Understanding barriers to mental health service utilization for adolescents in rural Australia
- Aisbett, Damon, Boyd, Candice, Francis, Kristy, Newnham, Krystal, Newnham, Karyn
- Authors: Aisbett, Damon , Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Newnham, Krystal , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 7, no. (2007), p. 1-10
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: INTRODUCTION: There is a general paucity of research in the area of rural adolescent mental health in Australia, and in particular a lack of data regarding the experiences of rural adolescents who seek help for mental health problems. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis in order to assist understanding of the barriers to mental health service utilization for young people in rural communities. METHOD: A series of interviews were conducted with each of the study's participants, who ranged in age from 15 to 17 years. All participants were clients of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the rural cities of Horsham and Ararat, Victoria, Australia. RESULTS: Participants described how the lack of reliable transport to and from the mental health service affected the utilization of the service by rural young people. They also expressed concern regarding a lack of qualified professionals in their region who specialize in child and adolescent mental health. Participants reported frustration at long waiting lists and the lack of an after-hours service. One participant shared her experiences of deliberate self-harm to in order to gain access. Results also revealed that rural gossip networks and social visibility within rural communities compounded the experience of stigma and social exclusion for these young people. Furthermore, participants explained how these experiences negatively impacted on their utilization of the mental health service and their progress towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS: There are several barriers to mental health service utilization for rural adolescents which affect both their decision to access help as well as their ability to engage effectively with mental health services over time. Clinicians who work with rural adolescents need to be mindful of the influence of rural culture on mental health service utilization by young people. The co-location of mental health services and general health services is suggested as one way to reduce the fear associated with 'being seen' entering a stand-alone mental health service. It is suggested that treatment programs for adolescents in rural areas address the different types of stigma that these young people are likely to encounter. Furthermore, community and school-based interventions aimed at reducing the social stigma of young people with mental illness in rural areas is recommended.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005804
- Authors: Aisbett, Damon , Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Newnham, Krystal , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 7, no. (2007), p. 1-10
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: INTRODUCTION: There is a general paucity of research in the area of rural adolescent mental health in Australia, and in particular a lack of data regarding the experiences of rural adolescents who seek help for mental health problems. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis in order to assist understanding of the barriers to mental health service utilization for young people in rural communities. METHOD: A series of interviews were conducted with each of the study's participants, who ranged in age from 15 to 17 years. All participants were clients of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the rural cities of Horsham and Ararat, Victoria, Australia. RESULTS: Participants described how the lack of reliable transport to and from the mental health service affected the utilization of the service by rural young people. They also expressed concern regarding a lack of qualified professionals in their region who specialize in child and adolescent mental health. Participants reported frustration at long waiting lists and the lack of an after-hours service. One participant shared her experiences of deliberate self-harm to in order to gain access. Results also revealed that rural gossip networks and social visibility within rural communities compounded the experience of stigma and social exclusion for these young people. Furthermore, participants explained how these experiences negatively impacted on their utilization of the mental health service and their progress towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS: There are several barriers to mental health service utilization for rural adolescents which affect both their decision to access help as well as their ability to engage effectively with mental health services over time. Clinicians who work with rural adolescents need to be mindful of the influence of rural culture on mental health service utilization by young people. The co-location of mental health services and general health services is suggested as one way to reduce the fear associated with 'being seen' entering a stand-alone mental health service. It is suggested that treatment programs for adolescents in rural areas address the different types of stigma that these young people are likely to encounter. Furthermore, community and school-based interventions aimed at reducing the social stigma of young people with mental illness in rural areas is recommended.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005804
Attachment disorder, basic trust and educational psychology
- King, Michael, Newnham, Karyn
- Authors: King, Michael , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 27-35
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- Reviewed:
- Description: The label Attachment Disorder (AD) is used as either a description of a child's presentation, or as a diagnostic category. It is unclear whether this label is intended to be identical with the DSM-IV Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) diagnostic category, or if it is a separate diagnosis based on Randolph's Questionnaire and the premises underlying this instrument. The third option is that any allusion to "attachment" relates to a position which has evolved from Bowlby. All three variants of this diagnostic label allude to early parent-child interactions, and thus imply the need for remedial interventions at the parent-child level. There are limited options for such interventions at school. A more fruitful interpretation is that the inference of inadequate early childhood interactions designates an incomplete early psycho-social task (the development of Basic Trust) and this perspective leads towards credibly promising school-based interventions.
- Description: C1
- Authors: King, Michael , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 27-35
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The label Attachment Disorder (AD) is used as either a description of a child's presentation, or as a diagnostic category. It is unclear whether this label is intended to be identical with the DSM-IV Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) diagnostic category, or if it is a separate diagnosis based on Randolph's Questionnaire and the premises underlying this instrument. The third option is that any allusion to "attachment" relates to a position which has evolved from Bowlby. All three variants of this diagnostic label allude to early parent-child interactions, and thus imply the need for remedial interventions at the parent-child level. There are limited options for such interventions at school. A more fruitful interpretation is that the inference of inadequate early childhood interactions designates an incomplete early psycho-social task (the development of Basic Trust) and this perspective leads towards credibly promising school-based interventions.
- Description: C1
Issues in rural adolescent mental health in Australia
- Boyd, Candice, Aisbett, Damon, Francis, Kristy, Kelly, Melinda, Newnham, Karyn, Newnham, Krystal
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Francis, Kristy , Kelly, Melinda , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote health Vol. 6, no. 501 (2006), p. 1-9
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The mental health of adolescents living in rural Australia has received little research attention. In this article, the extant literature on rural adolescent mental health in Australia is reviewed. Given the lack of literature on this topic, the review is centered on a vignette presented at the beginning of the article. The case represented by the vignette is that of a young Australian growing up in a rural area. The issues raised – including the nature of mental health issues for rural adolescents and barriers to seeking professional help – are then discussed in terms of the available literature. The article concludes with a future focus for research efforts in the area of rural adolescent mental health.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001815
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Francis, Kristy , Kelly, Melinda , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote health Vol. 6, no. 501 (2006), p. 1-9
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The mental health of adolescents living in rural Australia has received little research attention. In this article, the extant literature on rural adolescent mental health in Australia is reviewed. Given the lack of literature on this topic, the review is centered on a vignette presented at the beginning of the article. The case represented by the vignette is that of a young Australian growing up in a rural area. The issues raised – including the nature of mental health issues for rural adolescents and barriers to seeking professional help – are then discussed in terms of the available literature. The article concludes with a future focus for research efforts in the area of rural adolescent mental health.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001815
Rural adolescents' attitudes to seeking help for mental health problems
- Francis, Kristy, Boyd, Candice, Aisbett, Damon, Newnham, Karyn, Newnham, Krystal
- Authors: Francis, Kristy , Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Youth Studies Australia Vol. 25 , no. 4 (2006), p. 42-49
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Little research has been undertaken into the barriers facing rural adolescents seeking help and support for mental health problems. This study presented students from rural secondary schools in Victoria with hypothetical scenarios of an adolescent living in a rural area with a mental disorder and posed questions inorder to create group discussion. The results revealed a range of perceived barriers to help-seeking that could be considered unique to rural settings. However, adolescents also expressed positive attitudes and identified a range of professional help sources available to them. The findings support recent moves towards providing school-based mental health services to young people in rural areas.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001811
- Authors: Francis, Kristy , Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Youth Studies Australia Vol. 25 , no. 4 (2006), p. 42-49
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Little research has been undertaken into the barriers facing rural adolescents seeking help and support for mental health problems. This study presented students from rural secondary schools in Victoria with hypothetical scenarios of an adolescent living in a rural area with a mental disorder and posed questions inorder to create group discussion. The results revealed a range of perceived barriers to help-seeking that could be considered unique to rural settings. However, adolescents also expressed positive attitudes and identified a range of professional help sources available to them. The findings support recent moves towards providing school-based mental health services to young people in rural areas.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001811
Affective anomia : An interventional focus for Attachment Disorder
- King, Michael, Newnham, Karyn
- Authors: King, Michael , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 103-113
- Full Text:
- Description: It has been proposed that social disconnectedness at school age can stem from early unsatisfactory attachment experiences. This interpretation leads to the somewhat diffuse label "Attachment Disorder" (AD) however there exist few school-relevant interventions for the various forms of AD. A new perspective (King and Newnham, 2008) with more promising avenues for intervention has proposed that: a. AD be seen as instances of the failure to (thus far) master the fundamental socio-developmental level of Basic Trust described by Erikson and by Blos. b. The failure to experience and to master Basic Trust goes hand in hand with an inadequate ability to identify and predict emotional responses of others - this deficit being precisely linked with the social/behavioural deficits which are described as AD. c. By school age, deficient Basic Trust may be appropriately strengthened by acquiring the capacity to anticipate other people's affective responses - that is, Affective Empathy (AE). d. School relevant interventions for a range of resistant social and behavioural problems may be based upon improving AE. Building upon this interpretation and applying the communication model of Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory (SCT) a short class-based intervention was designed with overt goal of more exciting and interesting story writing skills to help all students, and the covert goal of improved Affective Empathy. Testing the hypothesis that AE can be changed, in a pilot study of three one hour lessons held at 2-week intervals, a group of 7 students, mean age 10y11m, found significantly improved their scores on the test of AE.
- Authors: King, Michael , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 103-113
- Full Text:
- Description: It has been proposed that social disconnectedness at school age can stem from early unsatisfactory attachment experiences. This interpretation leads to the somewhat diffuse label "Attachment Disorder" (AD) however there exist few school-relevant interventions for the various forms of AD. A new perspective (King and Newnham, 2008) with more promising avenues for intervention has proposed that: a. AD be seen as instances of the failure to (thus far) master the fundamental socio-developmental level of Basic Trust described by Erikson and by Blos. b. The failure to experience and to master Basic Trust goes hand in hand with an inadequate ability to identify and predict emotional responses of others - this deficit being precisely linked with the social/behavioural deficits which are described as AD. c. By school age, deficient Basic Trust may be appropriately strengthened by acquiring the capacity to anticipate other people's affective responses - that is, Affective Empathy (AE). d. School relevant interventions for a range of resistant social and behavioural problems may be based upon improving AE. Building upon this interpretation and applying the communication model of Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory (SCT) a short class-based intervention was designed with overt goal of more exciting and interesting story writing skills to help all students, and the covert goal of improved Affective Empathy. Testing the hypothesis that AE can be changed, in a pilot study of three one hour lessons held at 2-week intervals, a group of 7 students, mean age 10y11m, found significantly improved their scores on the test of AE.
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