Knee flexion strength is significantly reduced following competition in semi-professional Australian Rules football athletes : Implications for injury prevention programs
- Charlton, Paula, Raysmith, Benjamin, Wollin, Martin, Rice, Simon, Purdam, Craig, Clark, Ross, Drew, Michael
- Authors: Charlton, Paula , Raysmith, Benjamin , Wollin, Martin , Rice, Simon , Purdam, Craig , Clark, Ross , Drew, Michael
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Physical Therapy in Sport Vol. 31, no. (2018), p. 9-14
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- Description: Objectives: To evaluate strength and flexibility measures pre- and post- Australian Football (AF) competition to determine their potential utility as secondary prevention measures. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Semi-professional AF club. Participants: Ten male AF athletes (mean ± SD; age, 21.3 ± 2.2 years; height, 186.1 ± 6.3 cm; weight, 83.5 ± 8.6 kg). Main Outcome Measures: Maximal unilateral isometric knee flexion strength performed in 45 degrees of hip flexion and 30 degrees of knee flexion, flexibility measures of hip and knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion. All outcome measures were evaluated pre-match to determine baseline measurements and repeated acutely post-match and at 26, 50 and 74 h following. Comparisons were made between baseline measures and all other time points. Results: Knee flexion strength was significantly reduced at a group level acutely (−122.8N, 95%CI −156.2 to −89.4, p = 0.000) and at 26 h (−89.6N, 95%CI −122.9 to −56.2, p = 0.000) following competition. Hamstring flexibility was significantly reduced at all time periods following competition (all p < 0.05), however these values were not clinically meaningful. Conclusions: Knowledge that unilateral isometric knee flexion strength returns to pre-competition levels by 50 h following match-play in AF athletes is valuable for planning recovery time frames and may inform implementation of secondary prevention strategies. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
- Authors: Charlton, Paula , Raysmith, Benjamin , Wollin, Martin , Rice, Simon , Purdam, Craig , Clark, Ross , Drew, Michael
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Physical Therapy in Sport Vol. 31, no. (2018), p. 9-14
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- Description: Objectives: To evaluate strength and flexibility measures pre- and post- Australian Football (AF) competition to determine their potential utility as secondary prevention measures. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Semi-professional AF club. Participants: Ten male AF athletes (mean ± SD; age, 21.3 ± 2.2 years; height, 186.1 ± 6.3 cm; weight, 83.5 ± 8.6 kg). Main Outcome Measures: Maximal unilateral isometric knee flexion strength performed in 45 degrees of hip flexion and 30 degrees of knee flexion, flexibility measures of hip and knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion. All outcome measures were evaluated pre-match to determine baseline measurements and repeated acutely post-match and at 26, 50 and 74 h following. Comparisons were made between baseline measures and all other time points. Results: Knee flexion strength was significantly reduced at a group level acutely (−122.8N, 95%CI −156.2 to −89.4, p = 0.000) and at 26 h (−89.6N, 95%CI −122.9 to −56.2, p = 0.000) following competition. Hamstring flexibility was significantly reduced at all time periods following competition (all p < 0.05), however these values were not clinically meaningful. Conclusions: Knowledge that unilateral isometric knee flexion strength returns to pre-competition levels by 50 h following match-play in AF athletes is valuable for planning recovery time frames and may inform implementation of secondary prevention strategies. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Collecting health and exposure data in Australian olympic combat sports : Feasibility study utilizing an electronic system
- Bromley, Sally, Drew, Michael, Talpey, Scott, McIntosh, Andrew, Finch, Caroline
- Authors: Bromley, Sally , Drew, Michael , Talpey, Scott , McIntosh, Andrew , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 20, no. 10 (2018), p. 1-11
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- Description: Background: Electronic methods are increasingly being used to manage health-related data among sporting populations. Collection of such data permits the analysis of injury and illness trends, improves early detection of injuries and illnesses, collectively referred to as health problems, and provides evidence to inform prevention strategies. The Athlete Management System (AMS) has been employed across a range of sports to monitor health. Australian combat athletes train across the country without dedicated national medical or sports science teams to monitor and advocate for their health. Employing a Web-based system, such as the AMS, May provide an avenue to increase the visibility of health problems experienced by combat athletes and deliver key information to stakeholders detailing where prevention programs May be targeted. Objective: The objectives of this paper are to (1) report on the feasibility of utilizing the AMS to collect longitudinal injury and illness data of combat sports athletes and (2) describe the type, location, severity, and recurrence of injuries and illnesses that the cohort of athletes experience across a 12-week period. Methods: We invited 26 elite and developing athletes from 4 Olympic combat sports (boxing, judo, taekwondo, and wrestling) to participate in this study. Engagement with the AMS was measured, and collected health problems (injuries or illnesses) were coded using the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (version 10.1) and International Classification of Primary Care (version 2). Results: Despite >160 contacts, athlete engagement with online tools was poor, with only 13% compliance across the 12-week period. No taekwondo or wrestling athletes were compliant. Despite low overall engagement, a large number of injuries or illness were recorded across 11 athletes who entered data—22 unique injuries, 8 unique illnesses, 30 recurrent injuries, and 2 recurrent illnesses. The most frequent injuries were to the knee in boxing (n=41) and thigh in judo (n=9). In this cohort, judo players experienced more severe, but less frequent, injuries than boxers, yet judo players sustained more illnesses than boxers. In 97.0% (126/130) of cases, athletes in this cohort continued to train irrespective of their health problems. Conclusions: Among athletes who reported injuries, many reported multiple conditions, indicating a need for health monitoring in Australian combat sports. A number of factors May have influenced engagement with the AMS, including access to the internet, the design of the system, coach views on the system, previous experiences with the system, and the existing culture within Australian combat sports. To increase engagement, there May be a requirement for sports staff to provide relevant feedback on data entered into the system. Until the Barriers are addressed, it is not feasible to implement the system in its current form across a larger cohort of combat athletes.
- Authors: Bromley, Sally , Drew, Michael , Talpey, Scott , McIntosh, Andrew , Finch, Caroline
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 20, no. 10 (2018), p. 1-11
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- Description: Background: Electronic methods are increasingly being used to manage health-related data among sporting populations. Collection of such data permits the analysis of injury and illness trends, improves early detection of injuries and illnesses, collectively referred to as health problems, and provides evidence to inform prevention strategies. The Athlete Management System (AMS) has been employed across a range of sports to monitor health. Australian combat athletes train across the country without dedicated national medical or sports science teams to monitor and advocate for their health. Employing a Web-based system, such as the AMS, May provide an avenue to increase the visibility of health problems experienced by combat athletes and deliver key information to stakeholders detailing where prevention programs May be targeted. Objective: The objectives of this paper are to (1) report on the feasibility of utilizing the AMS to collect longitudinal injury and illness data of combat sports athletes and (2) describe the type, location, severity, and recurrence of injuries and illnesses that the cohort of athletes experience across a 12-week period. Methods: We invited 26 elite and developing athletes from 4 Olympic combat sports (boxing, judo, taekwondo, and wrestling) to participate in this study. Engagement with the AMS was measured, and collected health problems (injuries or illnesses) were coded using the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (version 10.1) and International Classification of Primary Care (version 2). Results: Despite >160 contacts, athlete engagement with online tools was poor, with only 13% compliance across the 12-week period. No taekwondo or wrestling athletes were compliant. Despite low overall engagement, a large number of injuries or illness were recorded across 11 athletes who entered data—22 unique injuries, 8 unique illnesses, 30 recurrent injuries, and 2 recurrent illnesses. The most frequent injuries were to the knee in boxing (n=41) and thigh in judo (n=9). In this cohort, judo players experienced more severe, but less frequent, injuries than boxers, yet judo players sustained more illnesses than boxers. In 97.0% (126/130) of cases, athletes in this cohort continued to train irrespective of their health problems. Conclusions: Among athletes who reported injuries, many reported multiple conditions, indicating a need for health monitoring in Australian combat sports. A number of factors May have influenced engagement with the AMS, including access to the internet, the design of the system, coach views on the system, previous experiences with the system, and the existing culture within Australian combat sports. To increase engagement, there May be a requirement for sports staff to provide relevant feedback on data entered into the system. Until the Barriers are addressed, it is not feasible to implement the system in its current form across a larger cohort of combat athletes.
How much is enough in rehabilitation? High running workloads following lower limb muscle injury delay return to play but protect against subsequent injury
- Stares, Jordan, Dawson, Brian, Peeling, Peter, Drew, Michael, Heasman, Jarryd, Rogalski, Brent, Colby, Marcus
- Authors: Stares, Jordan , Dawson, Brian , Peeling, Peter , Drew, Michael , Heasman, Jarryd , Rogalski, Brent , Colby, Marcus
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 21, no. 10 (2018), p. 1019-1024
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- Description: Objectives: Examine the influence of rehabilitation training loads on return to play (RTP) time and subsequent injury in elite Australian footballers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Internal (sessional rating of perceived exertion: sRPE) and external (distance, sprint distance) workload and lower limb non-contact muscle injury data was collected from 58 players over 5 seasons. Rehabilitation periods were analysed for running workloads and time spent in 3 rehabilitation stages (1: off-legs training, 2: non-football running, 3: group football training) was calculated. Multi-level survival analyses with random effects accounting for player and season were performed. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable were produced for RTP time and time to subsequent injury. Results: Of 85 lower limb muscle injuries, 70 were rehabilitated to RTP, with 30 cases of subsequent injury recorded (recurrence rate = 11.8%, new site injury rate = 31.4%). Completion of high rehabilitation workloads delayed RTP (distance: >49,775 m [reference: 34,613–49,775 m]: HR 0.12, 95%CI 0.04–0.36, sRPE: >1266 AU [reference: 852–1266 AU]: HR 0.09, 95%CI 0.03–0.32). Return to running within 4 days increased subsequent injury risk (3–4 days [reference: 5–6 days]: HR 25.88, 95%CI 2.06–324.4). Attaining moderate-high sprint distance (427–710 m) was protective against subsequent injury (154–426 m: [reference: 427–710 m]: HR 37.41, 95%CI 2.70–518.64). Conclusions: Training load monitoring can inform player rehabilitation programs. Higher rehabilitation training loads delayed RTP; however, moderate-high sprint running loads can protect against subsequent injury. Shared-decision making regarding RTP should include accumulated training loads and consider the trade-off between expedited RTP and lower subsequent injury risk.
- Authors: Stares, Jordan , Dawson, Brian , Peeling, Peter , Drew, Michael , Heasman, Jarryd , Rogalski, Brent , Colby, Marcus
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 21, no. 10 (2018), p. 1019-1024
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- Description: Objectives: Examine the influence of rehabilitation training loads on return to play (RTP) time and subsequent injury in elite Australian footballers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Internal (sessional rating of perceived exertion: sRPE) and external (distance, sprint distance) workload and lower limb non-contact muscle injury data was collected from 58 players over 5 seasons. Rehabilitation periods were analysed for running workloads and time spent in 3 rehabilitation stages (1: off-legs training, 2: non-football running, 3: group football training) was calculated. Multi-level survival analyses with random effects accounting for player and season were performed. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable were produced for RTP time and time to subsequent injury. Results: Of 85 lower limb muscle injuries, 70 were rehabilitated to RTP, with 30 cases of subsequent injury recorded (recurrence rate = 11.8%, new site injury rate = 31.4%). Completion of high rehabilitation workloads delayed RTP (distance: >49,775 m [reference: 34,613–49,775 m]: HR 0.12, 95%CI 0.04–0.36, sRPE: >1266 AU [reference: 852–1266 AU]: HR 0.09, 95%CI 0.03–0.32). Return to running within 4 days increased subsequent injury risk (3–4 days [reference: 5–6 days]: HR 25.88, 95%CI 2.06–324.4). Attaining moderate-high sprint distance (427–710 m) was protective against subsequent injury (154–426 m: [reference: 427–710 m]: HR 37.41, 95%CI 2.70–518.64). Conclusions: Training load monitoring can inform player rehabilitation programs. Higher rehabilitation training loads delayed RTP; however, moderate-high sprint running loads can protect against subsequent injury. Shared-decision making regarding RTP should include accumulated training loads and consider the trade-off between expedited RTP and lower subsequent injury risk.
Inflammation and Oral Contraceptive Use in Female Athletes Before the Rio Olympic Games
- Larsen, Brianna, Cox, Amanda, Colbey, Candice, Drew, Michael, McGuire, Helen, Fazekas de St Groth, Barbara, Hughes, David, Vlahovich, Nicole, Waddington, Gordon, Burke, Louise, Lundy, Bronwen, West, Nicholas, Minahan, Clare
- Authors: Larsen, Brianna , Cox, Amanda , Colbey, Candice , Drew, Michael , McGuire, Helen , Fazekas de St Groth, Barbara , Hughes, David , Vlahovich, Nicole , Waddington, Gordon , Burke, Louise , Lundy, Bronwen , West, Nicholas , Minahan, Clare
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 11, no. (2020), p.
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- Description: This study investigated the association between synthetic ovarian hormone use [i.e., the oral contraceptive (OC) pill] and basal C-reactive protein (CRP), peripheral blood immune cell subsets, and circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in elite female athletes. Elite female athletes (n = 53) selected in Rio Summer Olympic squads participated in this study; 25 were taking an OC (AthletesOC) and 28 were naturally hormonally cycling (AthletesNC). Venous blood samples were collected at rest for the determination of sex hormones, cortisol, CRP, peripheral blood mononuclear memory and naïve CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. C-reactive protein concentrations were elevated (p < 0.001) in AthletesOC (median = 2.02, IQR = 3.15) compared to AthletesNC (median = 0.57, IQR = 1.07). No differences were reported for cortisol, cytokines, or PBMC immune cell subsets, although there was a trend (p = 0.062) for higher IL-6 concentrations in AthletesNC. Female Olympians had substantially higher CRP concentrations, a marker of inflammation and tissue damage, before the Rio Olympic Games if they used an OC. Future research should examine the potential consequences for athlete performance/recovery so that, if necessary, practitioners can implement prevention programs. © Copyright © 2020 Larsen, Cox, Colbey, Drew, McGuire, Fazekas de St Groth, Hughes, Vlahovich, Waddington, Burke, Lundy, West and Minahan.
- Authors: Larsen, Brianna , Cox, Amanda , Colbey, Candice , Drew, Michael , McGuire, Helen , Fazekas de St Groth, Barbara , Hughes, David , Vlahovich, Nicole , Waddington, Gordon , Burke, Louise , Lundy, Bronwen , West, Nicholas , Minahan, Clare
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 11, no. (2020), p.
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- Description: This study investigated the association between synthetic ovarian hormone use [i.e., the oral contraceptive (OC) pill] and basal C-reactive protein (CRP), peripheral blood immune cell subsets, and circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in elite female athletes. Elite female athletes (n = 53) selected in Rio Summer Olympic squads participated in this study; 25 were taking an OC (AthletesOC) and 28 were naturally hormonally cycling (AthletesNC). Venous blood samples were collected at rest for the determination of sex hormones, cortisol, CRP, peripheral blood mononuclear memory and naïve CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. C-reactive protein concentrations were elevated (p < 0.001) in AthletesOC (median = 2.02, IQR = 3.15) compared to AthletesNC (median = 0.57, IQR = 1.07). No differences were reported for cortisol, cytokines, or PBMC immune cell subsets, although there was a trend (p = 0.062) for higher IL-6 concentrations in AthletesNC. Female Olympians had substantially higher CRP concentrations, a marker of inflammation and tissue damage, before the Rio Olympic Games if they used an OC. Future research should examine the potential consequences for athlete performance/recovery so that, if necessary, practitioners can implement prevention programs. © Copyright © 2020 Larsen, Cox, Colbey, Drew, McGuire, Fazekas de St Groth, Hughes, Vlahovich, Waddington, Burke, Lundy, West and Minahan.
Multivariate modelling of subjective and objective monitoring data improve the detection of non-contact injury risk in elite Australian footballers
- Colby, Marcus, Dawson, Brian, Peeling, Peter, Heasman, Jarryd, Rogalski, Brent, Drew, Michael, Stares, Jordan, Zouhal, Hassane, Lester, Leanne
- Authors: Colby, Marcus , Dawson, Brian , Peeling, Peter , Heasman, Jarryd , Rogalski, Brent , Drew, Michael , Stares, Jordan , Zouhal, Hassane , Lester, Leanne
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 20, no. 12 (2017), p. 1068-1074
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- Description: Objectives: To assess the association between workload, subjective wellness, musculoskeletal screening measures and non-contact injury risk in elite Australian footballers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Across 4 seasons in 70 players from one club, cumulative weekly workloads (acute; 1 week, chronic; 2-, 3-, 4-week) and acute:chronic workload ratio’s (ACWR: 1-week load/average 4-weekly load) for session-Rating of Perceived Exertion (sRPE) and GPS-derived distance and sprint distance were calculated. Wellness, screening and non-contact injury data were also documented. Univariate and multivariate regression models determined injury incidence rate ratios (IRR) while accounting for interaction/moderating effects. Receiver operating characteristics determined model predictive accuracy (area under curve: AUC). Results: Very low cumulative chronic (2-, 3-, 4- week) workloads were associated with the greatest injury risk (univariate IRR = 1.71–2.16, 95% CI = 1.10–4.52) in the subsequent week. In multivariate analysis, the interaction between a low chronic load and a very high distance (adj-IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.07–6.34) or low sRPE ACWR (adj-IRR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.01–6.29) was associated with increased injury risk. Subjectively reporting “yes” (vs. “no”) for old lower limb pain and heavy non-football activity in the previous 7 days (multivariate adj-IRR = 2.01–2.25, 95% CI = 1.02–4.95) and playing experience (>9 years) (multivariate adj- IRR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.03–4.06) was also associated with increased injury risk, but screening data were not. Predictive capacity of multivariate models was significantly better than univariate (AUCmultivariate = 0.70, 95% CI 0.64–0.75; AUCunivariate range = 0.51–0.60). Conclusions: Chronic load is an important moderating factor in the workload–injury relationship. Low chronic loads coupled with low or very high ACWR are associated with increased injury risk.
- Description: Objectives: To assess the association between workload, subjective
- Authors: Colby, Marcus , Dawson, Brian , Peeling, Peter , Heasman, Jarryd , Rogalski, Brent , Drew, Michael , Stares, Jordan , Zouhal, Hassane , Lester, Leanne
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 20, no. 12 (2017), p. 1068-1074
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: To assess the association between workload, subjective wellness, musculoskeletal screening measures and non-contact injury risk in elite Australian footballers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Across 4 seasons in 70 players from one club, cumulative weekly workloads (acute; 1 week, chronic; 2-, 3-, 4-week) and acute:chronic workload ratio’s (ACWR: 1-week load/average 4-weekly load) for session-Rating of Perceived Exertion (sRPE) and GPS-derived distance and sprint distance were calculated. Wellness, screening and non-contact injury data were also documented. Univariate and multivariate regression models determined injury incidence rate ratios (IRR) while accounting for interaction/moderating effects. Receiver operating characteristics determined model predictive accuracy (area under curve: AUC). Results: Very low cumulative chronic (2-, 3-, 4- week) workloads were associated with the greatest injury risk (univariate IRR = 1.71–2.16, 95% CI = 1.10–4.52) in the subsequent week. In multivariate analysis, the interaction between a low chronic load and a very high distance (adj-IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.07–6.34) or low sRPE ACWR (adj-IRR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.01–6.29) was associated with increased injury risk. Subjectively reporting “yes” (vs. “no”) for old lower limb pain and heavy non-football activity in the previous 7 days (multivariate adj-IRR = 2.01–2.25, 95% CI = 1.02–4.95) and playing experience (>9 years) (multivariate adj- IRR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.03–4.06) was also associated with increased injury risk, but screening data were not. Predictive capacity of multivariate models was significantly better than univariate (AUCmultivariate = 0.70, 95% CI 0.64–0.75; AUCunivariate range = 0.51–0.60). Conclusions: Chronic load is an important moderating factor in the workload–injury relationship. Low chronic loads coupled with low or very high ACWR are associated with increased injury risk.
- Description: Objectives: To assess the association between workload, subjective
A novel hamstring strain injury prevention system: post-match strength testing for secondary prevention in football
- Wollin, Martin, Thorborg, Kristian, Drew, Michael, Pizzari, Tania
- Authors: Wollin, Martin , Thorborg, Kristian , Drew, Michael , Pizzari, Tania
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
- Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. , no. (2019), p.
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- Authors: Wollin, Martin , Thorborg, Kristian , Drew, Michael , Pizzari, Tania
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article , Editorial
- Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. , no. (2019), p.
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Infographic consensus recommendations on the classification, definition and diagnostic criteria of hip-related pain in young and middle-aged active adults from the International Hip-related Pain Research Network, Zurich 2018
- Reiman, Michael, Agricola, Rintje, Kemp, Joanne, Heerey, Joshua, Weir, Adam, Van Klij, Pim, Kassarjian, Ara, Mosler, Andrea, Ageberg, Eva, Hölmich, Perj, WArholm, Kristian, Griffin, Damian, Mayes, Suec, Khan, Karim, Crossley, Kay, Bizzini, Mario, Bloom, Nancy, Casartelli, Nicola, Diamond, Laura, Di Stasi, Stephanieu, Drew, Michael, Friedman, Daniel, Freke, Matthew, Glyn-Jones, Sionz, Gojanovic, Borisaa, Harris-Hayes, Marcie, Hunt, Michael, Impellizzeri, Franco, Ishøi, Lasseae;, Jones, Denise
- Authors: Reiman, Michael , Agricola, Rintje , Kemp, Joanne , Heerey, Joshua , Weir, Adam , Van Klij, Pim , Kassarjian, Ara , Mosler, Andrea , Ageberg, Eva , Hölmich, Perj , WArholm, Kristian , Griffin, Damian , Mayes, Suec , Khan, Karim , Crossley, Kay , Bizzini, Mario , Bloom, Nancy , Casartelli, Nicola , Diamond, Laura , Di Stasi, Stephanieu , Drew, Michael , Friedman, Daniel , Freke, Matthew , Glyn-Jones, Sionz , Gojanovic, Borisaa , Harris-Hayes, Marcie , Hunt, Michael , Impellizzeri, Franco , Ishøi, Lasseae; , Jones, Denise
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 55, no. 2 (2021), p. 115-117
- Full Text:
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- Description: **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Michael Drew" is provided in this record**
- Authors: Reiman, Michael , Agricola, Rintje , Kemp, Joanne , Heerey, Joshua , Weir, Adam , Van Klij, Pim , Kassarjian, Ara , Mosler, Andrea , Ageberg, Eva , Hölmich, Perj , WArholm, Kristian , Griffin, Damian , Mayes, Suec , Khan, Karim , Crossley, Kay , Bizzini, Mario , Bloom, Nancy , Casartelli, Nicola , Diamond, Laura , Di Stasi, Stephanieu , Drew, Michael , Friedman, Daniel , Freke, Matthew , Glyn-Jones, Sionz , Gojanovic, Borisaa , Harris-Hayes, Marcie , Hunt, Michael , Impellizzeri, Franco , Ishøi, Lasseae; , Jones, Denise
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 55, no. 2 (2021), p. 115-117
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Michael Drew" is provided in this record**
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