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Carbothermic reduction of mechanically activated mixtures of celestite and carbon

- Setoudeh, N., Zamani, M. A. A., Welham, Nicholas

  • Authors: Setoudeh, N. , Zamani, M. A. A. , Welham, Nicholas
  • Date: 2011
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 74, no. (2011), p. 531-534
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  • Description: The effect of dry milling on the carbothermic reduction of celestite was investigated. Mixtures of celestite concentrate (98% SrSO4) and activated carbon (99% carbon) was milled for 1 and 24 hours in a planetary ball mill. Un-milled and milled mixtures and their products after carbothermic reduction were studied by a combination of XRD and TGA/DTA experiments. The thermogravimetric analyses and XRD results showed that by milling celestite-carbon mixtures for one hour, the formation temperature of strontium sulfide decreased from about 720°C (in un-milled sample) to about 600°C, after 24 hours milling it decreased to 530°C. It was concluded that milling induces increasingly thorough mixing of the reactants to reduction occurring at lower temperatures.

Possible futures for doctoral research training in design

- Barron, Deirdre, Zeegers, Margaret

  • Authors: Barron, Deirdre , Zeegers, Margaret
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 66, no. June (2012), p.
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  • Description: In this paper, we argue that Design research is basic to countries' national productivity and competition agendas at the same time that vagaries of research training presents as one of the barriers faced by Design Higher Degree by Research students in engaging those agendas. We argue that, given industry requirements for research-trained recruits, students have the right to expect that research training will provide the foundations of a successful career on an academic or research pathway or a professional pathway, but that universities have yet to address problems in their provision of research training for Design doctoral students. We suggest that to facilitate this, rigorous research conducted on the provision of Doctoral programs in Design would serve to inform future activities in Design research in productive ways.
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