List of Titles

Patient deterioration education: Evaluation of face-to-face simulation and e-simulation approaches

- Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Bogossian, Fiona, Kinsman, Leigh, Bucknall, Tracey

Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Bogossian, Fiona , Kinsman, Leigh , Bucknall, Tracey
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 11, no. 2 (2015), p. 97-105
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Description: Background Simulation-based education is one strategy that may be used to teach nursing students to recognize and manage patient deterioration. Method Final-year preregistration nursing students (n = 97) completed three face-to-face laboratory-based team simulations with a simulated patient (actor) and 330 students individually completed a three-scenario Web-based simulation program: FIRST2ACTWeb™. Results Both groups achieved moderate performance scores (means: face to face, 49%; e-simulation, 69%). Course evaluations were positive, skill gain showing a greater effect size in the face-to-face program than for e-simulation, and higher satisfaction and more positive appraisal. Conclusion Face-to-face simulation and e-simulation are effective educational strategies with e-simulation offering greater feasibility. Either strategy is likely to add value to the learning experience.

A trial of e-simulation of sudden patient deterioration (FIRST2ACT WEB

- Bogossian, Fiona, Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Porter, Joanne, Forbes, Helen, McKenna, Lisa, Kinsman, Leigh, Endacott, Ruth, Devries, Brett, Philips, Nicole, Bucknall, Tracey, Young, Susan, Kain, Victoria

Authors: Bogossian, Fiona , Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Porter, Joanne , Forbes, Helen , McKenna, Lisa , Kinsman, Leigh , Endacott, Ruth , Devries, Brett , Philips, Nicole , Bucknall, Tracey , Young, Susan , Kain, Victoria
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 35, no. 10 (2015), p. e36-e42
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Description: Background: High-fidelity simulation pedagogy is of increasing importance in health professional education; however, face-to-face simulation programs are resource intensive and impractical to implement across large numbers of students. Objectives: To investigate undergraduate nursing students' theoretical and applied learning in response to the e-simulation program-FIRST2ACT WEBTM, and explore predictors of virtual clinical performance. Design and setting: Multi-center trial of FIRST2ACT WEBTM accessible to students in five Australian universities and colleges, across 8 campuses. Participants: A population of 489 final-year nursing students in programs of study leading to license to practice. Methods: Participants proceeded through three phases: (i) pre-simulation-briefing and assessment of clinical knowledge and experience; (ii) e-simulation-three interactive e-simulation clinical scenarios which included video recordings of patients with deteriorating conditions, interactive clinical tasks, pop up responses to tasks, and timed performance; and (iii) post-simulation feedback and evaluation.Descriptive statistics were followed by bivariate analysis to detect any associations, which were further tested using standard regression analysis. Results: Of 409 students who commenced the program (83% response rate), 367 undergraduate nursing students completed the web-based program in its entirety, yielding a completion rate of 89.7%; 38.1% of students achieved passing clinical performance across three scenarios, and the proportion achieving passing clinical knowledge increased from 78.15% pre-simulation to 91.6% post-simulation.Knowledge was the main independent predictor of clinical performance in responding to a virtual deteriorating patient R2=0.090, F(7, 352)=4.962, p<0.001. Discussion: The use of web-based technology allows simulation activities to be accessible to a large number of participants and completion rates indicate that 'Net Generation' nursing students were highly engaged with this mode of learning. Conclusion: The web-based e-simulation program FIRST2ACTTM effectively enhanced knowledge, virtual clinical performance, and self-assessed knowledge, skills, confidence, and competence in final-year nursing students. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

What's in a name? Clarifying the nomenclature of virtual simulation

- Cant, Robyn, Cooper, Simon J., Sussex, Roland, Bogossian, Fiona

Authors: Cant, Robyn , Cooper, Simon J. , Sussex, Roland , Bogossian, Fiona
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 27, no. (2019), p. 26-30
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Description: Clinical simulation is an essential component of health professional education. Digital technologies can provide students with near-reality, interactive virtual simulation learning experiences on static and mobile appliances. Clarification is needed, however, regarding the various types of virtual simulation and the different program components. We drew on published literature to define virtual simulation modalities and to offer definitive terminology to clarify the nomenclature and composition of virtual simulation. Reporting should include description of ‘Fidelity’ ‘Immersion’ and ‘Patient’ to add clarity and utility to research in the field.

Deteriorating patients : Global reach and impact of an e-simulation program

- Cooper, Simon J., Hopmans, Ruben, Cant, Robyn, Bogossian, Fiona, Giannis, Anita, King, Rosemary

Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Hopmans, Ruben , Cant, Robyn , Bogossian, Fiona , Giannis, Anita , King, Rosemary
Date: 2017
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 13, no. 11 (2017), p. 562-572
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Description: Background E-simulation may enable a feasible education solution to the management of deteriorating patients. Method The study involves a pre–post quasi-experimental evaluation of global data on educational outcomes from an e-simulation program. Results Qualified nurses (n = 1,229) and final year nursing students (n = 1,742) were among 5,511 participants from 20 countries who completed the program. Both groups’ knowledge and performance improved significantly (p = <.001) with no difference between groups. Regression analysis revealed predictors of performance were education level, knowledge, experience, and being female. Participants positively evaluated the program and mode of delivery. Conclusion E-simulation may enhance students’ preparation for practice and improve qualified nurses’ management of deteriorating patients. © 2017 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning

Undergraduate nursing students' peformance in recognising and responding to sudden patient deterioration in high psychological fidelity simulated environments: Quantitative results from an Australian multi-centre study

- Bogossian, Fiona, Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Beauchamp, Alison, Porter, Joanne, Kain, Victoria, Bucknall, Tracey, Phillips, Nicole

Authors: Bogossian, Fiona , Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Beauchamp, Alison , Porter, Joanne , Kain, Victoria , Bucknall, Tracey , Phillips, Nicole
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 34, no. 5 (2014), p. 691-696
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Description: Objectives This paper reports the quantitative findings of the first phase of a larger program of ongoing research: Feedback Incorporating Review and Simulation Techniques to Act on Clinical Trends (FIRST2ACTTM). It specifically aims to identify the characteristics that may predict primary outcome measures of clinical performance, teamwork and situation awareness in the management of deteriorating patients. Design Mixed-method multi-centre study. Setting High fidelity simulated acute clinical environment in three Australian universities. Participants A convenience sample of 97 final year nursing students enrolled in an undergraduate Bachelor of Nursing or combined Bachelor of Nursing degree were included in the study. Method In groups of three, participants proceeded through three phases: (i) pre-briefing and completion of a multi-choice question test, (ii) three video-recorded simulated clinical scenarios where actors substituted real patients with deteriorating conditions, and (iii) post-scenario debriefing. Clinical performance, teamwork and situation awareness were evaluated, using a validated standard checklist (OSCE), Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) score sheet and Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT). A Modified Angoff technique was used to establish cut points for clinical performance. Results Student teams engaged in 97 simulation experiences across the three scenarios and achieved a level of clinical performance consistent with the experts' identified pass level point in only 9 (1%) of the simulation experiences. Knowledge was significantly associated with overall teamwork (p = .034), overall situation awareness (p = .05) and clinical performance in two of the three scenarios (p = .032 cardiac and p = .006 shock). Situation awareness scores of scenario team leaders were low overall, with an average total score of 41%. Conclusions Final year undergraduate nursing students may have difficulty recognising and responding appropriately to patient deterioration. Improving pre-requisite knowledge, rehearsal of first response and team management strategies need to be a key component of undergraduate nursing students' education and ought to specifically address clinical performance, teamwork and situation awareness.

Clinical placements in contemporary nursing education: Where is the evidence?

- McKenna, Lisa, Cant, Robyn, Bogossian, Fiona, Cooper, Simon, Levett-Jones, Tracy, Seaton, Philippa

Authors: McKenna, Lisa , Cant, Robyn , Bogossian, Fiona , Cooper, Simon , Levett-Jones, Tracy , Seaton, Philippa
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 83, no. (2019), p.
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Description: Clinical practice is fundamental to the learning of undergraduate and entry-level nursing students. It provides the milieu whereby students apply classroom theory and simulated practice to the real world of nursing and become socialised into the profession. In contemporary nursing education, there is often competition among tertiary education providers to locate quality, appropriate placements; substantial costs may be incurred to access suitable placements.

Situation awareness in undergraduate nursing students managing simulated patient deterioration

- McKenna, Lisa, Missen, Karen, Cooper, Simon J., Bogossian, Fiona, Bucknall, Tracey, Cant, Robyn

Authors: McKenna, Lisa , Missen, Karen , Cooper, Simon J. , Bogossian, Fiona , Bucknall, Tracey , Cant, Robyn
Date: 2014
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 34, no. 6 (June 2014), p. e27-e31
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Description: Background: Nursing work often occurs in complex and potentially hazardous settings. Awareness of patient and practice environments is an imperative for nurses in practice. Objectives: To explore nursing students' situation awareness while engaging in simulated patient deterioration scenarios. Design: The educational process of FIRST2ACT was the model for the nurse intervention. Situation awareness was measured quantitatively using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment tool. Four domains were measured: physiological perception (patient parameters), global perception (surroundings), comprehension (interpretation of information), and projection (forecasting outcomes). Settings: Clinical laboratories at each of three participating universities. Participants: Ninety-seven nursing students from three Australian universities. Methods: Between March and July 2012, students participated in three video-recorded simulation events, in which a trained actor played patient roles and groups of three students worked as teams. To measure situation awareness, following the simulation each team leader was taken to a separate room and asked to report on a question set regarding the patient's vital signs, bedside setting and medical diagnosis. Results and Conclusions: Overall, situation awareness was low (41%). Of the four domains, physiological perceptions scored the lowest (26%) and projection the highest (59%).Final year nursing students may not have well developed situation awareness skills, especially when dealing with these types of scenarios. Education providers need to consider ways to assist students to fully develop this attribute. Findings suggest that this is an aspect of undergraduate nursing education that requires significant consideration by curriculum developers.

Simulation based learning in midwifery education: a systematic review

- Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Porter, Joanne, Bogossian, Fiona, McKenna, Lisa, Brady, Susannah, Fox-Young, Stephanie

Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Porter, Joanne , Bogossian, Fiona , McKenna, Lisa , Brady, Susannah , Fox-Young, Stephanie
Date: 2012
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Women and Birth Vol. 25, no. 2 (2012), p. 64-78
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Description: Abstract Aim To critically examine the evidence for simulation based learning in midwifery education. Background Simulated Learning Programs (SLPs) using low to high fidelity techniques are common in obstetric professionals’ education and focus on the development of team work, labour and obstetric emergencies. Review methods A systematic review incorporating critical appraisal approaches, setting clear objectives and a defined search and analysis strategy. Evidence from obstetrics, neonatology, technical and non-technical skills (teamwork) was included where it informed the development of midwifery curricula. Studies in English from 2000 to 2010 were included searching CINAHL Plus, OVID Medline, Cochrane, SCOPUS and ProQuest and Google Scholar. Results Twenty-four papers were identified that met the inclusion criteria. All were quantitative reports; outcomes and levels of evidence varied with two notable papers indicating that simulation had an impact on clinical practice. Benefits of SLP over didactic formats were apparent, as were the development of non-technical skills confidence and competence. The study outcomes were limited by the range of evidence and context of the reports which focussed on obstetric emergency training using a number of simulation techniques. Conclusion There is evidence that simulated learning of midwifery skills is beneficial. Simulation learning has an educational and clinical impact and advantages over didactic approaches. Where clinical practice is infrequent i.e. obstetric emergencies, simulation is an essential component of curricula. Simulation enhances practice and therefore may reduce the time taken to achieve competence; however there is no evidence from the literature that simulation should replace clinical practice.

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Managing patient deterioration: A protocol for enhancing student nurses' competence through web-based simulation and feedback techniques

- Cooper, Simon J., Beauchamp, Alison, Bogossian, Fiona, Bucknall, Tracey, Cant, Robyn, Devries, Brett, Endacott, Ruth, Forbes, Helen, Hill, Robyn, Kinsman, Leigh, Kain, Victoria, McKenna, Lisa, Porter, Joanne, Phillips, Nicole, Young, Susan

Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Beauchamp, Alison , Bogossian, Fiona , Bucknall, Tracey , Cant, Robyn , Devries, Brett , Endacott, Ruth , Forbes, Helen , Hill, Robyn , Kinsman, Leigh , Kain, Victoria , McKenna, Lisa , Porter, Joanne , Phillips, Nicole , Young, Susan
Date: 2012
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: BMC Nursing Vol. 11, no. 18 (2012), p.1-7
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Description: Aims To describe a funded proposal for the development of an on-line evidence based educational program for the management of deteriorating patients. Background There are international concerns regarding the management of deteriorating patients with issues around the ‘failure to rescue’. The primary response to these issues has been the development of medical emergency teams with little focus on the education of primary first responders. Design/Methods A mixed methods triangulated convergent design. In this four phase proposal we plan to 1. examine nursing student team ability to manage deteriorating patients and based upon these findings 2. develop web based educational material, including interactive scenarios. This educational material will be tested and refined in the third Phase 3, prior to evaluation and dissemination in the final phase. Conclusion This project aims to enhance knowledge development for the management of deteriorating patients through rigorous assessment of team performance and to produce a contemporary evidence-based online training program.

Doing the right thing at the right time: Assessing responses to patient deterioration in electronic simulation scenarios using course-of-action analysis.

- Cooper, Simon J., Cant, Robyn, Bogossian, Fiona, Bucknall, Tracey, Hopmans, Ruben

Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Bogossian, Fiona , Bucknall, Tracey , Hopmans, Ruben
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing Vol. 33, no. 5 (2015), p. 199-207
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Description: International studies indicate that the recognition and management of deteriorating patients in hospitals are poor and that patient assessment is often inadequate. Face-to-face simulation programs have been shown to have an impact on educational and clinical outcomes; however, little is known about performance in contemporary healthcare e-simulation approaches. Using data from an open-access Web-based patient deterioration program (FIRSTACTWeb), the performance of 367 Australian nursing students in identification of treatment priorities and clinical actions was analyzed using a military model of Course of Action Simulation Analysis. Participants' performance in the whole program demonstrated a significant improvement in knowledge and skills (P ≤ .001) with high levels of participant satisfaction. Course of Action Simulation Analysis modeling identified three key participant groupings within which only 18% took the "best course of action" (the right actions and timing), with most (70%) completing the right actions but in the wrong order. The remaining 12% produced incomplete assessments and actions in an incorrect sequence. Contemporary approaches such as e-simulation do enhance educational outcomes. Measurement of performance when combined with Course of Action Simulation Analysis becomes a useful tool in the description of outcomes, an understanding of decision making, and the prediction of future events.

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