Poster : Privacy protection for real world participatory sensing system
- Authors: Abrar, Nafeez , Iqbal, Anindya , Zaman, Shaolin , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 14th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services Companion
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Participatory Sensing System (PSS) is an emerging technology for collection of useful information as the use of smart-phones has been increasing lately among community people. It has a wide range of applications like environmental monitoring, product price sharing, health monitoring etc. But people have to share their location and other information which is a high privacy risk. Our main contribution of this work is to develop a technique for PSS which can provide privacy protection for the participants in manageable time in real world.
Efficient low bit-rate intra-frame coding using common information for 360-degree video
- Authors: Afsana, Fariha , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 22nd IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, MMSP 2020
- Full Text: false
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- Description: With the growth of video technologies, super-resolution videos, including 360-degree immersive video has become a reality due to exciting applications such as augmented/virtual/mixed reality for better interaction and a wide-angle user-view experience of a scene compared to traditional video with narrow-focused viewing angle. The new generation video contents are bandwidth-intensive in nature due to high resolution and demand high bit rate as well as low latency delivery requirements that pose challenges in solving the bottleneck of transmission and storage burdens. There is limited optimisation space in traditional video coding schemes for improving video coding efficiency in intra-frame due to the fixed size of processing block. This paper presents a new approach for improving intra-frame coding especially at low bit rate video transmission for 360-degree video for lossy mode of HEVC. Prior to using traditional HEVC intra-prediction, this approach exploits the global redundancy of entire frame by extracting common important information using multi-level discrete wavelet transformation. This paper demonstrates that the proposed method considering only low frequency information of a frame and encoding this can outperform the HEVC standard at low bit rates. The experimental results indicate that the proposed intra-frame coding strategy achieves an average of 54.07% BD-rate reduction and 2.84 dB BD-PSNR gain for low bit rate scenario compared to the HEVC. It also achieves a significant improvement in encoding time reduction of about 66.84% on an average. Moreover, this finding also demonstrates that the existing HEVC block partitioning can be applied in the transform domain for better exploitation of information concentration as we applied HEVC on wavelet frequency domain. © 2020 IEEE.
Efficient scalable 360-degree video compression scheme using 3d cuboid partitioning
- Authors: Afsana, Fariha , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 29th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2022 p. 996-1000
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- Description: Video coding techniques minimize spatial and temporal redundancies inherent in video sequences based on non-overlapping block-based image partitioning. Due to depending on the information from already encoded neighboring blocks, these algorithms lack efficient techniques to exploit the overall global redundancies. Compared to the traditional block-based coding, the cuboid coding (2D) framework has been proven to be a more effective method of image compression that exploits global redundancy by considering homogeneous pixel correlation within a frame. In this paper, we improved the idea of 2D cuboid coding to exploit both local and global redundancy from a video sequence by adopting a three-dimensional (3D) cuboid partitioning scheme for SHVC compression improvement of 360-degree videos. The proposed method considers a group of successive frames as a 3D cuboid and recursively partitions it into sub-3D cuboids where static information over a selected GOP share the same cuboid and moving regions share new cuboids with better-defined objects. All the 3D cuboids are then encoded to create a coarse representation of the video stream. Experiments indicate that the proposed framework significantly outperforms its relevant benchmarks, notably by 17.18% (average) in BD-Rate reduction and 0.82 dB in BD-PSNR gain with respect to the standard SHVC codec. © 2022 IEEE.
A coarse representation of frames oriented video coding by leveraging cuboidal partitioning of image data
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashe , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 22nd IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, MMSP 2020, Virtual Tampere, Finland 21-24 September 2020
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- Description: Video coding algorithms attempt to minimize the significant commonality that exists within a video sequence. Each new video coding standard contains tools that can perform this task more efficiently compared to its predecessors. In this work, we form a coarse representation of the current frame by minimizing commonality within that frame while preserving important structural properties of the frame. The building blocks of this coarse representation are rectangular regions called cuboids, which are computationally simple and has a compact description. Then we propose to employ the coarse frame as an additional source for predictive coding of the current frame. Experimental results show an improvement in bit rate savings over a reference codec for HEVC, with minor increase in the codec computational complexity. © 2020 IEEE.
Dynamic point cloud geometry compression using cuboid based commonality modelling framework
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashek , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2021, Anchorage, USA, 19-21 September 2021, Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP Vol. 2021-September, p. 2159-2163
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- Description: Point cloud in its uncompressed format require very high data rate for storage and transmission. The video based point cloud compression (V-PCC) technique projects a dynamic point cloud into geometry and texture video sequences. The projected geometry and texture video frames are then encoded using modern video coding standard like HEVC. However, HEVC encoder is unable to exploit the global commonality that exists within a geometry frame and between successive geometry frames to a greater extent. This is because in HEVC, the current frame partitioning starts from a rigid 64 × 64 pixels level without considering the structure of the scene need be coded. In this paper, an improved commonality modeling framework is proposed, by leveraging on cuboid-based frame partitioning, to encode point cloud geometry frames. The associated frame-partitioning scheme is based on statistical properties of the current geometry frame and therefore yields a flexible block partitioning structure composed of cuboids. Additionally, the proposed commonality modeling approach is computationally efficient and has a compact representation. Experimental results show that if the V-PCC reference encoder is augmented by the proposed commonality modeling technique, a bit rate savings of 2.71% and 4.25% are achieved for full body and upper body of human point clouds’ geometry sequences respectively. © 2021 IEEE.
Discrete cosine basis oriented motion modeling with cuboidal applicability regions for versatile video coding
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashek , Hamidouche, Wassim , Lambert, Andrew , Pickering, Mark , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2022 Picture Coding Symposium, PCS 2022, San Jose, Costa Rica, 7-9 December 2022, 2022 Picture Coding Symposium, PCS 2022 - Proceedings p. 337-341
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- Description: The relentless expansion of video based applications is underpinned by video coding technologies. The latest video coding standard i.e. versatile video coding (VVC) can provide superior compression performance than its predecessors. In this regard, motion modeling plays a central role. Experimental results showed that the discrete cosine basis oriented motion model can describe complex motion better than an affine motion model, adopted in the VVC. Hence, in this paper we propose to augment the VVC motion modeling technique with a set of discrete cosine basis oriented motion models and the applicability region of each such motion model is determined by non-overlapping rectangular regions, known as cuboids. Experimental results show a bit rate savings of up to 2.37% is achievable with respect to a VVC reference. © 2022 IEEE.
Dynamic mesh commonality modeling using the cuboidal partitioning
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashek , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Pickering, Mark
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing, VCIP 2022, Suzhou, China, 13-16 December 2022, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing, VCIP 2022
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: For 3D object representation, volumetric contents like meshes and point clouds provide suitable formats. However, a dynamic mesh sequence may require significantly large amount of data because it consists of information that varies with time. Hence, for the facilitation of storage and transmission of such content, efficient compression technologies are required. MPEG has started standardization activities aiming to develop a mesh compression standard that would be able to handle dynamic meshes with time varying connectivity information and time varying attribute maps. The attribute maps are features associated with the mesh surface and stored as 2D images/videos. In this paper, we propose to capture the commonality information in the dynamic mesh attribute maps using the cuboidal partitioning algorithm. This algorithm is capable of modeling both the global and local commonality within an image in a compact and computationally efficient way. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can outperform the anchor HEVC codec, suggested by MPEG to encode such sequences, with a bit rate savings of up to 3.66%. © 2022 IEEE.
Dynamic point cloud compression using a cuboid oriented discrete cosine based motion model
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashek , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2021 Vol. 2021-June, p. 1935-1939
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Immersive media representation format based on point clouds has underpinned significant opportunities for extended reality applications. Point cloud in its uncompressed format require very high data rate for storage and transmission. The video based point cloud compression technique projects a dynamic point cloud into geometry and texture video sequences. The projected texture video is then coded using modern video coding standard like HEVC. Since the properties of projected texture video frames are different from traditional video frames, HEVC-based commonality modeling can be inefficient. An improved commonality modeling technique is proposed that employs discrete cosine basis oriented motion models and the domains of such models are approximated by homogeneous regions called cuboids. Experimental results show that the proposed commonality modeling technique can yield savings in bit rate of up to 4.17%. ©2021 IEEE
Human-machine collaborative video coding through cuboidal partitioning
- Authors: Ahmmed, Ashek , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Taubman, David
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2021, Anchorage, USA 19-22 September 2021, Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP Vol. 2021-September, p. 2074-2078
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- Description: Video coding algorithms encode and decode an entire video frame while feature coding techniques only preserve and communicate the most critical information needed for a given application. This is because video coding targets human perception, while feature coding aims for machine vision tasks. Recently, attempts are being made to bridge the gap between these two domains. In this work, we propose a video coding framework by leveraging on to the commonality that exists between human vision and machine vision applications using cuboids. This is because cuboids, estimated rectangular regions over a video frame, are computationally efficient, has a compact representation and object centric. Such properties are already shown to add value to traditional video coding systems. Herein cuboidal feature descriptors are extracted from the current frame and then employed for accomplishing a machine vision task in the form of object detection. Experimental results show that a trained classifier yields superior average precision when equipped with cuboidal features oriented representation of the current test frame. Additionally, this representation costs 7% less in bit rate if the captured frames are need be communicated to a receiver. © 2021 IEEE.
Performance evaluation of multipath cellular networks in obstacle mobility model for downlink packet video communication
- Authors: Al Yusuf, Abdullah , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference p. 1-5
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Obstacles present in the line of sight transmission path of a wireless signal severely attenuates the received signal power. Extreme fluctuations of the received signal power caused by shadowing can create "blind spots". Blind spots are areas within the cellular coverage area from where no communication is possible to the base station (BS). For single path packet based services link failures results in total loss of communication. The problem of link failure and blind spots can almost be eliminated in the recently proposed multipath cellular architecture (MCA) which provisions up to three different communication links from the mobile node (MN) to three adjacent BSs through overlapped coverage. Voice and/or multimedia packet delivery can thus benefit by establishing communication from the best interface in terms of received signal power. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the multi-path MCA model in reducing link failure and blind spot communication problems in presence of multiple obstacles and shadow fading. Obstacle mobility model is utilized as the preferred user mobility model. Video transmission performance improves significantly in terms of reduced packet loss and improved reproduced signal quality at the receiver for the multipath MCA model compared to the existing single path cellular network architecture
Exploiting spatial smoothness to recover undecoded coefficients for transform domain distributed video coding
- Authors: Ali, Mortuza , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing; Melbourne, Australia; 15th-18th September 2013, p. 1782-1786
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP1095487
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: In a transform domain distributed video coding scheme, the correlation between the current encoding unit, e.g. block and slice, and the corresponding side-information is modeled using a virtual channel. This correlation model is then used for rate allocation, quantization, and Wyner-Ziv coding. Since the encoder can only have an estimate of the correlation instead of the exact knowledge of the side-information, the decoder will fail to recover the quantized transformed coeffi- cients with a nonzero probability. In this paper, we propose to integrate a scheme at the decoder to recover the undecoded coefficients using the spatial smoothness property of individual video frames. Simulation results demonstrated that, at different decoding failure probabilities, a transformed coeffi- cient recovery scheme can significantly improve the quality of videos in terms of both PSNR and SSIM.
- Description: In a transform domain distributed video coding scheme, the correlation between the current encoding unit, e.g. block and slice, and the corresponding side-information is modeled using a virtual channel. This correlation model is then used for rate allocation, quantization, and Wyner-Ziv coding. Since the encoder can only have an estimate of the correlation instead of the exact knowledge of the side-information, the decoder will fail to recover the quantized transformed coeffi- cients with a nonzero probability. In this paper, we propose to integrate a scheme at the decoder to recover the undecoded coefficients using the spatial smoothness property of individual video frames. Simulation results demonstrated that, at different decoding failure probabilities, a transformed coeffi- cient recovery scheme can significantly improve the quality of videos in terms of both PSNR and SSIM
Predictive coding of integers with real-valued predictions
- Authors: Ali, Mortuza , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: DCC 2013 Data Compression Conference; Snowbird, USA; 20th-22nd March 2013; p. 431-440
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP130103670
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, we have extended the Rice-Golomb code so that it can operate at fractional precision to efficiently exploit the real-valued predictions. Coding at infinitesimal precision allows the residuals to be modeled with the Lap lace distribution. Unlike the Rice-Golomb code, which maps equally probable opposite-signed residuals to different integers, the proposed coding scheme is symmetric in the sense that, at infinitesimal precision, it assigns code words of equal length to equally probable residual intervals. The symmetry of both the Lap lace distribution and the coding scheme facilitates the analysis of the proposed coding scheme to determine the average code-length and the optimal value of the associated coding parameter.
Motion compensation for block-based lossless video coding using lattice-based binning
- Authors: Ali, Mortuza , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Abstract— A block-based lossless video coding scheme using the notion of binning has been proposed in [1]. To further improve the compression and reduce the complexity, in this paper we investigate the impact of two sub-optimal motion search algorithms on the performance of this lattice-based scheme. While one of the algorithm tries avoiding motion vectors, the other tries to reduce complexity. Our experimental results have demonstrated that the loss due to sub-optimal motion search outweighs the gain when motion vectors are avoided. However, experimental results have shown that there is negligible performance loss when lowcomplexity sub-optimal three step search is used.
Contextual action recognition in multi-sensor nighttime video sequences
- Authors: Anwaar-Ul, Haq , Gondal, Iqbal , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Proceedings of the 2011 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA 2011), Noosa 6th-8th Dec, 2011 p. 256-261
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Contextual information is important for interpreting human actions especially when actions exhibit interactive relationship with their context. Contextual clues become even more crucial when videos are captured in unfavorable conditions like extreme low light nighttime scenarios. These conditions encourage the use of multi-senor imagery and context enhancement. In this paper, we explore the importance of contextual knowledge for recognizing human actions in multi-sensor nighttime videos. Information fusion is utilized for encapsulating visual information about actions and their context. Space-time action information is contained using 3D fourier transform of fused action silhouette volume. In parallel, SIFT context images are extracted and fused using principal component analysis based feature fusion for each action class. Contextual dissimilarity is penalized by minimizing context SIFT flow energy. The action dataset comprises multi-sensor night vision video data from infra-red and visible spectrum. Experimental results show that fused contextual action information boost action recognition performance as compared to the baseline action recognition approac
A novel video coding scheme using a scene adaptive non-parametric background model
- Authors: Chakraborty, Subrata , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Ali, Mortuza
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 16th IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, MMSP 2014 p. 1-6
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP130103670
- Full Text:
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- Description: Video coding techniques utilising background frames, provide better rate distortion performance by exploiting coding efficiency in uncovered background areas compared to the latest video coding standard. Parametric approaches such as the mixture of Gaussian (MoG) based background modeling has been widely used however they require prior knowledge about the test videos for parameter estimation. Recently introduced non-parametric (NP) based background modeling techniques successfully improved video coding performance through a HEVC integrated coding scheme. The inherent nature of the NP technique naturally exhibits superior performance in dynamic background scenarios compared to the MoG based technique without a priori knowledge of video data distribution. Although NP based coding schemes showed promising coding performances, they suffer from a number of key challenges - (a) determination of the optimal subset of training frames for generating a suitable background that can be used as a reference frame during coding, (b) incorporating dynamic changes in the background effectively after the initial background frame is generated, (c) managing frequent scene change leading to performance degradation, and (d) optimizing coding quality ratio between an I-frame and other frames under bit rate constraints. In this study we develop a new scene adaptive coding scheme using the NP based technique, capable of solving the current challenges by incorporating a new continuously updating background generation process. Extensive experimental results are also provided to validate the effectiveness of the new scheme.
Virtual machine consolidation in cloud data centers using ACO metaheuristic C3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
- Authors: Ferdaus, Md Hasanul , Murshed, Manzur , Calheiros, Rodrigo , Buyya, Rajkumar
- Date: 2014
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 20th International Conference on Parallel Processing, Euro-Par 2014 Vol. 8632 LNCS, p. 306-317
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, we propose the AVVMC VM consolidation scheme that focuses on balanced resource utilization of servers across different computing resources (CPU, memory, and network I/O) with the goal of minimizing power consumption and resource wastage. Since the VM consolidation problem is strictly NP-hard and computationally infeasible for large data centers, we propose adaptation and integration of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic with balanced usage of computing resources based on vector algebra. Our simulation results show that AVVMC outperforms existing methods and achieves improvement in both energy consumption and resource wastage reduction.
Enhanced IEEE 802.11 by integrating multiuser dynamic OFDMA
- Authors: Ferdous, Hasan , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Ninth Wireless Telecommunications Symposium p. 1-6
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, we discuss the problems associated with the present contention resolution mechanism of IEEE 802.11 DCF and present a new, dynamic and robust approach to improve it. Our new MAC, using OFDMA in the physical layer, can incorporate multiple concurrent transmissions or receptions in a dynamic manner and can adjust the collision probability based on the traffic load when nodes are endowed with a single half-duplex radio only. Simulation results show that our system improves throughput by up to 40 percent, reduces collision in control messages by up to 80 percent and reduces the average delay for data transmission by up to 20 percent.
Ad hoc operations of enhanced IEEE 802.11 with multiuser dynamic OFDMA under saturation load
- Authors: Ferdous, Hasan , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, we discuss the challenges associated with integrating multiuser OFDMA in a single cell IEEE 802.11 based wireless ad hoc network and propose a new, dynamic and robust approach to improve it. Our new MAC, using OFDMA in the physical layer, can incorporate multiple concurrent transmissions or receptions in a dynamic manner and can adjust the collision probability based on the traffic load when nodes are endowed with a single half-duplex radio only. Simulation results show that for moderate number of users, our system improves throughput by up to 20%, decreases collision in control messages by up to 45% and reduces the average delay by up to 18%.
Analytical modeling of enhanced IEEE 802.11 with multiuser dynamic OFDMA under saturation load
- Authors: Ferdous, Hasan , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 17th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications, APCC 2011 p. 524-529
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Multiuser dynamic OFDMA based IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) has received significant interest from the researchers in recent time. Though several proposals have been made, to the best of our knowledge, none of these have presented an analytical model for this kind of medium access control protocols for IEEE 802.11. This paper provides a simple, nevertheless, very accurate analytical model to estimate the performance characteristics of IEEE 802.11 DCF with OFDMA under the assumptions of ideal channel conditions and saturation load. Our model accounts for important system parameters like throughput, collision rate, transmission delay, average contention window size, average retry count and average time wasted in backoff. Analytical results are verified through extensive simulations.
A Centroid Algorithm for Stabilization of Turbulence-Degraded Underwater Videos
- Authors: Halder, Kalyan Kumar , Paul, Manoranjan , Tahtali, Murat , Anavatti, Sreenatha G. , Murshed, Manzur
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications DICTA 2016 p. 1-6
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper addresses the problem of stabilizing underwater videos with non-uniform geometric deformations or warping due to a wavy water surface. It presents an improved method to correct these geometric deformations of the frames, providing a high-quality stabilized video output. For this purpose, a non-rigid image registration technique is employed to accurately align the warped frames with respect to a prototype frame and to estimate the deformation parameters, which in turn, are applied in an image dewarping technique. The prototype frame is chosen from the video sequence based on a sharpness assessment. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by applying it on both synthetic and real- world sequences using various quality metrics. A performance comparison with an existing method confirms the higher efficacy of the proposed method.