Examining group differences in emotion regulation strategies and the state and trait anxiety of lifeguards and non-lifeguards in a real-world precompetitive situation
- Calverley, Hannah, Davis, Paul, Harvey, Jack, Mesagno, Christopher
- Authors: Calverley, Hannah , Davis, Paul , Harvey, Jack , Mesagno, Christopher
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Vol. 12, no. 2 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences, between swimmer-lifeguards and swimmer-non-lifeguards, in trait and state anxiety and emotion regulation techniques in a real-life precompetitive situation with a secondary focus on gender differences. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale - 2 and the Mental Readiness Form - 3 were distributed to 100 participants at university swimming competitions in the United Kingdom. Swimmer-lifeguards displayed significantly lower cognitive (p=.03) and somatic state (p=.05) anxiety and cognitive trait anxiety (p=.02) than swimmer-non-lifeguards. Males reported significantly lower levels of cognitive and somatic trait anxiety (p<.01) than females. There was also a gender-group interaction, with male swimmer-lifeguards showing significantly lower somatic trait anxiety than the other groups (p<.03). Males indicated significantly greater use of reappraisal than females (p=.01); no other effects were observed. These results support previous research regarding lifeguard characteristics, however the nature of these qualities and how they originate require further exploration. © 2020 Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Calverley, Hannah , Davis, Paul , Harvey, Jack , Mesagno, Christopher
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Vol. 12, no. 2 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences, between swimmer-lifeguards and swimmer-non-lifeguards, in trait and state anxiety and emotion regulation techniques in a real-life precompetitive situation with a secondary focus on gender differences. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale - 2 and the Mental Readiness Form - 3 were distributed to 100 participants at university swimming competitions in the United Kingdom. Swimmer-lifeguards displayed significantly lower cognitive (p=.03) and somatic state (p=.05) anxiety and cognitive trait anxiety (p=.02) than swimmer-non-lifeguards. Males reported significantly lower levels of cognitive and somatic trait anxiety (p<.01) than females. There was also a gender-group interaction, with male swimmer-lifeguards showing significantly lower somatic trait anxiety than the other groups (p<.03). Males indicated significantly greater use of reappraisal than females (p=.01); no other effects were observed. These results support previous research regarding lifeguard characteristics, however the nature of these qualities and how they originate require further exploration. © 2020 Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.. All rights reserved.
Strengthening primary health care : Building the capacity of rural communities to access health funding
- McDonald, John, Brown, Leann, Murphy, Angela
- Authors: McDonald, John , Brown, Leann , Murphy, Angela
- Date: 2002
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian journal of rural health Vol. 10, no. 3 (2002), p. 173-177
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Present health funding models can place onerous pressures on rural health services. Staff may lack the time, resources, access to data, and the expertise needed to complete complex and lengthy funding submissions. This present study describes an innovative capacity-building approach to working with Victorian rural communities seeking to access health care funding through the Regional Health Services Program. This approach used several strategies: engaging stakeholders in targeted rural communities, developing an information kit and running a workshop on preparing submissions to the Regional Health Services Program, facilitating community consultations, and providing ongoing support with submissions. Six rural communities were supported in this way. Four have been funded to date, with a combined annual recurrent budget for new primary health care services of over $2.5 million. Each community has developed a service delivery model that meets the particular needs of their local area. This capacity-building approach is both effective and replicable to other health funding opportunities. The definitive version of this article is available at www3.interscience.wiley.com
- Description: 2003000079
- Authors: McDonald, John , Brown, Leann , Murphy, Angela
- Date: 2002
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian journal of rural health Vol. 10, no. 3 (2002), p. 173-177
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Present health funding models can place onerous pressures on rural health services. Staff may lack the time, resources, access to data, and the expertise needed to complete complex and lengthy funding submissions. This present study describes an innovative capacity-building approach to working with Victorian rural communities seeking to access health care funding through the Regional Health Services Program. This approach used several strategies: engaging stakeholders in targeted rural communities, developing an information kit and running a workshop on preparing submissions to the Regional Health Services Program, facilitating community consultations, and providing ongoing support with submissions. Six rural communities were supported in this way. Four have been funded to date, with a combined annual recurrent budget for new primary health care services of over $2.5 million. Each community has developed a service delivery model that meets the particular needs of their local area. This capacity-building approach is both effective and replicable to other health funding opportunities. The definitive version of this article is available at www3.interscience.wiley.com
- Description: 2003000079
- Authors: Mills, Alice
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Academic Exchange Quarterly Vol. 10, no. 2 (2005), p. 1-3
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This is a look at the author Dante and how the writing may effect the reader.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001259
Prevention of falls and manual handling injuries among plasterers : The case for intervention
- Cowley, Stephen, Leggett, Susan
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Leggett, Susan
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety Australia and New Zealand Vol. 19, no. 5 (2003), p. 447-456
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Although there are few sources of information specific to plastering, there are data that suggest that individuals who do this type of work are at high risk of injury. While it is commonly accepted internationally that plasterers are exposed to significant risks in the areas of manual handling and falls, direct comparisons to and wholesale adoption of overseas knowledge are inappropriate. A literature review has demonstrated that there has been a great emphasis on defining the size of the problem. There is limited research relating to the adoption of evaluated risk control strategies, and what controls are known are not necessarily universally applicable. The risk control strategies that are known and available are in need of evaluation. To increase the adoption of evaluated risk controls, it is recommended that social marketing strategies be used.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000620
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Leggett, Susan
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety Australia and New Zealand Vol. 19, no. 5 (2003), p. 447-456
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Although there are few sources of information specific to plastering, there are data that suggest that individuals who do this type of work are at high risk of injury. While it is commonly accepted internationally that plasterers are exposed to significant risks in the areas of manual handling and falls, direct comparisons to and wholesale adoption of overseas knowledge are inappropriate. A literature review has demonstrated that there has been a great emphasis on defining the size of the problem. There is limited research relating to the adoption of evaluated risk control strategies, and what controls are known are not necessarily universally applicable. The risk control strategies that are known and available are in need of evaluation. To increase the adoption of evaluated risk controls, it is recommended that social marketing strategies be used.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000620
Understanding barriers to mental health service utilization for adolescents in rural Australia
- Aisbett, Damon, Boyd, Candice, Francis, Kristy, Newnham, Krystal, Newnham, Karyn
- Authors: Aisbett, Damon , Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Newnham, Krystal , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 7, no. (2007), p. 1-10
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: INTRODUCTION: There is a general paucity of research in the area of rural adolescent mental health in Australia, and in particular a lack of data regarding the experiences of rural adolescents who seek help for mental health problems. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis in order to assist understanding of the barriers to mental health service utilization for young people in rural communities. METHOD: A series of interviews were conducted with each of the study's participants, who ranged in age from 15 to 17 years. All participants were clients of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the rural cities of Horsham and Ararat, Victoria, Australia. RESULTS: Participants described how the lack of reliable transport to and from the mental health service affected the utilization of the service by rural young people. They also expressed concern regarding a lack of qualified professionals in their region who specialize in child and adolescent mental health. Participants reported frustration at long waiting lists and the lack of an after-hours service. One participant shared her experiences of deliberate self-harm to in order to gain access. Results also revealed that rural gossip networks and social visibility within rural communities compounded the experience of stigma and social exclusion for these young people. Furthermore, participants explained how these experiences negatively impacted on their utilization of the mental health service and their progress towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS: There are several barriers to mental health service utilization for rural adolescents which affect both their decision to access help as well as their ability to engage effectively with mental health services over time. Clinicians who work with rural adolescents need to be mindful of the influence of rural culture on mental health service utilization by young people. The co-location of mental health services and general health services is suggested as one way to reduce the fear associated with 'being seen' entering a stand-alone mental health service. It is suggested that treatment programs for adolescents in rural areas address the different types of stigma that these young people are likely to encounter. Furthermore, community and school-based interventions aimed at reducing the social stigma of young people with mental illness in rural areas is recommended.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005804
- Authors: Aisbett, Damon , Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Newnham, Krystal , Newnham, Karyn
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 7, no. (2007), p. 1-10
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: INTRODUCTION: There is a general paucity of research in the area of rural adolescent mental health in Australia, and in particular a lack of data regarding the experiences of rural adolescents who seek help for mental health problems. This study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis in order to assist understanding of the barriers to mental health service utilization for young people in rural communities. METHOD: A series of interviews were conducted with each of the study's participants, who ranged in age from 15 to 17 years. All participants were clients of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the rural cities of Horsham and Ararat, Victoria, Australia. RESULTS: Participants described how the lack of reliable transport to and from the mental health service affected the utilization of the service by rural young people. They also expressed concern regarding a lack of qualified professionals in their region who specialize in child and adolescent mental health. Participants reported frustration at long waiting lists and the lack of an after-hours service. One participant shared her experiences of deliberate self-harm to in order to gain access. Results also revealed that rural gossip networks and social visibility within rural communities compounded the experience of stigma and social exclusion for these young people. Furthermore, participants explained how these experiences negatively impacted on their utilization of the mental health service and their progress towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS: There are several barriers to mental health service utilization for rural adolescents which affect both their decision to access help as well as their ability to engage effectively with mental health services over time. Clinicians who work with rural adolescents need to be mindful of the influence of rural culture on mental health service utilization by young people. The co-location of mental health services and general health services is suggested as one way to reduce the fear associated with 'being seen' entering a stand-alone mental health service. It is suggested that treatment programs for adolescents in rural areas address the different types of stigma that these young people are likely to encounter. Furthermore, community and school-based interventions aimed at reducing the social stigma of young people with mental illness in rural areas is recommended.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005804
Australian rural adolescents’ experiences of accessing psychological help for a mental health problem
- Boyd, Candice, Francis, Kristy, Aisbett, Damon, Newnham, Krystal, Sewell, Jessica, Dawes, Graham, Nurse, Sarah
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Aisbett, Damon , Newnham, Krystal , Sewell, Jessica , Dawes, Graham , Nurse, Sarah
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Rural Health Vol. 15, no. (2007), p. 196-200
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: This study aims to explore Australian rural adolescents’ experiences of accessing help for a mental health problem in the context of their rural communities. Design and setting: A qualitative research design was used whereby university students who had sought help for a mental health problem during their adolescence were interviewed about their experiences. Interviews were conducted face-to-face at the university. Main outcome measures: A semi-structured interview schedule was designed around the study’s main research questions. Audio-taped interviews were transcribed and thematically coded using a constant comparative method. Participants: Participants were first-year undergraduate psychology students between the ages of 17 and 21 years who sought help for a mental health issue during their adolescence and who at that time resided in a rural area. Results: Participants highlighted various barriers to seeking help for mental health problems in the context of a rural community, including: social visibility, lack of anonymity, a culture of self-reliance, and social stigma of mental illness. Participants’ access to help was primarily school-based, and participants expressed a preference for supportive counselling over structured interventions. Characteristics of school-based helpers that made them approachable included: ‘caring’, ‘nonjudgemental’, ‘genuine’, ‘young’, and able to maintain confidentiality. Conclusions: The findings support previous research that reveals barriers to help seeking for mental health problems that are unique to the culture of rural communities. The study raises questions about the merit of delivery of primary mental health care to young people via GPs alone and suggests that school-based counsellors be considered as the first step in a young person’s access to mental health care.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005807
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Francis, Kristy , Aisbett, Damon , Newnham, Krystal , Sewell, Jessica , Dawes, Graham , Nurse, Sarah
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Rural Health Vol. 15, no. (2007), p. 196-200
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: This study aims to explore Australian rural adolescents’ experiences of accessing help for a mental health problem in the context of their rural communities. Design and setting: A qualitative research design was used whereby university students who had sought help for a mental health problem during their adolescence were interviewed about their experiences. Interviews were conducted face-to-face at the university. Main outcome measures: A semi-structured interview schedule was designed around the study’s main research questions. Audio-taped interviews were transcribed and thematically coded using a constant comparative method. Participants: Participants were first-year undergraduate psychology students between the ages of 17 and 21 years who sought help for a mental health issue during their adolescence and who at that time resided in a rural area. Results: Participants highlighted various barriers to seeking help for mental health problems in the context of a rural community, including: social visibility, lack of anonymity, a culture of self-reliance, and social stigma of mental illness. Participants’ access to help was primarily school-based, and participants expressed a preference for supportive counselling over structured interventions. Characteristics of school-based helpers that made them approachable included: ‘caring’, ‘nonjudgemental’, ‘genuine’, ‘young’, and able to maintain confidentiality. Conclusions: The findings support previous research that reveals barriers to help seeking for mental health problems that are unique to the culture of rural communities. The study raises questions about the merit of delivery of primary mental health care to young people via GPs alone and suggests that school-based counsellors be considered as the first step in a young person’s access to mental health care.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005807
Age-specific parental knowledge of restraint transitions influences appropriateness of child occupant restraint use
- Bilston, Lynne, Finch, Caroline, Hatfield, Julie, Brown, Jill
- Authors: Bilston, Lynne , Finch, Caroline , Hatfield, Julie , Brown, Jill
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 14, no. 3 (2008), p. 159-163
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: To determine the factors that influence appropriate restraint usage by child occupants across the age range for which any type of child restraint may be appropriate (0-10 years). Design: Randomized household telephone survey. Setting: Statewide survey, New South Wales, Australia. Subjects: Parents or carers of children aged 0-10 years. Main outcome measures: Parental reporting of appropriateness of child restraint. Methods: Demographic information and data on age, size, restraint practices, parental knowledge of child occupant safety, and attitude to restraint use was collected using a structured interview. Data were analysed using logistic regression after cluster adjustment. Results: Inappropriate restraint use by children was widespread, particularly in children aged 2+ years. Overall, parental knowledge of appropriate ages for restraint transitions was associated with increased likelihood of appropriate restraint use. Lower levels of formal parental education, larger families, parental restraint non-use, and parent/child negotiability of restraint use were predictors of inappropriate restraint use. For particular child age subgroups, the parental knowledge that predicted appropriate restraint use was specific to that age group. Most parents felt that they knew enough to safely restrain their child, despite widespread inappropriate restraint use. Conclusions: Parents are more likely to make appropriate restraint choices for their children if they possess restraint knowledge specific to their children's age and size. Educational campaigns may be most effective when they provide information for specific ages and transition points. Strategies to overcome parents' misplaced confidence that they know enough to restrain their children safely are also indicated.
- Description: C1
- Authors: Bilston, Lynne , Finch, Caroline , Hatfield, Julie , Brown, Jill
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 14, no. 3 (2008), p. 159-163
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: To determine the factors that influence appropriate restraint usage by child occupants across the age range for which any type of child restraint may be appropriate (0-10 years). Design: Randomized household telephone survey. Setting: Statewide survey, New South Wales, Australia. Subjects: Parents or carers of children aged 0-10 years. Main outcome measures: Parental reporting of appropriateness of child restraint. Methods: Demographic information and data on age, size, restraint practices, parental knowledge of child occupant safety, and attitude to restraint use was collected using a structured interview. Data were analysed using logistic regression after cluster adjustment. Results: Inappropriate restraint use by children was widespread, particularly in children aged 2+ years. Overall, parental knowledge of appropriate ages for restraint transitions was associated with increased likelihood of appropriate restraint use. Lower levels of formal parental education, larger families, parental restraint non-use, and parent/child negotiability of restraint use were predictors of inappropriate restraint use. For particular child age subgroups, the parental knowledge that predicted appropriate restraint use was specific to that age group. Most parents felt that they knew enough to safely restrain their child, despite widespread inappropriate restraint use. Conclusions: Parents are more likely to make appropriate restraint choices for their children if they possess restraint knowledge specific to their children's age and size. Educational campaigns may be most effective when they provide information for specific ages and transition points. Strategies to overcome parents' misplaced confidence that they know enough to restrain their children safely are also indicated.
- Description: C1
13 days and counting : A mutual support model for young, homeless women in crisis
- Green, Rosemary, Mason, Robyn, Ollerenshaw, Alison
- Authors: Green, Rosemary , Mason, Robyn , Ollerenshaw, Alison
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Youth Studies Australia Vol. 23, no. 2 (2004), p. 46-50
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: An innovative program in rural Victoria matches young homeless women with older homeless women and provides them with a range of support services.The result is more stability in the accommodation setting, mutual benefit and satisfaction for clients, and impressive rates of permanent housing outcomes.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000964
- Authors: Green, Rosemary , Mason, Robyn , Ollerenshaw, Alison
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Youth Studies Australia Vol. 23, no. 2 (2004), p. 46-50
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: An innovative program in rural Victoria matches young homeless women with older homeless women and provides them with a range of support services.The result is more stability in the accommodation setting, mutual benefit and satisfaction for clients, and impressive rates of permanent housing outcomes.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000964
Issues in rural adolescent mental health in Australia
- Boyd, Candice, Aisbett, Damon, Francis, Kristy, Kelly, Melinda, Newnham, Karyn, Newnham, Krystal
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Francis, Kristy , Kelly, Melinda , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote health Vol. 6, no. 501 (2006), p. 1-9
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The mental health of adolescents living in rural Australia has received little research attention. In this article, the extant literature on rural adolescent mental health in Australia is reviewed. Given the lack of literature on this topic, the review is centered on a vignette presented at the beginning of the article. The case represented by the vignette is that of a young Australian growing up in a rural area. The issues raised – including the nature of mental health issues for rural adolescents and barriers to seeking professional help – are then discussed in terms of the available literature. The article concludes with a future focus for research efforts in the area of rural adolescent mental health.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001815
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Aisbett, Damon , Francis, Kristy , Kelly, Melinda , Newnham, Karyn , Newnham, Krystal
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote health Vol. 6, no. 501 (2006), p. 1-9
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The mental health of adolescents living in rural Australia has received little research attention. In this article, the extant literature on rural adolescent mental health in Australia is reviewed. Given the lack of literature on this topic, the review is centered on a vignette presented at the beginning of the article. The case represented by the vignette is that of a young Australian growing up in a rural area. The issues raised – including the nature of mental health issues for rural adolescents and barriers to seeking professional help – are then discussed in terms of the available literature. The article concludes with a future focus for research efforts in the area of rural adolescent mental health.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001815
Social geography and rural mental health research
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Parr, H
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
- Authors: Boyd, Candice , Parr, H
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 8, no. (2008), p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
Safety in the Victorian thoroughbred horseracing industry
- Cowley, Stephen, Bowman, Bindi, Lawrance, Michael
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Bowman, Bindi , Lawrance, Michael
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 23, no. 5 (2007), p. 421-431
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Employees in the Victorian thoroughbred horseracing industry who work closely with horses are exposed to a significant risk of traumatic injury. Although jockeys are the main focus of attention in this industry sector and in the literature, a large number of injuries are sustained by track riders and stable attendants. Exploratory research into the nature of the injury problem was undertaken and it was found that there is a culture in the Victorian thoroughbred horseracing sector that leads to a greater focus on horses and their performance rather than on the health, safety and wellbeing of employees. Workers are exposed to a significant risk of injury as a result of shortcomings with regard to OHS management, the work environment, equipment, rules and procedures, and training and education. There appears to be little understanding of the mutual responsibilities at shared workplaces and a low level of responsiveness by those in a position to control hazards at training tracks and racetracks.
- Description: C1
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Bowman, Bindi , Lawrance, Michael
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 23, no. 5 (2007), p. 421-431
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Employees in the Victorian thoroughbred horseracing industry who work closely with horses are exposed to a significant risk of traumatic injury. Although jockeys are the main focus of attention in this industry sector and in the literature, a large number of injuries are sustained by track riders and stable attendants. Exploratory research into the nature of the injury problem was undertaken and it was found that there is a culture in the Victorian thoroughbred horseracing sector that leads to a greater focus on horses and their performance rather than on the health, safety and wellbeing of employees. Workers are exposed to a significant risk of injury as a result of shortcomings with regard to OHS management, the work environment, equipment, rules and procedures, and training and education. There appears to be little understanding of the mutual responsibilities at shared workplaces and a low level of responsiveness by those in a position to control hazards at training tracks and racetracks.
- Description: C1
Ballarat health consortium : A case study of influential factors in the development and maintenance of a health partnership
- McDonald, John, Murphy, Angela, Payne, Warren
- Authors: McDonald, John , Murphy, Angela , Payne, Warren
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Primary Health Vol. 7, no. 2 (2001), p. 75-82
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Intersectoral partnerships in health have a central role in current policy and programs. Partnerships are seen to be an effective strategy for maximising health outcomes. However, theoretical models of health partnerships are underdeveloped. Moreover, the research literature contains inconsistent findings about their effectiveness, and there has been very little evaluative research on health partnerships in this country. This paper reports on a case study of an intersectoral consortium using a health promotion approach to cardiovascular disease. A model of partnership formation and development is presented. From this, a research strategy was devised and carried out. Results indicate that the health consortium was formed inresponse to a critical health issue, and as a separate legal entity without recurrent funding, it has been sustained through the commitment of individual members. Project funding has, in large part, dictated its operations. The case study reveals the strengths, vulnnerabilities and achievements of this consortium over five years. To produce sustainable health outcomes, the researchers conclude, partnerships require strategic management to capitalise on individual endeavours, organisational alignments, and government or funder priorities. Ideological zeal for intersectoral health partnerships must be balanced by rigorous evaluation; together with more sophisticated indicators for measuring success in partnerships in health promotion. Theoretical development of models of health partnerships will also contribute to their enhanced effectiveness.
- Description: 2003004325
- Authors: McDonald, John , Murphy, Angela , Payne, Warren
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Primary Health Vol. 7, no. 2 (2001), p. 75-82
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Intersectoral partnerships in health have a central role in current policy and programs. Partnerships are seen to be an effective strategy for maximising health outcomes. However, theoretical models of health partnerships are underdeveloped. Moreover, the research literature contains inconsistent findings about their effectiveness, and there has been very little evaluative research on health partnerships in this country. This paper reports on a case study of an intersectoral consortium using a health promotion approach to cardiovascular disease. A model of partnership formation and development is presented. From this, a research strategy was devised and carried out. Results indicate that the health consortium was formed inresponse to a critical health issue, and as a separate legal entity without recurrent funding, it has been sustained through the commitment of individual members. Project funding has, in large part, dictated its operations. The case study reveals the strengths, vulnnerabilities and achievements of this consortium over five years. To produce sustainable health outcomes, the researchers conclude, partnerships require strategic management to capitalise on individual endeavours, organisational alignments, and government or funder priorities. Ideological zeal for intersectoral health partnerships must be balanced by rigorous evaluation; together with more sophisticated indicators for measuring success in partnerships in health promotion. Theoretical development of models of health partnerships will also contribute to their enhanced effectiveness.
- Description: 2003004325
Statistical modelling for falls count data
- Ullah, Shahid, Finch, Caroline, Day, Lesley
- Authors: Ullah, Shahid , Finch, Caroline , Day, Lesley
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 42, no. 2 (2010), p. 384-392
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Falls and their injury outcomes have count distributions that are highly skewed toward the right with clumping at zero, posing analytical challenges. Different modelling approaches have been used in the published literature to describe falls count distributions, often without consideration of the underlying statistical and modelling assumptions. This paper compares the use of modified Poisson and negative binomial (NB) models as alternatives to Poisson (P) regression, for the analysis of fall outcome counts. Four different count-based regression models (P, NB, zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB)) were each individually fitted to four separate fall count datasets from Australia, New Zealand and United States. The finite mixtures of P and NB regression models were also compared to the standard NB model. Both analytical (F, Vuong and bootstrap tests) and graphical approaches were used to select and compare models. Simulation studies assessed the size and power of each model fit. This study confirms that falls count distributions are over-dispersed, but not dispersed due to excess zero counts or heterogeneous population. Accordingly, the P model generally provided the poorest fit to all datasets. The fit improved significantly with NB and both zero-inflated models. The fit was also improved with the NB model, compared to finite mixtures of both P and NB regression models. Although there was little difference in fit between NB and ZINB models, in the interests of parsimony it is recommended that future studies involving modelling of falls count data routinely use the NB models in preference to the P or ZINB or finite mixture distribution. The fact that these conclusions apply across four separate datasets from four different samples of older people participating in studies of different methodology, adds strength to this general guiding principle. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Ullah, Shahid , Finch, Caroline , Day, Lesley
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 42, no. 2 (2010), p. 384-392
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Falls and their injury outcomes have count distributions that are highly skewed toward the right with clumping at zero, posing analytical challenges. Different modelling approaches have been used in the published literature to describe falls count distributions, often without consideration of the underlying statistical and modelling assumptions. This paper compares the use of modified Poisson and negative binomial (NB) models as alternatives to Poisson (P) regression, for the analysis of fall outcome counts. Four different count-based regression models (P, NB, zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB)) were each individually fitted to four separate fall count datasets from Australia, New Zealand and United States. The finite mixtures of P and NB regression models were also compared to the standard NB model. Both analytical (F, Vuong and bootstrap tests) and graphical approaches were used to select and compare models. Simulation studies assessed the size and power of each model fit. This study confirms that falls count distributions are over-dispersed, but not dispersed due to excess zero counts or heterogeneous population. Accordingly, the P model generally provided the poorest fit to all datasets. The fit improved significantly with NB and both zero-inflated models. The fit was also improved with the NB model, compared to finite mixtures of both P and NB regression models. Although there was little difference in fit between NB and ZINB models, in the interests of parsimony it is recommended that future studies involving modelling of falls count data routinely use the NB models in preference to the P or ZINB or finite mixture distribution. The fact that these conclusions apply across four separate datasets from four different samples of older people participating in studies of different methodology, adds strength to this general guiding principle. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The impact of environmental, vehicle and driver characteristics on injury severity in older drivers hospitalized as a result of a traffic crash
- Boufous, Soufiane, Finch, Caroline, Hayen, Andrew, Williamson, Ann
- Authors: Boufous, Soufiane , Finch, Caroline , Hayen, Andrew , Williamson, Ann
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Safety Research Vol. 39, no. 1 (2008), p. 65-72
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Compared to younger age groups, older people are more likely to be seriously injured or to die as a result of a traffic crash. Method: The aim of the study is to examine the impact of environmental, vehicle, crash, and driver characteristics on injury severity in older drivers involved in traffic crashes by using recently linked police crash records and hospitalization data from New South Wales, Australia. The severity of injury resulting from traffic crashes was measured using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) Injury Severity Score (ICISS). Results: Multivariate analysis identified rurality, presence of complex intersections, road speed limit, driver error, speeding, and seat belt use as independent predictors of injury severity in older people. The type of intersection configuration explained over half of the observed variations in injury severity. Impact on Industry: Environmental modification such as intersection treatments might contribute to a decrease in the severity of injury in older people involved in road crashes.
- Description: 2003006544
- Authors: Boufous, Soufiane , Finch, Caroline , Hayen, Andrew , Williamson, Ann
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Safety Research Vol. 39, no. 1 (2008), p. 65-72
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Compared to younger age groups, older people are more likely to be seriously injured or to die as a result of a traffic crash. Method: The aim of the study is to examine the impact of environmental, vehicle, crash, and driver characteristics on injury severity in older drivers involved in traffic crashes by using recently linked police crash records and hospitalization data from New South Wales, Australia. The severity of injury resulting from traffic crashes was measured using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) Injury Severity Score (ICISS). Results: Multivariate analysis identified rurality, presence of complex intersections, road speed limit, driver error, speeding, and seat belt use as independent predictors of injury severity in older people. The type of intersection configuration explained over half of the observed variations in injury severity. Impact on Industry: Environmental modification such as intersection treatments might contribute to a decrease in the severity of injury in older people involved in road crashes.
- Description: 2003006544
The interrelations between sexual orientation, sense of belonging and dysphoria among Australian women
- Authors: McLaren, Suzanne
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Women and Health Vol. 43, no. 3 (2006), p. 123-137
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This research examined whether sense of belonging in the community and sexual orientation were associated with dysphoria among women. Australian female heterosexuals (n = 202) and lesbians (n = 184) completed the Sense of Belonging Instrument and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales. Results indicated that lesbians experienced a decreased sense of belonging and more dysphoria compared with heterosexual women. Subsequent analyses indicated that sense of belonging to the community mediated the relation between sexual orientation and dysphoria. In addition, sexual orientation moderated the relation between sense of belonging and dysphoria. It appears that the enhancement of lesbians' sense of belonging in the community would be associated with a reduction in dysphoria. Copyright © by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001983
- Authors: McLaren, Suzanne
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Women and Health Vol. 43, no. 3 (2006), p. 123-137
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This research examined whether sense of belonging in the community and sexual orientation were associated with dysphoria among women. Australian female heterosexuals (n = 202) and lesbians (n = 184) completed the Sense of Belonging Instrument and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales. Results indicated that lesbians experienced a decreased sense of belonging and more dysphoria compared with heterosexual women. Subsequent analyses indicated that sense of belonging to the community mediated the relation between sexual orientation and dysphoria. In addition, sexual orientation moderated the relation between sense of belonging and dysphoria. It appears that the enhancement of lesbians' sense of belonging in the community would be associated with a reduction in dysphoria. Copyright © by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003001983
Increasing the adoption of OHS risk controls in small business : Can social marketing help to achieve change?
- Cowley, Stephen, Else, Dennis, LaMontagne, A.
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Else, Dennis , LaMontagne, A.
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety Australia and New Zealand Vol. 20, no. 1 (2004), p. 69-77
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: 2003000708
- Authors: Cowley, Stephen , Else, Dennis , LaMontagne, A.
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety Australia and New Zealand Vol. 20, no. 1 (2004), p. 69-77
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: 2003000708
Population-level estimates of child restraint practices among children aged 0-12 years in NSW, Australia
- Brown, Julie, Hatfield, Julie, Du, Wei, Finch, Caroline, Bilston, Lynne
- Authors: Brown, Julie , Hatfield, Julie , Du, Wei , Finch, Caroline , Bilston, Lynne
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 42, no. 6 (2010), p. 2144-2148
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This cross-sectional study provides population-referenced data on the restraints used and the extent of incorrect restraint use, among child vehicle passengers aged 0-12 years in NSW, Australia. A multistage stratified cluster sampling plan was used to randomly select vehicles from baby/child health clinics, pre-schools/day care centres, and primary schools across NSW to undergo detailed inspection of restraints used by child occupants within those vehicles. Overall, there were very high restraint usage rates (>99% of sampled children) but fewer than one quarter of children were using the correct size-appropriate restraints. Incorrect use (51.4%) was as common as inappropriate use (51.2%). Incorrect use was highest among users of dedicated child restraint systems (OR 16.0, 95% CI 6.9-36.0), and was more likely among those using size-appropriate restraints than those using inappropriate restraints (OR 1.8 95% CI 1.1-3.2); and among convertible restraints than those designed for a single mode of use (OR 1.5 95% CI 1.2-1.7). As incorrect use substantially reduces the protection from injury that is offered by child restraints, it is important that future strategies to reduce casualties among child occupants target both inappropriate and incorrect use. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Brown, Julie , Hatfield, Julie , Du, Wei , Finch, Caroline , Bilston, Lynne
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 42, no. 6 (2010), p. 2144-2148
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This cross-sectional study provides population-referenced data on the restraints used and the extent of incorrect restraint use, among child vehicle passengers aged 0-12 years in NSW, Australia. A multistage stratified cluster sampling plan was used to randomly select vehicles from baby/child health clinics, pre-schools/day care centres, and primary schools across NSW to undergo detailed inspection of restraints used by child occupants within those vehicles. Overall, there were very high restraint usage rates (>99% of sampled children) but fewer than one quarter of children were using the correct size-appropriate restraints. Incorrect use (51.4%) was as common as inappropriate use (51.2%). Incorrect use was highest among users of dedicated child restraint systems (OR 16.0, 95% CI 6.9-36.0), and was more likely among those using size-appropriate restraints than those using inappropriate restraints (OR 1.8 95% CI 1.1-3.2); and among convertible restraints than those designed for a single mode of use (OR 1.5 95% CI 1.2-1.7). As incorrect use substantially reduces the protection from injury that is offered by child restraints, it is important that future strategies to reduce casualties among child occupants target both inappropriate and incorrect use. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Impact of health and safety representative training on concepts of accident causation and prevention
- Culvenor, John, Cowley, Stephen, Harvey, Jack
- Authors: Culvenor, John , Cowley, Stephen , Harvey, Jack
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 19, no. 3 (2003), p. 279-292
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In South Australia, health and safety representatives (HSRs) may undertake three levels of training, commencing at basic level, then progressing through advanced level to continuing level. A survey of 1,200 HSRs in SA was conducted to assess their beliefs about accident causation and accident prevention. In regard to accident causation, the survey found that HSRs showed a tendency to favour behavioural causation over workplace environment or systems-type causation. In regard to accident prevention, HSRs at all levels of training had a preference for low-order controls. However, there appears to be some shift in thinking by the time HSRs have completed all levels of training (that is, to the continuing training level), though the thinking of most remains distinctly safe-worker in orientation.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003003020
Impact of health and safety representative training on concepts of accident causation and prevention
- Authors: Culvenor, John , Cowley, Stephen , Harvey, Jack
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 19, no. 3 (2003), p. 279-292
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In South Australia, health and safety representatives (HSRs) may undertake three levels of training, commencing at basic level, then progressing through advanced level to continuing level. A survey of 1,200 HSRs in SA was conducted to assess their beliefs about accident causation and accident prevention. In regard to accident causation, the survey found that HSRs showed a tendency to favour behavioural causation over workplace environment or systems-type causation. In regard to accident prevention, HSRs at all levels of training had a preference for low-order controls. However, there appears to be some shift in thinking by the time HSRs have completed all levels of training (that is, to the continuing training level), though the thinking of most remains distinctly safe-worker in orientation.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003003020
Towards evidence-informed sports safety policy for New South Wales, Australia : Assessing the readiness of the sector
- Poulos, Roslyn, Donaldson, Alex, Finch, Caroline
- Authors: Poulos, Roslyn , Donaldson, Alex , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 16, no. 2 (2010), p. 127-131
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Authors: Poulos, Roslyn , Donaldson, Alex , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 16, no. 2 (2010), p. 127-131
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/565900
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
Initial force and desirable handle height range when pushing a trolley
- Authors: Culvenor, John
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 21, no. 4 (2005), p. 341-349
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Trolleys are used in many workplaces, often as a solution to the hazards of lifting and carrying. Guidelines are available to set limits on the force that can be reasonably applied for push and pull activities in a workplace setting. With a level floor, low friction and short movements, the force applied for acceleration when pushing a trolley is more significant than the sustained effort (however, many factors interact with the force and these must be considered together). This study determined the initial force applied to trolleys in a manufacturing setting, with a level floor and low rolling friction. Subjects were asked to move trolleys (weighing between 160 kg and 400 kg) a short distance in the way that they would normally do the work. Results showed a preferred grip height of 120-135 cm. The average results for applied force fell closely along a linear relationship. Future research could be conducted in an experimental setting and include more comprehensive trials with a greater number of subjects (including women).
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002990
- Authors: Culvenor, John
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 21, no. 4 (2005), p. 341-349
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Trolleys are used in many workplaces, often as a solution to the hazards of lifting and carrying. Guidelines are available to set limits on the force that can be reasonably applied for push and pull activities in a workplace setting. With a level floor, low friction and short movements, the force applied for acceleration when pushing a trolley is more significant than the sustained effort (however, many factors interact with the force and these must be considered together). This study determined the initial force applied to trolleys in a manufacturing setting, with a level floor and low rolling friction. Subjects were asked to move trolleys (weighing between 160 kg and 400 kg) a short distance in the way that they would normally do the work. Results showed a preferred grip height of 120-135 cm. The average results for applied force fell closely along a linear relationship. Future research could be conducted in an experimental setting and include more comprehensive trials with a greater number of subjects (including women).
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002990