6G wireless systems : a vision, architectural elements, and future directions
- Authors: Khan, Latif , Yaqoob, Ibrar , Imran, Muhammad , Han, Zhu , Hong, Choong
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 8, no. (2020), p. 147029-147044
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- Description: Internet of everything (IoE)-based smart services are expected to gain immense popularity in the future, which raises the need for next-generation wireless networks. Although fifth-generation (5G) networks can support various IoE services, they might not be able to completely fulfill the requirements of novel applications. Sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems are envisioned to overcome 5G network limitations. In this article, we explore recent advances made toward enabling 6G systems. We devise a taxonomy based on key enabling technologies, use cases, emerging machine learning schemes, communication technologies, networking technologies, and computing technologies. Furthermore, we identify and discuss open research challenges, such as artificial-intelligence-based adaptive transceivers, intelligent wireless energy harvesting, decentralized and secure business models, intelligent cell-less architecture, and distributed security models. We propose practical guidelines including deep Q-learning and federated learning-based transceivers, blockchain-based secure business models, homomorphic encryption, and distributed-ledger-based authentication schemes to cope with these challenges. Finally, we outline and recommend several future directions. © 2013 IEEE.
Edge computing for Internet of Everything : a survey
- Authors: Kong, Xiangjie , Wu, Yuhan , Wang, Hui , Xia, Feng
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Internet of Things Journal Vol. 9, no. 23 (2022), p. 23472-23485
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- Description: In this era of the Internet of Everything (IoE), edge computing has emerged as the critical enabling technology to solve a series of issues caused by an increasing amount of interconnected devices and large-scale data transmission. However, the deficiencies of edge computing paradigm are gradually being magnified in the context of IoE, especially in terms of service migration, security and privacy preservation, and deployment issues of edge node. These issues can not be well addressed by conventional approaches. Thanks to the rapid development of upcoming technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and microservices, novel and more effective solutions have emerged and been applied to solve existing challenges. In addition, edge computing can be deeply integrated with technologies in other domains (e.g., AI, blockchain, 6G, and digital twin) through interdisciplinary intersection and practice, releasing the potential for mutual benefit. These promising integrations need to be further explored and researched. In addition, edge computing provides strong support in applications scenarios, such as remote working, new physical retail industries, and digital advertising, which has greatly changed the way we live, work, and study. In this article, we present an up-to-date survey of the edge computing research. In addition to introducing the definition, model, and characteristics of edge computing, we discuss a set of key issues in edge computing and novel solutions supported by emerging technologies in IoE era. Furthermore, we explore the potential and promising trends from the perspective of technology integration. Finally, new application scenarios and the final form of edge computing are discussed. © 2014 IEEE.