First record of pectoral sandpiper calidris melanotus for bali Island, Indonesia, at Serangan Island in Benoa Bay
- Jones, Steve, Trainor, Colin
- Authors: Jones, Steve , Trainor, Colin
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Wader Study Vol. 123, no. 2 (2016), p. 153-155
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: On 19 August 2015, SJ visited Serangan Island, Bali Island, Indonesia (8°44'22''S, 115°13'13''E; Fig. 1), making an initial stop at a large pond in the centre-west near Benoa Bay. The pond is also part of a project to reclaim parts of Benoa Bay and is ‘land under reclamation’; it is landlocked and fed by rainwater and not affected by tidal movements. As the tide recedes thousands of shorebirds and waterbirds disperse to all areas of Benoa Bay, and return again to these ponds on the incoming tide. Shorebird species that stay at the ponds during low tide are usually quieter and hence there are opportunities to take photographs. While attempting to photograph birds of local interest such as Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius, SJ took photographs of two birds; one was clearly a Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola, but the other with bright yellow legs could not be identified in the field. When the photos were processed the yellow-legged bird was identified as a Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata, but when later uploaded online it was confirmed on social media by several shorebirders (see Acknowledgements) as a Pectoral Sandpiper C. melanotus. About six photographs were taken initially, but SJ returned to take clearer shots on 21 August 2015. The identity of the bird was then confirmed and it was also considered to be a probable adult female. The key features visible in the photos that distinguish Pectoral from Sharp-tailed Sandpiper include the obvious pectoral band, yellowish legs and ‘small-headedness’ (Fig. 2). It was not seen by SJ on subsequent visits made with the specific aim of relocating the bird (25–26 & 28 August 2015), so it had presumably left the site.
- Authors: Jones, Steve , Trainor, Colin
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Wader Study Vol. 123, no. 2 (2016), p. 153-155
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: On 19 August 2015, SJ visited Serangan Island, Bali Island, Indonesia (8°44'22''S, 115°13'13''E; Fig. 1), making an initial stop at a large pond in the centre-west near Benoa Bay. The pond is also part of a project to reclaim parts of Benoa Bay and is ‘land under reclamation’; it is landlocked and fed by rainwater and not affected by tidal movements. As the tide recedes thousands of shorebirds and waterbirds disperse to all areas of Benoa Bay, and return again to these ponds on the incoming tide. Shorebird species that stay at the ponds during low tide are usually quieter and hence there are opportunities to take photographs. While attempting to photograph birds of local interest such as Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius, SJ took photographs of two birds; one was clearly a Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola, but the other with bright yellow legs could not be identified in the field. When the photos were processed the yellow-legged bird was identified as a Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata, but when later uploaded online it was confirmed on social media by several shorebirders (see Acknowledgements) as a Pectoral Sandpiper C. melanotus. About six photographs were taken initially, but SJ returned to take clearer shots on 21 August 2015. The identity of the bird was then confirmed and it was also considered to be a probable adult female. The key features visible in the photos that distinguish Pectoral from Sharp-tailed Sandpiper include the obvious pectoral band, yellowish legs and ‘small-headedness’ (Fig. 2). It was not seen by SJ on subsequent visits made with the specific aim of relocating the bird (25–26 & 28 August 2015), so it had presumably left the site.
Status of shorebirds on Flores island, Wallacea, Indonesia, and identification of key sites
- Schellekens, Mark, Trainor, Colin
- Authors: Schellekens, Mark , Trainor, Colin
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Stilt Vol. 2016, no. 69-70 (2016), p. 20-36
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The shorebirds of most Wallacean islands, including Flores (13,540 km2), are poorly-known. We document new information on the status of shorebirds on Flores from more than 611 visits to 37 sites during 2000-2013, and review records from a total of 55 sites. Forty-two shorebird species have been recorded on Flores: five resident breeding species (e.g. Comb-crested Jacana Irediparra gallinacea and Javan Plover Charadrius javanicus), one probable breeding-visitor (Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis), 33 Palearctic non-breeding visitor, one Nearctic vagrant, and two Austral non-breeding visitors (Australian Pratincole Stiltia isabella and Masked Lapwing Vanellus miles). The Greater Painted-snipe is the only species that has not been recorded during the past 40 years. Coastal wetland sites are relatively small (<1,000 ha) and lack extensive intertidal mudflats. Maximum total counts of migratory shorebirds were low (<500-1,000 birds) with only four migrant shorebirds counts of >100 individuals. Most Palearctic migrants were rare, with 19 of 33 species recorded on fewer than 10 occasions/days. The Labuan Bajo area (22 migratory shorebirds) and Maumere Bay (28 migratory shorebirds) are at least nationally significant sites for shorebirds. Other interesting results were the: (1) presence of Javan Plover at Labuan Bajo which may regularly hold more than 1% of the global population; (2) the rarity of Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis, Curlew Sandpiper C. ferruginea, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper C. acuminata and Australian Pratincole, which occur frequently, and in substantially larger numbers, on nearby Timor Island; and (3) the absence of several migrant shorebirds which apparently overfly Flores (e.g. Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa and Red Knot Calidris canutus). We also make suggestions for further field surveys. © AWSG.
- Authors: Schellekens, Mark , Trainor, Colin
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Stilt Vol. 2016, no. 69-70 (2016), p. 20-36
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The shorebirds of most Wallacean islands, including Flores (13,540 km2), are poorly-known. We document new information on the status of shorebirds on Flores from more than 611 visits to 37 sites during 2000-2013, and review records from a total of 55 sites. Forty-two shorebird species have been recorded on Flores: five resident breeding species (e.g. Comb-crested Jacana Irediparra gallinacea and Javan Plover Charadrius javanicus), one probable breeding-visitor (Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis), 33 Palearctic non-breeding visitor, one Nearctic vagrant, and two Austral non-breeding visitors (Australian Pratincole Stiltia isabella and Masked Lapwing Vanellus miles). The Greater Painted-snipe is the only species that has not been recorded during the past 40 years. Coastal wetland sites are relatively small (<1,000 ha) and lack extensive intertidal mudflats. Maximum total counts of migratory shorebirds were low (<500-1,000 birds) with only four migrant shorebirds counts of >100 individuals. Most Palearctic migrants were rare, with 19 of 33 species recorded on fewer than 10 occasions/days. The Labuan Bajo area (22 migratory shorebirds) and Maumere Bay (28 migratory shorebirds) are at least nationally significant sites for shorebirds. Other interesting results were the: (1) presence of Javan Plover at Labuan Bajo which may regularly hold more than 1% of the global population; (2) the rarity of Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis, Curlew Sandpiper C. ferruginea, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper C. acuminata and Australian Pratincole, which occur frequently, and in substantially larger numbers, on nearby Timor Island; and (3) the absence of several migrant shorebirds which apparently overfly Flores (e.g. Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa and Red Knot Calidris canutus). We also make suggestions for further field surveys. © AWSG.
Predicting the geographical distributions of the macaque hosts and mosquito vectors of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in forested and non-forested areas
- Moyes, Catherine, Shearer, Freya, Huang, Zhi, Wiebe, Antoinette, Gibson, Harry, Nijman, Vincent, Mohd-Azlan, Jayasilan, Brodie, Jebediah, Malaivijitnond, Suchinda, Linkie, Matthew, Samejima, Hiromitsu, O'Brien, Timothy, Trainor, Colin, Hamada, Yuzuru, Giordano, Anthony, Kinnaird, Margaret, Elyazar, Iqbal, Sinka, Marianne, Vythilingam, Indra, Bangs, Michael, Pigott, David, Weiss, Daniel, Golding, Nick, Hay, Simon
- Authors: Moyes, Catherine , Shearer, Freya , Huang, Zhi , Wiebe, Antoinette , Gibson, Harry , Nijman, Vincent , Mohd-Azlan, Jayasilan , Brodie, Jebediah , Malaivijitnond, Suchinda , Linkie, Matthew , Samejima, Hiromitsu , O'Brien, Timothy , Trainor, Colin , Hamada, Yuzuru , Giordano, Anthony , Kinnaird, Margaret , Elyazar, Iqbal , Sinka, Marianne , Vythilingam, Indra , Bangs, Michael , Pigott, David , Weiss, Daniel , Golding, Nick , Hay, Simon
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Parasites and Vectors Vol. 9, no. 1 (2016), p. 1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Plasmodium knowlesi is a zoonotic pathogen, transmitted among macaques and to humans by anopheline mosquitoes. Information on P. knowlesi malaria is lacking in most regions so the first step to understand the geographical distribution of disease risk is to define the distributions of the reservoir and vector species. Methods: We used macaque and mosquito species presence data, background data that captured sampling bias in the presence data, a boosted regression tree model and environmental datasets, including annual data for land classes, to predict the distributions of each vector and host species. We then compared the predicted distribution of each species with cover of each land class. Results: Fine-scale distribution maps were generated for three macaque host species (Macaca fascicularis, M. nemestrina and M. leonina) and two mosquito vector complexes (the Dirus Complex and the Leucosphyrus Complex). The Leucosphyrus Complex was predicted to occur in areas with disturbed, but not intact, forest cover (> 60 % tree cover) whereas the Dirus Complex was predicted to occur in areas with 10-100 % tree cover as well as vegetation mosaics and cropland. Of the macaque species, M. nemestrina was mainly predicted to occur in forested areas whereas M. fascicularis was predicted to occur in vegetation mosaics, cropland, wetland and urban areas in addition to forested areas. Conclusions: The predicted M. fascicularis distribution encompassed a wide range of habitats where humans are found. This is of most significance in the northern part of its range where members of the Dirus Complex are the main P. knowlesi vectors because these mosquitoes were also predicted to occur in a wider range of habitats. Our results support the hypothesis that conversion of intact forest into disturbed forest (for example plantations or timber concessions), or the creation of vegetation mosaics, will increase the probability that members of the Leucosphyrus Complex occur at these locations, as well as bringing humans into these areas. An explicit analysis of disease risk itself using infection data is required to explore this further. The species distributions generated here can now be included in future analyses of P. knowlesi infection risk. © 2016 Moyes et al.
- Authors: Moyes, Catherine , Shearer, Freya , Huang, Zhi , Wiebe, Antoinette , Gibson, Harry , Nijman, Vincent , Mohd-Azlan, Jayasilan , Brodie, Jebediah , Malaivijitnond, Suchinda , Linkie, Matthew , Samejima, Hiromitsu , O'Brien, Timothy , Trainor, Colin , Hamada, Yuzuru , Giordano, Anthony , Kinnaird, Margaret , Elyazar, Iqbal , Sinka, Marianne , Vythilingam, Indra , Bangs, Michael , Pigott, David , Weiss, Daniel , Golding, Nick , Hay, Simon
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Parasites and Vectors Vol. 9, no. 1 (2016), p. 1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Plasmodium knowlesi is a zoonotic pathogen, transmitted among macaques and to humans by anopheline mosquitoes. Information on P. knowlesi malaria is lacking in most regions so the first step to understand the geographical distribution of disease risk is to define the distributions of the reservoir and vector species. Methods: We used macaque and mosquito species presence data, background data that captured sampling bias in the presence data, a boosted regression tree model and environmental datasets, including annual data for land classes, to predict the distributions of each vector and host species. We then compared the predicted distribution of each species with cover of each land class. Results: Fine-scale distribution maps were generated for three macaque host species (Macaca fascicularis, M. nemestrina and M. leonina) and two mosquito vector complexes (the Dirus Complex and the Leucosphyrus Complex). The Leucosphyrus Complex was predicted to occur in areas with disturbed, but not intact, forest cover (> 60 % tree cover) whereas the Dirus Complex was predicted to occur in areas with 10-100 % tree cover as well as vegetation mosaics and cropland. Of the macaque species, M. nemestrina was mainly predicted to occur in forested areas whereas M. fascicularis was predicted to occur in vegetation mosaics, cropland, wetland and urban areas in addition to forested areas. Conclusions: The predicted M. fascicularis distribution encompassed a wide range of habitats where humans are found. This is of most significance in the northern part of its range where members of the Dirus Complex are the main P. knowlesi vectors because these mosquitoes were also predicted to occur in a wider range of habitats. Our results support the hypothesis that conversion of intact forest into disturbed forest (for example plantations or timber concessions), or the creation of vegetation mosaics, will increase the probability that members of the Leucosphyrus Complex occur at these locations, as well as bringing humans into these areas. An explicit analysis of disease risk itself using infection data is required to explore this further. The species distributions generated here can now be included in future analyses of P. knowlesi infection risk. © 2016 Moyes et al.
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