Showing items 12241 - 12260 of 17057

Mental health problems in rural contexts : A broader perspective

  • Authors: Boyd, Candice , Hayes, Louise , Sewell, Jessica , Caldwell, Kirra , Kemp, Evan , Harvie, Lisa , Aisbett, Damon , Nurse, Sarah
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Psychologist Vol. 43, no. 1 (2008), p. 2-6
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  • Description: The objectives of this article are to expand and comment upon a recent review in Australian Psychologist of the literature in relation to mental health problems in rural contexts by Jackson et al. (2007). In the present article we review recently published qualitative research on the help-seeking attitudes and experiences of rural Australian adolescents. While we agree on the utility of the Macintyre, Ellaway, and Cummins (2002) conceptual framework based on notions of health and place, we note that this framework specifically emphasises the importance of the collective dimension. We present a broader perspective on health and place than Jackson et al. (2007) by incorporating social geographic research. We argue that rural mental health research has been hampered by a simplistic view of social stigma of mental illness and that a more thorough conceptualisation of the phenomenon is needed. Finally, we make some further recommendations based on a broader perspective of mental health in rural contexts: one that incorporates an in-depth understanding of the help-seeking attitudes and experiences of rural adolescents as well as an appreciation of the collective social functioning of rural communities.
  • Description: C1

Methodology for measuring distortions to agricultural incentives

Metric regularity and systems of generalized equations

  • Authors: Dmitruk, Andrei , Kruger, Alexander
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications Vol. 342, no. 2 (2008), p. 864-873
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  • Description: The paper is devoted to a revision of the metric regularity property for mappings between metric or Banach spaces. Some new concepts are introduced: uniform metric regularity and metric multi-regularity for mappings into product spaces, when each component is perturbed independently. Regularity criteria are established based on a nonlocal version of Lyusternik-Graves theorem due to Milyutin. The criteria are applied to systems of generalized equations producing some "error bound" type estimates. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Minimization of CTS of k-CNOT circuits for SSF and MSF model

Mobile payment implementation: a reference framework

  • Authors: Venkatraman, Sitalakshmi
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Business Information Systems Vol. 3, no. 3 (2008), p. pg. 252-271
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  • Description: Over the last few years, there has been a growing prevalence of electronic commerce with most consumers and businesses preferring cashless mode of payments. The recent advancements in wireless data infrastructures have created a new channel for mobile payments. Not all mobile payment implementations, however, are successful from the business point of view as well as the consumer point of view, thereby decelerating the growth of m-business one of the main reasons being lack of suitable guidance or planning for a successful mobile payment adoption. This paper attempts to address this problem by proposing a reference framework or roadmap that adopts the Multicriteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model, incorporating both technical as well as business perspectives for mobile payment implementations. This is illustrated with a case study from the retail industry that adopts the framework for its mobile payment venture. The findings of the study are also discussed.

Mobility of arsenic and selected metals during re-flooding of iron- and organic-rich acid-sulfate soil

  • Authors: Burton, Edward , Bush, Richard , Sullivan, Leigh , Johnston, Scott , Hocking, Rosalie
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Chemical Geology Vol. 253, no. 1-2 (2008), p. 64-73
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  • Description: The drainage-induced oxidation of iron-sulfide minerals in acid-sulfate soils has adversely affected large areas of coastal floodplains. Re-flooding of these soils, via the re-establishment of more natural drainage regimes, is a potential remediation approach. Here we describe the mobility of Al, As, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn during controlled re-flooding of an Fe- and organic-rich acid-sulfate soil material. Soil re-flooding caused the onset of microbially-mediated Fe(III)-reduction, which raised the pH of the initially acidic (pH 3.4) soil to pH 6.0 to 6.5, thereby immobilizing Al. The process of Fe(III)-reduction released high concentrations of FeII and was associated with significant mobilization of As. During the early stages of re-flooding, FeII mobility was controlled by dissolution of schwertmannite (Fe8O8(OH)6SO4) with an ion activity product (IAP) of 1019 ± 2. The mobility of FeII was subsequently controlled by the precipitation of siderite (FeCO3) with an IAP spanning 10- 10 to 10- 7.5. The formation of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), as a product of SO4-reduction, further retarded the mobility of FeII. Interactions with AVS also strongly immobilized Mn, Ni and Zn, yet had little effect on As which remained relatively mobile in the re-flooded soil. This study shows that the mobilization of As and Fe during soil re-flooding should be considered when planning remediation approaches for acid-sulfate soils. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Model-free subspace based dynamic control of mechanical manipulators

Modeling Keynes with Kalecki

Modelling choice : Factors influencing modes of delivery in Australian universities

  • Authors: Smith, Andy , Ling, Peter , Hill, Doug
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Research in Post-Compulsory Education Vol. 13, no. 3 (2008), p. 295-306
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  • Description: This paper reports the findings of a study of Multiple Modes of Delivery in Australian universities that was commissioned by Australian Universities Teaching Committee over the period 2001-2004. The project examined and described the various means of educational delivery deployed by Australian universities. It identified the pedagogical, organisational and environmental factors impacting on university decisions to diversify course delivery across more than one location or mode. In this paper the authors report briefly on the first matter - the modes of delivery employed by Australian Universities. The paper focuses on the second issue - factors influencing university decision-making about modes of delivery.
  • Description: 2003006065

Modelling of desiccation crack development in clay soils

Modified global k-means algorithm for minimum sum-of-squares clustering problems

  • Authors: Bagirov, Adil
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Pattern Recognition Vol. 41, no. 10 (2008), p. 3192-3199
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0666061
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  • Description: k-Means algorithm and its variations are known to be fast clustering algorithms. However, they are sensitive to the choice of starting points and inefficient for solving clustering problems in large data sets. Recently, a new version of the k-means algorithm, the global k-means algorithm has been developed. It is an incremental algorithm that dynamically adds one cluster center at a time and uses each data point as a candidate for the k-th cluster center. Results of numerical experiments show that the global k-means algorithm considerably outperforms the k-means algorithms. In this paper, a new version of the global k-means algorithm is proposed. A starting point for the k-th cluster center in this algorithm is computed by minimizing an auxiliary cluster function. Results of numerical experiments on 14 data sets demonstrate the superiority of the new algorithm, however, it requires more computational time than the global k-means algorithm.
  • Description: k-Means algorithm and its variations are known to be fast clustering algorithms. However, they are sensitive to the choice of starting points and inefficient for solving clustering problems in large data sets. Recently, a new version of the k-means algorithm, the global k-means algorithm has been developed. It is an incremental algorithm that dynamically adds one cluster center at a time and uses each data point as a candidate for the k-th cluster center. Results of numerical experiments show that the global k-means algorithm considerably outperforms the k-means algorithms. In this paper, a new version of the global k-means algorithm is proposed. A starting point for the k-th cluster center in this algorithm is computed by minimizing an auxiliary cluster function. Results of numerical experiments on 14 data sets demonstrate the superiority of the new algorithm, however, it requires more computational time than the global k-means algorithm. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Description: 2003001713

Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of a serine proteinase from Japanese edible mushroom, Grifola frondosa : Solving the structure - Function anomaly of a reported aminopeptidase

  • Authors: Islam, Mohammed
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Electronic Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11, no. 4 (2008), p.
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  • Description: The N-terminal amino acid sequence of an aminopeptidase from Japanese edible mushroom, Grifola frondosa, was reported to have high similarity with that of a serine proteinase from basidiomycete, Agaricus bisporous (Nishiwaki and Hayashi, 2001). The full-length cDNA and the corresponding genomic DNA of the enzyme were cloned, based on the reported N-terminal amino acid sequence. The predicted open reading frame (ORF) of the cloned cDNA, encoding a product of 379 amino acids, was expressed in E. coli using pET expression vector. The expressed pro-enzyme (40 kDa) underwent autolysis to produce the mature protein (30 kDa) and a pro-peptide (10 kDa). The mature protein and the pro-peptide remained tightly bound to each other and could not be separated by Ni-NTA metal affinity chromatography or Q-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography. The enzyme was inactive in the bound form. Upon treatment with subtilisin, the bound pro-peptide was further hydrolyzed and a high serine proteinase activity was recovered. No aminopeptidase activity was detected at any stage of the protein processing. These results clearly indicated that the N-terminal amino acid sequence and the function of the reported aminopeptidase were not derived from the same protein entity and hence caused the structure-function anomaly. © 2008 by Pontificia Universidad Cato?lica de Valparai?so.

Money, value, and accounting in the 21st century

  • Authors: Hettihewa, Samanthala , Wright, Christopher
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Global Accounting and Organisational Change Conference
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  • Description: This paper is a speculative discussion on the accounting foundation principles of cost equals value and money is the basic unit of measure for value. Over the last 10 millennia, the social institution of accounting has created value by facilitating the flow of information and the formation of trust between those with wealth and those claiming to be to put that wealth to its best use. While the form and function of money changed and evolved many times, Accounting has for thousands of years given money place-of-pride in measuring value. The contribution of this study is in its warning, to accounting, that continuing double exponential growth in incomes may cause what money currently measures to be an increasingly poor proxy for society's evolving sense of value. If that occurs and if accounting fails to evolve apace with the society it serves, it risks becoming socially irrelevant. Thus, it may be prudent for accounting theorists to join the budding debate on the nature of money and value.
  • Description: E1

Monotonic analysis over cones : III

  • Authors: Dutta, J. , Martinez-Legaz, Juan , Rubinov, Alex
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Convex Analysis Vol. 15, no. 3 (2008), p. 561-579
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  • Description: This paper studies the class of increasing and co-radiant (ICR) functions over a cone equipped with an order relation which agrees with the conic structure. In particular, a representation of ICR functions as abstract convex functions is provided. This representation suggests the introduction of some polarity notions between sets. The relationship between ICR functions and increasing positively homogeneous functions is also shown.
  • Description: C1

Moore bound for mixed networks

  • Authors: Nguyen, Minh Hoang , Miller, Mirka
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Discrete Mathematics Vol. 308, no. 23 (Dec 2008), p. 5499-5503
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  • Description: Mixed graphs contain both undirected as well as directed links between vertices and therefore are an interesting model for interconnection communication networks. In this paper, we establish the Moore bound for mixed graphs, which generalizes both the directed and the undirected Moore bound. Crown Copyright (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Moving forward : How best do we investigate parental supervision of children at the beach?

  • Authors: Blitvich, Jennifer , Petrass, Lauren , Finch, Caroline
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at 2008 Australian Water Safety Conference : Water safety - everyone's responsibility, Crowne Plaza Darling Harbour, Sydney, New South Wales : 15th-16th May 2008 p. 103-106
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  • Description: Introduction/background: Previous University of Ballarat research identified that parents supervise their children with less vigilance at swimming pools than playgrounds, despite the serious consequences potentially associated with inadequate supervision at pools. The closed environment of public pools and the presence of lifeguards may be influential in lowering parental guard. The proposed research project aims to investigate parental supervision at beaches, specifically related to child injury risk and drowning prevention. The research is still in the design phase and the researchers seek input from water safety experts to assist in project development. This session will be interactive, providing ample opportunity for audience members to contribute to discussion. Methods: Following a brief outline of our research to date and current plans for further research, the presenters will invite expert comment from conference delegates regarding study design. It is anticipated that the ensuing discussion will be interesting and stimulating. Discussion: Consequent to this session and the discussion it fosters, the researchers will refine their research plans. The opportunity to receive input from the group of interested and concerned individuals who make up the Water Safety 2008 audience will enhance the proposed research, leading to an improved research project, the findings of which will help water safety stakeholders in targeting their drowning prevention programs. Conclusion: Expert opinion is a recognised process for research design development. Water Safety 2008 provides an ideal forum to enhance the proposed research through interaction with practitioners. In turn, the findings of this research will provide important information to those actively involved in the fight against drowning.
  • Description: 2003007659

MTE water remediation using Loy Yang brown coal as a filter bed adsorbent

  • Authors: Butler, Craig , Green, Alison , Chaffee, Alan
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Fuel Vol. 87, no. 6 (2008), p. 894-904
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  • Description: The future development of a non-evaporative brown coal dewatering technique called Mechanical Thermal Expression (MTE) will produce large volumes of acidic, salty and organic rich product water. The overall viability of the MTE process will, in turn rely on the availability of a simple and energy-efficient water remediation strategy. Water treatment using the feed coal itself as an adsorbent may provide such an option. In this study a fixed-bed configuration of raw Loy Yang coal was employed. When the adsorbent was first exposed to MTE water, most of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and most of the multivalent cations in solution were adsorbed. However, breakthrough of monovalent cations occurred after a volume of MTE water equivalent to just two times the volume of the adsorbent bed itself (2 bed volumes (BVs)) had passed, with only small proportions of Na and K being retained. About 60% (30 mg/g, db) of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and about 25% (0.16 mmol/g, db) of the total cations were removed after passing 20 BV of MTE water through the adsorbent bed. This corresponds to an adsorbent requirement that is 1.4% of the amount of coal to be dewatered. Thus, the use of brown coal adsorbent beds may be an effective primary water treatment option. However specific organic and inorganic components are likely to require further reduction prior to discharge to the environment

Multi-dimensional adaptive SINR based vertical handoff for heterogeneous wireless networks

  • Authors: Yang, Kemeng , Gondal, Iqbal , Qiu, Bin
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Communications Letters Vol. 12, no. 6 (2008), p. 438-440
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  • Description: Vertical handoff in next generation heterogeneous wireless networks is a multi-dimensional issue. In this article we propose a multi-dimensional adaptive SINR based vertical handoff algorithm (MASVH) which uses the combined effects of SINR, user required bandwidth, user traffic cost and utilization from participating access networks to make handoff decisions for multi-attribute QoS consideration. Simulation results confirm that the new MASVH algorithm improves the system performance in terms of higher throughput and lower dropping probability, as well as reduces the user traffic cost for accessing the integrated wireless networks.

Multiple Aboriginal place names in Western Victoria, Australia

  • Authors: Clark, Ian
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Twenty-third International Congress of Onomastic Sciences, Toronto, Canada : 17th-22nd August 2008
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  • Description: In a recent paper on transparency versus opacity in Australian Aboriginal place names, linguist Michael Walsh (2002: 47) noted that in ‘Aboriginal Australia it is relatively common for a given place to have multiple names’. In providing an overview of multiple naming practices Walsh (2002: 47) stated the ‘simplest case is one place having two names. Such doublets can be intralectal or crosslectal. For intralectal doublets where there are two names for the one place in the same lect, both placenames may be opaque, both transparent, or one opaque and one transparent. … The same applies to crosslectal doublets where two names for the one place come from different lects’. Walsh (2002) observed that he was unclear on how multiple naming works and what its function is. Other than some case studies (Schebeck 2002 re Flinders Ranges, Sutton 2002 re the Wik region, Cape York, and Tamisari 2002), we are yet to gain a comprehensive picture for Aboriginal Australia. This paper adds to this discussion through a consideration of multiple naming in western Victoria using the results of research conducted by Clark and Heydon (2002) into Victorian Aboriginal place names. The paper also considers the policy implications of multiple indigenous naming for place name administration in Victoria. Victoria has adopted a dual naming policy that recognises a non-indigenous and an indigenous toponym for the one place but is yet to accept multiple indigenous naming.
  • Description: 2003007363

Multiple radio channels and directional antennas in suburban ad hoc networks

  • Authors: Rokonuzzaman, S. K. , Pose, Ronald , Gondal, Iqbal
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: 2008 International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications p. 379-386
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  • Description: The Suburban Ad Hoc Network (SAHN) is a cooperative ad hoc wireless mesh network. Nodes are owned and operated by end-users without reliance on central infrastructure. It provides symmetrical bandwidth allowing peer-to-peer services and distributed servers. We minimize the use of scarce unlicensed RF spectrum supported by Smart Antenna technology. RF interference in such networks and techniques and strategies to reduce it are examined. Traffic is spread across multiple frequency channels, and multiple directional beams to achieve improved spatial re-use. We focus on the control of smart antennas rather than their design. By dynamically adjusting our network topology using Smart Antennas and dynamically re-routing current communications we optimize the network for its current traffic needs.