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Dramatic level analysis for interactive narrative

- Macfadyen, Alyx, Stranieri, Andrew, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Macfadyen, Alyx , Stranieri, Andrew , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at NILE 2008: 5th International Conference on Narrative and Interactive Learning Environments, Edinburgh, Scotland : 6th-8th August 2008 p. 17-22
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  • Description: In interactive 3D narratives, a user’s narrative emerges through interactions with the system and embodied agencies (characters) mediated through the 3D environment. We present a methodology that identifies and measures four factors in interactive narrative where agency is present. We describe a technique for measuring drama, agency and engagement and compare the centrality of a designed interactive narrative with the emergent participatory narrative. This methodology has application as an analytic device for any interactive narrative where agency is fundamental. The adoption of the FrameNet semantic resource and the interpretation of interaction in narrative, situate this work in the domain of 3D interactive narratives, mixed and augmented realities and polymorphic narratives that cross forms of media.
  • Description: 2003006540

New traceability codes and identification algorithm for tracing pirates

- Wu, Xinwen, Watters, Paul, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Wu, Xinwen , Watters, Paul , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at 2008 International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2008, Sydney, New South Wales : 10th-12th December 2008 p. 719-724
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  • Description: With the increasing popularity of digital products, there is a strong desire to protect the rights of owners against illegal redistribution. Traditional encryption schemes alone do not provide a comprehensive solution to digital rights management, since they do not prevent users who are authorized to use a digital product for their own use from transferring the cleartext content to unauthorized users. However, traceability schemes can be used to trace the illegitimate redistributors effectively. Two types of traceability schemes have been proposed in the literature - traceability codes (TA codes), and codes with the identifiable parent properties (IPP codes). TA codes are special IPP codes, and many TA codes implement an efficient identification algorithm which can determine at least one redistributor. However, many IPP codes are not TA codes, in which case, no efficient identification algorithms are available. In this paper, we generalize the definition of TA codes to derive a new family of traceability codes that is much larger than the family of traditional TA codes. By using existing decoding algorithms with respect to the Lee distance, an efficient identification algorithm is proposed for generalized TA codes. Furthermore, we show that the identification algorithm of generalized TA codes can find more redistributors than those of traditional TA codes.
  • Description: 2003006288

Toward computer mediated elicitation of a community's core values for sustainable decision making

- Stranieri, Andrew, Yearwood, John, Afshar, Faye

Weblogs for market research : Improving opinion detection using system fusion

- Osman, Deanna, Yearwood, John, Vamplew, Peter

  • Authors: Osman, Deanna , Yearwood, John , Vamplew, Peter
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management, 2008, Melbourne, Victoria : 30th June - 2nd July 2008 p. 1-6
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  • Description: Searching for opinions on a specific product or service within blogs is a new frontier for market researchers. This research investigates the use of system fusion methods to improve mean average precision (MAP) results achieved by the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) Blog06 participants and reports the improved MAP results. It is hypothesized that diversity of the inputs is vital to maximising the MAP improvements. This is shown in the improvement in MAP values achieved by some of the participantpsilas ranked lists. The growth in the number of blog authors who write valuable opinions about their life experiences has led to an unsolicited resource of opinions on products, politics and services. In 2006, TREC collected blogs and set a task of detecting opinions on given topics to their participants, reporting the results using MAP.
  • Description: 2003007757

A fully automated CAD system using multi-category feature selection with restricted recombination

- Ghosh, Ranadhir, Ghosh, Moumita, Yearwood, John, Mukherjee, Subhasis

  • Authors: Ghosh, Ranadhir , Ghosh, Moumita , Yearwood, John , Mukherjee, Subhasis
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at 6th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science, ICIS 2007, Melbourne, Victoria : 11th-13th July 2007 p. 106-111
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  • Description: In pattern recognition problems features plays an important role for classification results. It is very important which features are used and how many features are used for the classification process. Most of the real life classification problem uses different category of features. It is desirable to find the optimal combination of features that improves the performance of the classifier. There exists different selection framework that selects the features. Mostly do not incorporate the impact of one category of features on another. Even if they incorporate, they produce conflict between the categories. In this paper we proposed a restricted crossover selection framework which incorporate the impact of different categories on each other, as well as it restricts the search within the category which searching in the global region of the search space. The results obtained by the proposed framework are promising.
  • Description: 2003005429

Classification for accuracy and insight : A weighted sum approach

- Quinn, Anthony, Stranieri, Andrew, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Quinn, Anthony , Stranieri, Andrew , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Sixth Australasian Data Mining Conference, AusDM 2007, Gold Coast, Queensland, Victoria : 3rd-4th December 2007 p. 203-208
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  • Description: This research presents a classifier that aims to provide insight into a dataset in addition to achieving classification accuracies comparable to other algorithms. The classifier called, Automated Weighted Sum (AWSum) uses a weighted sum approach where feature values are assigned weights that are summed and compared to a threshold in order to classify an example. Though naive, this approach is scalable, achieves accurate classifications on standard datasets and also provides a degree of insight. By insight we mean that the technique provides an appreciation of the influence a feature value has on class values, relative to each other. AWSum provides a focus on the feature value space that allows the technique to identify feature values and combinations of feature values that are sensitive and important for a classification. This is particularly useful in fields such as medicine where this sort of micro-focus and understanding is critical in classification.
  • Description: 2003005504

Dramatic flow in interactive 3D narrative

- Macfadyen, Alyx, Stranieri, Andrew, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Macfadyen, Alyx , Stranieri, Andrew , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Fourth Australiasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment, IE2007, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria : 3rd-5th December 2007
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  • Description: The concept of dramatic level is crucial for a model of dramatic flow. We present a framework to maintain optimal dramatic flow in an interactive 3D environment where both linear and emergent narratives co-exist. Unlike all other interactive narrative prototypes the framework advanced focuses on the optimal dramatic flow of the emerging user narrative so that although fragmented, it can be engaging and make sense. Using a sample narrative from Ovid’s Metamorphoses [18] we demonstrate a method to evaluate dramatic levels as plot points so that movement across narratives retains a strong dramatic flow. Although users may never choose to explore any given linear narrative in its entirety, the result is an engaging and rich narrative experience.
  • Description: 2003004706

Narrative-based interactive learning environments from modelling reasoning

- Yearwood, John, Stranieri, Andrew

  • Authors: Yearwood, John , Stranieri, Andrew
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Educational Technology and Society Vol. 10, no. 3 (2007), p. 192-208
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  • Description: Narrative and story telling has a long history of use in structuring, organising and communicating human experience. This paper describes a narrative based interactive intelligent learning environment which aims to elucidate practical reasoning using interactive emergent narratives that can be used in training novices in decision making. Its design is based on an approach to generating narrative from knowledge that has been modelled in specific decision/reasoning domains. The approach uses a narrative model that is guided partially by inference and contextual information contained in the particular knowledge representation used, the Generic/Actual argument model of structured reasoning. The approach is described with examples in the area of critical care nursing training and positive learning outcomes are reported. © International Forum of Educational Technology & Society (IFETS).
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003002522

Opinion search in web logs

- Osman, Deanna, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Osman, Deanna , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Eighteenth Australasian Database Conference, ADC 2007, Ballarat, Victoria : 29th January-2nd February 2007 p. 133-139
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  • Description: Web logs(blogs) are a fast growing forum for people of all ages to express their feelings and opinions on topics of interest. The entries are often written in informal language without the structure found in newswire or published articles. One blog entry may contain many topics, these topics may express an opinion or a fact on a particular topic. This research is in contrast to work on opinion detection which has been carried out on more formally authored texts and on segments that are either whole documents or sentences. Whole web logs are divided into topics using a simple text segmentation approach. Similarity scores are used to distinguish where topic changers occur. The results are compared to human-evaluated topic changes and the most accurate algorithm is used in the remainder of the research. Words within each topic-block are allocated weightings depending on their opinion-bearing strength. Two approaches of using these weights, the sum and the maximum, are used to determine whether the topic-block is opinion-bearing or non-opinion-bearing. The opinion-bearing topic-blocks are rated by human evaluators as either opinion-bearing or non-opinion-bearing with precision of 67% for approach A and 70% for approach B. These results are compared with two approaches on published text to identify the difference between web logs and published articles.
  • Description: 2003004895

Two-step comprehensive open domain text annotation with frame semantics

- Ofoghi, Bahadorreza, Yearwood, John, Ma, Liping

  • Authors: Ofoghi, Bahadorreza , Yearwood, John , Ma, Liping
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Australasian Language Technology Workshop 2007, Melbourne Zoo, Melbourne, Victoria : 10th-11th December 2007 p. 83-91
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  • Description: With shallow semantic parsing tasks receiving more attention in many natural language applications, there is a need for labelled corpora for learning the specific tags under consideration. In this paper, we discuss a two-step semantic class and semantic role assignment based on the FrameNet elements over a subset of the AQUAINT collection with a reasonable coverage over the semantic frames in FrameNet. The quality of the annotation task is examined through inter-annotator agreement. The methodology described in this work for measuring inter-annotator agreement can be adapted for similar tasks. Some central aspects of the task are also detailed in this paper.
  • Description: 2003005522

Using corpus analysis to inform research into opinion detection in blogs

- Osman, Deanna, Yearwood, John, Vamplew, Peter

  • Authors: Osman, Deanna , Yearwood, John , Vamplew, Peter
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Sixth Australasian Data Mining Conference, AusDM 2007, Gold Coast, Queensland, Victoria : 3rd-4th December 2007 p. 65-75
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  • Description: Opinion detection research relies on labeled documents for training data, either by assumptions based on the document's origin or by using human assessors to categorise the documents. In recent years, blogs have become a source for opinion identification research (TREC Blog06). This study analyses the part-of-speech proportion and the words used within various corpora, determining key differences and similarities useful when preparing for opinion identification research. The resulting comparisons between the characteristics of the various corpora is detailed and discussed. In particular, opinion bearing and non opinion Blog06 documents were found to display a high level of similarity, indicating that blog documents assessed at the document level cannot be used as training data in opinion identification research.
  • Description: 2003004892

Using links to aid web classification

- Xie, Wei, Mammadov, Musa, Yearwood, John

Visual tools for analysing evolution, emergence, and error in data streams

- Hart, Sol, Yearwood, John, Bagirov, Adil

  • Authors: Hart, Sol , Yearwood, John , Bagirov, Adil
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at 6th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science, ICIS 2007, Melbourne, Victoria : 11th-13th July 2007 p. 987-992
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  • Description: The relatively new field of stream mining has necessitated the development of robust drift-aware algorithms that provide accurate, real time, data handling capabilities. Tools are needed to assess and diagnose important trends and investigate drift evolution parameters. In this paper, we present two new and novel visualisation techniques, Pixie and Luna graphs, which incorporate salient group statistics coupled with intuitive visual representations of multidimensional groupings over time. Through the novel representations presented here, spatial interactions between temporal divisions can be diagnosed and overall distribution patterns identified. It provides a means of evaluating in non-constrained capacity, commonly constrained evolutionary problems.
  • Description: 2003005432

A semantic approach to boost passage retrieval effectiveness for question answering

- Ofoghi, Bahadorreza, Yearwood, John, Ghosh, Ranadhir

  • Authors: Ofoghi, Bahadorreza , Yearwood, John , Ghosh, Ranadhir
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at Computer Science 2006 Twenty-Ninth Australian Computer Science Conference, Hobart : 16th January, 2006 p. 95-101
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  • Description: In the current state of the rapid growth of information resources and the huge number of requests submitted by users to existing information retrieval systems; recently, Question Answering systems have attracted more attention to meet information needs providing users with more precise and focused retrieval units. As one of the most challenging and important processes of such systems is to retrieve the best related text excerpts with regard to the questions, we propose a novel approach to exploit not only the syntax of the natural language of the questions and texts, but also the semantics relayed beneath them via a semantic question rewriting and passage retrieval task. The semantic structure used to address the surface mismatch of the semantically related passages and queries is FrameNet which is a lexical resource for English constituted based on frame semantics. We have run our proposed approach on a subset of the TREC 2004 factoid questions to retrieve passages containing correct answers from the AQUAINT collection and we have obtained promising results.
  • Description: E1
  • Description: 2003001803

An interaction framework for scenario-based three dimensional environments

- Macfadyen, Alyx, Stranieri, Andrew, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Macfadyen, Alyx , Stranieri, Andrew , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at IE 2006, the 3rd Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment, Perth : 4th December, 2006
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  • Description: Although popular and engaging, three dimensional environments are rarely deployed to depict strong narratives involving complex characters engaged in reasoning. The design of three dimensional environments rich in narrative and character depth can be facilitated with a detailed representation of interactions between characters. However, the representation of interaction in current 3D development environments such as game engines is quite basic. This work advances a scheme for representing interactions that integrates a representation of semantics from linguistics called FrameNet with conceptualizations of drama and narrative by Georges Polti and Joseph Campbell. The resulting interaction frame facilitates the design of 3D environments by providing designers rich, yet standard elements that include spatial and temporal data, with which to represent complex interactions in 3D environments. This has application for the authoring of dynamically generated interactive narrative environments.
  • Description: E1
  • Description: 2003001839

Using association and overlapping time window approach to detect drug reaction signals

- Ivkovic, Sasha, Saunders, Gary, Ghosh, Ranadhir, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Ivkovic, Sasha , Saunders, Gary , Ghosh, Ranadhir , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at CIMCA 2005 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling Control & Automation jointly with IAWTIC 2005 International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies & Internet Commerce, Vienna, Austria : 28th November, 2005 p. 1045-1053
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  • Description: The problem with detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from drugs is that they may not be obvious until long after they are widely prescribed. Part of the problem is these events are rare. This work describes an approach to signal detection of ADRs based on association rules (AR) in Australian drug safety data. This work was carried out using the Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee (ADRAC) database, which contains a hundred and thirty seven thousand records collected in 1972-2001 period. Many signal detection methods have been developed for drug safety data, most of which use a classical statistical approach. Some of these stratify the data using an ontology for reactions, but the application of drug ontologies to ADR signal detection methods has not been reported. We propose a novel approach for detecting various signal levels by using an overlapped windowing approach. The overlapping windows help to detect smooth transition of signal. We use association rules for measuring significant change over time for different hierarchical levels of drugs (using the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical (ATC) system of drug classification ontology) and their reactions based on the System Organ Classes (SOC) ontology. Using association rules and their strength for different levels in the drug and reaction hierarchy, helps in the detection of signals at particular levels in higher order using a bottom up approach. The results of a preliminary investigation of ADRAC data using our method demonstrate that this approach could produce a powerful and robust ADR signal detection method.
  • Description: E1
  • Description: 2003001838

A formal description of ontology change in OWL

- Avery, John, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Avery, John , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Information Technology and Applications, ICITA 2005, Sydney : 4th - 7th July, 2005
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  • Description: There are three main activities involved in managing ontology change. Firstly we need to identify changes, secondly describe these identified changes, and finally describe and handle the ramifications of the changes. In previous work we have presented a language (DOWL) for describing ontology change and in this paper we demonstrate how changes described in this language can be represented in the RDF abstract syntax which enables us to describe the ramifications of a change in a formal manner. This formalism can provide the basis for an automated ontology change management system.
  • Description: E1
  • Description: 2003001448

Applying anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) and critical term ontologies to Australian drug safety data for association rules and adverse event signalling

- Saunders, Gary, Ivkovic, Sasha, Ghosh, Ranadhir, Yearwood, John

Decisions surrounding adverse drug reaction prescribing : Insights from consumers and implications for decision support

- O'Brien, Michelle, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: O'Brien, Michelle , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology Vol. 37, no. 1 (2005), p. 57-71
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  • Description: This paper presents findings from case studies of health consumers who each suspect they may have experienced an adverse drug reaction (ADR). These case studies are part of a larger study involving consumer/doctor decisions surrounding suspected adverse drug reactions and prescribing. Decision support to assist with the diagnosis and management of ADRs has, to date, primarily focused on providing in-time information to prescribers about factors that pertain to the consumer and the medications they are taking. Decision support that includes consumers usually targets treatment decisions. The results of this paper indicate the prescriber is only one decision contributor in a rich tapestry of decision contributors and decision types, and consumer decision types are significantly broader than treatment decisions. The results provide guidance for the development of decision support within this domain.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003001435

Predicting Australian stock market index using neural networks exploiting dynamical swings and intermarket influences

- Pan, Heping, Tilakaratne, Chandima, Yearwood, John

  • Authors: Pan, Heping , Tilakaratne, Chandima , Yearwood, John
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology Vol. 37, no. 1 (2005), p. 43-55
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  • Description: This paper presents a computational approach for predicting the Australian stock market index AORD using multi-layer feed-forward neural networks front the time series data of AORD and various interrelated markets. This effort aims to discover an effective neural network, or a set of adaptive neural networks for this prediction purpose, which can exploit or model various dynamical swings and inter-market influences discovered from professional technical analysis and quantitative analysis. Within a limited range defined by our empirical knowledge, three aspects of effectiveness on data selection are considered: effective inputs from the target market (AORD) itself, a sufficient set of interrelated markets,. and effective inputs from the interrelated markets. Two traditional dimensions of the neural network architecture are also considered: the optimal number of hidden layers, and the optimal number of hidden neurons for each hidden layer. Three important results were obtained: A 6-day cycle was discovered in the Australian stock market during the studied period; the time signature used as additional inputs provides useful information; and a basic neural network using six daily returns of AORD and one daily, returns of SP500 plus the day of the week as inputs exhibits up to 80% directional prediction correctness.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003001440