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Multivariate statistical analysis of songs of the male Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) : An example from western Victoria, Australia

- Kentish, Barry, Harvey, Jack, Roberts, Lyn, Ross, Jason

  • Authors: Kentish, Barry , Harvey, Jack , Roberts, Lyn , Ross, Jason
  • Date: 2001
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: EMU Vol. 101, no. 4 (2001), p. 335-340
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  • Description: Variation in the song of the male Common Blackbird was investigated within and between two locations in western Victoria. Each of 400 phrases (100 phrases per male) was characterised by 61 measurements relating to 13 aspects of each phrase. Principal component and stepwise discriminant analyses were undertaken on these measurements. Classification of blackbird song for location and individuality was based on timing within the phrase of the loudest elements. Evidence was found for within-phrase variability, with the greatest variation in the middle of the phrase. Within- and between-site comparison found that blackbird song exhibited both individual and site-specific characteristics consistent with earlier suggestions of phrase sharing within local populations. The study demonstrated that an objective statistical approach to song analysis was able to disciminate between individual birds from different locations.

Trade Task analysis: Infantry and ADG: Report 9

- Payne, Warren, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Report
  • Relation: Defence Physical Employment Standards Project: Infantry and Airfield Defence Guards
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  • Description: Military operational tasks are physically demanding and incur the risk of injury. In order to address the issues and costs associated with the high injury rates and focus on ways to reduce the risk of injury to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, the ADF Chiefs of Service Committee (COSC) has endorsed a number of injury prevention strategies aimed at examining, analysing and evaluating injury-related risks and hazards within the ADF. In line with those strategies, COSC has affirmed that ADF employment policy is to be competency based and agreed that physical employment standards should be developed for combat arms trades. The purpose of the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP) is to develop these performance-based competency standards

Effect of a nurse back injury prevention intervention on the rate of injury compensation claims

- Martin, Peter, Harvey, Jack, Culvenor, John, Payne, Warren

  • Authors: Martin, Peter , Harvey, Jack , Culvenor, John , Payne, Warren
  • Date: 2009
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Safety Research Vol. 40, no. 1 (2009), p. 13-19
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  • Description: Problem: This study evaluated the effect of introducing a No Lifting policy on back injuries to nurses, across an entire health care system. Methods: Methods included: analysis of the data for all public health agencies in the Australian state of Victoria; compensation data from the Victorian Workcover Authority; data about workforce and program implementation from a retrospective survey of agencies; longitudinal analysis of standardized workers compensation claim rates for back injuries before, during and after the intervention. Results: A statistically significant decline in back injury claim rates during implementation contrasted with no statistically significant trends within the periods before and after the intervention. A statistically significant reduction occurred in mean quarterly standard back injury claim incidence rates per 1,000 equivalent fulltime nursing staff (EFTNS), representing a 24% reduction in standard back injury claims/1000 EFTNS. Discussion: Ergonomics principles encourage changing the work environment to suit the worker. This approach delivered a significant improvement in the immediate term. Impact of industry: The substantial decline in back injury rates signifies a major improvement in the safety of a critical aspect of the work environment for nurses. © 2009 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd.

Reducing the energy cost of dragging sheep during sheep shearing

- Payne, Warren, Culvenor, John, Lawrance, Michael, Harvey, Jack, Cowley, Stephen, Stuart, David, Williams, Robyn

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Culvenor, John , Lawrance, Michael , Harvey, Jack , Cowley, Stephen , Stuart, David , Williams, Robyn
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 18, no. 2 (2002), p. 173-179
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  • Description: The task of dragging sheep into position for shearing has been reported by shearers as the most physically demanding and one of the highest injury risk aspects of shearing, particularly with regard to back injury. This study aimed to identify which of the currently used drag paths induced the lowest energy consumption and risk of injury. The drag path with the lowest work economy (oxygen cost per sheep dragged per minute) and highest injury risk is used by left-handed shearers who are shearing from a workstation which is designed for right-handed shearers. Importantly, there were no significant differences in the work economy of the two drag paths which were used most frequently and which involved the lowest injury risk. These data have been used in advocating the adoption of simple shearing shed design solutions to assist in the control of injury risk and energy expenditure in the wool industry.
  • Description: 2003000247

Effect of a low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification program incorporating gymnasium-based and home-based resistance training on Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Australian adults

- Payne, Warren, Walsh, Kerry, Harvey, Jack, Livy, Michelle, McKenzie, Kylie, Donaldson, Alex, Atkinson, Meredith, Keogh, Jennifer, Moss, Robert, Dunstan, David, Hubbard, Wendy

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Walsh, Kerry , Harvey, Jack , Livy, Michelle , McKenzie, Kylie , Donaldson, Alex , Atkinson, Meredith , Keogh, Jennifer , Moss, Robert , Dunstan, David , Hubbard, Wendy
  • Date: 2008
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Diabetes Care Vol. 31, no. 12 (Dec 2008), p. 2244-2250
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  • Description: OBJECTIVE - The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification program incorporating resistance training and to compare a gymnasium-based with a home-based resistance training program on diabetes diagnosis sa us and risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A quasi-experimental two-group study was undertaken with 122 participants with diabetes risk factors; 36.9% had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) at baseline. The intervention included a 6-week group self-management education program, a gymnasium-based or home-based 12-week resistance training program, and a 34-week maintenance program. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h plasma glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, body composition, physical activity, and diet were assessed at baseline and week 52. RESULTS - Mean 2-h plasma glucose and FPG fell by 0.34 mmol/l (95% CI -0.60 to -0.08) and 0.15 mmol/l (-0.23 to -0.07), respectively. The proportion of participants with IFG or IGT decreased from 36.9 to 23.0% (P = 0.006). Mean weight loss was 4.07 kg (-4.99 to -3.15). The only significant difference between resistance training groups was a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure for the gymnasium-based group (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS - This intervention significantly improved diabetes diagnostic status and reduced diabetes risk to a degree comparable to that of other low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification programs and more intensive interventions applied to individuals with IGT. The effects of home-based and gymnasium-based resistance training did not differ significantly.
  • Description: C1

Senior men’s learning and wellbeing through community participation in Australia

- Golding, Barry, Foley, Annette, Brown, Michael, Harvey, Jack

Impact of health and safety representative training on concepts of accident causation and prevention

- Culvenor, John, Cowley, Stephen, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Culvenor, John , Cowley, Stephen , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2003
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand Vol. 19, no. 3 (2003), p. 279-292
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  • Description: In South Australia, health and safety representatives (HSRs) may undertake three levels of training, commencing at basic level, then progressing through advanced level to continuing level. A survey of 1,200 HSRs in SA was conducted to assess their beliefs about accident causation and accident prevention. In regard to accident causation, the survey found that HSRs showed a tendency to favour behavioural causation over workplace environment or systems-type causation. In regard to accident prevention, HSRs at all levels of training had a preference for low-order controls. However, there appears to be some shift in thinking by the time HSRs have completed all levels of training (that is, to the continuing training level), though the thinking of most remains distinctly safe-worker in orientation.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003003020

Selection of potential endurance tests & Kinanthropometric measures: Report 2

- Payne, Warren, Brotherhood, John, Harvey, Jack, Knez, Wade, Kay, Bartholomew, Selig, Steve

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Brotherhood, John , Harvey, Jack , Knez, Wade , Kay, Bartholomew , Selig, Steve
  • Date: 2004
  • Type: Text , Report
  • Relation: Defence Physical Employment Standards Projects: Infantry and Airfield Defence Guards
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  • Description: Military operational tasks are physically demanding and incur the risk of injury. In order to address the issues and costs associated with the high injury rates and focus on ways to reduce the risk of injury to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, the ADF Chiefs of Service Committee (COSC) has endorsed a number of injury prevention strategies aimed at examining, analysing and evaluating injury-related risks and hazards within the ADF. In line with those strategies, COSC has affirmed that ADF employment policy is to be competency based and agreed that physical employment standards should be developed for combat arms trades. The purpose of the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP) is to develop these performance-based competency standards. The ADF has employed the services of the University of Ballarat (UB) to undertake the DPESP. This involves reviewing combat arms trade tasks (CATTs), establishing a set of criterion CATTs, developing a battery of simulation and predictive tests based on the criterion CATTs to be used to assess the physical competency of ADF combat personnel, and making recommendations for associated physical employment standards. In the initial phase, the study is focused on one Army corps - Infantry, and one Air Force mustering - Airfield Defence Guards (ADG)1. The aim of this work package was to identify a range of potential tests that may be used by the ADF to predict performance on trade tasks that involve a significant endurance component and potentially a significant strength-endurance component. The work package also aimed to identify a battery of kinanthropometric tests for use within the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP). The method used was to review the relevant academic and Defence literature and to conduct a oneday workshop attended by subject matter experts from the UB team and the ADF. The workshop was conducted in a manner that enabled the participants to comment on the literature provided by way of a background briefing paper and to use their collective experience and expertise to identify a number of potential tests and measures in keeping with the overall aim of the work package. It was assumed that the criterion endurance trade task would be the 50 km pack march. The literature review identified a range of approaches to the selection or development of a test to predicted performance on the 50 km pack march. These approaches include the prediction of endurance capacity from: • a direct measure of a related trade task (e.g. a shorter pack march) (Approach A);

Trends in organised sport membership : Impact on sustainability

- Eime, Rochelle, Payne, Warren, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Eime, Rochelle , Payne, Warren , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2009
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 12, no. 1 (2009), p. 123-129
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  • Description: Sporting clubs play a key role in community-level physical activity. This study investigated participation trends in sport club membership. A survey of 50 State sports governing bodies in Victoria, Australia collected information on factors affecting membership trends. The records for four of these sports were analysed for the 6 years, 1998-2003. Three sports reported increases in total membership (average annual rates (AARs): 0.3, 1.9 and 12.4%), and one reported a decrease (AAR: -1.0%). There was a decrease in both the absolute number (AARs: -1.1%, -2.3%, and -3.5%) and the proportion (AARs: -0.5%, -0.7%, -1.7% and -2.3%) of adult members. The number of junior club members increased slightly over the 6-year period in two sports (AARs: 0.5% and 0.7%), increased substantially in one (AAR: 12.2%) and decreased in one (AAR: -6.7%). The number of members playing modified sports increased in two sports (AARs: 2.8% and 3.3%), increased substantially in one (AARs: 53.1%) and decreased in one (AAR: -16.3%). The introduction of modified sport for younger participants is relatively new, resulting in sports accessing a new market to maintain or increase their total membership. However, the influx of younger members was not matched by associated increases in adult members. This places increased pressure upon adult members to maintain the infrastructure to support younger members. The issues of decreased adult membership and increased junior membership need to be addressed in order to ensure that community sporting clubs can be sustained and fulfil their potential to act as a vehicle for public health initiatives. Crown Copyright © 2007.
  • Description: 2003008177

Sport drop-out during adolescence : Is it real, or an artefact of sampling behaviour?

- Eime, Rochelle, Harvey, Jack, Charity, Melanie

  • Authors: Eime, Rochelle , Harvey, Jack , Charity, Melanie
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics Vol. 11, no. 4 (2019), p. 715-726
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  • Description: Understanding sport participation and drop-out are important for sport management. Many children sample or play multiple sports before specialising. However, quantifying these behaviours is challenging. Sport registration databases are potentially useful for this purpose. However, given privacy and data security issues, identification and direct linking of data records of individual participants across sports are not possible. This study demonstrates a feasible methodology for approximate cross-linking of de-identified data and thereby quantifying the extent of sampling behaviour, and hence investigating to what degree the decline in community club-based sport participation observed during adolescence is attributable to a 'sampling to specialisation' effect as opposed to drop-out from sport altogether. Participants were registered members of one of 11 state sporting associations in 2015. For this analysis, data (907,150 player records) were amalgamated, and players categorised by sex, age group and residential postcode. Numbers of individual players were estimated using demographic matching, comparing numbers of registrations and numbers of individual participants across age, sex and region. Results showed that the effect of individuals playing multiple sports is highest for ages 5-14, and then it diminishes as specialisation increases. Nevertheless, this study confirms that, after adjustment for this change in behaviour, the drop-off in community sport participation during adolescence persists, i.e. it is real and not simply an artefact of sampling/specialisation behaviour. It is recommended that sport policy focuses on overall participation across sports, taking into account the sampling and specialising phenomena which naturally occur, rather than merely asking individual sports to increase participation.

A cross-cultural study in the UK and Australia of pay expectations and entitlements : A case of vanishing differences?

- Davidson, Marilyn, Wood, Glenice, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Davidson, Marilyn , Wood, Glenice , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Gender in Management Vol. 27, no. 3 (2012), p. 165-185
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  • Description: Purpose: Previous US research has consistently revealed females reporting lower pay expectations and entitlements compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether these gender differences still exist, specifically in British and Australian business students, or whether there has been a generation shift in attitudes. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative data were analysed from 481 (252 females and 229 males) university students, on their responses to what they "expected" to earn five years after graduation and what they thought they "deserved" to earn. Students from two British universities (n=285) and two Australian universities (n=196) participated. Findings: Results revealed that the presence of very high values (outliers) reported by a small proportion of male respondents led to apparent gender differences in perceived entitlement (deserved salary). However, appropriately modified analyses showed no significant gender differences in expected salary, deserved salary or salary difference. Differences were observed between countries; in the UK expectations and views on deserved salary were higher than those expressed in Australia. In addition, in both countries' students from higher ranking universities expected higher salaries and believed they deserved a higher salary. Research limitations/implications: The sample is restricted to University business students and may not generalise to other groups. Practical implications: Implications of these findings reflect on gender pay inequities, along with methodological issues for future research. Originality/value: This paper challenges the long-held view that, in general, males have more positive expectations of their future salaries than females. While this has been reported in the past, the paper illustrates that in a contemporary sample across two countries, the great majority of male and female students had very similar expectations for their future salary. The paper proposes some explanations that may account for this phenomenon. The only clear gender difference observed was the presence of a small proportion of males with extremely high salary expectations; the paper highlights the necessity for appropriate statistical analysis of such highly skewed data. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

121 Telomere attrition is attenuated in ultra-marathon runners

- Denham, Joshua, Nankervis, Scott, Debiec, Radek, Harvey, Jack, Pascoe, Deborah, Marques, Francine, O’Brien, Brendan, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Charchar, Fadi

  • Authors: Denham, Joshua , Nankervis, Scott , Debiec, Radek , Harvey, Jack , Pascoe, Deborah , Marques, Francine , O’Brien, Brendan , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Hypertension Vol. 30, no. e-Supplement (September 2012), p. e37
  • Full Text: false
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  • Description: Background: Leukocyte telomere length is a marker of biological ageing and its shortening is associated with cardiovascular disease. Engagement in regular moderate-intensity physical activity is a recognised method of cardiovascular disease prevention. However, it is not clear whether repeated exposure to ultra-strenuous physical exercise is beneficial long-term and whether it may attenuate biological ageing. Methods: We compared leukocyte telomere length in context of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction between 67 male ultra-marathon runners and 67 age-, sex- and BMI-matched apparently healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and leukocyte telomere length was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sE-selectin) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, C-reactive protein) concentrations were measured in 67 ultra-marathon runners by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique, high-sensitive immunoassay and ultra-sensitive double antibody sandwich ELISA, respectively. Results: Adjusted (for age, BMI, blood pressure and lipids) leukocyte telomere length was approximately 13.8% greater in the ultra-marathon runners than in the controls (P<0.001). This translates into approximately 32.9 years difference in age-related telomere length attrition. There was a strong negative linear correlation between sICAM-1 and leukocyte telomere length in the ultra-marathon runners (r=-0.33; P=0.007) and this association retained its statistical significance after adjustment for age, BMI, blood pressure and lipids in multiple regression (P=0.026). Conclusion: Prolonged, intense physical exercise may attenuate cellular ageing possibly through a protective effect on endothelial function.
  • Description: C1

Learning and development expertise: an Australian analysis

- Hodge, Steven, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Hodge, Steven , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2015
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Training and Development Vol. 19, no. 4 (2015), p. 270-286
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  • Description: Learning and development (&) practitioners draw on a distinctive range of knowledge, skills and techniques in their work. Over the years, there have been attempts to capture this range and identify typical & roles. The research presented here was undertaken to identify characteristic areas of expertise () of & practice in ustralia, and to collect data about roles and organizational settings in which these are deployed. The research was commissioned by the Australian Institute of training and development. Literature relating to & was consulted, and Australian & experts were interviewed to draft a list of &. Responses to a survey by 589 Australian & practitioners were used to appraise the model. A principal components analysis of perceptions of the importance of the different types of expertise revealed that practitioners tended to rate one of three ‘clusters’ as important to their work: a strategy and analysis cluster, a learning facilitation cluster and a design and systems cluster. This analysis raises the question of contemporary & roles with implications for strategic policy and professional associations. The typology may be utilized to target professional & activities, and provides impetus for further research to investigate the internal relationships between cluster components.
  • Description: Learning and development (&) practitioners draw on a distinctive range of knowledge, skills and techniques in their work. Over the years, there have been attempts to capture this range and identify typical & roles. The research presented here was undertaken to identify characteristic areas of expertise () of & practice in ustralia, and to collect data about roles and organizational settings in which these are deployed. The research was commissioned by the ustralian nstitute of raining and evelopment. Literature relating to & was consulted, and ustralian & experts were interviewed to draft a list of &. Responses to a survey by 589 ustralian & practitioners were used to appraise the model. A principal components analysis of perceptions of the importance of the different types of expertise revealed that practitioners tended to rate one of three ‘clusters’ as important to their work: a strategy and analysis cluster, a learning facilitation cluster and a design and systems cluster. This analysis raises the question of contemporary & roles with implications for strategic policy and professional associations. The typology may be utilized to target professional & activities, and provides impetus for further research to investigate the internal relationships between cluster components.

Selected of criterion trade tasks: Infantry and ADG: Report 8

- Payne, Warren, Harvey, Jack, Knez, Wade, Brotherhood, John, Culvenor, John, Selig, Steve, Ham, Daniel

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Harvey, Jack , Knez, Wade , Brotherhood, John , Culvenor, John , Selig, Steve , Ham, Daniel
  • Date: 2005
  • Type: Text , Report
  • Relation: Defence Physical Employment Standards Projects: Infantry and Airfield Defence Guards
  • Full Text:
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  • Description: Military operational tasks are physically demanding and incur the risk of injury. In order to address the issues and costs associated with the high injury rates and focus on ways to reduce the risk of injury to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, the ADF Chiefs of Service Committee (COSC) has endorsed a number of injury prevention strategies aimed at examining, analysing and evaluating injury-related risks and hazards within the ADF. In line with those strategies, COSC has affirmed that ADF employment policy is to be competency based and agreed that physical employment standards should be developed for combat arms trades. The purpose of the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP) is to develop these performance-based competency standards. The ADF has employed the services of the University of Ballarat (UB) to undertake the DPESP. This involves reviewing combat arms trade tasks (CATTs), establishing a set of criterion CATTs, developing a battery of simulation and predictive tests based on the criterion CATTs to be used to assess the physical competency of ADF combat personnel, and making recommendations for associated physical employment standards. In the initial phase, the study is focused on one Army corps - Infantry, and one Air Force mustering - Airfield Defence Guards (ADG)1.

Reliability of potential physical employment tests: Infantry and ADG: Report 10

- Harvey, Jack, Payne, Warren, Knez, Wade, Ham, Daniel

  • Authors: Harvey, Jack , Payne, Warren , Knez, Wade , Ham, Daniel
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Report
  • Relation: Defence Physical Employment Standards Project. Infantry and Airfield Defence Guards
  • Full Text:
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Military operational tasks are physically demanding and incur the risk of injury. In order to address the issues and costs associated with the high injury rates and focus on ways to reduce the risk of injury to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, the ADF Chiefs of Service Committee (COSC) has endorsed a number of injury prevention strategies aimed at examining, analysing and evaluating injury-related risks and hazards within the ADF. In line with those strategies, COSC has affirmed that ADF employment policy is to be competency based and agreed that physical employment standards should be developed for combat arms trades. The purpose of the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP) is to develop these performance-based competency standards. The ADF has employed the services of the University of Ballarat (UB) to undertake the DPESP. This involves reviewing combat arms trade tasks (CATTs), establishing a set of criterion CATTs, developing a battery of simulation and predictive tests based on the criterion CATTs to be used to assess the physical competency of ADF combat personnel, and making recommendations for associated physical employment standards. In the initial phase, the study is focused on one Army corps - Infantry, and one Air Force mustering - Airfield Defence Guards (ADG).

Men's sheds in Australia : Learning through community contexts

- Golding, Barry, Brown, Michael, Foley, Annette, Harvey, Jack, Gleeson, Lynne

  • Authors: Golding, Barry , Brown, Michael , Foley, Annette , Harvey, Jack , Gleeson, Lynne
  • Date: 2007
  • Type: Text , Book
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  • Description: ‘Men’s sheds’ organisations are typically located in shed or workshop-type spaces in community settings that provide opportunities for regular hands-on activity by groups deliberately and mainly comprising men. Men’s sheds in community organisations are shown to be a relatively new, diverse and poorly known set of community-based, grass-roots organisations—found only in Australia. These informal spaces and programs in community settings have grown recently and rapidly in parts of mainly southern Australia with a higher proportion of older men not in paid work. Men’s sheds are typically organised by, and legally constituted through, existing community organisations. They usually provide a woodworking workshop space, tools and equipment and an adjacent social area in a public, shed-type setting. Some include a metalwork area and/or an adjacent garden.
  • Description: 2003005525

The effects of interval-exercise duration and intensity on oxygen consumption during treadmill running

- O'Brien, Brendan, Wibskov, Jim, Knez, Wade, Paton, Carl, Harvey, Jack

Reliable assessment of faecal loading in older adults by abdominal radiograph

- Yates, Mark, Day, K, Mullany, J, Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Yates, Mark , Day, K , Mullany, J , Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2004
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australasian Journal on Ageing Vol. 23, no. 1 (2004), p. 13-18
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  • Description: Objective: To produce a measure of faecal loading using plain abdominal radiograph that has both face validity and reliability. This formed part of the Ballarat Constipation Study, which aimed to establish a suite of objective assessment tools for the identification of constipation in residential and extended care facilities. Methods: A 20-point loading scale (five levels of loading × four segments of colon) was evaluated using 75 plain abdominal films of patients older than 65 years that were taken for various purposes. These were randomly ordered and five radiologists, following appropriate training, rated the films. Each was blinded to the others' responses. To establish intra-rater reliability, each radiologist rated 25 of the films for a second time. Results: Reliability was assessed using Q-type correlations for raw scores and Cohen's kappa for dichotomised scores. Inter-rater correlations ranged from 0.57 confidence interval (CI) (0.38, 0.72) to 0.83 CI (0.74, 0.90). Inter-rater kappas ranged from 0.28 CI (0.06, 0.50) to 0.72 CI (0.50, 0.94). Intra-rater correlations ranged from 0.68 CI (0.38, 0.84) to 0.92 CI (0.82, 0.96) and intra-rater kappas ranged from 0.26 CI (−0.08, 0.60) to 0.90 CI (0.70, 0.99). Conclusion: This method of assessing and reporting faecal loading in older people has an acceptable level of reliability for four of the five radiologists. The scale was considered appropriate for use in the larger study, where its validity was tested.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003007688
  • Description: 2003000881

Participant characteristics of users of holistic movement practices in Australia

- Vergeer, Ineke, Bennie, Jason, Charity, Melanie, van Uffelen, Jannique, Harvey, Jack, Biddle, Stuart, Eime, Rochelle

  • Authors: Vergeer, Ineke , Bennie, Jason , Charity, Melanie , van Uffelen, Jannique , Harvey, Jack , Biddle, Stuart , Eime, Rochelle
  • Date: 2018
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice Vol. 31, no. (2018), p. 181-187
  • Full Text: false
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  • Description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of users of holistic movement practices in Australia to people who were physically active but not using holistic movement practices. A second aim was to compare characteristics of users of specific holistic movement practices (yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong). Design: We performed a secondary data analysis on pooled data of a nationally-representative physical activity survey conducted yearly 2001–2010 (n = 195,926). Setting: Australia-wide Exercise, Recreation, and Sport Survey (ERASS). Main outcome measures: A range of socio-demographic and participation characteristics were documented and compared between users and non-users of holistic movement practices and between yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong users, employing descriptive statistics, chi square, and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: Users of holistic movement practices (n = 6826) were significantly more likely than non-users to be female, older, have fewer children at home, and have higher levels of education, socio-economic background, and physical activity involvement (p < 0.001). Yoga/Pilates (n = 5733) and t'ai chi/qigong (n = 947) users were also found to differ on a number of characteristics, including age, sex, socioeconomic background, and marital status. Conclusion: As a group, Australian users of holistic movement practices differ on a range of characteristics from those Australians active in other types of physical activities. However, differences between yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong users suggest these practices attract somewhat different sub-populations. To what extent these differences are due to characteristics inherent to the practices themselves or to differences in delivery-related parameters needs to be examined in future research.

Normative physical performance data: Infantry and ADG: Report 11

- Payne, Warren, Harvey, Jack, Knez, Wade, Selig, Steve, Sinclair, Wade, Ham, Daniel, Lee, Craig

  • Authors: Payne, Warren , Harvey, Jack , Knez, Wade , Selig, Steve , Sinclair, Wade , Ham, Daniel , Lee, Craig
  • Date: 2006
  • Type: Text , Report
  • Relation: Defence Physical Employment Standards Projects: Infantry and Airfield Defence Guards
  • Full Text:
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Military operational tasks are physically demanding and incur the risk of injury. In order to address the issues and costs associated with the high injury rates and focus on ways to reduce the risk of injury to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, the ADF Chiefs of Service Committee (COSC) has endorsed a number of injury prevention strategies aimed at examining, analysing and evaluating injury-related risks and hazards within the ADF. In line with those strategies, COSC has affirmed that ADF employment policy is to be competency based and agreed that physical employment standards should be developed for combat arms trades. The purpose of the Defence Physical Employment Standards Project (DPESP) is to develop these performance-based competency standards. The ADF has employed the services of the University of Ballarat (UB) to undertake the DPESP. This involves reviewing combat arms trade tasks (CATTs), establishing a set of criterion CATTs, developing a battery of simulation and predictive tests based on the criterion CATTs to be used to assess the physical competency of ADF combat personnel, and making recommendations for associated physical employment standards.