Getting employers to spend more on training : Lessons from overseas
- Authors: Smith, Andy , Billett, Stephen
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Funding and financing vocational education and training: Research readings Chapter p. 98-118
- Full Text: false
- Description: 2003007216
Mechanisms for increasing employer contributions to training : An international comparison
- Authors: Smith, Andy , Billett, Stephen
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Book
- Full Text: false
- Description: The level of enterprise expenditure on training in Australia appears to be growing, and now compares favourably with countries often held as models for national policy and practice. This report outlines a range of policy options employed internationally, including levies, leverage and partnership arrangements to enhance employer contributions to training. Ultimately, the authors find decisions about expenditure on training depends on employers' interests, values and commitments. If new policies are to be effective and build upon enterprises' commitment to training, it is critical they align with employers' needs, and receive enterprise commitment. For government, a key strategic policy goal is to improve employers' perception of the value of training to increase levels of expenditure.
- Description: 2003007212
Perceived managerial problems in SMEs: Evidence from Botswana
- Authors: Temtime, Zelealem , Pansiri, Jaloni
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Development and Learning in Organisations Vol. 20, no. 5 (2006), p. 15-17
- Full Text: false
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- Description: C1
The E-factor : Advancing women entrepreneurs in the digital economy
- Authors: Braun, Patrice
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Asian Pacific Women's Information Network Center Vol. 8, no. (2006), p. 99-109
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- Description: With the rise of globalisation, technological innovation, diffusion of information via the Internet, and related changes in business values and beliefs, countries, regions, governments and institutions everywhere are facing changing conditions for competitive advantage (Pfeffer & Sutton, 2000). Globalisation allows companies of all sizes, even micro and small and medium size enterprises (SME) which were once unable to compete with larger firms, to participate in new markets and reduce costs. Deregulated markets allow for more competition as well as better product offering and prices for small businesses.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002171
The development of employability skills in novice workers through employment
- Authors: Smith, Erica , Comyn, Paul
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Generic skills in vocational education and training: Research readings Chapter p. 95-108
- Full Text: false
- Description: This report focusses on employability skills that young people entering work for the first time, or novice workers, need. It examines the nature of the skills that employers seek when recruiting young people and the processes and techniques which can be used in the workplace to develop these skills. The report synthesises the findings of a comprehensive literature review and 12 case studies.
- Description: 2003007585
The importance of a sport-specific stimulus for training agility
- Authors: Young, Warren , Farrow, Damian
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Strength and Conditioning Journal Vol. 35, no. 2 (2013), p. 39-43
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- Description: The purpose of this article is to review recent evidence to help guide the training of agility. agility skill usually involves reacting to a stimulus before performing a movement with a change of direction or velocity. research has shown that better performers can be distinguished from lower skilled athletes by the ability to quickly and accurately react to opponent's movements, but not to a generic stimulus such as a flashing light. therefore, training for agility should include a perceptual and decision-making component involving reacting to movements of others, and this may be accomplished with evasive drills or smallsided games. Copyright © National Strength and Conditioning Association.
- Description: 2003011107
Perceptions of the effectiveness of training and development of 'grey-collar' workers in the People's Republic of China
- Authors: Hutchings, Katherine , Zhu, Jiuhua , Cooper, Brian , Zhang, Yiming , Shao, Sijun
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Human Resource Development International Vol. 12, no. 3 (2009), p. 279-296
- Full Text: false
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- Description: An important human resource development (HRD) implication of the People's Republic of China's (PRC) rapidly expanding economy has been the emergence of a critical shortage of grey-collar workers (GCW). Although ‘grey-collar’ has been commonly used in the West to describe an aging population within the workforce, in China it refers to people who are neither white nor blue collar workers but technicians. The shortage of GCW constrains the PRC's economic and developmental sustainability, and has been recognized in central and provincial government initiatives to increase training and development of employees within these fields. While acknowledged as a policy and organizational problem, there has been no research investigating what organizations are doing to develop these employees. Drawing upon a survey of 310 semi-skilled and skilled employees in Beijing, our findings suggest that while the surveyed organizations are investing heavily in both on- and off-the-job training, employees' perceived value of such differs markedly according to age and position. The research has important implications for China's HRD strategy in suggesting links between training and other human resource management (HRM) functions are yet to be evidenced.
Promoting the development of children's emotional and social wellbeing in early childhood settings : How can we enhance the capability of educators to fulfil role expectations?
- Authors: Temple, Elizabeth , Emmett, Susan
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Journal of Early Childhood Vol. 38, no. 1 (2013), p. 66-72
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- Description: This article discusses the expectations implicit in both Early Years Learning and National Quality Frameworks regarding the role of early childhood educators in promoting the development of children's social and emotional wellbeing. There is a specific focus on factors that may impact on the ability of early childhood educators to successfully adjust their practice to meet these expectations. Suggestions are made in relation to the training and education of pre-service teachers and the professional development of the current early childhood workforce to ensure that all early childhood educators are able to promote the development of social and emotional wellbeing in children. Copyright 2013. All rights reserved by Early Childhood Australia Inc.
- Description: 2003011108
Australian nursing curricula and mental health recruitment
- Authors: Warelow, Philip , Edward, Karen-Leigh
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Practice Vol. 15, no. 4 (2009), p. 250-256
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Debate about nursing curricula has been on the forefront of industry and academia in Australia particularly since the shift from the 'apprenticeship style' of training for nurses to a university-based, comprehensive, bachelor's degree. There is the suggestion that university-based courses are rather inflexible and take for granted that the provision of mental health nursing across what is an essentially general course will ultimately attract the numbers of quality staff members required to fill speciality positions in mental health. Recent literature advocates for a direct entry undergraduate mental health programme in Australia, similar to that in the UK. This is suggested as one of many strategies to address the growing disparity between the demand and the supply for effective mental health treatment and care. The support of preceptor staff in the clinical field in terms of workloads, supervision and professional development are also identified as areas for attention. Another strategy that this paper addresses is the increased support of student preceptors in the areas of workload, supervision and professional development, whereas they forge organizational links between the tertiary sector and industry to facilitate enhanced communication channels between the theoretical curriculum (the theory) and the clinical sites (the practice). Additionally, increasing the mental health content in current curricula to a level that reflects hospital-based and community mental health needs is also required.
Seven Steps for Developing and Implementing a Preventive Training Program: Lessons Learned from JUMP-ACL and Beyond
- Authors: Padua, Darin , Frank, Barnett , Donaldson, Alex , de la Motte, Sarah , Cameron, Kenneth , Beutler, Anthony , DiStefano, Lindsay , Marshall, Stephen
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Clinics in Sports Medicine Vol. 33, no. 4 (2014), p. 615-632
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Musculoskeletal injuries during military and sport-related training are common, costly, and potentially debilitating. There is a need to develop and implement evidence-based injury prevention strategies to reduce the burden of musculoskeletal injury. The lack of attention to implementation issues is a major factor limiting the ability to successfully reduce musculoskeletal injury rates using evidence-based injury prevention programs. This article proposes 7 steps that can be used to facilitate successful design and implementation of evidence-based injury prevention programs within the logical constraints of a real-world setting by identifying implementation barriers and associated solutions.
An examination of the relationship between employer-provided training and development and employee turnover in the Victorian public service
- Authors: Kennett, Geraldine
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Thesis , DBA
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- Description: This study, which has adopted a qualitative research approach using the Victorian Public Service (VPS) as a case study, explores the relationship between employer-provided training and development and employee turnover. The study examines training and development models and discusses how the context (organisation and employment characteristics) influences the training and development models adopted by the VPS. The study also investigates whether various training and development models have a differential impact on employee turnover. This study identifies three training and development models adopted by the Victorian Public Service and finds that each has a differential impact on employee turnover. The models used are labelled Individual Development, Team Development and Organisational Development. Employers often assume there is a relationship between training and development and employee turnover. While a number of organisations use training as an employee-retention strategy, others are reluctant to increase their investment in training and development because they fear employees may leave as a result of their improved skills and knowledge. In their desire to retain skilled workers in a market of short labour supply employers have become more concerned about the relationship between training and employee turnover. Available statistics indicate that the labour market is entering a period of supply shortages that could last many years. "From abstract"
- Description: Doctor of Business Administration
The effectiveness of an ecodrive course for heavy vehicle drivers
- Authors: Symmons, Mark , Rose, Geoffrey , Van Doorn, George
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Proceedings of the Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference 2008 p. 1-8
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- Description: Amongst other changes, ecodriving requires drivers to drive more smoothly – to “flow” the vehicle. In order to save fuel and reduce emissions drivers must operate at lower engine revolutions, change up gears as soon as possible, and anticipate traffic conditions and drive defensively. A field trial was conducted using a 30 km metropolitan circuit and B-double heavy vehicles. Compared to their pre-course measures, the trained group reduced their fuel consumption by an average of 27%, the number of gear changes by 29%, and the number of brake applications by 41%. Importantly, these gains were not offset by increases in the time taken to complete the circuit – indeed average speed increased slightly. Further, the benefits did not lose any strength 12 weeks after the training, at which point the pilot trial concluded – in fact for some variables the results continued to improve over time. The number of drivers participating in the trial was relatively small and some questions remain unanswered, including actual road safety implications, building a strong case for a larger trial.
How can the expansion of the apprenticeship system in India create conditions for greater equity and social justice?
- Authors: Smith, Erica , Kemmis, Ros Brennan , Comyn, Paul
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Adult Learning Vol. 54, no. 3 (2014), p.
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- Description: This paper reports on aspects of a recent project carried out for the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Bank, which was designed to feed into the process of updating and expanding India’s apprenticeship system. The apprenticeship system in India is extremely small for the country’s population, even taking into account the high proportion of jobs that are in the informal economy, and is subject to very rigid regulation. Expansion of the system has been seen as vital in order to improve the supply of skills to the rapidly expanding economy, and also to address issues of disparity in labour market participation and equity for certain groups in Indian society. The paper firstly explains how findings about apprenticeship systems from ten other countries, together with analysis of the Indian situation, were used to present options for consideration by the Indian government. It then analyses these options for their social justice and equity implications.
An investigation of the efficiency of South Africa's sector education and training authorities (SETA's)
- Authors: Turner, Magda , Halabi, Abdel , Sartorius, Kurt , Arendse, J.
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: South African Journal of Business Management Vol. 44, no. 2 (2013), p. 1-9
- Full Text: false
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- Description: The performance of South African Sector Education and Training Authorities (SETA's) has been increasingly questioned. On this premise, the paper investigated the efficiency of the SETAs with respect to their utilization of funds in order to promote a range of education and training outputs was investigated. More specifically, the study investigated the quantity and quality of five training and education outputs, set by the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS), in relation to the funding received. Furthermore, the study examined the amount of money spend on administrative expenditure by the various SETAs, as well as the SETAs management of financial reserves. In order to guide the study, as well as analyze the data, a conceptual framework to measure efficiency was based on an input-output model developed by Gupta and Verhoeven (2001). Data were obtained from the published accounting and annual reports for the period 2006 - 2009. The results indicated only two of the SETA's were efficient with respect to their utilization of funds and that only five SETA's consistently met their own targets. The study also shows that if the SETA' s funds had been applied to education and training outputs, rather than for investment purposes, training outputs could have been considerably increased. The paper has implications for the use of public funds with respect to the critical skills shortage confronting the economy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Perspectives on the training of Chinese Primary Health Care Physicians to reduce chronic illnesses and their burden
- Authors: Sun, Wenmin , Li, Yang , Hu, Yitting , Rao, Xin , Xu, Xingzhi , Browning, Colette , Thomas, Shane
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 7, no. (2019), p. 1-7
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- Description: This paper is a commentary on the training of Chinese Primary Health Care Doctors to reduce chronic illness and its burden. First, we will consider the policy position of the Chinese government concerning the development of a competent and enlarged primary physician workforce to deliver the proposed primary health care system reforms. We then turn to a review of the drivers of the high burden of chronic illnesses especially in older people in China. We argue that the curriculum for the training of primary health care medical practitioners should match the demonstrated high prevalence chronic illnesses and their risk factors and that there needs to specific competencies in prevention and mitigation of the diseases and their risk factors.
Igniting the pressure acclimatization training debate: Contradictory pilot-study evidence from Australian football
- Authors: Beseler, Bradley , Mesagno, Christopher , Young, Warren , Harvey, Jack
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Sport Behavior Vol. 39, no. 1 (2016), p. 22-38
- Full Text: false
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- Description: In Australian Football, set shot goal kicking is when a player has a shot at goal after taking a mark (i.e., catching a kicked ball) or receiving a free kick (i.e., penalty from an opposing player). In the past two decades, Australian football has improved in nearly all aspects of the game, yet set shot goal kicking accuracy has declined. The purpose of the current pilot study was to investigate whether pressure acclimatization training improves Australian football goal kicking under pressure. Twelve football players assigned to either an experimental (EG) or a control group (CG) completed a pre-intervention test, intervention, and post-intervention test. During the pre-intervention and post-intervention tests, participants attempted 10 goal kicking trials under low pressure (LP) and high pressure (HP) conditions. After five attempts, participants completed an anxiety questionnaire. During the intervention period, the EG practiced under HP, while the CG practiced under LP. These pilot results indicated a significant increase in participants ' anxiety from LP to HP for both groups and a significant decrease in accuracy from pre-intervention to post-intervention. In the post-intervention test, the CG was more accurate under HP than the EG, indicating no significant advantage by practicing under pressure and contradicting other acclimatization studies. These results may ignite a debate about the benefits of acclimatization training, but caution should be exercised when interpreting the results considering the pilot nature of the study. Larger sample sizes should be used to further explore these effects. Future research in acclimatization training is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
The use and modification of injury prevention exercises by professional youth soccer teams
- Authors: O'Brien, James , Young, Warren , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Vol. 27, no. 11 (2017), p. 1337-1346
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1058737
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- Description: The efficacy of injury prevention exercise programs (IPEPs) for amateur youth soccer has been established, but little is known about their adaptability to other soccer populations. This study aimed to assess the use of individual injury prevention exercises by professional youth soccer teams, against the industry-standard, FIFA 11+ program. Four teams' chosen IPEPs were observed across one season and documented on a standardized form. The use of each FIFA 11+ exercise was coded as “performed”, “performed modified” or “not performed”. The proportion of the 160 observed sessions containing each individual exercise was calculated. Staff provided reasons for their use and modification of FIFA 11+ exercises. On average, individual FIFA 11+ exercises were conducted in original form in 12% of the sessions (range 0–33%), and in modified form in 28% of sessions (range 2–62%). The five most frequently observed exercises, in either original or modified form, were “bench” (72%), “squats” (69%), “running straight” (68%), “single-leg stance” (66%), and “sideways bench” (64%). Staff modified exercises to add variation, progression, and individualization, and to align with specific training formats and goals. Professional youth soccer teams often use injury prevention exercises similar to those in the FIFA 11+, but tailor them considerably to fit their implementation context.
Efficient anomaly detection by isolation using Nearest Neighbour Ensemble
- Authors: Bandaragoda, Tharindu , Ting, Kaiming , Albrecht, David , Liu, Fei , Wells, Jonathan
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 14th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop (ICDMW 2014); Shenzhen, China; 14th December 2014 p. 698-705
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This paper presents iNNE (isolation using Nearest Neighbour Ensemble), an efficient nearest neighbour-based anomaly detection method by isolation. Inne runs significantly faster than existing nearest neighbour-based methods such as Local Outlier Factor, especially in data sets having thousands of dimensions or millions of instances. This is because the proposed method has linear time complexity and constant space complexity. Compared with the existing tree-based isolation method iForest, the proposed isolation method overcomes three weaknesses of iForest that we have identified, i.e., Its inability to detect local anomalies, anomalies with a low number of relevant attributes, and anomalies that are surrounded by normal instances.
Action recognition using spatio-temporal distance classifier correlation filter
- Authors: Anwaar-Ul Haq , Gondal, Iqbal , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings
- Relation: 2011 International Conference on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications (DICTA), Noosa, QLD, 6th-8th Dec, 2011
- Full Text: false
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- Description: The problem of recognizing human actions is characterized by complex dynamics and strong variations in their executions. Despite this inconvenience, space-time correlations provide valuable clues for their discrimination. Therefore, space-time correlators like emph{Maximum Average Correlation Height} (MACH) filters have successfully been used for action recognition with encouraging results. However, their utility is challenged due to number of factors: (i) these filters are trained only for one class at a time and separate filters are required for each class increasing computational overhead, (ii) these filters simply take average of similar action instances and behave no better than average filters and (iii) misaligned action datasets create problems for these filters as they are not shift-invariant. In this paper, we address these issues by posing action recognition as a multi-class discrimination problem and propose a emph{single} 3D frequency domain filter, named Action ST-DCCF for multiple action classes that mitigates inherent discrepancies of correlation filters. It presents a different interpretation of correlation filters as a method of applying spatio-temporal transformation to the data rather than simply minimizing correlation energy across all possible shifts. Experiments on a variety of action datasets are performed to evaluate our approach. Experimental results are comparable to the existing action recognition approaches.
- Description: The problem of recognizing human actions is characterized by complex dynamics and strong variations in their executions. Despite this inconvenience, space-time correlations provide valuable clues for their discrimination. Therefore, space-time correlators like \emph{Maximum Average Correlation Height} (MACH) filters have successfully been used for action recognition with encouraging results. However, their utility is challenged due to number of factors: (i) these filters are trained only for one class at a time and separate filters are required for each class increasing computational overhead, (ii) these filters simply take average of similar action instances and behave no better than average filters and (iii) misaligned action datasets create problems for these filters as they are not shift-invariant. In this paper, we address these issues by posing action recognition as a multi-class discrimination problem and propose a \emph{single} 3D frequency domain filter, named Action ST-DCCF for multiple action classes that mitigates inherent discrepancies of correlation filters. It presents a different interpretation of correlation filters as a method of applying spatio-temporal transformation to the data rather than simply minimizing correlation energy across all possible shifts. Experiments on a variety of action datasets are performed to evaluate our approach. Experimental results are comparable to the existing action recognition approaches.
Working with paraprofessionals: Perspectives of physical educationalists about their experiences with paraprofessional support
- Authors: Cooley, Dean , Pedersen, Scott , Rottier, Clint
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2014 Hawaii International Conference on Education, 5 - 8 January 2014, Honolulu, Hawaii p. 1-25
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed: