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Convergent, discriminant and concurrent validities of measures of the behavioural approach and behavioural inhibition systems : Confirmatory factor analytic approach

- Gomez, Rapson, Gomez, Andre

  • Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Gomez, Andre
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 38, no. 1 (2005), p. 87-102
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  • Description: Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) suggests that personality reflects the operation of the behavioural inhibition system (BIS), and the behavioural approach system (BAS). Several measures have been proposed for the BAS and BIS. Based on ratings by 358 adults of the BAS measures of EPI impulsivity, Carver and White's (CW) BAS and GRAPES reward expectancy, and the BIS related measures of STAI-anxiety, CW BIS and GRAPES punishment expectancy, this study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine their convergent and discriminant validities. CFA was also used to examine the relations of the BAS and BIS factors with latent extraversion and neuroticism. The results of this study indicated support for the convergent validities of all the BAS and BIS measures. With the exception of GRAPES reward expectancy, there was some support for their discriminant validities also. All BIS factors correlated negatively with extraversion and positively with neuroticism. Among the BAS measures, only EPI impulsivity correlated positively with both extraversion and neuroticism. These findings support their concurrent validities. © 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003001242

Personality traits of the behavioural approach and inhibition systems : Associations with processing of emotional stimuli

- Gomez, Andre, Gomez, Rapson

  • Authors: Gomez, Andre , Gomez, Rapson
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 32, no. 8 (2002), p. 1299-1316
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  • Description: This study examined the relationships of the traits associated with Gray's behavioral approach system (BAS) and behavioural inhibition system (BIS) with cognitive processing of emotional information. Initially, participants completed questionnaires covering trait impulsivity and anxiety, and BAS and BIS sensitivities. They were then tested individually. After completing a questionnaire of current positive and negative moods, they completed three tasks measuring processing of pleasant, unpleasant and neutral information. Consistent with Gray's theory, the results showed that impulsivity and BAS sensitivity were associated with the processing of pleasant information, while anxiety and BIS sensitivity were associated with the processing of unpleasant information. These findings imply that Gray's BAS-BIS theory can be extended to cognitive processing of emotional information. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Description: 2003000180

The behavioural inhibition system and behavioural approach system (BIS/BAS) scales : Measurement and structural invariance across adults and adolescents

- Cooper, Andrew, Gomez, Rapson, Aucote, Helen

  • Authors: Cooper, Andrew , Gomez, Rapson , Aucote, Helen
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 43, no. 2 (2007), p. 295-305
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  • Description: Confirmatory factor analytic procedures were used to examine the factor structure of Carver and White's BIS/BAS Scales, and also its invariance across adults and adolescents. This measure, developed originally for adult use, has four scales: one for the Behavioural Inhibition System, and three for the Behavioural Approach System. To accomplish the aims, 631 adults and 300 adolescents completed the measure. The findings provided good support for the 4-factor structure, and for between-group invariance for the measurement (configural and metric) and structural (factor variances and covariances) models. These results mean that data obtained on the BIS/BAS Scales from early adolescents are directly comparable to scores from adults. © 2006 Elsevier.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003005420

An item response theory analysis of the Carver and White (1994) BIS/BAS Scales

- Gomez, Rapson, Cooper, Andrew, Gomez, Andre

  • Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Cooper, Andrew , Gomez, Andre
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 39, no. 6 (2005), p. 1093-1103
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  • Description: The Carver and White BIS/BAS Scales comprise a scale for measuring behavioural inhibition sensitivity and three scales for measuring the behavioural activation sensitivity factors of reward responsiveness, drive and fun seeking. Item response theory (IRT), using Samejima's (1969) graded response model, was used to examine the psychometric properties of these four scales. A total of 520 adult participants completed the BIS/BAS Scales. Although all items in all four scales were reasonably effective in discriminating their respective traits, they provided good measures of their respective latent traits from only moderately low to moderately high trait levels. Also, the category response curves for the first three of the four response options for the items in the reward responsiveness scale showed considerable overlap. These findings suggest some limitations in the psychometric qualities of the BIS/BAS Scale. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003001244

The relationships between the BIS and BAS, anger and responses to anger

- Cooper, Andrew, Gomez, Rapson, Buck, Emily

  • Authors: Cooper, Andrew , Gomez, Rapson , Buck, Emily
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 44, no. 2 (2008), p. 403-413
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  • Description: The aim of the current study was to examine the relations of the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioural Approach System (BAS) with anger and other responses in situations depicting anger provocation. In all, 36 male and 64 female pharmacy workers completed the BIS/BAS Scales, the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI), and the Anger Response Inventory (ARI). The BIS/BAS Scales have one scale for the BIS, and three subscales for the BAS (Reward Responsiveness, Drive, and Fun-Seeking). The ARI contains 23 anger scenarios. Participants were asked to imagine themselves in that scenario and then indicate how angry they would feel and how they would respond in that situation. It was found that the BIS and BAS-Drive related to STAXI trait anger, with the BIS relating to expressing anger inwardly and BAS-Drive negatively relating to the control of angry feelings. With the ARI scenarios, both BIS and BAS-Drive predicted Anger Arousal. When controlling for Anger Arousal, BAS-Fun Seeking significantly predicted aggressive responses to the anger scenarios, while BIS significantly predicted anger responses directed inwardly. The results are discussed in light of the relations between the BIS and BAS and anger. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Description: C1
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