An item response theory analysis of the Carver and White (1994) BIS/BAS Scales
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Cooper, Andrew , Gomez, Andre
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 39, no. 6 (2005), p. 1093-1103
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- Description: The Carver and White BIS/BAS Scales comprise a scale for measuring behavioural inhibition sensitivity and three scales for measuring the behavioural activation sensitivity factors of reward responsiveness, drive and fun seeking. Item response theory (IRT), using Samejima's (1969) graded response model, was used to examine the psychometric properties of these four scales. A total of 520 adult participants completed the BIS/BAS Scales. Although all items in all four scales were reasonably effective in discriminating their respective traits, they provided good measures of their respective latent traits from only moderately low to moderately high trait levels. Also, the category response curves for the first three of the four response options for the items in the reward responsiveness scale showed considerable overlap. These findings suggest some limitations in the psychometric qualities of the BIS/BAS Scale. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001244
Item response theory analyses of adolescent self-ratings of the ADHD symptoms in the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 53, no. 8 (2012), p. 963-968
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- Description: The graded response model (GRM) was used to evaluate the item response theory properties of the ADHD inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms in the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale-Self Report (DBRS-SR). This measure was completed by 363 adolescents, between 12 and 17. years of age. The findings showed that all symptoms were generally good for discriminating their respective latent traits. For most symptoms, their threshold values suggested that they were good at representing the appropriate traits from the mean trait levels, and their information values began to increase substantially from around -1. SD from the mean. These findings indicate good psychometric properties for the DBRS-SR. The practical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Item response theory analysis of the recoded Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF)
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Beard, Charlotte , Pontes, Halley
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction Vol. 17, no. 4 (2019), p. 859-879
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- Description: Based on the nine criteria for Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in DSM-5, the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale 9-Short Form (IGDS9-SF; Pontes and Griffiths 2015) is the most widely used questionnaire for assessing IGD. The present study examined support for the unidimensional factor structure of the instrument, with a group of 868 adolescent and adult gamers from the USA, with criteria recoded as present or absent. The two-parameter logistic model (2PLM) was used to examine the item response theory properties of the criteria included in the measure. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor model. The 2PLM analysis indicated that all the criteria were strong discriminators of high and low latent IGD. Furthermore, the items measured more of the GAD dimension and with more precision from around +2 SD from the mean trait level. The implications of the findings for interpreting the IGDS9-SF scores for clinical practice are discussed.
The Development of a short form of the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire
- Authors: Cooper, Andrew , Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Individual Differences Vol. 29, no. 2 (2008), p. 90-104
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- Description: The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) has been proposed as a measure of the behavioral approach system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS). Previous research with the SPSRQ has highlighted potential problems with the factor structure of the measure and individual item properties. The aim of the current studies was to use factor analytic and item response theory (IRT) methods to examine the psychometric properties of the SPSRQ. A further aim was to develop a short version of the SPSRQ. In Study 1, 393 adult participants completed the SPSRQ. The results from this study highlighted problems with the factor structure and item properties that had been noted in previous research. On this basis, a short form of the measure was proposed. In Study 2, the short form of the SPSRQ was tested with an independent sample (N = 327). These analyses suggested the short form of the SPSRQ had an improved factor structure, good item properties, and acceptable reliability.
Item response theory analyses of adult self-ratings of the ADHD symptoms in the current symptoms scale
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Assessment Vol. 18, no. 4 (2011), p. 476-486
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- Description: The graded response model, which is based on item response theory, was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of adult self-ratings (N = 852) of the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptoms presented in the Current Symptoms Scale. This scale has four ordered response categories. The results for the discrimination parameters showed that all symptoms were generally good for discriminating their respective latent traits. For virtually all symptoms, their threshold values showed that they were especially good at representing the appropriate traits from around the mean trait level onward. The item information function values for most symptoms indicated reasonable reliability from approximately the mean trait level onward. All these findings are new and extend existing psychometric information for adult self-ratings of the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in the Current Symptoms Scale.
Item response theory analyses of parent and teacher ratings of the ADHD symptoms for recoded dichotomous scores
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Vance, Alasdair , Gomez, Andre
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Attention Disorders Vol. 15, no. 4 (2011), p. 269-285
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- Description: Objective: The two-parameter logistic model (2PLM) was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) symptoms. Method: To accomplish this, parents and teachers completed the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS) for a group of 934 primary school-aged children. Results: The results for the discrimination parameters showed that all the IA and HI symptoms for both groups of respondents were generally good for discriminating those with and without IA and HI, respectively. For virtually all symptoms, their threshold values showed endorsement of the symptoms when the underlying trait levels were at least 1 to 1.5 SD above the mean. The item information function values for most symptoms indicated reasonable reliability from around the mean trait levels to moderately high trait levels. Conclusion: These findings indicate good discrimination and reliability for parent and teacher ratings of the DBRS for identifying children with relatively high levels of the ADHD symptoms. (J. of Att. Dis. 2011; 15(4) 269-285) © 2011 SAGE Publications.
Item response theory analysis of the anxiety and mood disorders in clinic-referred children
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Vance, Alasdair
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Assessment Vol. 25, no. 2 (2016), p. 235-246
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- Description: There is evidence that the major anxiety and depressive disorders could reflect a single underlying internalization factor. For a group of 1,031 clinic-referred children, the study examined support for this factor, and used the two-parameter logistic model to examine the item response theory properties of the disorders in this factor. For the set of anxiety and depressive disorders, confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor model. The two-parameter logistic model analysis indicated that all the internalizing disorders in this factor were strong discriminators of the internalizing dimension. Also, they measured more of the internalizing dimension and with more precision in the upper half of the trait continuum. There was also support for the convergent validity of the internalizing dimension, in that it had large-to-medium effect size correlations with internalizing scores of other measures. The implications of the findings for clinical practice and clinical classification are discussed.
DSM-IV ADHD symptoms self-ratings by adolescents: Test of invariance across gender
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Attention Disorders Vol. 17, no. 1 (2013), p. 3-10
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- Description: Objective: Generalized partial credit model, which is based on item response theory (IRT), was used to test differential item functioning (DIF) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.), inattention (IA), and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) symptoms across boys and girls. Method: To accomplish this, parents completed an ADHD rating scale for 403 boys and 380 girls, between 6 and 11 years of age. Results: The findings indicated no DIF for all the slope parameters for both the IA and HI symptoms. For location parameters, there was no DIF for all the IA symptoms and for seven of the nine HI symptoms. However, the effect sizes for the DIF symptoms were small. Thus, there was good support for gender equivalency for the ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: These findings extend existing data on gender equivalency of ADHD symptoms, obtained using other methodologies for testing measurement equivalency.
Psychometric properties of the Bergen social media addiction scale : an analysis using item response theory
- Authors: Zarate, Daniel , Hobson, Ben , March, Evita , Griffiths, Mark , Stavropoulos, Vasileios
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Addictive Behaviors Reports Vol. 17, no. (2023), p.
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- Description: Background: Social media use has become an everyday behavior in contemporary life resulting in increased participation. A minority of individuals, especially younger adults, may engage excessively with the medium, resulting in the emergence of problematic social media use (PSMU). One way of assessing PSMU is by administering the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). The present study investigated the psychometric properties and prevalence of the BSMAS using Item Response Theory (IRT). Additionally, it evaluated risk factors such as gender and age. Methods: A relatively large community sample (N = 968, Mage = 29.5 years, SD = 9.36, 32.5% women) completed the BSMAS online. Results: IRT analyses showed differences regarding the BSMAS items’ discrimination, difficulty, and reliability capacities, with a raw score exceeding 26 (out of 30) indicating a higher risk of PSMU (n = 11; 1.1%). Females and younger participants were at greater risk of developing PSMU. Conclusion: The BSMAS functions as a reliable measure of PSMU, particularly between average to high levels of the trait. Additionally, younger participants were shown to be at higher risk of PSMU suggesting that prevention and intervention protocols should focus on this group. © 2022 The Author(s)