List of Titles

Categorising the broad impacts of continuing professional development : a scoping review

- Allen, Louise, Palermo, Claire, Armstrong, Elizabeth, Hay, Margaret

Authors: Allen, Louise , Palermo, Claire , Armstrong, Elizabeth , Hay, Margaret
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Medical Education Vol. 53, no. 11 (2019), p. 1087-1099
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Description: Context: A number of systematic reviews have evaluated the impacts of continuing professional development (CPD). These reviews, due to their focused nature, may fail to capture the full range of impacts of CPD. This scoping review aims to explore the broader impacts of CPD with the intention of developing a categorisation of the types of impact of CPD. Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE, CINAHL and ERIC databases for studies published between 2007 and 2017 that looked at the impacts of formal CPD programmes for all health professionals. Studies were independently screened for eligibility; one reviewer charted data for all included studies, a sample of 10% was reviewed by a second reviewer. The charted data were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative content analysis. Results: The search returned 2750 manuscripts; 192 manuscripts describing 191 studies were included in this review. Most articles were from the USA (78 studies, 41%) and included medical doctors in the population (105 studies, 55%). Twelve categories of impact were generated through conventional content analysis: knowledge, practice change, skill, confidence, attitudes, career development, networking, user outcomes, intention to change, organisational change, personal change and scholarly accomplishments. Knowledge was most commonly measured (103 studies, 54%), whereas measurement of scholarly accomplishments was the least common (10 studies, 5%). Conclusions: Existing evidence takes a narrow view when assessing the impacts of CPD. Emphasis on measuring impacts as knowledge, behaviour, confidence, skills and attitudes may be due to the widely accepted four levels of evaluation from the Kirkpatrick Model or because the majority of studies used quantitative methods. The categories proposed in this review may be used to capture a broader view of the impacts of CPD programmes, contributing to the evidence base for their value and translating into CPD programmes that truly transform health professionals, their careers and their practice. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and The Association for the Study of Medical Education

Clinical deterioration of ward patients in the presence of antecedents : A systematic review and narrative synthesis

- Al-Moteri, Modi, Plummer, Virginia, Cooper, Simon J., Symmons, Mark

Authors: Al-Moteri, Modi , Plummer, Virginia , Cooper, Simon J. , Symmons, Mark
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Australian Critical Care Vol. 32, no. 5 (2019), p. 411-420
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Description: Aim: The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise published accounts of recognising and responding to patient deterioration in the presence of deterioration antecedents. Design: The systematic review canvassed four electronic databases/ search engines for studies of adult ward patients who had altered physiological parameters before developing major adverse events. Synthesis Methods: The findings were synthesised using a narrative approach. Results: Clinical deterioration can be missed by nurses, even with adequate charting. Delays in recognising and responding to patient deterioration remains an international patient safety concern, and strategies to enhance recognition of patient deterioration have not achieved consistent improvements. The lack of significant and sustained improvement through targeted training suggests the problem may be rooted in human behaviour and local ward culture. Nurses play a pivotal role in recognising and responding to patient deterioration; however, patient records do not facilitate tracking of all nurse decisions and actions, and any undocumented care cannot be easily captured by auditing processes. Conclusion: Failure to recognise clinical deterioration was evident even with adequate charting. It is not clear if nurses do not recognise clinical deterioration because they failed to interpret the signs of deterioration or they made a conscious decision not to escalate based on their clinical judgement or they lacked attention at the time of the event. Whatever the reason, focus is warranted for nurses' decisionmaking after the recording of clinical deterioration signs and the role of human factors in delayed recognition, before maximum benefit of any strategy can be achieved.

Exercise Parameters and Outcome Measures Used in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs Following Median Sternotomy in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

- Pengelly, Jacqueline, Pengelly, Michael, Lin, Kuan-Yin, Royse, Colin, Karri, Roshan

Authors: Pengelly, Jacqueline , Pengelly, Michael , Lin, Kuan-Yin , Royse, Colin , Karri, Roshan
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Heart Lung and Circulation Vol. 28, no. 10 (2019), p. 1560-1570
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Description: Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify exercise parameters and outcome measures used in cardiac rehabilitation programs following median sternotomy, in the elderly cardiac population. Data Sources: Five (5) electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published in English after 1997. Study Selection: The screening process was completed by two independent researchers, with a third independent reviewer for overall agreement. Studies were selected if they included only cardiac patients aged ≥65 years who had undergone valve surgery and/or coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy, and who had undertaken a postoperative cardiac rehabilitation exercise intervention assessing physical function and/or cognitive recovery as outcomes. Data Extraction: Two researchers independently completed the data extraction and quality assessment. Quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black tool. Data Synthesis: In total, 11 articles were included for appraisal with respect to the quality of the study. Only two randomised controlled trials were suitable for meta-analysis. A higher volume of exercise was shown to have a positive effect on functional recovery, assessed using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) (mean difference = 26.97 m; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.96–46.97; p = 0.008; I2 = 0%). No significant improvement was shown between additional exercise compared to standard care in improving VO2peak, maximal power output or quality of life. No studies evaluated the effect of exercise on cognitive recovery. Conclusions: Exercise significantly improves functional recovery in the post-surgical elderly cardiac population, however uncertainty still exists with regard to which modes of exercise and their specific parameters are most effective in improving cognitive recovery. © 2019 Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ). **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Jacquelijne Pengelly” is provided in this record**

Informing the development midwifery standards for practice : A literature review for policy development

- Nagle, Cate, McDonald, Susan, Morrow, Jane, Kruger, Gina, Cramer, Rhian, Couch, Sara, Hartney, Nicole, Bryce, Julianne, Birks, Melanie, Heartfield, Marie

Authors: Nagle, Cate , McDonald, Susan , Morrow, Jane , Kruger, Gina , Cramer, Rhian , Couch, Sara , Hartney, Nicole , Bryce, Julianne , Birks, Melanie , Heartfield, Marie
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Midwifery Vol. 76, no. (2019), p. 8-20
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Description: Aim: To critically appraise and synthesise the literature regarding the role and scope of midwifery practice, specifically to inform the evidence based development of standards for practice for all midwives in Australia. Design: A structured scoping review of the literature Data sources: CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete and Cochrane Libraries databases, online and grey literature databases Review methods: Comprehensive searches of databases used key words and controlled vocabulary for each database to search for publications 2006-2016. Studies were not restricted by research method. Findings: There is no substantive body of literature on midwifery competency standards or standards for practice. From 1648 papers screened, twenty-eight papers were identified to inform this review. Eight studies including systematic reviews were annotated with three research papers further assessed as having direct application to this review. To inform the development of Midwife standards for practice, the comprehensive role of the midwife across multiple settings was seen to include: woman centred and primary health care; safe supportive and collaborative practice; clinical knowledge and skills with interpersonal and cultural competence. Key conclusions: Midwifery practice is not restricted to the provision of direct clinical care and extends to any role where the midwife uses midwifery skills and knowledge. This practice includes working in clinical and non-clinical relationships with the woman and other clients as well as working in management, administration, education, research, advisory, regulatory, and policy development roles. Implications for practice: This review articulates the definition, role and scope of midwifery practice to inform the development of contemporary standards for practice for the Australian midwife. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Is sports science answering the call for interdisciplinary research? A systematic review

- Piggott, Ben, Müller, Sean, Chivers, Paola, Papaluca, Carmen, Hoyne, Gerard

Authors: Piggott, Ben , Müller, Sean , Chivers, Paola , Papaluca, Carmen , Hoyne, Gerard
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: European Journal of Sport Science Vol. 19, no. 3 (2019), p. 267-286
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Description: Sports science research is traditionally monodisciplinary despite calls for an interdisciplinary focus. The primary purpose of this systematic review was to identify studies on talent identification, talent selection and competition performance to determine whether interdisciplinary research is being conducted. Thirty-six studies met the selection criteria. These studies were critiqued relative to sport, skill level, sport science sub-disciplines included, and whether the research was multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary. The secondary purpose of the review was to critique the level of analysis and level of representative task design in performance tests used in the studies. Twenty-five studies were categorised as interdisciplinary, with 11 categorised as multidisciplinary. Thirteen sports were represented with soccer the most frequent followed by field hockey, Australian Rules football, handball and rugby league. Thirty-two studies completed their analysis at a group level and four at an individual level. A total of 337 performance tests were rated for representative task design with 64 categorised as low, 123 as medium and 150 as high. The results pertaining to interdisciplinary studies and individual analyses are discussed in relation to constraints theory, which predicts that interacting variables can explain sport performance. Sports science research is beginning to fulfil the call for interdisciplinary research. Future research, however, needs to consider individual analyses and representative task design of tests to progress sports science knowledge. © 2018, © 2018 European College of Sport Science.

Measuring mental time travel : Is the hippocampus really critical for episodic memory and episodic foresight?

- Miloyan, Beyon, McFarlane, Kimberley, Suddendorf, Thomas

Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , McFarlane, Kimberley , Suddendorf, Thomas
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Cortex Vol. 117, no. (2019), p. 371-384
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Description: Mental time travel is an adaptive capacity that enables humans to engage in deliberate, prudent action on the basis of remembering past episodes (episodic memory) and simulating future scenarios (episodic foresight). This capacity has become a popular and rapidly growing topic of interdisciplinary research. Perhaps the most influential and frequently tested neuroscientific hypothesis in this domain is that the hippocampus is a hub in a critical neural network for mental time travel, support for which is now commonly assumed by most researchers in the area. In light of.recent findings revealing limitations with existing measures of episodic foresight, we critically evaluate the available evidence for this hypothesis and find that it is inconclusive. We suggest that this is due in significant part to the exclusive and widespread reliance on noisy verbal measures and discuss this case as an example of a more general issue pertaining to the measurement of episodic foresight. Accordingly, we suggest that an essential focus of future research should concern the development of objective measures that capture capacity differences by requiring people to put foresight not just into words, but into action. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multivariate drivers of diversity in temperate Australian native grasslands

- Price, Jodi, Good, Megan, Schultz, Nick, Guja, Lydia, Morgan, John

Authors: Price, Jodi , Good, Megan , Schultz, Nick , Guja, Lydia , Morgan, John
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Australian Journal of Botany Vol. 67, no. 5 (2019), p. 367-380
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Description: Disturbance has been considered essential for maintaining biodiversity in temperate grassy ecosystems in Australia. This has been particularly well demonstrated for inter-tussock plant species in C-4 Themeda-dominated grasslands in mesic environments. Disturbance is also thought crucial to maintain the structure of preferred habitat for some animals. Relationships between disturbance and diversity may be contingent on ecosystem productivity, but little is known about the generality of the disturbance-promoting-diversity paradigm across the range of temperate grasslands. To date, the disturbance-promoting-diversity paradigm has taken a univariate approach to the drivers of biodiversity; rainfall is seen as a key driver of productivity, which then drives diversity, mediated by disturbance. We argue that this framework is too simplistic as biodiversity drivers are multivariate. We suggest that the accumulation of phytomass (live and dead plant material) is an important determinant of diversity in grassy ecosystems and that phytomass accumulation is governed by multiple drivers (of which disturbance is just one). For fauna, it is structure - not biomass - that determines habitat suitability, and this can be moderated by both abiotic and biotic drivers. The assumption that there is a consistent effect of disturbance on diversity through the range of temperate grassland settings in southern Australia ignores the likelihood that biodiversity also responds to other factors such as spatial heterogeneity in the environment, resource availability and climatic variation. We developed a conceptual model of the multivariate drivers of grassland diversity that explores mechanisms underpinning patterns of species richness. Despite four decades of research, it is clear that our understanding of the multivariate drivers of diversity across the range of temperate grasslands in Australia is still incomplete. Further research into the conditions under which disturbance is required to maintain biodiversity in grasslands is integral to conservation planning in these endangered systems.

Resistance training following median sternotomy : a systematic review and meta-analysis

- Pengelly, Jacqueline, Pengelly, Michael, Lin,Kuan, Royse, Colin, Royse, Alistair, Bryant, Adam, Williams, Gavin, El-Ansary, Doa

Authors: Pengelly, Jacqueline , Pengelly, Michael , Lin,Kuan , Royse, Colin , Royse, Alistair , Bryant, Adam , Williams, Gavin , El-Ansary, Doa
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Heart Lung and Circulation Vol. 28, no. 10 (2019), p. 1549-1559
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Description: Objective: Despite no evidence to support weight limitations following median sternotomy, sternal precautions continue to be routinely prescribed. Moreover, international cardiac rehabilitation guidelines lack sufficient detail for the implementation of resistance training. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine what the literature defines as resistance training; how resistance training is applied, progressed and evaluated; and, whether resistance training improves physical and functional recovery postoperatively in the cardiac surgical population. Data Sources: Five (5) electronic databases were searched from inception to 28 September 2018 for studies published in English that investigated the effects of a resistance training intervention on physical and functional recovery following median sternotomy. Results: Eighteen (18) trials (n = 3,462) met eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Seven (7) randomised controlled trials shared common outcome measures, allowing meta-analysis. The performance of resistance training appears to be safe and feasible, and resulted in similar improvements in both cardiopulmonary capacity and anthropometry, when compared to aerobic training alone. However, the definition and application of resistance training is frequently a lower intensity and volume than recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine. Furthermore, sternal precautions are not reflective of the kinematics and weights used when performing many activities of daily living. For this reason, resistance training needs to be task-specific, reflecting functional tasks to promote recovery. Conclusion: Resistance training, in isolation or when combined with aerobic training, may lead to greater improvements in physical and functional recovery following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy; however, further research is required to inform clinical guidelines. © 2019 Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ)

The adapted Autobiographical interview : A systematic review and proposal for conduct and reporting

- Miloyan, Beyon, McFarlane, Kimberley, Vasquez-Echeverria, Alejandro

Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , McFarlane, Kimberley , Vasquez-Echeverria, Alejandro
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Behavioural Brain Research Vol. 370, no. (2019), p. 1-6
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Description: The adapted Autobiographical Interview (AI) is one of the most commonly used and widely cited measures of prospection in adult humans. The use of this instrument requires investigators to make many decisions that can influence the outcomes of studies. Here, we performed a systematic review of studies utilizing the adapted AI. We assessed and characterized the studies on various aspects of methodological quality and reporting. We then investigated and reported on several properties of adapted AI scores that have implications for their interpretation. We conclude by proposing Conduct and Reporting of Autobiographical Interview (CRAI) guidelines to contribute to the improvement of the reporting quality for studies that use the adapted AI, and hope that this will contribute to future efforts to validate this influential measurement instrument of prospection in humans.

The multiple modes of protesting live exports in Australia

- Mummery, Jane, Rodan, Debbie

Authors: Mummery, Jane , Rodan, Debbie
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Contention Vol. 7, no. 1 (2019), p. 49-65
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Description: Signaling dissatisfaction with particular events, policies, or situations, modes of protest encompass individual expressions through to the development and mobilization of social movements. Indeed, protests can range from bodies blocking space and time to the aggregation of clicked signatures in an online petition and the sharing of campaign content through social media. All of these modes are currently employed within the Australian public sphere to bring about change or closure of the live export industry. This article analyzes the current dimensions and flows of public protest against Australia’s live export industry, examining how they are shaped not only by a myriad of organizations but also by differing modes of protest, as well as by the different modes of appeal in use by activists to mobilize the Australian public sphere in protest. Through this discussion, insight is gained into some of the capacities and efficacies of multimodal protest and its significance for both public engagement and political and industry uptake. © 2020 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Academic Press. All rights reserved.

The role of interoperable data standards in precision livestock farming in extensive livestock systems : A review

- Bahlo, Christiane, Dahlhaus, Peter, Thompson, Helen, Trotter, Mark

Authors: Bahlo, Christiane , Dahlhaus, Peter , Thompson, Helen , Trotter, Mark
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture Vol. 156, no. (2019), p. 459-466
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Description: Livestock industries are increasingly embracing precision farming and decision support tools. As a result, sensors, weather stations, individual animal tracking, feed monitoring and other sources create large data volumes, much of which is used only for a single purpose. There are unrealised potential benefits of making on farm data interoperable and accessible and federating it with public data sources. We reviewed recent literature on precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies in relation to the use of public data, open standards and interoperability. Livestock farms produce rising volumes of disparate private datasets, reflecting a variety of information needs and technological opportunities, but typically lacking interoperable formats and metadata. These as well as large amounts of accessible public datasets are currently underutilised in decision support tools. Tools that demonstrate the use of interoperable standards and bring together public and private data for decision support can enhance the value proposition and help lower barriers to the sharing and re-use of data. This review of interoperable standards in extensive livestock farming systems concludes that there is a need for not only a new type of decision support tool, but also a consensus on data exchange standards to prove the value of shared data at farm scale (commercial benefit) and a regional scale (public good). © 2018

Time dilation and acceleration in depression

- Kent, Lachlan, Van Doorn, George, Klein, Britt

Authors: Kent, Lachlan , Van Doorn, George , Klein, Britt
Date: 2019
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Acta Psychologica Vol. 194, no. (2019), p. 77-86
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Description: Background: A recent meta-analysis left open a significant question regarding altered time perception in depression: Why do depressed people overproduce short durations and under-produce longer durations if their present experience is that time flows slowly? Experience and judgement of time do not seem to accord with one another. Analysis: By excluding two of the six studies on methodological grounds from a previous meta-analysis of medium-length interval productions, and re-analysing the remaining four studies, the present paper finds that subjective time accelerates from initial dilation within present experience (approximately 1 s duration) to subsequent acceleration within working memory (approximately 30 s duration) when depressed. Proposals: It is proposed that depressive time dilation and acceleration refer to the default mode and central executive networks, respectively. The acceleration effect is suggested to occur due to mood congruency between long intervals, boredom, and depression. This mood congruency leads to the automatic recall of intrusive, negative, and non-specific autobiographical long-term memories used to judge intervals from previous experience. Acceleration in working memory then occurs according to the contextual change model of duration estimation. Limitations: The meta-analysis is limited to four studies only, but provides a potential link between time experience and judgement within the same explanatory model. Conclusions: Similarities between psychological time dilation/acceleration and physical time dilation/acceleration are discussed.

A potentially important role for T cells and regulatory T cells in Langerhans cell histiocytosis

- Mitchell, Jenée, Berzins, Stuart, Kannourakis, George

Authors: Mitchell, Jenée , Berzins, Stuart , Kannourakis, George
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Clinical Immunology Vol. 194, no. (2018), p. 19-25
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Description: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is characterized by lesions containing inflammatory immune cells, including myeloid cells and T cells. Patient mortality remains unacceptably high and new treatment options are required. Several LCH studies have identified aberrant frequencies of T cell subsets with potential immune regulatory properties. High numbers of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and gamma-delta T cells have been reported in patients with LCH, although, the cause of their presence or their significance is not yet clear. This review describes the current understanding of how LCH develops and progresses, focusing on the growing evidence that regulatory T cell subsets may be important and discussing the exciting potential for harnessing these cells to treat LCH using immune based therapies.

A technology review for regeneration of sulfur rich amine systems

- Garg, Bharti, Verheyen, Vincent, Pearson, Pauline, Feron, Paul, Cousins, Ashleigh

Authors: Garg, Bharti , Verheyen, Vincent , Pearson, Pauline , Feron, Paul , Cousins, Ashleigh
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Vol. 75, no. (2018), p. 243-253
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Description: Reducing the capital cost of post combustion CO2 capture by eliminating flue gas desulfurisation (FGD) pre-treatment, requires management of the amines preferential SO2 absorption. Novel technologies such as CS-Cap restrict the impact of SO2 to only a small fraction of the amine inventory resulting in high sulfate burden amines. Traditional thermal reclamation of these spent absorbents has advantages regarding simplicity, but ranks poorly for industrial ecology around PCC. These amines require low energy regeneration technologies compatible with their physico-chemical properties that also maximise the potential for valorising by-products. This review summarises the sulfur chemistry and outlines several amine reclamation processes. It assesses the status of established and novel regeneration technologies for their applicability to high sulfur loaded amines. Should deep sulfur removal be required, a hybrid approach with initial bulk removal (as product) followed by a polishing step to further reduce sulfur is prospective. A preliminary estimation of the relative cost of using standard reclamation methods for treating Sulfur loaded CS-Cap absorbent revealed the cost would increase due to its higher sulfate burden despite comparable treatment volumes. Research gaps are identified which would enable better comparison between the costs of traditional FGD versus higher reclamation costs for combined capture technologies.

Adolescent pornography use : A systematic literature review of research trends 2000-2017

- Alexandraki, Kyriaki, Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Anderson, Emma, Latifi, Mohammad, Gomez, Rapson

Authors: Alexandraki, Kyriaki , Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Anderson, Emma , Latifi, Mohammad , Gomez, Rapson
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Current Psychiatry Reviews Vol. 14, no. 1 (2018), p. 47-58
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Description: Background: Pornography Use (PU) has been defined as the viewing of explicit materials in the form of pictures and videos, in which people are performing intercourse with clearly exposed and visible genitals. The prevalence of PU has increased dramatically among adolescents, partly attributed to the wide availability of such online material. Objective: The aim of this systematic literature review is to map the research interest in the field and to examine whether statistically significant results have emerged from the areas of research focus. Methods: To address these aims: a) the PRISMA guidelines are adopted and; b) an integrative conceptualization (derived from the merging of two widely accepted models of understanding of Internet use behaviours) was introduced to guide the synthesis of the findings. Results: In total, 57 studies were integrated into the present literature review. Findings were concep-tualized/ classified into individual, contextual and activity factors related to PU in adolescence. In that context, individual associated factors, such as development, victimization, mental health and religiosity, appear to have primarily captivated research interest demonstrating significant relationships with adolescent PU. Conclusion: Results indicate that more research focus on contextual and activity related factors is required to improve the level of understanding of adolescent PU and to inform a more holistic conceptual framework of understanding of the phenomenon during adolescence that could potentially guide future research.

Advancements in electrochemical DNA sensor for detection of human papilloma virus - A review

- Rasouli, Elisa, Shahnavaz, Zohreh, Basirun, Wan, Rezayi, Majid, Avan, Amir, Ghayour-Mobarhan, Majid, Khandanlou, Roshanak, Johan, Mohd

Authors: Rasouli, Elisa , Shahnavaz, Zohreh , Basirun, Wan , Rezayi, Majid , Avan, Amir , Ghayour-Mobarhan, Majid , Khandanlou, Roshanak , Johan, Mohd
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Analytical Biochemistry Vol. 556, no. (2018), p. 136-144
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Description: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease, transmitted through intimate skin contact or mucosal membrane. The HPV virus consists of a double-stranded circular DNA and the role of HPV virus in cervical cancer has been studied extensively. Thus it is critical to develop rapid identification method for early detection of the virus. A portable biosensing device could give rapid and reliable results for the identification and quantitative determination of the virus. The fabrication of electrochemical biosensors is one of the current techniques utilized to achieve this aim. In such electrochemical biosensors, a single-strand DNA is immobilized onto an electrically conducting surface and the changes in electrical parameters due to the hybridization on the electrode surface are measured. This review covers the recent developments in electrochemical DNA biosensors for the detection of HPV virus. Due to the several advantages of electrochemical DNA biosensors, their applications have witnessed an increased interest and research focus nowadays.

Advancing cognitive behaviour therapy for older adults with comorbid insomnia and depression

- Sadler, Paul, McLaren, Suzanne, Klein, Britt, Jenkins, Megan

Authors: Sadler, Paul , McLaren, Suzanne , Klein, Britt , Jenkins, Megan
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Vol. 47, no. 2 (2018), p. 139-154
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Description: Insomnia and depression are two of the most common mental health problems that negatively impact older adults. The burden associated with these highly comorbid conditions requires an innovative approach to treatment. There have been significant advancements in the field of cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) over recent years. CBT-I has evolved from targeting homogenous insomnia samples to now showing promising results for comorbid insomnia. CBT-I is not only effective at treating comorbid insomnia, but can also have a positive impact on depression severity. Despite these important clinical developments, limited research has explored whether modifying CBT-I programmes to specifically target comorbid depression could improve outcomes for older populations. This paper reviews recent literature and provides therapeutic recommendations to advance CBT-I for older adults with comorbid insomnia and depression. © 2017 Swedish Association for Behaviour Therapy.

Ecological shift and resilience in China's lake systems during the last two centuries

- Zhang, Ke, Dong, Xuhui, Yang, Xiangdong, Kattel, Giri, Zhao, Yanjie, Wang, Rong

Authors: Zhang, Ke , Dong, Xuhui , Yang, Xiangdong , Kattel, Giri , Zhao, Yanjie , Wang, Rong
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Global and Planetary Change Vol. 165, no. (2018), p. 147-159
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Description: The worldwide decline of wetland ecosystems calls for an urgent reassessment of their current status from a resilience perspective. Understanding the trajectories of changes that have produced the current situation is fundamental for assessing system resilience. Here, we examine long-term dynamics of wetland ecosystem change by reviewing paleoecological records from 11 representative lakes in China. We identify unprecedented change in alga communities in the context of last two centuries. Striking ecological shifts have occurred in all lakes, yet with spatial and temporal differences. The long-term trajectories of change in diatom species composition and structure indicate gradually eroded system resilience. These ecological shifts were shaped by socio-economic activities as China transformed from a rural agricultural to an industrialized society within the last several decades, during which multiple drivers have accumulated and acted synergistically. The balance between ecosystem and society, which appeared to exist for thousands of years, was broken by increasing population, new technology, and urbanization since the 1980s. The consequences are the emergence of new positive feedbacks with the potential to drive the coupled systems into undesirable states. By linking long-term social and ecological change at a regional scale, our study provides a novel contribution to the understanding of lake ecosystems resilience in present-day China. We argue that sustaining wetland ecosystems requires integrated approaches that incorporate a deeper understanding of social-ecological dynamics over decadal-centennial timescales to address the complex underlying mechanisms leading to the current degradation.

Epidemiology of injuries in women playing competitive team bat-or-stick sports : A systematic review and a meta-analysis

- Panagodage Perera, Nirmala, Joseph, Corey, Kemp, Joanne, Finch, Caroline

Authors: Panagodage Perera, Nirmala , Joseph, Corey , Kemp, Joanne , Finch, Caroline
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Sports Medicine Vol. 48, no. 3 (2018), p. 617-640
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Description: Background: Team bat-or-stick sports, including cricket, softball and hockey, are popular among women. However, little is known about the injury profile in this population. Objective: The aim was to describe the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries in bat-or-stick sports played by women in a competitive league. Methods: This review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO CRD42015026715). CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from January 2000 to September 2016, inclusive. Peer-reviewed original research articles reporting the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries sustained by women aged 18 + years in competitive bat-or-stick sports were included. Two meta-analyses based on injury incidence proportions (injury IP) and injury rates per 1000 person-days of athletic exposure (AE) were performed. Results: A total of 37 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, and five had low risk of bias. The weighted injury IP was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39–0.45]. The weighted injury rate was 6.12 (95% CI 6.05–6.18) overall, and greater in games [15.79 (95% CI 15.65–15.93)] than in practice [3.07 (95% CI 2.99–3.15)]. The ankle was the most commonly injured anatomical location, followed by the hand (including wrist and fingers), knee and head. Soft tissue and ligament injuries were most common types of injuries. Conclusion: Injury prevention in women’s sports is a novel and emerging field of research interest. This review highlights that injury incidence is high among female bat-or-stick players, but little information is known about direct causal mechanisms. This review clearly establishes the need for enhancements to injury data collection. Without this information, it will not be possible to develop evidence-based injury prevention interventions. © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.

Health service planning and sustainable development: considering what, where and how care is delivered through a pro-environmental lens

- Desmond, Sharon

Authors: Desmond, Sharon
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Australian Health Review Vol. 42, no. 2 (2018), p. 140-145
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Description: The aim of the present paper was to review the opportunities currently available to health service planners to advance sustainable development in their future-facing roles within health service organisation. Critical challenges and enablers to facilitate health services planners in adopting a pro-environmental lens are discussed. What is known about the topic? Despite its harmful effect on the environment, health has been slower than other industries to embrace the sustainable development agenda. The attitudes and knowledge base of health service planners with regard to environmental sustainability has not been widely studied. For health service planners, embracing pro-environmental considerations in sustainable model of care development is a powerful opportunity to review care paradigms and prepare for the implementation of meaningful, improved health and system efficiency. What does this paper add? This paper advances the case for health service planners to embrace a pro-environmental stance and guides health service leaders in the preparation and implementation of sustainable and improved health and system efficiency. What are the implications for practitioners? Health service planers are in an ideal position to champion the sustainable development agenda as they explore what care is delivered, how care is delivered and where care is delivered. External policy, health service leadership and carbon literacy are advanced as critical contextual factors to facilitate the key role that health service planners can play in building sustainable healthcare organisations.

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