Severity of illness and distress in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia : do internalized stigma and caregiving burden mediate the relationship?
- Authors: Guan, Ziyao , Wang, Yuwei , Lam, Louisa , Cross, Wendy , Wiley, James
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 77, no. 3 (2021), p. 1258-1270
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- Description: Aims: To test a multiple mediation model of internalized stigma and caregiving burden in the relationship between severity of illness and distress among family caregivers of persons living with schizophrenia. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from a consecutive sample of 344 Chinese family caregivers of persons living with schizophrenia between April-August 2018. Instruments used in this research included the Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Caregiver Burden Inventory, and the Distress Thermometer. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Spearman correlation, and regression analysis to estimate direct and indirect effects using bootstrap analysis. Results: This research found that internalized stigma and caregiving burden can separately and sequentially mediate the relationship between severity of illness and distress. Moreover the mediation of internalized stigma plays the largest role among the multiple mediations. Conclusion: The severity of illness, internalized stigma, and caregiving burden are significant factors of distress among family caregivers of persons living with schizophrenia. The future intervention studies which be designed aiming at the three factors may be beneficial for family caregivers of persons living with schizophrenia. Impact: This research examined the psychosocial development of distress and indicated that interventions improving patients’ symptoms and decreasing internalized stigma and caregiving burden can help to prevent or reduce distress among family caregivers. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. *Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliates “Louisa Lam, Wendy Cross” is provided in this record**
What helps, what hinders? Undergraduate nursing students’ perceptions of clinical placements based on a thematic synthesis of literature
- Authors: Cant, Robyn , Ryan, Colleen , Hughes, Lynda , Luders, Elise , Cooper, Simon J.
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: SAGE Open Nursing Vol. 7, no. (2021), p.
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- Description: Introduction: Clinical placements are a mandatory component of nursing students’ education internationally. Despite clinical education being a key to nursing students’ achievement of nursing competencies, few studies have reviewed students’ narratives to describe their experiences of learning during clinical placement. Such studies may be important in offering a deeper insight into clinical learning experiences than quantitative surveys. Methods: A systematic thematic synthesis of qualitative studies between 2010 and June 2020 was conducted. English language studies that offered a thematic analysis of undergraduate nursing students’ experiences of learning during placement were sought. A search was made of five databases PubMed, Ovid Medline, CinahlPlus, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. The study was guided by the ENTREQ statement for enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research. Results: Twenty-seven qualitative studies were included in the review. A thematic synthesis showed over 100 themes and subthemes across the studies. A cluster analysis revealed positive elements and others that were seen in the studies as a barrier (hindrance) to clinical learning. Positive elements included supportive instructors, close supervision, and belonging (in the team). Unsupportive instructors, a lack of supervision and not being included were seen as a hindrance. Three key overarching themes that could describe a successful placement were revealed as “Preparation,” “Welcomed and wanted” and “Supervision experiences”. A conceptual model of clinical placement elements conducive to nursing students’ learning was developed to enhance understanding of the complexities associated with supervision. The findings and model are presented and discussed. Conclusion: The conceptual model presents positive elements that influence students’ clinical placement experiences of learning. This model may provide a framework to guide professional development programs and strategies to support students and supervisors alike, an important step forward in moving beyond the current clinical placement rhetoric. © The Author(s) 2021.
A wechat-based “three good things” positive psychotherapy for the improvement of job performance and self-efficacy in nurses with burnout symptoms : a randomized controlled trial
- Authors: Guo, Yu-Fang , Lam, Louisa , Plummer, Virginia , Cross, Wendy , Zhang, Jing-Ping
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Nursing Management Vol. 28, no. 3 (2020), p. 480-487
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- Description: Aim: To evaluate the effects of a WeChat-based “Three Good Things” on job performance and self-efficacy of clinical nurses with burnout symptoms. Background: Few studies have valued the impact of nurses' personal strengths and positive work environment on job performance, particularly in developing countries. Methods: A randomized controlled trial. The intervention group (n = 33) participated in WeChat-based Three Good Things, while the control group (n = 40) did not. Data were collected prior to and immediately after the intervention. WeChat, a popular social software, provides several communicating and recording functions. Results: The main intervention effects and interactions between time and intervention on job performance and self-efficacy were significant (each p < .05). The main time effects on self-efficacy were also significant (p < .05). The post-intervention scores for job performance and self-efficacy between the two groups were statistically different (each p < .05). The scores for job performance and self-efficacy of the intervention group were statistically different before and after the intervention (each p < .05). Conclusion: Three Good Things could significantly improve job performance and self-efficacy of nurses with burnout. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse managers are recommended to include Three Good Things into their management systems to improve nurses' physical and mental health and work outcomes over the long term. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Measuring the quality of nursing clinical placements and the development of the Placement Evaluation Tool (PET) in a mixed methods co-design project
- Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Waters, Donna , Luders, Elise , Henderson, Amanda , Willetts, Georgina , Tower, Marion , Reid-Searl, Kerry , Ryan, Colleen , Hood, Kerry
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Nursing Vol. 19, no. 1 (2020), p.
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- Description: Background: The quality of nursing clinical placements has been found to vary. Placement evaluation tools for nursing students are available but lack contemporary reviews of clinical settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a feasible, valid and reliable clinical placement evaluation tool applicable to nursing student placements in Australia. Methods: An exploratory mixed methods co-design project. Phase 1 included a literature review; expert rating of potential question items and Nominal Group Technique meetings with a range of stakeholders for item development. Phase 2 included on-line pilot testing of the Placement Evaluation Tool (PET) with 1263 nursing students, across all year levels at six Australian Universities and one further education college in 2019–20, to confirm validity, reliability and feasibility. Results: The PET included 19-items (rated on a 5-point agreement scale) and one global satisfaction rating (a 10-point scale). Placements were generally positively rated. The total scale score (19 items) revealed a median student rating of 81 points from a maximum of 95 and a median global satisfaction rating of 9/10. Criterion validity was confirmed by item correlation: Intra-class Correlation Co-efficient ICC =.709; scale total to global score r =.722; and items to total score ranging from.609 to.832. Strong concurrent validity was demonstrated with the Clinical Learning Environment and Supervision Scale (r =.834). Internal reliability was identified and confirmed in two subscale factors: Clinical Environment (Cronbach’s alpha =.94) and Learning Support (alpha =.96). Based on the short time taken to complete the survey (median 3.5 min) and students’ comments, the tool was deemed applicable and feasible. Conclusions: The PET was found to be valid, reliable and feasible. Use of the tool as a quality assurance measure is likely to improve education and practice in clinical environments. Further international evaluation of the instrument is required to fully determine its psychometric properties. © 2020, The Author(s).
- Description: This work was funded by the Council of Deans of Nursing and Midwifery (Australia and New Zealand) – 2019. The funding body had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing the manuscript.
Nurses' cognitive and perceptual bias in the identification of clinical deterioration cues
- Authors: Al-Moteri, Modi , Cooper, Simon J. , Symmons, Mark , Plummer, Virginia
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Critical Care Vol. 33, no. 4 (2020), p. 333-342
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- Description: Background: Perception and processing of clinical cues have rarely been investigated in the nursing literature despite their relevance to the early identification and management of clinical deterioration. Aim: This study used a hypovolemic shock scenario from the Feedback Incorporating Review and Simulation Techniques to Act on Clinical Trends (FIRST2ACT) virtual simulation program, equipped with an eye tracker, to investigate cue processing during the management of patient deterioration. Result: The study revealed that attention deviation distorted interpretation of subsequent cues, causing 63% of participants to exhibit a cognitive bias (heightened sensitivity to specific but noncritical cues) and 65% to exhibit at least one episode of nonfixation on clinically relevant cues. Attention deviation and distorted interpretations of clinical cues will have an impact on patient safety. Conclusion: The findings are likely to have important implications for understanding error and associated training implications. © 2019 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd
The academic experiences of transitioning to blended online and digital nursing curriculum
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Barbagallo, Michael , Peck, Blake , Allen, Louise , Tanti, Erin , Churchill, Anne
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 87, no. (2020), p.
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- Description: Background: The blended online digital (BOLD) approach to teaching is popular within many universities. However, much of the research conducted in this area focusses on the student perspective. Aim The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and perspectives of academics involved in the development and implementation of an inaugural BOLD Bachelor of Nursing curriculum at a regional multi-campus institution in Victoria, Australia. Methods: Eleven academics across two regional campuses participated in one of five focus groups. Creswell's (2003) six step approach to thematic analysis was used to analyse the semi-structured interview data in order to capture the meaning of the transition experience. Findings: Three significant themes emerged from the focus group data: ‘Get Ready’, ‘Get Set’, and ‘Go’. Discussion: Three significant themes emerged, ‘Get Ready’, embodies insight from academic staff preparing to make the transition to a BOLD delivery model acknowledging the need for staff to be genuinely prepared, educated, guided and supported to understand the pedagogy of BOLD. Secondly, ‘Get Set’, acknowledges the period immediately after the preparatory phase and preparedness of academic staff to manage content and delivery for both face-to-face and online student cohorts within the learning platform. Thirdly, the theme ‘Go’ recognises the culmination of the previous two phases and is a recognition of the need for ongoing evaluation across the implementation phase. Conclusion: This qualitative exploration of nursing academics' experience contributes to contemporary pedagogical insights in relation to the blended approaches to teaching and learning. © 2020
The impact of emerging simulation-based technologies on the management of deteriorating patients : aiming for a gold standard educational evaluation
- Authors: Cooper, Simon J. , Cant, Robyn , Chung, Catherine , First Act Impact Team
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 45, no. (2020), p. 50-59
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- Description: Background: Measuring the impact of patient safety interventions is challenging. This article aims to illustrate a “gold standard” model of program evaluation incorporating examples from two patient deterioration programs. Methods: Australian nurses were trained in primary responses to emergencies in four hospitals using either face-to-face (F2F) or screen-based simulation versions of a simulation program. Evaluation outcomes were measured using Kirkpatrick's evaluation hierarchy covering participant ‘reaction’, ‘learning’, ‘behaviour’ change and ‘results’—based on 1,564 pre–post intervention vital signs chart reviews. Results: Seventy-four nurses participated. Reaction—participant confidence/competence ratings and Learning improved significantly in both modalities (p <.001). Behaviour—oxygen delivery systems were used more appropriately after training in the F2F group (p =.037). Applicable recording of oxygen saturation (SpO2) improved significantly (p ≤.008) in both modalities. Results—at least a two-fold increase in the overall initiation of a clinical review after training, in both modalities (p <.001; effect: d = 0.41 F2F and d = 0.35 screen-based simulation). Conclusions: Kirkpatrick's evaluation model enables a suitable template for gold standard education evaluations. © 2020 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning
- Description: Funding details: State Government of Victoria, 31362
Trade agreements and the risks for the nursing workforce, nursing practice and public health : A scoping review
- Authors: Kidgell, Dianna , Hills, Danny , Griffiths, Debra , Endacott, Ruth
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Studies Vol. 109, no. (2020), p. 1-10
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- Description: Background: Trade agreements in the 21st century have evolved to include provisions that affect domestic public policy and public health in signatory countries. There are growing calls for health professionals and public health advocates to pursue an active advisory role in trade negotiations in order to anticipate and prevent negative outcomes for health services and public health. Aim: This scoping review explored current literature to identify existing knowledge of the implications of trade agreements for the nursing workforce, nursing practice and public health using as an example the 2018 'Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership'. Design: Scoping review Data sources: Emerald Insight, Informit, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and a number of specialist Economics, International Trade and Business, and International Relations databases. Grey literature included national and international policy documents. Review method: Literature was selected according to extraction field criteria, supplemented by hand searching of relevant grey literature and snowballing references from the selected literature reference lists. Analysis was undertaken to identify key themes emerging from the literature. Review results: Six key themes relevant to nursing workforce, nursing practice or public health were 1. Lack of consultation with public health and health professionals in trade negotiations; 2. Implications of strengthened intellectual property provisions for equitable access to medicines (including biologics) and medical devices; 3. Threats to government capacity to regulate domestic policy for public health and health services through 'Investor State Dispute Settlement' provisions 4. Threats to government capacity to regulate domestic policy for public health and health services through 'Regulatory Coherence' 5. Potential limited benefits to communities and increased health inequities 6. Potential implications of increased temporary migration. Gaps were identified in the literature for implications for nursing practice and the nursing workforce from regulatory and labour provisions of trade agreements. Conclusions: The analysis of the literature reviewed is of international importance for the nursing workforce, nursing practice and public health. Policymakers must anticipate and respond to how the inclusion of labour or regulatory provisions in trade agreements will affect nursing practice and the nursing workforce, and how this may subsequently impact on the health of communities globally. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Validation of the distress thermometer for caregivers of children and adolescents with schizophrenia
- Authors: Bai, Xiaoling , Wang, Anni , Cross, Wendy , Lam, Louisa , Plummer, Virginia , Guan, Ziyao , Sun, Mei , Tang, Siyuan
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 76, no. 2 (Feb 2020), p. 687-698
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- Description: Aim To develop and psychometrically test the distress thermometer for caregivers (DT-C) and document the distress level in primary caregivers of children and adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia. Design A validation diagnostic accuracy study and descriptive cross-sectional survey. Methods DT-C was adopted based on Harverman's distress thermometer for parents. The cut-off score was detected by using receiver operating characteristic analysis with the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 as a reference standard in a sample of 324 caregivers of children and adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia in China collected between Jan 2017 and Feb 2018. Results One-item DT of DT-C indicated a good retest reliability (r = 0.86) and one-item DT and the Problem List (PL) indicated good convergent validity (r = 0.67-0.88). Overall and individual PL domains showed good internal consistency (KR 20 values ranged from 0.70-0.90). Setting seven as the cut-off score, the values of sensitivity (0.72-0.81), specificity (0.86-0.90), Youden's index (0.61-0.70), positive predictive value (0.67-0.74), and negative predictive value (0.84-0.92) were most satisfactory and area under curve values showed significantly excellent discrimination (0.88-0.90). The average DT score for the 324 participants was 6.34 (SD 2.49), with 46.9% of the participants above the cut-off. Caregivers above the cut-off score faced significant multiple problems in practical, family/social, cognitive, emotional, and parenting domains. Conclusion The DT-C, with six domains containing 35 items in Problem List and with the cut-off score at seven, can be a rapid screening tool to measure distress in these caregivers. The level of distress in caregivers was relatively high. Psychoeducation on specific needs and a solid mutual support network are recommended for mitigating caregivers' distress. Impact This study adapted a reliable DT-C to measure distress of caregivers, which has the potential to be introduced to caregivers of other types of child and adolescent mental disorders in research, assessments and care planning for health professionals.
Bibliometric Scan of the 100 Most Cited Nursing Simulation Articles
- Authors: Cant, Robyn , Cooper, Simon J.
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 36, no. (2019), p. 1-7
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- Description: Background: Bibliometrics involves statistical analyses of publication data, particularly citation analysis, to determine popularity/impact of articles and authors. Methods: Citation analysis was conducted on the "top 100'' cited nursing simulation articles in the Scopus database in April 2019. Results: The median number of article citations was 84 (mean = 100.4; range, 53-557). Citations were steadily accumulated after publication; the majority between year four and year seven. Two-thirds of the articles were led by authors from the United States. Conclusions: This report on bibliometric mapping helps to graphically illustrate the evolution of simulation articles in the field of nursing.
Clinical deterioration of ward patients in the presence of antecedents : A systematic review and narrative synthesis
- Authors: Al-Moteri, Modi , Plummer, Virginia , Cooper, Simon J. , Symmons, Mark
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Australian Critical Care Vol. 32, no. 5 (2019), p. 411-420
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- Description: Aim: The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise published accounts of recognising and responding to patient deterioration in the presence of deterioration antecedents. Design: The systematic review canvassed four electronic databases/ search engines for studies of adult ward patients who had altered physiological parameters before developing major adverse events. Synthesis Methods: The findings were synthesised using a narrative approach. Results: Clinical deterioration can be missed by nurses, even with adequate charting. Delays in recognising and responding to patient deterioration remains an international patient safety concern, and strategies to enhance recognition of patient deterioration have not achieved consistent improvements. The lack of significant and sustained improvement through targeted training suggests the problem may be rooted in human behaviour and local ward culture. Nurses play a pivotal role in recognising and responding to patient deterioration; however, patient records do not facilitate tracking of all nurse decisions and actions, and any undocumented care cannot be easily captured by auditing processes. Conclusion: Failure to recognise clinical deterioration was evident even with adequate charting. It is not clear if nurses do not recognise clinical deterioration because they failed to interpret the signs of deterioration or they made a conscious decision not to escalate based on their clinical judgement or they lacked attention at the time of the event. Whatever the reason, focus is warranted for nurses' decisionmaking after the recording of clinical deterioration signs and the role of human factors in delayed recognition, before maximum benefit of any strategy can be achieved.
Clinical placements in contemporary nursing education: Where is the evidence?
- Authors: McKenna, Lisa , Cant, Robyn , Bogossian, Fiona , Cooper, Simon J. , Levett-Jones, Tracy , Seaton, Philippa
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
- Relation: Nurse Education Today Vol. 83, no. (2019), p.
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- Description: Clinical practice is fundamental to the learning of undergraduate and entry-level nursing students. It provides the milieu whereby students apply classroom theory and simulated practice to the real world of nursing and become socialised into the profession. In contemporary nursing education, there is often competition among tertiary education providers to locate quality, appropriate placements; substantial costs may be incurred to access suitable placements.
ICU nurses feel unprepared to care for patients with mental illness : A survey of nurses' attitudes, knowledge, and skills
- Authors: Weare, Reuben , Green, Cameron , Olasoji, Michael , Plummer, Virginia
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Vol. 53, no. (2019), p. 37-42
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- Description: Objectives: To examine the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of a cohort of Australian nurses towards caring for patients with mental illness in the intensive care unit. Research design: A questionnaire was developed and distributed via internal email to all nurses working in the study intensive care unit. Responses were anonymous. Setting: A metropolitan intensive care unit located in Melbourne, Australia. Main outcome measures: Intenisve care nurses completed a 76-question self-administered questionnaire. Results: Forty intensive care nurses completed the survey, a response rate of 35.7% (n = 40/112). Respondents were predominantly female (82.5%) and held a post-graduate qualification (62.5%). ICU nurses felt that they needed further training and education to care for patients with mental illness in the intensive care unit. While respondents were empathetic to this patient group, negative stereotypes and stigma were reported by some participants. The pressures of the environment were perceived barriers to delivering optimal person-centred care for patients with mental illness. Conclusion: This sample of nurses felt they require education and support in order to care for patients with mental illness in the intenisve care unit. Further education may also help to reduce negative perceptions of this patient group.
The influence of anxiety on student nurse performance in a simulated clinical setting : A mixed methods design
- Authors: Al-Ghareeb, Amal , McKenna, Lisa , Cooper, Simon J.
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Studies Vol. 98, no. (2019), p. 57-66
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- Description: Background: Anxiety has a powerful impact on learning due to activation of anxiety hormones, which target related receptors in the working memory. Experiential learning requires some degree of challenge and anxiety. Patient simulation, as a form of experiential learning, has been an integrated component of health professional education internationally over the last two decades, especially in undergraduate nursing education. Little information is available to determine if and how anxiety impacts nursing students’ clinical performance during simulation. Objectives: To investigate physiological and psychological anxiety during emergency scenarios in high-fidelity simulation and understand the effect of anxiety on clinical performance. Design: First2Act was the model for the simulation intervention. Second and third year undergraduate nursing students attended a two-hour simulation session and completed a demographic questionnaire plus pre-simulation self-reported psychological anxiety scale. A heart rate variability monitor was attached to each student's chest to measure heart rate variability (as a sign of anxiety) before engaging in two video-recorded simulated emergency scenarios (cardiac and respiratory) with a professional actor playing the patient. Performance was rated by a clinician followed by video-assisted debriefing. Finally, heart monitors were removed and students repeated self-reports of psychological anxiety. Results: Students’ psychological anxiety was high pre-simulation and remained high post-simulation. With regard to physiological anxiety, students were anxious at the start of the simulation but became more relaxed toward the end as they gained familiarly with the simulation environment (p < .007). Clinical performance increased significantly in the second scenario (p < .001). Factors found to positively affect clinical performance were length of enrolment in the nursing degree (p = .001), current employment in a nursing or allied healthcare field (p = .030), and previous emergency experience (p = .047). The relationship between physiological anxiety and clinical performance was statistically not significant, although there was an indication that low level anxiety led to optimal performance. Conclusion: High-fidelity patient simulation has the capacity to arouse novice nurses psychologically and physiologically while managing emergency situations. Indicative outcomes suggest that optimal performance was apparent when anxiety levels were low, indicating that they had received insufficient training to deal with situations that induced moderate to high anxiety levels.
The safe administration of medication : Nursing behaviours beyond the five-rights
- Authors: Martyn, Julie-Anne , Paliadelis, Penny , Perry, Chad
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nurse Education in Practice Vol. 37, no. (2019), p. 109-114
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- Description: This paper discusses the findings from the observation phase of a more extensive, appreciative inquiry qualitative study exploring registered nurses' experiences of administering medications. The observations aimed to explore the participants' application of the five-rights of medication administration in practice. Twenty registered nurses working in inpatient medical/surgical units at a regional Australian hospital were observed administering medications from the commencement to the completion of their shift. A data collection tool based on the five-rights of medication administration was used. The findings indicated that medication administration was not as routine as the rights framework suggests. Indeed, what was observed rarely reflected all the criteria of the rights framework. Notably, in practice, some of the rights were unable to be observed because the critical thinking that underpins the rights are implicit. However, the participants were observed to implement strategies beyond those described by the rights framework that ensured safe and timely medication administration. In brief, medication administration in contemporary healthcare settings is more complicated than the linear process suggested by the rights framework. So more attention is warranted, to the safe practice strategies of nurses who, to deal with complex clinical contexts. Their person-centred strategies respond to patient circumstances and maintain safety.
Why articles continue to be cited after they have been retracted : An audit of retraction notices
- Authors: Gray, Richard , Al-Ghareeb, Amal , McKenna, Lisa
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Nursing Studies Vol. 90, no. (2019), p. 11-12
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- Description: Background: Papers continue to be cited by authors even after they have been retracted. Retraction notices provide readers with information about retracted papers and may help minimise post-retraction citation. To date, a review of the quality of retraction notices in nursing science has not been reported. Design: An audit of retraction notices associated with 29 retracted manuscripts published in nursing science journals. Methods: Retraction notices were reviewed again using the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines. Results: In total, 28 retraction notices were retrieved and reviewed (one retracted paper did not have a retraction notice). Details of the retracted manuscripts were included in all reviewed notices and, in all but two, author names were reported. Details of the time between a paper being published and retracted were not reported and generally there was a little information in notices about how the retraction decisions were made. All retraction notices were freely available. Seven notices stated who had made the decision to retract. Twenty-two (77%) notices stated the reason for retraction. Notices were brief and contained factual information. The webpages of three retracted articles did not clearly indicate that the paper had been retracted. Conclusion: More detailed and informative retraction notices will inform readers and may help reduce post- retraction citation.
Best practice in clinical simulation education − are we there yet? A cross-sectional survey of simulation in Australian and New Zealand pre-registration nursing education
- Authors: Bogossian, Fiona , Cooper, Simon J. , Kelly, Michelle , Levett-Jones, Tracy , McKenna, Lisa , Slark, Julia , Seaton, Philippa
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Collegian Vol. 25, no. 3 (2018), p. 327-334
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- Description: Background: Simulation is potentially a means of increasing clinical education capacity. Significant investments have been made in simulation but the extent to which this has improved uptake, quality and diversity of simulation use is unclear. Aim: To describe the current use of simulation in tertiary nursing education programs leading to nurse registration Australia and New Zealand, and determine whether investments in simulation have improved uptake, quality and diversity of simulation experiences. Methods: A cross sectional electronic survey distributed to lead nursing academics in programs leading to nurse registration in Australia and New Zealand. Findings: 51.6% of institutions responded and reported wide variation in allocation of program hours to clinical and simulation learning. Simulation was embedded in curricula and positively valued as an adjunct or substitute for clinical placement. While simulation environments were adequate, staff time, training and resource development were barriers to increasing the quality, amount and range of simulation experiences. Quality assurance and robust evaluation were weak. Discussion: Simulation program hours are inconsistently reported and underutilized in terms of potential contribution to clinical learning. Benefits of capital investment in simulation physical resources have been realised, but barriers persist for increasing high quality simulation in nursing programs. Conclusion: Transitioning components of clinical education from the clinical to tertiary sectors has resource implications. Establishment of sustainable, high quality simulation experiences requires staff training, shared resources, best practice and robust evaluation of simulation experiences in nursing curricula. © 2017 Australian College of Nursing Ltd
Cultural aspects of death notification following cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Authors: Hassankhani, Hadi , Haririan, Hamidreza , Porter, Joanne , Heaston, Sondra
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 74, no. 7 (2018), p. 1564-1572
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- Description: Aims: To explore the lived experience of resuscitation team members involved in notifying family members when a patient dies following a resuscitation event in an Iranian cultural context. Background: Death notification to the family is indeed a difficult and an important issue for resuscitation team members. The way health professionals deliver news to family members should incorporate elements of sensitivity, timing and adequate clinical explanations with emphasis on the efforts made by the professionals during the resuscitation. Design: A phenomenological study. Method: Over a period of 5 months (June 2016–November 2016) eleven nurses and six physicians were interviewed using an in-depth interview process applying Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological approach for data collection and analysis. The participants were recruited from six tertiary hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Findings: There were two main themes that emerged from the data analysis including: “contributing factors on the impact of notification” and “notification strategies”. A further 13 subthemes emerged under the main themes. Several culturally related issues emerged with the participants feeling more comfortable informing male rather than female relatives about the death of the patient following a resuscitation. Conclusions: Notifying family members of a patient's death is a stressful and culturally sensitive task for the resuscitation team members. The nature of the patient's presenting condition, together with the various resuscitation interventions can result in relatives responding unpredictably. Providing health professionals with the appropriate training and skills to effectively communicate with family members will ensure that the families’ level of preparedness, understanding and cultural beliefs are taken into consideration. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Defining and classifying aggression and violence in health care work
- Authors: Hills, Danny
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Collegian Vol. 25, no. 6 (2018), p. 607-612
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- Description: Background: There is considerable contention in defining workplace aggression, especially in health care. This can lead to challenges in effectively researching workplace aggression, and ensuring a sound basis for developing strategies to prevent and minimise its likelihood and consequences. Aim: The aim of this discussion paper is to provide a pragmatic definition of workplace aggression, based on a contemporary conceptualisation of human aggression, followed by a discussion on key classifications of workplace aggression. Methods: The argument presented draws on theoretical and applied literature to develop a case for adopting a pragmatic definition of aggression, with key classification components. Findings and Discussion: A highly practical conceptualisation of workplace aggression differentiates two main forms – verbal or written and physical aggression – and two main source groups – internal (co-workers) and external (patients, their relatives or carers and others external to the workplace). Conclusion: Clarity and consensus on defining and classifying workplace aggression, should provide a sound and coherent basis for researchers, policy makers, clinicians and health care organisations to successfully prevent and minimise this challenging and serious work health and safety concern. © 2018 Australian College of Nursing Ltd
Do simulation studies measure up? A simulation study quality review
- Authors: Cant, Robyn , Levett-Jones, Tracy , James, Ainsley
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Clinical Simulation in Nursing Vol. 21, no. (2018), p. 23-39
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- Description: Simulation-based education has become a ubiquitous teaching approach in nursing. However, ensuring the quality of simulation research is critical. We reviewed the methodological quality of 26 quantitative studies published in Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 2017. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and Simulation Research Evaluation Rubric showed that nearly all studies were of moderate to high quality (rated ≥50%). Correlation coefficients showed that interrater agreement was high overall (≥0.94). In conclusion, this was a valid approach for examining simulation study quality. Although most included studies were of high quality, some elements of study reporting can be improved upon.