Attitudes, implementation and practice of family presence during resuscitation (FPDR): a quantitative literature review
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Sellick, Kenneth
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Emergency Nursing Vol. 21, no. 1 (2013), p. 26-34
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- Description: Aim To undertake a review of the quantitative research literature, to determine emergency staff and public attitudes, to support the implementation and practice of family presence during resuscitation in the emergency department. Background FPDR although endorsed by numerous resuscitation councils, cardiac, trauma and emergency associations, continues to be topical, the extent to which it is implemented and practiced remains unclear. Review methods A review of the quantitative studies published between 1992 and October 2011 was undertaken using the following databases: CINAHL, Ovid Medline, PSYCHINFO, Pro-Quest, Theses Database, Cochrane, and Google Scholar search engine. The primary search terms were ‘family presence’, and ‘resuscitation’. The final studies included in this paper were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme criteria. Results Fourteen studies were included in this literature review. These included quantitative descriptive designs, pre and post-test designs and one randomized controlled trial (RCT). The studies were divided into three main research areas; investigation of emergency staff attitudes and opinions, family and general public attitudes, and four papers evaluating family presence programs in the emergency department. Studies published prior to 2000 were included in the background. Conclusion FPDR in the emergency department is well recognised and documented among policy makers, the extent in which it is implemented and practiced remains unclear. Further research is needed to assess how emergency staff are educated and trained in order to facilitate family presence during resuscitation attempts.
Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR): Preceived benefits, barriers and enablers to implementation and practice
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Selllick, Kenneth
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Emergency Nursing Vol. 22, no. 2 (2014), p. 69-74
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- Description: Introduction There are a number of perceived benefits and barriers to family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) in the emergency department, and debate continues among health professionals regarding the practice of family presence. Aim This review of the literature aims to develop an understanding of the perceived benefits, barriers and enablers to implementing and practicing FPDR in the emergency department. Results The perceived benefits include; helping with the grieving process; everything possible was done, facilitates closure and healing and provides guidance and family understanding and allows relatives to recognise efforts. The perceived barriers included; increased stress and anxiety, distracted by relatives, fear of litigation, traumatic experience and family interference. There were four sub themes that emerged from the literature around the enablers of FPDR, these included; the need for a designated support person, the importance of training and education for staff and the development of a formal policy within the emergency department to inform practice. Conclusion In order to ensure that practice of FPDR becomes consistent, emergency personnel need to understand the need for advanced FPDR training and education, the importance of a designated support person role and the evidence of FPDR policy as enablers to implementation.
Emergency resuscitation team roles: What constitutes a team and who's looking after the family
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Taylor, Beverley
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Nursing Education and Practice Vol. 4, no. 3 (2014), p. 124
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- Description: Aim of study: This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of personnel working in emergency departments on the constitution of a resuscitation team in particular the perceptions of the family liaison role. Methods: A paper base survey on family presence during resuscitation was distributed to emergency personnel working in 18 public departments in the state of Victoria, Australia. Results: A combination of nurses (n = 282) and doctors (n = 65) working in rural and metropolitan emergency departments, identified seven unique resuscitation team roles. Resuscitation teams were identified as comprising of three doctors, three nurses and one other which could be either. Respondents identified seven unique roles as consisting of a team leader, airway doctor, airway nurse, procedure doctor and procedure nurse, drugs nurse and a scribe. The respondents identified the following components as key to discussions with family members; emergency personnel, reassurance, diagnosis, regular updates, intervention, and prognosis (ER-DRIP). Conclusion: The acronym ER-DRIP can be used as a reminder to emergency staff when speaking with family members during resuscitation events ensuring they receive all the necessary information and support.
Rating teams’ non-technical skills in the emergency department : A qualitative study of nurses’ experience
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cant, Robyn , Cooper, Simon J.
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Emergency Nursing Vol. 38, no. (2018), p. 15-20
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- Description: Introduction: Non-technical skills (NTS) teamwork training can enhance clinicians’ understanding of roles and improve communication. We evaluated a quality improvement project rating teams’ NTS performance to determine the value of formal rating and debriefing processes. Methods: In two Australian emergency departments the NTS of resuscitation teams were rated by senior nurses and medical staff. Key measures were leadership, teamwork, and task management using a valid instrument: Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM™). Emergency nurses were asked to attend a focus group from which key themes around the quality improvement process were identified. Results: Main themes were: ‘Team composition’ (allocation of resuscitation team roles), ‘Resuscitation leadership’ (including both nursing and medical leadership roles) and ‘TEAM™ ratings promote reflective practice’ (providing staff a platform to discuss team effectiveness). Objective ratings were seen as enabling staff to provide feedback to other team members. Reflection on practice and debriefing were thought to improve communication, help define roles and responsibilities, and clarify leadership roles. Conclusion: Use of a non-technical skills rating scheme such as TEAM™ after team-based clinical resuscitation events was seen by emergency department nurses as feasible and a useful process for examining and improving multi-disciplinary practice, while improving team performance. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) : A survey of emergency personnel in Victoria, Australia
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Cooper, Simon J. , Taylor, Beverley
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal Vol. 18, no. 2 (2015), p. 98-105
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- Description: Background: Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) has been endorsed internationally by resuscitation councils since the year 2000; however, the extent to which FPDR is practiced in emergency settings requires further investigation. Methods: Emergency personnel ( n= 347) from 18 participating emergency departments across the state of Victoria, Australia completed a 10-page questionnaire, which was designed to develop an understanding of the current practice and implementation of FPDR and to ascertain the differences in practice between adult and paediatric resuscitations. Results: Emergency personnel update their adult and paediatric advanced life support qualifications annually with 87% of nurses and 65% of doctors completing adult life support and 72% of nurses and 49% of doctors completing paediatric advanced life support training. The majority of nursing staff reported support for FPDR (83%) with over 70% indicating that it is apart of their current practice. There was strong agreement from both nurses (79%) and doctors (77%) that the family have the right to be present. A family support person was deemed as essential by nurses (92%) and doctors (89%) when allowing family to be present. A factor analysis was conducted on participant statements, revealing four codes; impact on professional practice and performance, personnel beliefs about FPDR, professional satisfaction and the importance of a support person and saying goodbye. Conclusion: A family support person was highlighted as essential to the successful implementation of FPDR, together with the development of a comprehensive training the education program for emergency personnel. FPDR continues to be a significant issue and further investigation into FPDR practice and implementation in the ED is warranted. © 2014 College of Emergency Nursing Australasia Ltd.
Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) for the assessment of non-technical skills during resuscitation : Validation of the french version
- Authors: Maignan, Maxime , Koch, Francois-Xavier , Chaix, Jordane , Phellouzat, Pierre , Binauld, Gery , Collomb Muret, Roselyne , Cooper, Simon J. , Labarère, José , Danel, Vincent , Viglino, Damien , Debaty, Guillaume
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 101, no. (2016), p. 115-120
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- Description: Aim: Evaluation of team performances during medical simulation must rely on validated and reproducible tools. Our aim was to build and validate a French version of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) score, which was developed for the assessment of team performance and non-technical skills during resuscitation. Methods: A forward and backward translation of the initial TEAM score was made, with the agreement and the final validation by the original author. Ten medical teams were recruited and performed a standardized cardiac arrest simulation scenario. Teams were videotaped and nine raters evaluate non-technical skills for each team thanks to the French TEAM Score. Psychometric properties of the score were then evaluated. Results: French TEAM score showed an excellent reliability with a Cronbach coefficient of 0.95. Mean correlation coefficient between each item and the global score range was 0.78. The inter-rater reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient of the global score was 0.93. Finally, expert teams had higher French TEAM score than intermediate and novice teams. Conclusion: The French TEAM score shows good psychometric properties to evaluate team performance during cardiac arrest simulation. Its utilization could help in the assessment of non-technical skills during simulation. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Rating medical emergency teamwork performance: development of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM)
- Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Sellick, Kenneth , Porter, Joanne , Somers, George , Kinsman, Leigh , Nestel, Debra
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 81, no. 4 (2010), p. 446-452
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- Description: Aim To develop a valid, reliable and feasible teamwork assessment measure for emergency resuscitation team performance. Background Generic and profession specific team performance assessment measures are available (e.g. anaesthetics) but there are no specific measures for the assessment of emergency resuscitation team performance. Methods (1) An extensive review of the literature for teamwork instruments, and (2) development of a draft instrument with an expert clinical team. (3) Review by an international team of seven independent experts for face and content validity. (4) Instrument testing on 56 video-recorded hospital and simulated resuscitation events for construct, consistency, concurrent validity and reliability and (5) a final set of ratings for feasibility on fifteen simulated ‘real time’ events. Results Following expert review, selected items were found to have a high total content validity index of 0.96. A single ‘teamwork’ construct was identified with an internal consistency of 0.89. Correlation between the total item score and global rating (rho 0.95; p < 0.01) indicated concurrent validity. Inter-rater (k 0.55) and retest reliability (k 0.53) were ‘fair’, with positive feasibility ratings following ‘real time’ testing. The final 12 item (11 specific and 1 global rating) are rated using a five-point scale and cover three categories leadership, teamwork and task management. Conclusion In this primary study TEAM was found to be a valid and reliable instrument and should be a useful addition to clinicians’ tool set for the measurement of teamwork during medical emergencies. Further evaluation of the instrument is warranted to fully determine its psychometric properties.