Dynamic improvement of inductive power transfer systems with maximum energy efficiency tracking using model predictive control : analysis and experimental verification

- Liu, Shunpan, Mai, Ruikun, Zhou, Li, Li, Yong, Hu, Jiefeng, He, Zhengyou, Yan, Zhaotian, Wang, Shiqi

  • Authors: Liu, Shunpan , Mai, Ruikun , Zhou, Li , Li, Yong , Hu, Jiefeng , He, Zhengyou , Yan, Zhaotian , Wang, Shiqi
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 35, no. 12 (2020), p. 12752-12764
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  • Description: For inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, loads and system input voltages are subject to change, which affects system efficiency and stability. This article presents a perturbation and observation (P&O) method for maximum energy efficiency tracking (MEET) with a model predictive control (MPC) scheme for improving the dynamic performance of series-series compensated IPT systems. In the IPT system, the inverter at the primary side incorporates the P&O method and phase shift modulation (PSM) to minimize system input power. Meanwhile, the rectifier at the secondary side is controlled by MPC control based PSM to improve the dynamic response of the output voltage. Simulated and experimental results show that, compared to the PI controller, the MPC controller, based on a simple but accurate mathematical model, has a better dynamic response to load and input voltage variations. With the MPC controller, the settling time of the output voltage is reduced by 85.7%, which indicates a particularly stable power supply to the load. Furthermore, MEET adopting the P&O method in the IPT system can promote the system efficiency by 1.85% on average when the output voltage is regulated by the MPC controller. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

Extension of ZVS region of series-series WPT systems by an auxiliary variable inductor for improving efficiency

- Li, Yong, Liu, Shunpan, Zhu, Xia, Hu, Jiefeng, Zhang, Min, Mai, Ruikun, He, Zhengyou

  • Authors: Li, Yong , Liu, Shunpan , Zhu, Xia , Hu, Jiefeng , Zhang, Min , Mai, Ruikun , He, Zhengyou
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 36, no. 7 (2021), p. 7513-7525
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  • Description: To maintain a stable output voltage under various operating conditions without introducing extra dc/dc converters, phase-shift (PS) control is usually adopted for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. By using this method, however, zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation cannot be guaranteed, especially in light-load conditions. To achieve high efficiency and reduce electromagnetic interference, it is significant for WPT systems to achieve ZVS operation of all switching devices in the whole operation range. In this article, an auxiliary variable inductor, of which the equivalent inductance can be controlled by adjusting the dc current in its auxiliary winding, is designed for series-series-compensated WPT systems under PS control to mitigate the loss arising from hard switching. As a result, a wide ZVS operation range of all switching devices can be achieved. A laboratory prototype is built to verify the theoretical analysis. The experimental results show that, under load and magnetic coupling variations, ZVS operation at fixed operation frequency as well as a constant dc output voltage can be maintained. Compared to the conventional method with only PS control, the proposed WPT can achieve higher overall efficiency in a wider load range owing to the wide ZVS operation range. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

High-efficiency WPT system for CC/CV charging based on double-half-bridge inverter topology with variable inductors

- Zhu, Xiao, Zhao, Xing, Li, Yong, Liu, Shunpan, Yang, Huanyu, Tian, Jihao, Hu, Jiefeng, Mai, Ruikun, He, Zhengyou

  • Authors: Zhu, Xiao , Zhao, Xing , Li, Yong , Liu, Shunpan , Yang, Huanyu , Tian, Jihao , Hu, Jiefeng , Mai, Ruikun , He, Zhengyou
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 37, no. 2 (2022), p. 2437-2448
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  • Description: Efficiency remains a key challenge in wireless charging in academia and industry. In this article, a new wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on a double-half-bridge (DHB) inverter with two variable inductors (VIs) is proposed. Compared with conventional full-bridge (FB) inverters, the DHB inverter can reduce the current through the mosfets under the same output power and thus, reduce the conduction loss. Next, by adjusting the inductances of the VIs instead of using phase shift (PS) method, the output voltage or current can be controlled, while the circulating current can be eliminated and wide-range zero voltage switching operation can be achieved. Consequently, the power loss can be further reduced. Circuit analysis, VI design, as well as hardware implementation, are provided in detail. A laboratory prototype is built to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Close agreement is obtained between simulation and experimental results. The maximum efficiency can reach 92.4%, which is 3.65% higher than traditional PS control. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

A new magnetic coupler with high rotational misalignment tolerance for unmanned aerial vehicles wireless charging

- Li, Yong, Sun, Wenjun, Liu, Junjiang, Liu, Yuhang, Yang, Xiao, Li, Yanling, Hu, Jiefeng, He, Zhengyou

  • Authors: Li, Yong , Sun, Wenjun , Liu, Junjiang , Liu, Yuhang , Yang, Xiao , Li, Yanling , Hu, Jiefeng , He, Zhengyou
  • Date: 2022
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 37, no. 11 (2022), p. 12986-12991
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  • Description: In this letter, a novel magnetic coupler with high rotational misalignment tolerance is proposed for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) wireless charging. The transmitting coil consists of an inner coil and an outer circular coil connected in series, which generates a horizontal magnetic field from the center to all periphery directions within the charging range. Then, to receive the flux effectively and to adapt to UAV's structure, a vertical square air-core coil is designed and attached to the landing gear. The proposed magnetic coupler can reduce significantly the magnetic fluxes penetrating through the body of the UAV, therefore mitigating electromagnetic interference with onboard devices. Simulation based on ANSYS Maxwell and experiments based on a laboratory prototype are carried out to validate the proposal. The results show that, the proposed magnetic coupler can transmit power in all 360° of rotational misalignments, and the output voltage of the wireless charging system fluctuates only 2% around the 48 V reference. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

A simultaneous power and data transmission technology based on coil multiplexing in domino-resonator WPT systems

- Li, Yong, Yang, Xiao, Sun, Wenjun, Hu, Jiefeng, He, Zhengyou

  • Authors: Li, Yong , Yang, Xiao , Sun, Wenjun , Hu, Jiefeng , He, Zhengyou
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 38, no. 3 (2023), p. 2878-2883
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  • Description: To achieve parallel power and data transmission in domino-resonator wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, a novel simultaneous power, and data transfer (SPDT) technology based on coil multiplexing is proposed in this letter. Benefiting from the magnetic field characteristics of the bipolar coil structure, the power and data can be injected into multiplexed coils with different flow directions, leading to opposite induced voltage polarities in each coupling coil. Subsequently, a corresponding resonator circuit is developed to form independent power and data resonance loops. In addition, an injected data transmission scheme is developed for domino-resonator WPT systems. Compared with traditional SPDT methods, additional wave trappers and coupling structures are avoided by this proposed technology, and the interference between power and data transfer is significantly eliminated. A 23.6 W laboratory prototype with five domino resonators is built to validate the feasibility of this proposed technology. The experimental results show that the power transfer efficiency reaches 70% at 50 kb/s data transfer rate. © 1986-2012 IEEE.
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