sexually active and having given consent to having one’s own images disseminated. We discuss implications for future research regarding consent, and relationship and sexuality education. © The Author(s) 2023.

Injuries in Australian rules football : An overview of injury rates, patterns, and mechanisms across all levels of play

- Saw, Richard, Finch, Caroline, Samra, David, Baquie, Peter, Cardoso, Tanusha, Hope, Danielle, Orchard, John

  • Authors: Saw, Richard , Finch, Caroline , Samra, David , Baquie, Peter , Cardoso, Tanusha , Hope, Danielle , Orchard, John
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sports Health Vol. 10, no. 3 (2018), p. 208-216
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  • Description: Context: The nature of Australian rules football (Australian football) predisposes both unique and common injuries compared with those sustained in other football codes. The game involves a combination of tackling, kicking, high-speed running (more than other football codes), and jumping. Two decades of injury surveillance has identified common injuries at the professional level (Australian Football League [AFL]). Objective: To provide an overview of injuries in Australian rules football, including injury rates, patterns, and mechanisms across all levels of play. Study Design: A narrative review of AFL injuries, football injury epidemiology, and biomechanical and physiological attributes of relevant injuries. Results: The overall injury incidence in the 2015 season was 41.7 injuries per club per season, with a prevalence of 156.2 missed games per club per season. Lower limb injuries are most prevalent, with hamstring strains accounting for 19.1 missed games per club per season. Hamstring strains relate to the volume of high-speed running required in addition to at times having to collect the ball while running in a position of hip flexion and knee extension. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are also prevalent and can result from contact and noncontact incidents. In the upper limb, shoulder sprains and dislocations account for 11.5 missed games per club per season and largely resulted from tackling and contact. Concussion is less common in AFL than other tackling sports but remains an important injury, which has notably become more prevalent in recent years, theorized to be due to a more conservative approach to management. Although there are less injury surveillance data for non-AFL players (women, community-level, children), many of these injuries appear to also be common across all levels of play. Clinical Relevance: An understanding of injury profiles and mechanisms in Australian football is crucial in identifying methods to reduce injury risk and prepare players for the demands of the game. © 2017,

Usability evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral app-based intervention for binge eating and related psychopathology : a qualitative study

- Linardon, Jake, King, Teagan, Shatte, Adrian, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew

  • Authors: Linardon, Jake , King, Teagan , Shatte, Adrian , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Behavior Modification Vol. 46, no. 5 (2022), p. 1002-1020
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  • Description: Despite their promise as a scalable intervention modality for binge eating and related problems, reviews show that engagement of app-based interventions is variable. Issues with usability may account for this. App developers should undertake usability testing so that any problems can be identified and fixed prior to dissemination. We conducted a qualitative usability evaluation of a newly-developed app for binge eating in 14 individuals with a diagnostic- or subthreshold-level binge eating symptoms. Participants completed a semi-structured interview and self-report measures. Qualitative data were organized into six themes: usability, visual design, user engagement, content, therapeutic persuasiveness, and therapeutic alliance. Qualitative and quantitative results indicated that the app demonstrated good usability. Key advantages reported were its flexible content-delivery formats, level of interactivity, easy-to-understand information, and ability to track progress. Concerns with visual aesthetics and lack of professional feedback were raised. Findings will inform the optimal design of app-based interventions for eating disorder symptoms. © The Author(s) 2021.

Awareness and use of the 11+ injury prevention program among coaches of adolescent female football teams

- Donaldson, Alex, Callaghan, Aisling, Bizzini, Mario, Jowett, Andrew, Keyzer, Patrick, Nicholson, Matthew

  • Authors: Donaldson, Alex , Callaghan, Aisling , Bizzini, Mario , Jowett, Andrew , Keyzer, Patrick , Nicholson, Matthew
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching Vol. 13, no. 6 (2018), p. 929-938
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  • Description: Coaches are essential to participant safety, particularly by implementing injury prevention programs. The evidence-based injury prevention programs developed by sports scientists will not prevent injuries in real-world sports settings if they are not properly implemented. This study investigated the knowledge and use of the highly efficacious 11+ injury prevention program among coaches of adolescent, female football teams, in Victoria, Australia. A cross-sectional online survey based on the RE-AIM framework identified that nearly half (42%) of the 64 respondents (response rate = 36%) were not aware of the 11+, and only one-third (31%) reported using it. Three-quarters (74%) of the 19 respondents who reported on the 11+ components they used, did not use the entire program. Nearly half (44%) of the 18 respondents who reported the frequency with which they used the 11+, used it less than the recommended twice a week. Barriers to implementing the 11+ included: limited awareness of the 11+; lack of knowledge about how to implement it; not having time to implement it; and believing that the 11+ does not incorporate appropriate progression. This study suggests that it is unlikely that the 11+ prevents a significant number of injuries in real-world football settings due to the lack of awareness and use among coaches. Football-governing bodies should use evidence-based strategies to raise awareness of the 11+, build coach competency to implement it, and address time-related implementation barriers that coaches experience. Coaches should keep up-to-date with injury prevention research evidence and prioritize injury prevention at training, including allocating time to implement injury prevention programs properly.

Exploring the therapeutic effectiveness of genograms in family therapy : a literature review

- Joseph, Bindu, Dickenson, Sarah, McCall, Allira, Roga, Erin

  • Authors: Joseph, Bindu , Dickenson, Sarah , McCall, Allira , Roga, Erin
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Family Journal Vol. 31, no. 1 (2023), p. 21-30
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  • Description: The primary aim of the literature review is to explore the relevant literature on the use and effectiveness of genograms in family therapy. The literature is predominantly related to the use of genograms in various settings and adaptations. There are minimal studies on the effectiveness of genograms as a therapeutic tool in family therapy. Searches were conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and PsycINFO electronic databases. The international review includes all studies, irrespective of study methodology. This review will inform clinicians working in family therapy and other relevant disciplines on the usefulness of genograms as a therapeutic tool, examples of adaptations to the traditional genogram for specific populations and purposes, and, to a lesser extent, the therapeutic effectiveness of genograms in family therapy. The results and discussion will provide insights on the utilisation of genograms, the range of population, gaps in the existing literature and the need for further research. © The Author(s) 2022.

Survey of occupational therapy driver assessors’ rehabilitation interventions with older drivers

- Unsworth, Carolyn, Baker, Anne, Morton-Kehle, Dana, Darzins, Susan

  • Authors: Unsworth, Carolyn , Baker, Anne , Morton-Kehle, Dana , Darzins, Susan
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: OTJR Occupation, Participation and Health Vol. 42, no. 2 (2022), p. 115-126
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  • Description: The rehabilitation strategies used by occupational therapy driver assessors with older drivers with age-related decline or health conditions are not well understood. The objective of the study was to describe driver rehabilitation interventions used by Australian driver assessors, identify factors that guide rehabilitation choices, and identify barriers and facilitators encountered. An online survey was emailed to 300 driver assessors. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize and to rank order participant responses. A total of 148 respondents selected from a combined total of 655 interventions. The four most common rehabilitation methods were (a) graded driving (18%, n = 118), (b) practicing specific maneuvers (17.7%, n = 116), (c) using a modified vehicle (16.9%, n = 111), and (d) graded driving in local areas only (15.1%, n = 99). The most common barrier limiting driver rehabilitation was cost (M = 2.92, SD = 1.24). The most frequently used driver rehabilitation method was on-road training. Practice can be enhanced by collating and evaluating resources, and ensuring effective interventions are more accessible. © The Author(s) 2021.

Clinical significance of individual GAD symptoms in later life

- Miloyan, Beyon, Pachana, Nancy

  • Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Pachana, Nancy
  • Date: 2016
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology Vol. 29, no. 2 (2016), p. 92-98
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  • Description: Background: There are age-related differences in the manifestation of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms and their associated impact on psychosocial and functional status. However, it remains unclear whether specific symptoms (or symptom patterns) are of comparable clinical significance across different functional domains. Methods: A sample of 865 self-reported worriers (aged 60 years and older) who endorsed GAD screening questions in the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, were derived from Wave 1 of the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Results: Being easily fatigued was significantly associated with occupational disability and a functional disability variable (restricting usual activity in any way). Irritability was significantly associated with social friction (arguments with friends, family, or colleagues) and a functional disability variable (found was unable to do something wanted to do), and poor self-perceived health was also associated with the same functional disability variable. Excessive worry, despite being among the least reported symptoms, was significantly associated with distress. Conclusions: These findings suggest that individual GAD symptoms are differentially associated with aspects of clinical significance relevant to daily life, such as social, occupational, and functional ability. The differential impact of individual symptoms on functional status may be diluted when using symptom sum scores. A nuanced approach to assessing the clinical significance of individual GAD symptoms in older adults may be fruitful for efforts aimed at early detection and treatment. © 2015 SAGE Publications.

Communication techniques for improved acceptance and adherence with therapeutic footwear

- Van Netten, Jaap, Francis, Anthony, Morphet, Ashley, Fortington, Lauren, Postema, Klass, Williams, Anita

  • Authors: Van Netten, Jaap , Francis, Anthony , Morphet, Ashley , Fortington, Lauren , Postema, Klass , Williams, Anita
  • Date: 2017
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Prosthetics and Orthotics International Vol. 41, no. 2 (2017), p. 201-204
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  • Description: Background and aim: Clients’ acceptance and adherence with orthoses can be influenced by a clinician’s communication skills. In this clinical note, we describe two communication techniques, in the context of therapeutic footwear. Technique: Person-centred communication involves engaging with and listening to the attitudes of the client towards their condition, as well as discussing acceptance and expectations, in a structured consultation. Building a relationship is crucial and requires clients to feel heard and understood. An important influence on the acceptance and adherence is that a client makes a conscious decision to receive their device. This active receipt can be facilitated through shared decision making, wherein clinicians give clear, relevant and meaningful examples, based on clinical evidence, and ensure this is understood. Discussion: Two communication techniques for clinicians providing therapeutic footwear are described. These can be adapted for use with provision of other assistive technologies to improve client acceptance and adherence. Clinical relevance: Small changes in how clinicians communicate to their clients in daily practice can have a big influence on the subsequent acceptance and adherence with therapeutic footwear and indeed other prescribed assistive technologies. © 2016, © The International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics 2016.

Psychological, physical, and sexual violence against children in Australian community sport : frequency, perpetrator, and victim characteristics

- Pankowiak, Aurelie, Woessner, Mary, Parent, Sylvie, Vertommen, Tine, Eime, Rochelle, Spaaij, Ramon, Harvey, Jack, Parker, Alexandra

  • Authors: Pankowiak, Aurelie , Woessner, Mary , Parent, Sylvie , Vertommen, Tine , Eime, Rochelle , Spaaij, Ramon , Harvey, Jack , Parker, Alexandra
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Interpersonal Violence Vol. 38, no. 3-4 (2023), p. 4338-4365
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  • Description: Childhood sport participation is associated with physical, social, and mental health benefits, which are more likely to be realized if the sport environment is safe. However, our understanding of children’s experience of psychological, physical, and sexual violence in community sport in Australia is limited. The aims of this study were to provide preliminary evidence on the extent of experiences of violence during childhood participation in Australian community sport and to identify common perpetrators of and risk factors for violence. The Violence Towards Athletes Questionnaire (VTAQ) was administered online to a convenience sample of Australian adults (>18 years), retrospectively reporting experiences of violence during childhood community sport. Frequencies of experience of violence were calculated and Chi-square tests were conducted to determine differences between genders. In total, there were 886 respondents included in the analysis. Most survey respondents were women (63%) and about a third were men (35%). About 82% of respondents experienced violence in sport as a child. Psychological violence was most prevalent (76%), followed by physical (66%) and sexual (38%) violence. Peers perpetrated the highest rates of psychological violence (69%), and the rates of physical and psychological violence by coaches (both >50%) were also high. Age, sexual orientation, disability, and hours of weekly sport participation as a child were all associated with childhood experience of violence in sport. The rates of interpersonal violence against children in sport were high. This novel data on perpetrators of the violence and the risk factors for experiencing violence provides further context to inform safeguarding strategies in sport. A national prevalence study is recommended to advance our understanding of the childhood experiences of violence in Australian sport. © The Author(s) 2022.

Quantification of training load relative to match load of youth national team soccer players

- Szigeti, Gyorgy, Schuth, Gabor, Revisnyei, Peter, Pasic, Alija, Szilas, Adam, Gabbett, Tim, Pavlik, Gabor

  • Authors: Szigeti, Gyorgy , Schuth, Gabor , Revisnyei, Peter , Pasic, Alija , Szilas, Adam , Gabbett, Tim , Pavlik, Gabor
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sports Health Vol. 14, no. 1 (2022), p. 84-91
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  • Description: Background: Previous studies have examined the training load relative to match load in club settings. The aims of this study were to (1) quantify the external training load relative to match load in days before a subsequent international game and (2) examine the cumulative training load in relation to match load of U-17 national team field soccer players. Hypothesis: Volume and intensity load parameters will vary between trainings; the farthermost trainings have the highest load gradually decreasing toward the match. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: External training load data were collected from 84 youth national team players using global positioning technology between 2016 and 2020. In the national team setting, training load data were obtained from 3 days before the actual match day (MD-3, MD-2, MD-1 days) and analyzed with regard to the number of days up to the game. Volume and intensity parameters were calculated as a percentage of the subsequent match load. Results: Significant differences were found between MD-1 and MD-2, as well as between MD-1 and MD-3 for most volume parameters (P < 0.01; effect sizes [ESs] 0.68-0.99) and high-intensity distance (P < 0.002; ES 0.67 and 0.73) and maximum velocity (P < 0.002; ES 0.82) as intensity parameters. Most cumulative values were significantly different from total duration (P < 0.001, common language ES 0.80-0.96). Conclusion: The training volume gradually decreased as match day approached, with the highest volume occurring on MD-3. Intensity variables, such as maximum velocity, high-intensity accelerations, and meterage per minute were larger in MD-1 training relative to match load. Training volume was lowest in MD-1 trainings and highest in MD-3 trainings; intensity however varies between training days. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study may help to understand the special preparational demands of international matches, highlighting the role of decreased training volume and increased intensity. © 2021 The Author(s).