Young Iranian women as agents of social change : a qualitative study
- Salehi, Asiyeh, Sebar, Bernadette, Whitehead, Dean, Hatam, Nahid, Coyne, Elisabeth, Harris, Neil
- Authors: Salehi, Asiyeh , Sebar, Bernadette , Whitehead, Dean , Hatam, Nahid , Coyne, Elisabeth , Harris, Neil
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Women's Studies International Forum Vol. 79, no. (2020), p.
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: Limited studies have investigated detailed insights into the experiences of women in transitioning countries such as Iran as active agents in their lives and their societies. This study explores how young Iranian women build and use their social capital to make a social change and improve their status. Methods: This study is the qualitative component of a larger mixed-method study exploring social capital and wellbeing in young Iranian women. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 young Iranian women aged 18–35. This data was supplemented with the open-ended responses provided by 87 of 391 participants in the quantitative phase of the study. Thematic analysis based on the Giorgi method was used for data analysis. Results: Two major themes that emerged from the data included “multiple identities” and “young women as agents of social change”, with more emphasis on the latter. Four main strategies were used by young Iranian women to enact social change and improve their position. These included building digital freedom, generating a new style of dressing, creating leisure opportunities, and changing social and sexual relationships. Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the necessity of moving away from simply looking at women as powerless victims within paternalistic societies to exploring their potential as agents of social change. Understanding the ways young Iranian women perceive themselves, their roles in society and their experience of enacting social change and building new social identities yields deeper insights into their expectations for transformational change. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
The experiences of New Zealand-based children in consuming fruits and vegetables
- Dresler, Emma, Whitehead, Dean, Mather, Aimee
- Authors: Dresler, Emma , Whitehead, Dean , Mather, Aimee
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health Education Vol. 117, no. 3 (2017), p. 297-309
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: It is known that the consumption of fruits and vegetables in children is declining despite wide-spread national and international policy attempts to increase consumption. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences of children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables so as to facilitate better health education targeting. Design/methodology/approach: In this qualitative descriptive exploratory study, peer group interviews were undertaken with 18 girls and 18 boys, aged 8-11, from schools in the Manawatu region of New Zealand. Findings: The results show that children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables is dependent on balancing risk and reward. Children know and understand the importance of eating fruits and vegetables; however, the perceived risks are typically the prevailing determinant of consumption. These perceived risks often stem from children’s uncertainty about whether the fruits and vegetables will meet the child’s sensory preferences. To mitigate the risks perceived in eating fruits and vegetables, children employ a range of avoidance strategies. Originality/value: This study’s results indicate that a model of “associated” risk is a valuable tool to explain children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and preference behaviour and to assist in the development of future health education intervention campaigns. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.
- Authors: Dresler, Emma , Whitehead, Dean , Mather, Aimee
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health Education Vol. 117, no. 3 (2017), p. 297-309
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: It is known that the consumption of fruits and vegetables in children is declining despite wide-spread national and international policy attempts to increase consumption. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences of children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables so as to facilitate better health education targeting. Design/methodology/approach: In this qualitative descriptive exploratory study, peer group interviews were undertaken with 18 girls and 18 boys, aged 8-11, from schools in the Manawatu region of New Zealand. Findings: The results show that children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables is dependent on balancing risk and reward. Children know and understand the importance of eating fruits and vegetables; however, the perceived risks are typically the prevailing determinant of consumption. These perceived risks often stem from children’s uncertainty about whether the fruits and vegetables will meet the child’s sensory preferences. To mitigate the risks perceived in eating fruits and vegetables, children employ a range of avoidance strategies. Originality/value: This study’s results indicate that a model of “associated” risk is a valuable tool to explain children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and preference behaviour and to assist in the development of future health education intervention campaigns. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.
Multidisciplinary simulation training for perioperative teams : an integrative review
- Hibberson, Michelle, Lawton, Jessica, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Hibberson, Michelle , Lawton, Jessica , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Perioperative Nursing Vol. 34, no. 2 (2021), p. 3-13
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background The perioperative environment is a high-risk and complex area and the provision of safe, high-quality surgical care requires a multifaceted approach provided by multidisciplinary health care teams. However, it is reported that the multidisciplinary nature of perioperative teams can present barriers to patient safety through ineffective teamwork, ineffective collaboration and/ or ineffective communication. Multidisciplinary simulation training creates realistic situations in safe environments to allow perioperative teams to improve teamwork and communication alongside the technical skills needed to manage emergency situations. This integrative review critically examines and reports the effects of multidisciplinary simulation training on perioperative teams and highlights the actual and potential advantages and disadvantages of such training. Method A structured integrative literature review process was undertaken yielding 14 key articles that were critically appraised and examined for emergent ‘themes’. Results Multidisciplinary simulation training improved communication, teamwork, teamwork behaviours and teamwork attitudes between multidisciplinary perioperative team members. Overall, improvements in communication and teamwork correlated with improvements in perioperative patient safety. Despite the numerous benefits of multidisciplinary simulation training there are notable barriers to the implementation of such training programs. Multidisciplinary simulation training can be costly to set up and time consuming to facilitate. However, overall increases in patient safety offset the cost of simulation training and time-based barriers can be reduced by running simulation training in conjunction with existing education programs. Conclusion Multidisciplinary simulation training improved communication and teamwork among perioperative teams and this method of training is recommended overall within perioperative units. However, there were notable gaps within the literature, and further research involving multidisciplinary perioperative teams within Australian perioperative units should be conducted to gain a greater insight into the presence of multidisciplinary simulation training and the effects of such training. © 2021, Australian College of Perioperative Nurses. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Hibberson, Michelle , Lawton, Jessica , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Perioperative Nursing Vol. 34, no. 2 (2021), p. 3-13
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background The perioperative environment is a high-risk and complex area and the provision of safe, high-quality surgical care requires a multifaceted approach provided by multidisciplinary health care teams. However, it is reported that the multidisciplinary nature of perioperative teams can present barriers to patient safety through ineffective teamwork, ineffective collaboration and/ or ineffective communication. Multidisciplinary simulation training creates realistic situations in safe environments to allow perioperative teams to improve teamwork and communication alongside the technical skills needed to manage emergency situations. This integrative review critically examines and reports the effects of multidisciplinary simulation training on perioperative teams and highlights the actual and potential advantages and disadvantages of such training. Method A structured integrative literature review process was undertaken yielding 14 key articles that were critically appraised and examined for emergent ‘themes’. Results Multidisciplinary simulation training improved communication, teamwork, teamwork behaviours and teamwork attitudes between multidisciplinary perioperative team members. Overall, improvements in communication and teamwork correlated with improvements in perioperative patient safety. Despite the numerous benefits of multidisciplinary simulation training there are notable barriers to the implementation of such training programs. Multidisciplinary simulation training can be costly to set up and time consuming to facilitate. However, overall increases in patient safety offset the cost of simulation training and time-based barriers can be reduced by running simulation training in conjunction with existing education programs. Conclusion Multidisciplinary simulation training improved communication and teamwork among perioperative teams and this method of training is recommended overall within perioperative units. However, there were notable gaps within the literature, and further research involving multidisciplinary perioperative teams within Australian perioperative units should be conducted to gain a greater insight into the presence of multidisciplinary simulation training and the effects of such training. © 2021, Australian College of Perioperative Nurses. All rights reserved.
Exploring health promotion and health education in nursing
- Authors: Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nursing Standard Vol. 33, no. 8 (2018), p. 38-44
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Why you should read this article: *To understand the differences between health promotion and health education and your role in these areas *To recognise approaches to illness prevention and promoting well-being that you can use in your practice with patients across their lifespan *To count towards revalidation as part of your 35 hours of CPD, or you may wish to write a reflective account (UK readers) *To contribute towards your professional development and local registration renewal requirements (non-UK readers) The term health promotion has been used in healthcare for several years. However, the meaning of this term is debated, particularly in nursing. Some nurses might believe that, because they are healthcare practitioners working in healthcare services, that they are 'by default' automatically involved in health promotion activities however, this is often not the case. Instead, they are more likely to be engaging in health education activities that is, simply providing individuals with health-related information, rather than seeking to empower individuals, families, groups and communities. While health education is related to health promotion, these terms are not interchangeable, since health education is a component of health promotion. This article clarifies these concepts and describes approaches to illness prevention and promoting well-being that nurses can use in their practice with patients across the lifespan.
- Pueyo-Garrigues, Maria, Pardavila-Belio, Miren, Whitehead, Dean, Esandi, Nuria, Canga-Armayor, Ana, Elosua, Paula, Canga-Armayor, Navidad
- Authors: Pueyo-Garrigues, Maria , Pardavila-Belio, Miren , Whitehead, Dean , Esandi, Nuria , Canga-Armayor, Ana , Elosua, Paula , Canga-Armayor, Navidad
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 77, no. 2 (2021), p. 715-728
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: To develop and psychometrically test the Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument for assessing nurses’ knowledge, skills and personal attributes concerning competent health education practice. Design: A psychometric instrument development and validation study. Methods: A four-step approach was used: Step 1) operational definition based on an up-to-date concept analysis and experts’ judgement; step 2) item generation and content validation by expert panel and target population; step 3) item analysis based on acceptability, internal consistency and face validity; and step 4) psychometric evaluation based on construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency and stability, conducted from January -February 2019 with 458 hospital-care nurses. Results: The operational framework and expert groups showed good content validity, resulting in the first version. From the initial 88-item pool, 58 items were retained after item analysis. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three scales concerning the cognitive (three-factor solution with 23 items), psychomotor (two-factor solution with 26 items) and affective-attitudinal (one-factor solution with nine items) competency domains, which respectively accounted for 58%, 53% and 54% of the variance. Known-group study demonstrated significant differences by years working in the service and training received in health education, providing evidence for the measure's sensitivity. The three scales correlated positively with the criterion variable. Overall Cronbach alphas for the cognitive, psychomotor and affective-attitudinal scales were 0.95, 0.95 and 0.90, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients were >0.70. Conclusions: The newly developed Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument is an original and tested self-reporting psychometric tool, being the first to identify nurses’ knowledge, skills and attributes necessary for planning and assessing health education practice competency. Impact: The instrument permits measurable insights into nurses’ perceptions regarding their health education competence and related educational needs. This study provides a valid and specific learning tool that is appropriate to use both in clinical practice and in nursing education programmes. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
mHealth interventions to reduce alcohol use in young people : a systematic review of the literature
- Hutton, Alison, Prichard, Ivanka, Whitehead, Dean, Thomas, Susan, Rubin, Mark, Sloand, Elizabeth, Powell, Terrinieka, Frisch, Keri, Newman, Peter, Goodwin Veenema, Tener
- Authors: Hutton, Alison , Prichard, Ivanka , Whitehead, Dean , Thomas, Susan , Rubin, Mark , Sloand, Elizabeth , Powell, Terrinieka , Frisch, Keri , Newman, Peter , Goodwin Veenema, Tener
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing Vol. 43, no. 3 (2020), p. 171-202
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Harmful use of alcohol has serious effects on public health and is considered a significant risk factor for poor health. mHealth technology promotes health behavior change and enhances health through increased social opportunities for encouragement and support. It remains unknown whether these types of applications directly influence the health status of young people in reducing harmful levels of alcohol consumption. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine current evidence on the effectiveness of mHealth technology use in positively influencing alcohol-related behaviors of young people without known alcohol addiction. Relevant articles published from 2005 to January 2017 were identified through electronic searches of eight databases. Studies with interventions delivered by mHealth (social networking sites, SMS and mobile phone applications) to young people aged 12–26 years were included. Outcome measures were alcohol use, reduction in alcohol consumption or behavior change. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions varied in design, participant characteristics, settings, length and outcome measures. Ten studies reported some effectiveness related to interventions with nine reporting a reduction in alcohol consumption. Use of mHealth, particularly text messaging (documented as SMS), was found to be an acceptable, affordable and effective way to deliver messages about reducing alcohol consumption to young people. Further research using adequately powered sample sizes in varied settings, with adequate periods of intervention and follow-up, underpinned by theoretical perspectives incorporating behavior change in young people’s use of alcohol, is needed. © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
- Authors: Hutton, Alison , Prichard, Ivanka , Whitehead, Dean , Thomas, Susan , Rubin, Mark , Sloand, Elizabeth , Powell, Terrinieka , Frisch, Keri , Newman, Peter , Goodwin Veenema, Tener
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing Vol. 43, no. 3 (2020), p. 171-202
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Harmful use of alcohol has serious effects on public health and is considered a significant risk factor for poor health. mHealth technology promotes health behavior change and enhances health through increased social opportunities for encouragement and support. It remains unknown whether these types of applications directly influence the health status of young people in reducing harmful levels of alcohol consumption. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine current evidence on the effectiveness of mHealth technology use in positively influencing alcohol-related behaviors of young people without known alcohol addiction. Relevant articles published from 2005 to January 2017 were identified through electronic searches of eight databases. Studies with interventions delivered by mHealth (social networking sites, SMS and mobile phone applications) to young people aged 12–26 years were included. Outcome measures were alcohol use, reduction in alcohol consumption or behavior change. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions varied in design, participant characteristics, settings, length and outcome measures. Ten studies reported some effectiveness related to interventions with nine reporting a reduction in alcohol consumption. Use of mHealth, particularly text messaging (documented as SMS), was found to be an acceptable, affordable and effective way to deliver messages about reducing alcohol consumption to young people. Further research using adequately powered sample sizes in varied settings, with adequate periods of intervention and follow-up, underpinned by theoretical perspectives incorporating behavior change in young people’s use of alcohol, is needed. © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
Multidisciplinary simulation training for Australian perioperative teams : a qualitative descriptive exploratory study
- Hibberson, Michelle, Lawton, Jessica, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Hibberson, Michelle , Lawton, Jessica , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Perioperative Nursing Vol. 36, no. 4 (2023), p. e-14-e-35
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Perioperative units are complex and high-risk environments in which teams of multidisciplinary health care professionals work collaboratively. Multidisciplinary simulation training is a form of education that allows perioperative teams to practise the non-technical and technical skills essential for managing emergency events within the perioperative environment. Despite the benefits of multidisciplinary simulation training, there is a paucity of literature about it; therefore, this study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken simulation training. Objectives: This study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken multidisciplinary simulation training with the aim of: 1. identifying the enablers of and/or barriers to multidisciplinary simulation training 2. gaining insight into the frequency of training and types of scenarios used during simulation training 3. exploring the potential changes to teamwork and communication following multidisciplinary simulation training. Design: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted. Methods: Data were collected from nursing and anaesthetic participants through individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four themes and nine subthemes were identified within the data. The themes were simulation is educational, safe space, frequency and teamwork. The subthemes were emergency scenarios, practise skills and knowledge, training novice and inexperienced staff, fear of simulation, facilitators, debriefing, available facilities, staff availability and multidisciplinarity. Conclusion: Australian perioperative teams widely used multidisciplinary simulation training to practise the technical skills needed to manage emergencies consistently. However, the frequency was variable and dependent on the availability of staff and facilities. A ‘safe space’ was vital, allowing perioperative team members to engage in training and discussions without judgement or embarrassment. Multidisciplinary simulation training is an effective training technique and should be routinely undertaken by Australian perioperative teams to develop consistency in managing emergency events within the perioperative setting. © 2023, Australian College of Perioperative Nurses. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Hibberson, Michelle , Lawton, Jessica , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Perioperative Nursing Vol. 36, no. 4 (2023), p. e-14-e-35
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Perioperative units are complex and high-risk environments in which teams of multidisciplinary health care professionals work collaboratively. Multidisciplinary simulation training is a form of education that allows perioperative teams to practise the non-technical and technical skills essential for managing emergency events within the perioperative environment. Despite the benefits of multidisciplinary simulation training, there is a paucity of literature about it; therefore, this study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken simulation training. Objectives: This study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken multidisciplinary simulation training with the aim of: 1. identifying the enablers of and/or barriers to multidisciplinary simulation training 2. gaining insight into the frequency of training and types of scenarios used during simulation training 3. exploring the potential changes to teamwork and communication following multidisciplinary simulation training. Design: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted. Methods: Data were collected from nursing and anaesthetic participants through individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four themes and nine subthemes were identified within the data. The themes were simulation is educational, safe space, frequency and teamwork. The subthemes were emergency scenarios, practise skills and knowledge, training novice and inexperienced staff, fear of simulation, facilitators, debriefing, available facilities, staff availability and multidisciplinarity. Conclusion: Australian perioperative teams widely used multidisciplinary simulation training to practise the technical skills needed to manage emergencies consistently. However, the frequency was variable and dependent on the availability of staff and facilities. A ‘safe space’ was vital, allowing perioperative team members to engage in training and discussions without judgement or embarrassment. Multidisciplinary simulation training is an effective training technique and should be routinely undertaken by Australian perioperative teams to develop consistency in managing emergency events within the perioperative setting. © 2023, Australian College of Perioperative Nurses. All rights reserved.
Person-centred decision-making in mental health : a scoping review
- Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul, Whitehead, Dean, Osman, Abdi, Hills, Danny
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Whitehead, Dean , Osman, Abdi , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Issues in Mental Health Nursing Vol. 45, no. 3 (2024), p. 294-310
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Person-centred decision-making approaches in mental health care are crucial to safeguard the autonomy of the person. The use of these approaches, however, has not been fully explored beyond the clinical and policy aspects of shared and supported decision-making. The main goal is to identify and collate studies that have made an essential contribution to the understanding of shared, supported, and other decision-making approaches related to adult mental health care, and how person-centred decision-making approaches could be applied in clinical practice. A scoping review of peer-reviewed primary research was undertaken. A preliminary search and a main search were undertaken. For the main search, eight databases were explored in two rounds, between October and November 2022, and in September 2023, limited to primary research in English, Spanish or Portuguese published from October 2012 to August 2023. From a total of 12,285 studies retrieved, 21 studies were included. These research articles, which had mixed quality ratings, focused on therapeutic relationships and communication in decision-making (30%), patients’ involvement in treatment decision-making (40%), and interventions for improving patients’ decision-making engagement (30%). While there is promising evidence for shared decision-making in mental health care, it is important that healthcare providers use their communicational skills to enhance the therapeutic relationship and engage patients in the process. More high-quality research on supported decision-making strategies and their implementation in mental health services is also required. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Whitehead, Dean , Osman, Abdi , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Issues in Mental Health Nursing Vol. 45, no. 3 (2024), p. 294-310
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Person-centred decision-making approaches in mental health care are crucial to safeguard the autonomy of the person. The use of these approaches, however, has not been fully explored beyond the clinical and policy aspects of shared and supported decision-making. The main goal is to identify and collate studies that have made an essential contribution to the understanding of shared, supported, and other decision-making approaches related to adult mental health care, and how person-centred decision-making approaches could be applied in clinical practice. A scoping review of peer-reviewed primary research was undertaken. A preliminary search and a main search were undertaken. For the main search, eight databases were explored in two rounds, between October and November 2022, and in September 2023, limited to primary research in English, Spanish or Portuguese published from October 2012 to August 2023. From a total of 12,285 studies retrieved, 21 studies were included. These research articles, which had mixed quality ratings, focused on therapeutic relationships and communication in decision-making (30%), patients’ involvement in treatment decision-making (40%), and interventions for improving patients’ decision-making engagement (30%). While there is promising evidence for shared decision-making in mental health care, it is important that healthcare providers use their communicational skills to enhance the therapeutic relationship and engage patients in the process. More high-quality research on supported decision-making strategies and their implementation in mental health services is also required. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Advanced care directives in residential aged care for residents with major neuro-cognitive disorders (dementia) : a scoping Review
- Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul, Osman, Abdi, Poblete-Troncoso, Margarita, Whitehead, Dean, Hills, Danny
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Osman, Abdi , Poblete-Troncoso, Margarita , Whitehead, Dean , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care Vol. 20, no. 1 (2024), p. 83-114
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The aim of this review was to identify, assess, collate, and analyze existing research that has made a direct contribution to aiding understanding of the ethical and decision-making issues related to the use of advance care directives for people with dementia and/or other major neurocognitive disorders and/or their surrogate decision-makers on treatment. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and MEDLINE databases were searched between August and September 2021 and July to November 2022 limited to primary studies written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Twenty-eight studies of varying quality that addressed related thematic areas were identified. These themes being support for autonomy in basic needs (16%), making decisions ahead/planning ahead and upholding these decisions (52%), and support in decision-making for carers (32%). Advance care directives are an important mechanism for documenting treatment preferences in patient care planning. However, the available literature on the topic is limited in both quantity and quality. Recommendations for practice include involving decision makers, promoting educational interventions, exploring how they are used and implemented, and promoting the active involvement of social workers within the healthcare team. © 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Osman, Abdi , Poblete-Troncoso, Margarita , Whitehead, Dean , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care Vol. 20, no. 1 (2024), p. 83-114
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The aim of this review was to identify, assess, collate, and analyze existing research that has made a direct contribution to aiding understanding of the ethical and decision-making issues related to the use of advance care directives for people with dementia and/or other major neurocognitive disorders and/or their surrogate decision-makers on treatment. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and MEDLINE databases were searched between August and September 2021 and July to November 2022 limited to primary studies written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Twenty-eight studies of varying quality that addressed related thematic areas were identified. These themes being support for autonomy in basic needs (16%), making decisions ahead/planning ahead and upholding these decisions (52%), and support in decision-making for carers (32%). Advance care directives are an important mechanism for documenting treatment preferences in patient care planning. However, the available literature on the topic is limited in both quantity and quality. Recommendations for practice include involving decision makers, promoting educational interventions, exploring how they are used and implemented, and promoting the active involvement of social workers within the healthcare team. © 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Evaluation of the prescribing practice of guideline-directed medical therapy among ambulatory chronic heart failure patients
- Parajuli, Daya, Shakib, Sepehr, Eng-Frost, Joanne, McKinnon, Ross, Caughey, Gillian, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Parajuli, Daya , Shakib, Sepehr , Eng-Frost, Joanne , McKinnon, Ross , Caughey, Gillian , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Vol. 21, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Studies have demonstrated that heart failure (HF) patients who receive direct pharmacist input as part of multidisciplinary care have better clinical outcomes. This study evaluated/compared the difference in prescribing practices of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for chronic HF patients between two multidisciplinary clinics—with and without the direct involvement of a pharmacist. Methods: A retrospective audit of chronic HF patients, presenting to two multidisciplinary outpatient clinics between March 2005 and January 2017, was performed; a Multidisciplinary Ambulatory Consulting Service (MACS) with an integrated pharmacist model of care and a General Cardiology Heart Failure Service (GCHFS) clinic, without the active involvement of a pharmacist. Results: MACS clinic patients were significantly older (80 vs. 73 years, p <.001), more likely to be female (p <.001), and had significantly higher systolic (123 vs. 112 mmHg, p <.001) and diastolic (67 vs. 60 mmHg, p <.05) blood pressures compared to the GCHF clinic patients. Moreover, the MACS clinic patients showed more polypharmacy and higher prevalence of multiple comorbidities. Both clinics had similar prescribing rates of GDMT and achieved maximal tolerated doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in HFrEF. However, HFpEF patients in the MACS clinic were significantly more likely to be prescribed ACEIs/ARBs (70.5% vs. 56.2%, p = 0.0314) than the GCHFS patients. Patients with both HFrEF and HFpEF (MACS clinic) were significantly less likely to be prescribed
- Authors: Parajuli, Daya , Shakib, Sepehr , Eng-Frost, Joanne , McKinnon, Ross , Caughey, Gillian , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Vol. 21, no. 1 (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Studies have demonstrated that heart failure (HF) patients who receive direct pharmacist input as part of multidisciplinary care have better clinical outcomes. This study evaluated/compared the difference in prescribing practices of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for chronic HF patients between two multidisciplinary clinics—with and without the direct involvement of a pharmacist. Methods: A retrospective audit of chronic HF patients, presenting to two multidisciplinary outpatient clinics between March 2005 and January 2017, was performed; a Multidisciplinary Ambulatory Consulting Service (MACS) with an integrated pharmacist model of care and a General Cardiology Heart Failure Service (GCHFS) clinic, without the active involvement of a pharmacist. Results: MACS clinic patients were significantly older (80 vs. 73 years, p <.001), more likely to be female (p <.001), and had significantly higher systolic (123 vs. 112 mmHg, p <.001) and diastolic (67 vs. 60 mmHg, p <.05) blood pressures compared to the GCHF clinic patients. Moreover, the MACS clinic patients showed more polypharmacy and higher prevalence of multiple comorbidities. Both clinics had similar prescribing rates of GDMT and achieved maximal tolerated doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in HFrEF. However, HFpEF patients in the MACS clinic were significantly more likely to be prescribed ACEIs/ARBs (70.5% vs. 56.2%, p = 0.0314) than the GCHFS patients. Patients with both HFrEF and HFpEF (MACS clinic) were significantly less likely to be prescribed
The effectiveness of the role of advanced nurse practitioners compared to physician-led or usual care : a systematic review
- Htay, Maung, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Htay, Maung , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances Vol. 3, no. (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the role of advanced nurse practitioners compared to physicians-led/ usual care (care managed by medical doctors or non-advanced nurse practitioners) Background: Advanced nurse practitioners contribute to the improvement of quality patient care and have substantial potential to optimise the health of people globally. Since the formal recognition of advanced nurse practitioners by the International Council of Nurses, among others, the role has been adopted across most departments and clinical specialties, particularly in high-income countries. Design: Systematic review of primary research evidence Data Source: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane registry, Cochrane trials, and Cochrane EPOC (PDQ Evidence) were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of patient care and health resource utilisation outcomes associated with advanced nurse practitioners. Review Methods: The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The chosen articles were restricted to full-text English language trials published in the last 20 years, incorporating comparators of usual care. Search terms were limited to variations of advanced nurse practitioner role and practice. The eligible studies were bias risk assessed and quality assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Clinical and service outcomes were analysed using narrative synthesis as the marked heterogeneity between studies precluded meta-analysis. Results: Thirteen RCTs were reviewed. All of them were conducted across high-income countries within primary care and hospital settings involving paediatric and adult patients. Five trials were assessed as high quality, and eight were of low to moderate quality. Positive effects were demonstrated for the impact of advanced nurse practitioners on usual care; for indigestion, mean difference [MD] 2.3: 95% CI 1.4, 3.1]), perceptions of health status [ (MD –140.6; 95% CI –184.8, –96.5)], satisfaction levels [ (MD ranged from –8.79; 95% CI –13.59, –3.98 to 0.61; 95% CI –4.84, 6.05)], physical function (1.58 [SD 0.76] v. 1.81 [SD 0.90]), and blood pressure control (systolic [133 [SD 21] v. 135 [SD 19] mmHg p = 0.04] and diastolic [77 [SD 10] v. 80 [SD 11] mmHg p = 0.007]) were looked at. Positive effects related to service provision included improved patient satisfaction and reductions in waiting times and costs, which significantly favored advanced nurse practitioners (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The evidence of this review supports the positive impact of advanced nurse practitioners on clinical and service-related outcomes: patient satisfaction, waiting times, control of chronic disease, and cost-effectiveness especially when directly compared to medical practitioner-led care and usual care practices - in primary, secondary and specialist care settings involving both adult and pediatric populations. © 2021
- Authors: Htay, Maung , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances Vol. 3, no. (2021), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the role of advanced nurse practitioners compared to physicians-led/ usual care (care managed by medical doctors or non-advanced nurse practitioners) Background: Advanced nurse practitioners contribute to the improvement of quality patient care and have substantial potential to optimise the health of people globally. Since the formal recognition of advanced nurse practitioners by the International Council of Nurses, among others, the role has been adopted across most departments and clinical specialties, particularly in high-income countries. Design: Systematic review of primary research evidence Data Source: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane registry, Cochrane trials, and Cochrane EPOC (PDQ Evidence) were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of patient care and health resource utilisation outcomes associated with advanced nurse practitioners. Review Methods: The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The chosen articles were restricted to full-text English language trials published in the last 20 years, incorporating comparators of usual care. Search terms were limited to variations of advanced nurse practitioner role and practice. The eligible studies were bias risk assessed and quality assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Clinical and service outcomes were analysed using narrative synthesis as the marked heterogeneity between studies precluded meta-analysis. Results: Thirteen RCTs were reviewed. All of them were conducted across high-income countries within primary care and hospital settings involving paediatric and adult patients. Five trials were assessed as high quality, and eight were of low to moderate quality. Positive effects were demonstrated for the impact of advanced nurse practitioners on usual care; for indigestion, mean difference [MD] 2.3: 95% CI 1.4, 3.1]), perceptions of health status [ (MD –140.6; 95% CI –184.8, –96.5)], satisfaction levels [ (MD ranged from –8.79; 95% CI –13.59, –3.98 to 0.61; 95% CI –4.84, 6.05)], physical function (1.58 [SD 0.76] v. 1.81 [SD 0.90]), and blood pressure control (systolic [133 [SD 21] v. 135 [SD 19] mmHg p = 0.04] and diastolic [77 [SD 10] v. 80 [SD 11] mmHg p = 0.007]) were looked at. Positive effects related to service provision included improved patient satisfaction and reductions in waiting times and costs, which significantly favored advanced nurse practitioners (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The evidence of this review supports the positive impact of advanced nurse practitioners on clinical and service-related outcomes: patient satisfaction, waiting times, control of chronic disease, and cost-effectiveness especially when directly compared to medical practitioner-led care and usual care practices - in primary, secondary and specialist care settings involving both adult and pediatric populations. © 2021
- Younas, Ahtisham, Porr, Caroline, Maddigan, Joy, Moore, Julia, Navarro, Pablo, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Younas, Ahtisham , Porr, Caroline , Maddigan, Joy , Moore, Julia , Navarro, Pablo , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Nursing Scholarship Vol. 55, no. 4 (2023), p. 805-824
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Individuals with multiple physical and, or, mental health issues and, or, drug-related problems are known as complex patients. These patients are often recipients of poor-quality care. Compassionate nursing care is valuable to promote better care experiences among this patient population. Implementation strategies should be designed to enhance compassionate nursing care delivery. The study aimed to gain understanding of barriers to compassionate care delivery to propose implementation to promote compassionate nursing care of complex patients. Design: An exploratory sequential mixed methods study was conducted. Methods: Phase 1 was the qualitative component during which 23 individuals with multimorbidities were interviewed for exploring their perceptions of barriers to compassionate nursing care. The barriers were integrated with implementation science frameworks using the building technique during phase 2 to develop a Q-sort survey of implementation strategies for phase 3. Nurses, nurse managers, health care administrators, policymakers, and compassionate care experts responded to the survey by ranking the 21 implementation strategies, out of which five met the Q-factor analysis criteria. Results: Participant-perceived barriers to nurse compassion could be categorized under knowledge, intentions, skills, social influences, behavioral regulation, reinforcement, emotion, and environmental context and resources. The five highest-ranked strategies included facilitation, consultation with stress experts, involvement of patients and families, modeling compassion through shadowing, and utilizing implementation teams. Conclusions: Enablement and modeling were the integration functions represented by the highest-ranked implementation strategies. Enabling nurses to provide compassionate care through emotional support and mental health counseling, and, modeling compassion and compassionate care through shadowing were recommended and rated as highly relevant by the majority of stakeholders. Clinical Relevance: Enhancing nurses compassionate behaviors toward complex patients requires facilitating them in enacting compassion in practice through modeling and support from organizations and nurse managers. © 2023 Sigma Theta Tau International.
- Younas, Ahtisham, Porr, Caroline, Maddigan, Joy, Moore, Julia, Navarro, Pablo, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Younas, Ahtisham , Porr, Caroline , Maddigan, Joy , Moore, Julia , Navarro, Pablo , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Clinical Nursing Vol. 32, no. 13-14 (2023), p. 4024-4036
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aims and objectives: To explore behavioural indicators of compassionate nursing care from the perspectives of individuals with multimorbidities and complex needs. Background: Complex patients are individuals with multimorbidity and/or mental health concerns, andoften with medication and drug-related problems requiring ongoing person-centered care, mental health interventions, and family and community resources. They are frequent consumers of health-care services and it is documented that these patients experience discrimination and substandard care. Compassionate care can improve patient care experiences and health outcomes. However, missing is the guidance on how to provide compassionate care for this population from the perspectives of complex patients. Design: A qualitative descriptive approach was conducted in eastern Canada from December 2020–April 2021. The COREQ guidelines were followed for reporting. Methods: Data from in-person and virtual semi-structured interviews with 23 individuals having experiences as complex patients were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Among them 19 were homeless and lived in a shelter. Findings: Six indicators of compassionate nursing care were generated: sensitivity, awareness, a non-judgmental approach, a positive demeanour, empathic understanding, and altruism. Conclusions: Individuals perceived that nurses who acknowledge personal biases are better at providing compassionate care by manifesting compassion through their genuine and selfless interest in the complicated health problems and underlying socio-cultural determinants of each patient. Kindness, positivity, and a respectful nursing approach elicit openness and the sharing of heartfelt concerns. Relevance to clinical practice: Comprehensive health assessment, dedicated efforts to know the patient as a human being, and listening to the patient's preferences can improve health outcomes among individuals with complex needs. Healthcare administrators can effect the change by supporting nurses to address complex health and social care needs with compassion. Patient or public contribution: Patients and healthcare professionals helped in data collection at the community care centre. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Exploring adolescent-parent interaction strategies for accessing alcohol at home
- Dresler, Emma, Whitehead, Dean, Weaver, Kelly
- Authors: Dresler, Emma , Whitehead, Dean , Weaver, Kelly
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health Education Vol. 117, no. 6 (2017), p. 566-580
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which youth have ready access to alcohol and the extent to which immediate family influence affects consumption. Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative descriptive exploratory study undertook semi-structured peer-group interviews with 20 participants from four New Zealand high schools. The interviews centred on exploring the “general” experiences of youth related to alcohol access – but with a focus on alcohol access “at home” and the parental role. Findings: The study confirmed that the home unit was the main source of alcohol for most youth and parents were the most common source of provision. Parents provided financial access to alcohol by giving their child money to purchase it themselves through older family members or friends. It was also found that youth used negotiation strategies with their parents to influence their consumer purchases of alcohol. Research limitations/implications: Youth frequently used strategies such as pressure tactics, exchange tactics, ingratiating tactics and consultation tactics to influence their family’s decision-making process and to pressure their parents into supplying them with alcohol. Practical implications: It is important to recognise the role that family play as “gatekeepers” for readily allowing access and supplying youth with alcohol – and the reasons for doing so. Social implications: Alcohol plays an important part in many societies. It is important to understand how young people consume and access alcohol – particularly when the family plays a major role in access and consumption. Originality/value: Many studies have been conducted in relation to youth and alcohol consumption. Very few, as far as we can tell, explore the role of the family from the young consumers’ perspective and especially from a qualitative narrative perspective. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.
- Authors: Dresler, Emma , Whitehead, Dean , Weaver, Kelly
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health Education Vol. 117, no. 6 (2017), p. 566-580
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which youth have ready access to alcohol and the extent to which immediate family influence affects consumption. Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative descriptive exploratory study undertook semi-structured peer-group interviews with 20 participants from four New Zealand high schools. The interviews centred on exploring the “general” experiences of youth related to alcohol access – but with a focus on alcohol access “at home” and the parental role. Findings: The study confirmed that the home unit was the main source of alcohol for most youth and parents were the most common source of provision. Parents provided financial access to alcohol by giving their child money to purchase it themselves through older family members or friends. It was also found that youth used negotiation strategies with their parents to influence their consumer purchases of alcohol. Research limitations/implications: Youth frequently used strategies such as pressure tactics, exchange tactics, ingratiating tactics and consultation tactics to influence their family’s decision-making process and to pressure their parents into supplying them with alcohol. Practical implications: It is important to recognise the role that family play as “gatekeepers” for readily allowing access and supplying youth with alcohol – and the reasons for doing so. Social implications: Alcohol plays an important part in many societies. It is important to understand how young people consume and access alcohol – particularly when the family plays a major role in access and consumption. Originality/value: Many studies have been conducted in relation to youth and alcohol consumption. Very few, as far as we can tell, explore the role of the family from the young consumers’ perspective and especially from a qualitative narrative perspective. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.
Experiences of overseas nurse educators teaching in New Zealand
- Skaria, Reen, Whitehead, Dean, Leach, Linda, Walshaw, Margaret
- Authors: Skaria, Reen , Whitehead, Dean , Leach, Linda , Walshaw, Margaret
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 81, no. (2019), p. 7-12
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Globalisation and a shortage of registered nurses in New Zealand have caused an increase in the number of overseas qualified registered nurses and nurse educators migrating to New Zealand. This reflects the overall international context. If overseas qualified nurse educators are to work optimally, providing the maximum benefit for students, their experiences need to be examined in order to identify potential issues and provide support. Objectives: To investigate the experiences of overseas qualified nurse educators teaching in New Zealand nursing schools and relate this to the international context. Design: A qualitative study using van Manen's hermeneutic approach to phenomenology. Methods: The lived experiences of 17 overseas qualified nurse educators were explored through in-depth, semi –structured individual interviews. Results: The study revealed that overseas qualified nurse educators initially experienced a sense of non-belonging in New Zealand, while their separation from their homeland and migration to a new country resulted in a sense of disorientation. Integration was the preferred method of adaptation to New Zealand among the study participants. However, they wanted to choose which aspects of the new culture they would adopt and to what extent they would adapt. Conclusion: The initial phase of adaptation was a difficult process for the majority of participants, however, it was found that the adaptation process was easier for the participants who were actively engaging in New Zealand society. Understanding and improving the experiences of overseas qualified nurse educators will enable nursing students to receive maximum educational benefits wherever they train in the world. © 2019
Young women living in Iran : gendered drivers influencing social participation and wellbeing
- Salehi, Asiyeh, Whitehead, Dean, Sebar, Bernadette, upadhyay, Ravi, Coyne, Elisabeth, Harris, Neil
- Authors: Salehi, Asiyeh , Whitehead, Dean , Sebar, Bernadette , upadhyay, Ravi , Coyne, Elisabeth , Harris, Neil
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Gender Studies Vol. 30, no. 4 (2021), p. 478-495
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper investigates the social participation and wellbeing outcomes of young Iranian women, using a concurrent mixed method. Findings demonstrated relatively low levels of structural and functional social support as well as low level of social participation at the community level, particularly local and national group participation compared with casual/informal group participation. The individuals who socialized more with friends, relatives, colleagues, neighbours, as well as those with higher civic participation, were more likely to report higher wellbeing, as measured through satisfaction with life, quality of life and healthier lifestyle behaviours. The most common themes regarding barriers to social participation included: lack of time, money, cultural and societal barriers such as low socialization/leisure opportunities/infrastructure in the neighbourhood, lack of community/civic groups, lack of the culture of volunteering/volunteer jobs and low level of trust in society. This study suggests that women are further united and focus on their internal power through challenging gender bias and creating a culture of transformational change; which, in turn, lends itself to positive well-being outcomes. Furthermore, studies are required among Iranian men, how they can advocate for women’s rights and reconstruction of the gendered systems for the interest of both genders. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Mental health and religiosity in older latin american immigrants living in Australia
- Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul, Whitehead, Dean, Osman, Abdi, Hills, Danny
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Whitehead, Dean , Osman, Abdi , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Issues in Mental Health Nursing Vol. 45, no. 11 (2024), p. 1194-1200
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Ageing in a non-native land brings numerous challenges that may complicate adaptation and health for older Latin American immigrants in Australia. While religiosity emerges as a protective factor for mental health, there is scarce research focused on exploring the multifaceted dimensions of religiosity in this population. As part of a broad Constructivist Grounded Theory study, the aim of this qualitative descriptive analysis was to explore and understand this population’s religious practices and experiences, focusing on the impact on their mental health. Following ethical approval, 23 Spanish-speaking Latin American immigrants aged 60 and older living in Australia were interviewed. Data analysis was performed on a constant comparative basis and concurrent with data collection to understand the findings. Three key categories were identified: “Being involved in religious groups and communities,” “Connecting with God,” and “Changing how one lives one’s faith.” Regardless of their religious practices, all participants engaged in social activities that helped them integrate into their communities. Several barriers to religious practices were identified. The findings add to the field of religiosity as a protective factor in older Latin American immigrants’ mental health. Future research should identify barriers to religious practices and targeted interventions. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Authors: Hormazábal-Salgado, Raul , Whitehead, Dean , Osman, Abdi , Hills, Danny
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Issues in Mental Health Nursing Vol. 45, no. 11 (2024), p. 1194-1200
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Ageing in a non-native land brings numerous challenges that may complicate adaptation and health for older Latin American immigrants in Australia. While religiosity emerges as a protective factor for mental health, there is scarce research focused on exploring the multifaceted dimensions of religiosity in this population. As part of a broad Constructivist Grounded Theory study, the aim of this qualitative descriptive analysis was to explore and understand this population’s religious practices and experiences, focusing on the impact on their mental health. Following ethical approval, 23 Spanish-speaking Latin American immigrants aged 60 and older living in Australia were interviewed. Data analysis was performed on a constant comparative basis and concurrent with data collection to understand the findings. Three key categories were identified: “Being involved in religious groups and communities,” “Connecting with God,” and “Changing how one lives one’s faith.” Regardless of their religious practices, all participants engaged in social activities that helped them integrate into their communities. Several barriers to religious practices were identified. The findings add to the field of religiosity as a protective factor in older Latin American immigrants’ mental health. Future research should identify barriers to religious practices and targeted interventions. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
The pathway building technique in implementation research using mixed methods design
- Younas, Ahtisham, Porr, Caroline, Maddigan, Joy, Moore, Julia, Navarro, Pablo, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Younas, Ahtisham , Porr, Caroline , Maddigan, Joy , Moore, Julia , Navarro, Pablo , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Vol. 56, no. 1 (2024), p. 5-15
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Data integration refers to combining quantitative and qualitative data in mixed methods. It can be achieved through several integration procedures. The building integration procedure can be used for developing quantitative instruments by integrating data from the qualitative phase. There are limited examples of data integration using the building procedure in mixed methods and implementation science. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to illustrate how the pathway building technique can be used to integrate data in mixed methods research through concurrent use of implementation science models and frameworks. Methods: This two pathway building technique was developed based on a mixed methods implementation project of developing implementation strategies to promote compassionate nursing care of complex patients. Results: The first pathway is the integration of qualitative data from the first phase of mixed methods study with implementation models and frameworks to create a quantitative instrument (i.e., a Q-sort survey) for the subsequent phase. The second pathway is the operationalization of the Q-sort survey results (i.e., implementation strategies) using an implementation science specification framework. Conclusion: The pathway technique is valuable for mixed methods research and implementation science as it offers a theory-based innovative method to tackle integration challenge. © The Author(s) 2023.
- Authors: Younas, Ahtisham , Porr, Caroline , Maddigan, Joy , Moore, Julia , Navarro, Pablo , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Vol. 56, no. 1 (2024), p. 5-15
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Data integration refers to combining quantitative and qualitative data in mixed methods. It can be achieved through several integration procedures. The building integration procedure can be used for developing quantitative instruments by integrating data from the qualitative phase. There are limited examples of data integration using the building procedure in mixed methods and implementation science. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to illustrate how the pathway building technique can be used to integrate data in mixed methods research through concurrent use of implementation science models and frameworks. Methods: This two pathway building technique was developed based on a mixed methods implementation project of developing implementation strategies to promote compassionate nursing care of complex patients. Results: The first pathway is the integration of qualitative data from the first phase of mixed methods study with implementation models and frameworks to create a quantitative instrument (i.e., a Q-sort survey) for the subsequent phase. The second pathway is the operationalization of the Q-sort survey results (i.e., implementation strategies) using an implementation science specification framework. Conclusion: The pathway technique is valuable for mixed methods research and implementation science as it offers a theory-based innovative method to tackle integration challenge. © The Author(s) 2023.
- Sikhosana, Nqobile, Whitehead, Dean, Moxham, Lorna, Karacsony, Sara, Namasivayam, Pathmavathy, Fernandez, Ritin
- Authors: Sikhosana, Nqobile , Whitehead, Dean , Moxham, Lorna , Karacsony, Sara , Namasivayam, Pathmavathy , Fernandez, Ritin
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care Vol. 14, no. e1 (2024), p. E162-E172
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background Healthcare organisations are transforming the way care is delivered to people with a life-limiting illness with an increased focus on recognising the voice of the persons experiencing the illness and putting them in the centre of decision-making. However, the clinical practice remains largely based on the views of healthcare professionals and families or carers of the person with the illness. Objectives To synthesise the best available evidence on the experience of persons living with a life-limiting illness about expressing their voice during communication with healthcare professionals. Design Systematic review and meta-synthesis. Data sources CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Review methods A structured search was conducted to identify qualitative studies that reported on the experience of persons living with a life-limiting illness. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. The review was undertaken using the JBI and PRISMA guidelines. Results The expression of the voice of persons living with a life-limiting illness is influenced by: (1) the uncertain future surrounding illness trajectory and prognosis; (2) what is known from experience, media, family and friends; (3) emotional and psychological factors and (4) control and personal autonomy. Conclusions In the early stages of a life-limiting illness, the voice of those experiencing the disease is not always audible. Instead, this voice is potentially present but silent and carried and promoted within healthcare professionals’ values of accountability, professionalism, respect, altruism, equality, integrity and morality. © 2024 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
Predictors of life satisfaction : a nationwide investigation in Iran
- Salehi, Nasim, Joshanloo, Mohsen, Lamont, Scott, Whitehead, Dean
- Authors: Salehi, Nasim , Joshanloo, Mohsen , Lamont, Scott , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health and Social Care in the Community Vol. 2024, no. (2024), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Iran is a developing country with low levels of economic development and globalization and is ruled by a theocratic government. To address the lack of national research on well-being in Iran, this retrospective observational study aims to examine life satisfaction and its main determinants among Iranian adults. Using World Gallup Poll data collected between 2006 and 2017, we examined life satisfaction as a cognitive aspect of subjective well-being in relation to various factors. Our results show that income is the strongest predictor of life satisfaction, followed by standard of living, gender, social support, age, negative affect, and education. In developing countries such as Iran, which face significant economic, political, and social challenges, individuals prioritize the satisfaction of basic needs by emphasizing factors such as the socioeconomic status. In contrast, developed countries with established welfare systems may emphasize other values such as social connections and healthy lifestyle behaviors as key factors in life satisfaction. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the determinants of life satisfaction in Iran and provides insights for future research and policy making. © 2024 Nasim Salehi et al.
- Authors: Salehi, Nasim , Joshanloo, Mohsen , Lamont, Scott , Whitehead, Dean
- Date: 2024
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health and Social Care in the Community Vol. 2024, no. (2024), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Iran is a developing country with low levels of economic development and globalization and is ruled by a theocratic government. To address the lack of national research on well-being in Iran, this retrospective observational study aims to examine life satisfaction and its main determinants among Iranian adults. Using World Gallup Poll data collected between 2006 and 2017, we examined life satisfaction as a cognitive aspect of subjective well-being in relation to various factors. Our results show that income is the strongest predictor of life satisfaction, followed by standard of living, gender, social support, age, negative affect, and education. In developing countries such as Iran, which face significant economic, political, and social challenges, individuals prioritize the satisfaction of basic needs by emphasizing factors such as the socioeconomic status. In contrast, developed countries with established welfare systems may emphasize other values such as social connections and healthy lifestyle behaviors as key factors in life satisfaction. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the determinants of life satisfaction in Iran and provides insights for future research and policy making. © 2024 Nasim Salehi et al.
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »